1 The 8th Annual Czech and Slovak Sinological Conference 2014 Proceedings Olomouc 2015 Proceedings from the 8th Annual Czech and Slovak Sinological Conference 2014. This conference was held in Olomouc on November 7–8, 2014. Editors Martin Lavička, Martina Rysová Opponents Dan Berounský, Táňa Dluhošová, Kamila Hladíková, Petr Janda, Martin Lavička, Štěpán Pavlík, Zuzana Pospěchová, Martina Rysová, Martin Slobodník, Hana Třísková, David Uher, Dušan Vávra, Oliver Weingarten, Michaela Zahradníková, Daniela Zhang Cziráková The patronage over the conference Jiří Lach, Dean of Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc Ivona Barešová, Head of Department of Asian Studies, Palacký University Olomouc Ondřej Kučera, Chief Manager of CHINET Project Conference organizers Department of Asian Studies, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc ESF project “Forging a scientific team and international networking in the field of Chinese Studies” in short “CHINET,” reg. no. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0152. Organization of the conference and publishing the Proceedings from the 8th Annual Czech and Slovak Sinological Conference 2014 was co-funded by the CHINET project (reg. no. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0152). This project is co-financed from European Social Fund and State financial resources. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated and copied without prior written permission of the publishers. © Palacký University Olomouc, 2015 Ed. © Martin Lavička, Martina Rysová DOI 10.5507/ff.15.24448275 ISBN 978-80-244-4827-5 CONTENT Preface 7 Linguistics 9 Wei-lun Lu Use of Translation Corpora as a New Method in Chinese Language Research and Its Pedagogical Implications: The Case of Viewpoint in Narratives 11 Zuzana Pospěchová Prosodic transcription of Standard Chinese in sociolinguistics research 27 Hana Třísková Teaching Mandarin Pronunciation: the Cliticoids and Basic Types of Phonetic Chunks 43 Michaela Zahradníková Chinese Character Learning Strategies 59 Science and Thought 77 Jiří Hudeček Science and Cultural Conservatism in the Dongfang zazhi (Eastern Miscellany), 1911–1927 79 Václav Laifr Building of “New China’s Astronomy” and the Establishment of New Historiography of Traditional Astronomy in the 1950s and 1960s: An insight from the oral history sources 93 Martin Slobodník “Lamaism, the living anachronism” – Depiction of Tibetan Buddhism in Czechoslovak Travelogues from the 1950s 111 Society 131 Magdalena Masláková Taiwan as the Promised Land? The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan and Its Struggle for Inculturation 133 Chieko Nakajima Shanghai Stank: Night Soil Business in Modern Shanghai 145 Literature 161 Pavlína Krámská Experiencing Taiwan in Taiwanese Nature-Oriented Literature 163 Radek Pělucha Wang Wenxing: The Poetics of Modern Taiwanese Fiction 181 Martina Rysová Identity of Ethnic Chinese in Indonesia Reflected in the Short Stories by Veven Sp. Wardhana 195 Li-wen Wang Asceticism, Insanity, and Affection – The Three Characteristics of “Bizarre Monks” Portrayed in Tang Tales 215 7 Preface Dear reader, In your hand you hold a small compendium of twelve articles selected from the 8th Annual Czech and Slovak Sinological Conference, which took place on November 7–8, 2014 at the Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic, and was organized by the Department of Asian Studies and EU project CHINET, reg. no.: CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0152. As the title of the conference suggests, every year one of the sinological centers either in the Czech Republic or Slovakia takes over the organization of this event. The event serves as a unique forum to share and exchange ideas, as well as to discuss the current research in Asian studies within the Czech and Slovak borders. This time, we tried to do things differently and except for the Czech and Slovak languages, we also added English as a main language of the confer- ence. The reason was simple: we thought that Czech and Slovak sinology should, once again, look beyond the borders of our two small countries, not only to confront with sinology abroad, but also to bring more atten- tion to our research centers, which to date might have been overlooked due to a language barrier. Because of this modification, we were able to welcome researchers from more than ten different countries presenting their paper at the Czech and Slovak Sinological Conference in Olomouc. From the positive feedback, we hope the internationalization of Czech and Slovak sinology will continue in the next years as well. Our compendium is roughly divided into four sections: Linguistics, Science and Thought, Society, and Literature. Each of the sections include two or more articles written by Czech and Slovak researchers, but in this volume, we are also happy to have Japanese and Taiwanese contributors. The variety of articles in this compendium illustrates the flourishing re- 8 search within Czech and Slovak sinology. In your hand you have a unique opportunity to learn more about Chinese linguistics, but