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Fantasy and the Real World in British Children's Literature

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Fantasy and the Real World in British Children's Literature Fantasy and the Real World in British Children’s Literature This study examines the children’s books of three extraordinary British writers—J.K. Rowling, Diana Wynne Jones, and Terry Pratchett—and investigates their sophisticated use of narrative strategies not only to engage children in reading, but to educate them into becoming mature readers and indeed individuals. The book demonstrates how in quite different ways these writers establish reader expectations by drawing on conventions in exist- ing genres only to subvert those expectations. Their strategies lead young readers to both evaluate for themselves the power of story to shape our understanding of the world and to develop a sense of identity and agency. Rowling, Jones, and Pratchett provide their readers with fantasies that are pleasurable and imaginative, but far from encouraging escape from real- ity, they convey important lessons about the complexities and challenges of the real world—and how these may be faced and solved. All three writers deploy the tropes and imaginative possibilities of fantasy to disturb, chal- lenge, and enlarge the world of their readers. Caroline Webb is a Senior Lecturer in English at The University of New- castle, Australia. Her current research focuses on fantasy literature, espe- cially children’s fantasy. She has published articles on a range of authors including J.K. Rowling, Terry Pratchett, and Diana Wynne Jones. She is currently Secretary of the Australasian Children’s Literature Association for Research. Children’s Literature and Culture Jack Zipes, Founding Series Editor Philip Nel, Current Series Editor For a full list of titles in this series, please visit www.routledge.com The Children’s Book Business Contemporary English-Language Lessons from the Long Eighteenth Indian Children’s Literature Century Representations of Nation, Culture, Lissa Paul and the New Indian Girl Michelle Superle Humor in Contemporary Junior Literature Re-visioning Historical Fiction Julie Cross The Past through Modern Eyes Kim Wilson Innocence, Heterosexuality, and the Queerness of Children’s The Myth of Persephone in Girls’ Literature Fantasy Literature Tison Pugh Holly Virginia Blackford Reading the Adolescent Romance Pinocchio, Puppets and Modernity Sweet Valley High and the Popular The Mechanical Body Young Adult Romance Novel Edited by Katia Pizzi Amy S. Pattee Crossover Picturebooks Irish Children’s Literature and A Genre for All Ages Culture Sandra L. Beckett New Perspectives on Contemporary Writing Peter Pan’s Shadows in the Literary Edited by Valerie Coghlan and Keith Imagination O’Sullivan Kirsten Stirling Beyond Pippi Longstocking Landscape in Children’s Literature Intermedial and International Jane Suzanne Carroll Perspectives on Astrid Lindgren’s Works Colonial India in Children’s Edited by Bettina Kümmerling- Literature Meibauer and Astrid Surmatz Supriya Goswami Children’s Culture and the Jews and Jewishness in British Avant-Garde Children’s Literature Painting in Paris, 1890–1915 Madelyn J. Travis Marilynn Olson Genocide in Contemporary Textual Transformations in Children’s and Young Adult Children’s Literature Literature Adaptations, Translations, Cambodia to Darfur Reconsiderations Jane M. Gangi Edited by Benjamin Lefebvre Children and Cultural Memory in The Nation in Children’s Literature Texts of Childhood Nations of Childhood Edited by Heather Snell and Lorna Edited by Kit Kelen and Björn Hutchison Sundmark Picturebooks Subjectivity in Asian Children’s Representation and Narration Literature and Film Edited by Bettina Global Theories and Implications Kümmerling-Meibauer Edited by John Stephens Children’s Literature Children’s Literature, and New York City Domestication, and Social Edited by Pádraic Whyte and Keith Foundation O’Sullivan Narratives of Civilization and Wilderness Entranced by Story Layla AbdelRahim Brain, Tale and Teller, from Infancy to Old Age Charles Dickens and the Victorian Hugh Crago Child Romanticizing and Socializing the Discourses of Postcolonialism in Imperfect Child Contemporary British Children’s Amberyl Malkovich Literature Blanka Grzegorczyk Second-Generation Memory and Contemporary Children’s Fantasy and the Real World in Literature British Children’s Literature Ghost Images The Power of Story Anastasia Ulanowicz Caroline Webb Contemporary Dystopian Fiction for Young Adults Brave New Teenagers Edited by Carrie Hintz, Balaka Basu, and Katherine R. Broad This page intentionally left blank Fantasy and the Real World in British Children’s Literature The Power of Story Caroline Webb First published 2015 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2015 Taylor & Francis The right of Caroline Webb to be identifi ed as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identifi cation and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Webb, Caroline, 1961– author. Fantasy and the real world in British children’s literature : the power of story / Caroline Webb. pages cm. — (Children’s literature and culture ; 101) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Children’s literature, English—History and criticism. 