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TADEUSZ KANTOR – CHRONOLOGY 1915 Born on 6 April in Wielopole

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TADEUSZ KANTOR – CHRONOLOGY 1915 Born on 6 April in Wielopole TADEUSZ KANTOR – CHRONOLOGY 1915 Born on 6 April in Wielopole Skrzyńskie, a small town near Ropczyce, over 170 km from Cracow. Spends his childhood looked after by his mother, grandmother and his uncle – a Catholic priest – in a village presbytery. 1924 After his uncle’s death (1921) moves with his mother to Tarnów. Begins his education in a middle secondary school. Becomes fascinated with classical theatre, paints, plays the violin. 1934-1939 Studies painting in the Fine Arts Academy in Cracow. Mainly interested in monumental painting attends stage design classes run by Professor Karol Frycz, a friend of Gordon Craig and an expert at Chinese theatre. Towards the end of his studies joins an all-Poland group of modern painters which also includes some members of the Cracow Group i.e. Maria Jarema, Stanisław Osostowicz, Jonasz Stern, Henryk Wiciński. 1937 Founds a puppet theatre at the Academy and stages The Death of Titan giles by M. Maeterlinck. A year later, together with Wanda Baczyńska translates The Puppet Show by A. Błok. Meets Ania Płockier, a friend of Brunon Schulz 1939-1944 During the War lives in Cracow and organizes the Young Artists Group and the Underground Independent Theatre there. Stages Balladyna by J. Słowacki (1943) and The Return of Odysseus by S. Wyspiański (1944). 1945 After the War his art changes visibly and he becomes interested in the newly-created reality. Starts work as a stage designer in Cracow theatres. Stages The Unworthy and Worthy by Józef Czechowicz at the Rotunda Students’ Theatre and restages The Return of Odysseus in The Old Theatre. Prepares stage designs for T. Czyżewski’s The Death of a Faun and Le Cid by P. Corneille and organizes the exhibition of the Young Artists’ Group in Cracow. 1946 Meets Leon Schiller, an outstanding theatre director, and temporarily moves to Łódź, where Schiller managed The Polish Army Theatre. Organizes the next exhibition of the Young Artists’ Group. His theories on painting, published texts, theatre stage designs and the exhibitions he organizes give rise to an increasing number of polemics and discussions. 1947 During his six-month stay in Paris he gets acquainted with new trends in contemporary painting and shows a lively interest in surrealistic art. On his return he becomes a professor of painting in the Higher School of Fine Arts in Cracow. 1948 In Cracow he organizes a society called The Artists’ Club as well as an all-Poland exhibition of modern art, which evoked an unusually wide response and which focused mainly on Surrealism and abstract art. Takes part in exhibitions of Polish art in Prague and New York. 1949 Finds it increasingly difficult to submit himself to the requirements of “controlled art” (Social Realism) and although still painting, ceases to exhibit his work. Together with Maria Jarema stages and directs P. Neruda’s poem Let the Rail Splitter Awake at an amateur workers’ theatre. 1950 Dismissed from his position at the Higher School of Fine Arts, works as a stage designer at the Słowacki Theatre and then in The Old Theatre in Cracow (until 1961). Continues his cooperation with state theatres until 1963 and only incidentally in the later period. Embarks on his activity with the isolated group of artists in Cracow, which lasts until 1954. 1955 Together with Maria Jarema and Kazimierz Mikulski creates in Cracow an experimental Cricot 2 Theatre where he stages S.I. Witkiewicz’s play – The Cuttlefish (premiere in 1956). The formation of the Cricot 2 Theatre renders it possible to eventually realize his theoretical reflections and ideas from the occupation period. The Cricot 2 Theatre promptly becomes highly-valued in Poland and abroad. Until 1957 the theatre has its headquarters in The Artists’ House (Dom Plastyków) run by the Artists’ Association in Cracow. Participates in the exhibition of nine painters and leaves for Paris for one month. 1956 As a stage designer he transfers his formal experiments onto the official stage floors. Writes theoretical and polemical texts. Individual painting exhibition in Po Prostu Gallery in Warsaw – the first ever demonstration of Informel art in Poland. A short stay in Vienna. 1957 Becomes a co-founder of the Cracow Group 2, of which he was the President several times. Individual painting exhibition inaugurating the activity of the Krzysztofory Gallery in Cracow. Co-organizes the Second Modern Art Exhibition in Warsaw, which was the most significant demonstration of modern art in Poland since 1948. Directs K. Mikulski’s Circus with the Cricot 2 Theatre. 