also about Chi- nese astronomy, literature, religion and even about the night soil business in Shanghai. We truly hope you will find this volume as thought-provoking and stimulating reading as we do. In Olomouc Martin Lavička & Martina Rysová Linguistics 11 Use of Translation Corpora as a New Method in Chinese Language Research and Its Pedagogical Implications: The Case of Viewpoint in Narratives* Wei-lun Lu Masaryk University Annotation: This article is a preliminary attempt to apply the use of translation cor- pora as a new method in Chinese language research. We look into how the use of Chi- nese literary masterpiece and its English translation can help us identify interesting differences between the two languages. The discussion is focused on how the author and the translator present viewpoint structure in the narrative. Use of deictic verbs and stylistic strategies such as zero-anaphora and (free) indirect speech are dis- cussed. At the end of the article we propose a pedagogical implication. Keywords: cognitive linguistics, deixis, stylistics, translation, viewpoint 1 Parallel Texts, Linguistics Research and Teaching Language corpora have been a useful resource extensively used in re- search in general linguistics and language teaching.1 Various studies have shown the usefulness of language corpora in the above fields. However, * Part of this study was presented at The Eighth Czech and Slovak Sinological Confer- ence in Olomouc, 7–8 November 2014. I thank conference participants and two reviewers for valuable comments, with the typical disclaimer that applies. The research was supported by the project “Employment of Best Young Scientists for International Cooperation Empower- 12 the use of translation corpora is a practice that has not yet been system- atically adopted in the field of Chinese Linguistics and teaching Chinese as a second language.2 The current paper intends to occupy the niche by presenting a case study and will discuss the pedagogical implications of the use of translation corpora in Chinese Linguistics and teaching. Parallel texts, as a type of corpora, are a collection of texts put along- side their translations. For the interest of our current readers, research- ers of the Chinese language may put together a collection of world mas- terpieces written in Chinese (e.g. A True Story of Ah-Q, Dreams of Red Chamber, etc.) and find their translations in English, Japanese, Czech, German, etc. which will form a set of parallel texts available for the pur- pose of language research and teaching. Parallel texts are usually aligned sentence by sentence. We argue that such methodology has a great advantage, as aligning the texts sentence by sentence allows one to see how the same situation is coded in different languages, and a comparison between the source language and the target language(s) may reveal the distinctiveness of the source language. In our current case, comparing Chinese with the other languages (i.e. English, Japanese, Czech, German, etc.) will reveal how exactly Chinese is different from the other languages. Furthermore, we propose that such comparison may have important pedagogical implications. It has been extensively reported that second language learners are constantly bothered by the inconsistencies between their first language and the second language that they are trying to acquire, and that such inconsistencies are an important cause of learner’s errone- ous production patterns. Therefore, we believe not only that parallel texts may be used as an important research material for linguistics research, but also that distinctive patterns of Chinese identified by a parallel-text-based study may serve as an important basis for the design of teaching materials. Below, we present a case study of deictic verbs in Chinese-English parallel texts and will discuss the pedagogical implication of the research. ment” (CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0037) co-financed from European Social Fund and the state budget of the Czech Republic. 1 Typical examples include Chen (2010); Chung and Huang (2010); Lu and Su (2009); Lu (Accepted). 2 A couple of nice exceptions are Xiao and Wei (2014); Xu and Li (2014). 13 2 Material Choice, Corpus Design and Scope The material chosen for the present study is a famous novel written by Mo Yan, the Nobel Laureate in 2012, entitled 酒国 Jiu Guo (The Republic of Wine).3 The novel is chosen for the fame of its author and we believe the work will become increasingly important given Mo Yan’s role in the field of contemporary Chinese literature.4 Only the first chapter of both the Chi- nese original and the English translation is included in the scope of study as a sample. We focus on deictic verbs in both the Chinese original and the Eng- lish translation, as deictic verbs are probably one of the most fundamental words in language. Their semantics is rather basic and frequency is rela- tively high, so they are suitable candidates for linguistics research. Learn- ers of a second language may also find deictic verbs among the first words that they need to know.