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Anablepsoides Hoetmeri, a New Rivulid (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from Rio Purus Drainage, Western Amazon Basin, Brazil

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Anablepsoides Hoetmeri, a New Rivulid (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from Rio Purus Drainage, Western Amazon Basin, Brazil aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology Anablepsoides hoetmeri, a new rivulid (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from Rio Purus drainage, western Amazon basin, Brazil Dalton Tavares Bressane Nielsen1, Arsênio Caldeira Baptista Junior2 and Leendert Van de Berg3 1) Laboratório de Zoologia, departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Taubaté, Av. Tiradentes180, CEP: 12030-180, Taubaté, SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 2) Estrada dos Galdinos, 250, ap. 32, bl .03, Cotia, SP, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 3) Neptuneshof 15, 3951 ES Maarn, Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Received: 11 February 2016 – Accepted: 10 April 2016 Abstract membros do grupo A. limoncochae por ter duas fileiras lon- Anablepsoides hoetmeri, new species, is described from gitudinais compostas por 18-20 diminutos órgãos de sobre middle rio Acre, a tributary of the rio Purus, Amazon os lados do corpo, e pelos padrões de coloração de machos drainage, Brazil. It is the first species of Anablepsoides de- e fêmeas. scribed from that basin and the second species belonging to the Anablepsoides limoncochae species group described Résumé from Brazil. The remaining species belonging to the A. Anablepsoides hoetmeri, nouvelle espèce, est décrit limoncochae group are mainly found in Peru, but also occur provenant du moyen Rio Acre, un tributaire du rio Purus, in Colombia and Ecuador. Anablepsoides hoetmeri n. sp. bassin de l’Amazone, Brésil. C’est la première espèce d’An- differs other members of the A. limoncochae group by hav- ablepsoides décrite issue de ce bassin et la seconde espèce ing two longitudinal rows of 18-20 minute contact organs faisant partie du groupe Anablepsoides limoncochae décrite per row on the sides of the body, and by the coloration pat- du Brésil. Le restant des espèces du groupe A. limoncochae terns of both males and females. proviennent surtout du Pérou, mais surviennent aussi en Colombie et en Equateur. Anablepsoides hoetmeri, nouvelle Zusammenfassung espèce, diffère des autres membres du groupe A. limon- Die neue Art Anablepsoides hoetmeri, wird vom mittleren cochae par la présence de deux rangées longitudinales de Rio Acre beschrieben, einem Nebenfluss des Rio Purus, im 18-20 petits organes de contact par rangée sur les flancs et Einzugsgebiet des Amazonas, Brasilien. Es ist die erste Art par le patron de coloration des mâles comme des femelles. der Gattung Anablepsoides, die von diesem Becken beschrieben wird, und die zweite Art der Anablepsoides- Sommario limoncochae-Artengruppe, die aus Brasilien beschrieben Anablepsoides hoetmeri, nuova specie, viene descritta dal wird. Die übrigen Arten der Grruppe kommen haupt - medio Rio Acre, un affluente del Rio Purus, Amazonia, sächlich in Peru vor, aber auch in Kolumbien und Equador. Brasile. È la prima specie di Anablepsoides descritta da quel Anablepsoides hoetmeri n. sp. unterscheidet sich von den an- bacino e la seconda specie appartenente al gruppo di specie deren Angehörigen der Gruppe durch zwei Längsreihen Anablepsoides limoncochae descritte in Brasile. Le restanti von 18-20 winzigen Kontaktorganen pro Reihe an den specie appartenenti al gruppo A. limoncochae si trovano Flanken sowie durch die andersartigen Farbmuster sowohl principalmente in Perù, ma si rinvengono anche in bei den Männchen als auch bei den Weibchen. Colombia ed Ecuador. Anablepsoides hoetmeri n. sp. si dif- ferenzia dagli altri membri del gruppo A. limoncochae per Resumo avere due file longitudinali di 18-20 minuscoli organi di Anablepsoides hoetmeri, espécie nova, é descrita do médio contatto per riga sui lati del corpo, e dai modelli di colo - Rio Acre, um afluente do rio Purus, na bacia amazônica razione sia dei maschi che delle femmine. brasileira. É a primeira espécie de Anablepsoides descrita da bacia do rio Purus e a segunda pertencente ao grupo de es- pécies Anablepsoides limoncochae descrita do Brasil. As ou- INTRODUCTION tras espécies no grupo A. limoncochae são encontradas prin- The genus Anablepsoides was originally described cipalmente no Peru, mas também ocorrem na Colômbia e as a subgenus of Rivulus by Huber (1992). Along no Equador. Anablepsoides hoetmeri n. sp. difere de outros with its description, Huber (1992) proposed two 69 aqua vol. 22 no. 2 - 18 April 2016 Anablepsoides hoetmeri, a new rivulid (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from Rio Purus drainage, western Amazon basin, Brazil groups within this subgenus: the Anablepsoides Anablepsoides, Atlantirivulus, Cynodonichthys, urophthalmus species group and the Anablepsoides Laimosemion and Melanorivulus, retaining Owiyeye limoncochae species group. as a subgenus of Laimosemion and Benirivulus as The systematics of the genus Rivulus Poey, 1860 subgenus of Anablepsoides. has substantially changed in the last few years (Hu- Costa (2013) described A. urubuiensis and rede- ber 1992, Costa 1998, 2006, 2007, 2010). Costa fined the characteristics