2. Fantasy fi ction, English—History and criticism. 3. Narration (Rhetoric) 4. Reality in literature. 5. Storytelling in literature. 6. Rowling, J. K.—Criticism and interpretation. 7. Jones, Diana Wynne—Criticism and interpretation. 8. Pratchett, Terry—Criticism and interpretation. I. Title. PR990.W43 2014 823.009'9282—dc23 2014015791 ISBN: 978-0-415-72271-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-85811-1 (ebk) Typeset in Sabon by Apex CoVantage, LLC Contents Acknowledgements ix Introduction 1 1 Harry Potter and Tiffany Aching 23 2 The Case of Heroic Fantasy 48 3 Ontologies of the Wainscot 76 4 Representing the Witch 97 5 Resisting “Destinarianism” 119 Conclusion 143 Works Cited 149 Index 157 This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgements I am grateful to The University of Newcastle, Australia for the award of a Career Enhancement Fellowship to support my research and my confer- ence participation in 2012, and to its School of Humanities and Social Science for provision of marking relief and research assistance in 2013. Thanks to Emma Hamilton for providing that assistance. The Faculty of Education and Arts also arranged research workshops that have been very useful. I am grateful to Bronwyn Hemsley and Trisha Pender for organ- ising and the Faculty for supporting the “It’s a WRAP” research group that has helped me maintain an active research programme during the academic year. It has given me great pleasure to discuss the work of these writers with fellow scholars at a number of conferences in recent years, including those of the Australasian Children’s Literature Association for Research and the Children’s Literature Association. Thanks to Christine Moon for sending me her unpublished ACLAR conference paper. The Diana Wynne Jones conference in Bristol in 2009 was particularly stimulating. I apologise to its participants for not giving space here to more of their, and my, favourite novels. I have had much helpful feedback on my work from academic staff and postgraduate participants in the Ourimbah Humanities Research Seminar Series and the Writing Cultures seminar series at The University of New- castle, Australia. Hugh Craig has been a wise advisor. I am particularly grateful to members of my writing circle: Lyndall Ryan, Jill Bough, and especially Wendy Michaels. Wendy’s enthusiasm and critical energy have been unfl agging. Thanks also to Jenny, Neville, and Susan Webb for their unfailing support. Finally, I cannot suffi ciently thank Barry Hodges for the rich engagement, the endless patience, and (in the best sense) the critical mind with which he has attended to this project by day and by night. Small portions of Chapters 1 and 3 have appeared in articles published in Papers: Explorations into Children’s Literature . See Webb, “Abandoned,” and Webb, “Change,” respectively, in the Works Cited list. x Acknowledgements I am grateful to the Blair Partnership, agents for J.K. Rowling, for per- mission to quote from the Harry Potter sequence: Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone: Copyright © J.K. Rowling 1997 Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets : Copyright © J.K. Rowling 1998 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban : Copyright © J.K. Rowling 1999 Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire : Copyright © J.K. Rowling 2000 Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix : Copyright © J.K. Rowling 2003 Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince : Copyright © J.K. Rowling 2005 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows : Copyright © J.K. Rowling 2007 Extracts from The Spellcoats, Cart and Cwidder , and The Crown of Dalemark by Diana Wynne Jones are reproduced by permission of the origi- nal publishers, Oxford University Press. Quotations from the following works are reprinted by permission of HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. [UK]: Power of
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