of the A. urophthalmus and (2006) recognized seven subgenera of Rivulus A. limoncochae species groups. Species in which the based on a morphological phylogeny and previous males have light yellow to orange patches on dorsal molecular analyses: Rivulus, Cynodonichthys, An- and ventral margins of the caudal fin belong to the ablepsoides, Benirivulus, Laimosemion, Owiyeye, and A. urophthalmus species group, and the presence of Melanorivulus. Costa (2008) proposed an eighth contact organs on the flank scales and an oblique subgenus: Atlantirivulus. transverse stripe on the middle of the dorsal-fin de- Although the subgenera of Rivulus are supported fine species of the A. limoncochae group. With this both by morphological and genetic features (Costa, redefinition, some species exchanged groups. As of 2006), some less inclusive species groups within 2013 Costa defined species belonging to the A. subgenera may not comprise monophyletic units. limoncochae species group as: A. elongatus, A. christi- This is most likely the reason why Huber (1992) nae, A. limoncochae, A. parlettei, A. rubrolineatus, proposed the Anablepsoides urophthalmus species A. taeniatus, A. urubuiensis, and A. lineasoppilatae. group, diagnosed by a combination of character Such an assemblage is obviously heterogeneous states of uncertain polarity. Six species were includ- and more studies are needed for a better assessment ed in the A. urophthalmus group: A. stagnatus, A. of the species groups within the genus (Huber, mazaruni, A. lungi, A. deltaphilus, A. taeniatus, and 2012). However, we herein follow the nomencla- A. rubrolineatus. ture proposed and used by Costa (2011, 2013). Huber (1992) also proposed the Anablepsoides The new species herein described was discovered limoncochae group, comprised of species from the in the rio Acre, a tributary of the rio Purus, western western Rio Amazon basin, including A. christinae, Amazon basin, state of Acre, Brazil. The genus An- A. limoncochae, A. iridescens and A. erberi. Both the ablepsoides is well distributed across the Amazon A. urophthalmus species group and A. limoncochae basin, the Río Orinoco basin, coastal Guyanese species group were diagnosed by a combination of basins, and extending into coastal basins of north- similar character states: longitudinal rows of red eastern Brazil. The greatest diversity of Anablep- spots on flanks, frontal squamation E-patterned, soides species occurs in the Amazon basin; with re- short dorsal and anal fins, (i.e., dorsal fin with 6-9 cent studies suggesting that the diversity of the rays, anal fin with 12-15 rays), long pre-dorsal dis- genus Anablepsoides in the Amazonian area is larger tance, and a large caudal spot in females. The A. than previously thought (Costa 2013). limoncochae group differs from the A. urophthalmus species group by having three rows of red spots or MATERIALS AND METHODS stripes posteriorly extending to caudal-fin base (vs. Measurements were taken point-to-point under a 6-8 in the A. urophthalmus group). However, as stereomicroscope with a digital caliper to the near- discussed by Costa (2006), species of the A. uroph- est 0.1 mm on the left side of the specimen follow- thalmus species group may also have only three ing Costa (1995). Measurements are expressed as rows of red spots. Species of the A. urophthalmus percentages of standard length (SL), except sub- species group (excluding A. taeniatus and A. rubro- units of the head, which are recorded as percent- lineatus) may be further distinguished from species ages of head length (HL). of the A. limoncochae species group (also including Descriptions of color patterns were based on pho- A. christinae, A. rubrolineatus and A. christinae) by tographs of both sides of live individuals of each males having contact organs on scales on the flanks population taken in small aquaria one day after (vs. absence of contact organs), an oblique trans- collection. Color patterns derived from distribu- verse stripe on the middle of the dorsal fin (vs. ab- tion of melanophores on fins were also observed in sence of such color marking), and by the absence of all preserved specimens. similar light yellow to orange patches on dorsal and In the description, counts of vertebrae and pleural ventral margins of the caudal fin (vs. presence). ribs were taken from cleared and stained (c&s) Costa (2011) raised to generic level the subgenera specimens of two males and two females paratypes, aqua vol. 22 no. 2 - 18 April 2016 70 Dalton Tavares Bressane Nielsen, Arsênio Caldeira Baptista Junior and Leendert van de Berg prepared according to Taylor & Van Dyke (1985) Anablepsoides hoetmeri, n. sp. Table 1. Two times number 16 in Horizontal scales (Figs 1-2; Table I) around caudal peduncle. Frontal squamation fol- lowed Hoedeman (1958) and Costa (2006). For Holotype: ZUEC 12540, 1 male, 47.8 mm SL, vertebral counts, the caudal compounded centrum Brazil, Estado do Acre, Porto Acre, rio Acre, tribu- was counted as a single element. Osteological fea- tary of rio Purus, 9°36’58”S 67°32’43”W; Leen- tures included in the description are those consid- dert Van Den Berg, Jan Willem Hoetmer, Arsênio ered phylogenetically informative in recent studies Caldeira Baptista Junior, 16 May 2013. of the species formerly assigned to the genus Rivu- Paratypes: ZUEC 10788, 4 males 41.4-50.3 mm lus (Costa 2006, 2011).
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