1958 Initiates a lively and continuous involvement with international art. Travels to Sweden and Paris. Individual exhibition at the Samlaren Gallery in Stockholm. Takes part in the exhibition ‘L’art du XXI siècle. Rendez-vous de l’avant-garde internationale’ in Charleroix, Palais des Exposition. Illustrates the first post-war edition of Witold Gombrowicz’s drama Ivona, Princess of Burgundia ( published by Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, Warszawa 1958). The Krzysztofory Gallery in Cracow becomes the new headquarters of the Cricot 2 Theatre (until 1980). Maria Jarema, his life-long friend, passes away in Cracow. 1959 Individual painting exhibitions at the Galerie H. Legendre in Paris and in Kunsthalle in Düsseldorf. Takes part in the international exhibition ‘Documenta 2’ in Kassel. 1960 Individual painting exhibitions at the Saidenberg Gallery in New York and at Gallery 54 in Göteborg. Participates in the thirtieth biennial of art in Venice. Commences rehearsals for the new Cricot 2 performance – In a Little Manor House by S.I. Witkiewicz. 1961 Spends one semester lecturing at the Painting Faculty at Hochschule für Bildende Künste in Hamburg. A longer stay in Germany, Sweden, Italy and France. Individual exhibitions at the Galerie H. Legendre in Paris. Prepares an adaptation of S.I. Witkiewicz’s play In a Little Manor House (premiere 14 January 1961) in Cracow and almost simultaneously the decorations and costumes for Rhinoceros by E. Ionesco (The Old Theatre). Takes part in ’15 Polish painters’ exhibition in New York. 1962 Returns to Cracow in the middle of the year. Prepares the staging and set for J. Massenet’s opera Don Quichotte. 1963 Organizes a great ‘Popular Exhibition’ at the Krzysztofory Gallery, which is one of the first ‘environnement’ projects in Poland. At the same gallery he stages S.I. Witkiewicz’s play Madman and the Nun (premiere on 8 June 1963). Creates his first Emballages. 1964 A journey to Switzerland, Germany and France. Individual painting exhibition at the Alice Pauli Gallery in Lausanne. Participates in the exhibition of Polish painting ‘Profiles IV’ in Bochum. Creates a series of paintings (Collages) with umbrellas. Writes the Emballages Manifesto. The manifestos later develop into the method and platform for all of his subsequent artistic achievements. 1965 Travels to the United States for seven months. Organizes his first Happenings ‘Cricotage’ and ‘The Demarcation Line’ in Warsaw and Cracow. 1966 An extended stay in Germany. In cooperation with German actors in Baden-Baden arranges the performance Der Schrank (The Wardrobe) based on his prior staging of St. I. Witkiewicz’s play In a Little Manor House. Performs in Munich, Heidelberg, Bochum and Essen. Individual exhibitions in Baden-Baden (Staatliche Künsthalle), Paris (Galerie de l’Université), Basel (Galerie Handschin) and in Stockholm (Galerie Pierre). Organizes Happening Le Grand Emballage in Basel. Participates in the Artists and Scientists Symposium in Puławy in Poland, where he performs Emballage - Voyageur. 1967 Presents Happening The Letter at the Foksal Gallery in Warsaw. In Łazy on the Baltic coast presents the Panoramic Sea-Happening in four parts: Sea Concert, The Jellyfish Raft, Le barbouillage erotique and The Agrarian Culture On Sand. Individual exhibitions of ‘Emballages’ in Warsaw (Foksal Gallery) and in Cracow (Krzysztofory Gallery). Participates in 9th Biennial in São Paulo, where he is granted a prize. Stages S.I. Witkiewicz’s play The Water Hen (premiere on April 28) at the Krzysztofory Gallery. Becomes a full-time professor at the Painting Faculty of the Academy of Fine Arts in Cracow (until 1969). 1968 Travels to Germany, France, Yugoslavia and Italy. Participates in the exhibition and symposium ‘Prinzip Collage’ in Nuremberg, where for the purposes of film Kantor Ist Da (directed by Dietrich Mahlow) he also presents Happenings The Anatomy Lesson According to Rembrandt, A Talk with a Rhinoceros and Die Grosse Emballage. Participates in a symposium in Vela Luka and creates ‘Chair-Emballage’. At the Cracow Group exhibition at the Krzysztofory Gallery in Cracow he organizes Happening Hommage a Maria Jarema. Receives the European painting prize ‘Premio Marzotto’. 1969 The first international tournée of the Cricot 2 Theatre. The Water Hen performances shown at the Premio Roma Festival in Rome (Galeria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna), in Modena and Bologna. Dietrich Mahlow shoots the scenes for his film Säcke, Schrank und Schrim (first released in 1972) and T. Kantor prepares several different Happening activities e.g. on the Adriatic coast, at the train station, in Tito’s summer residence. 1970 Interactive exhibition ‘Multipart’ at the Foksal Gallery in Warsaw, an exhibition of painting and theatre objects at the Krzysztofory Gallery in Cracow and the ‘Multipart’ exhibition at the Alice Pauli Gallery in Lausanne. Participates in the world exhibition ‘Happening and Fluxus’ at the Kölnischer Kunstverein in Cologne and in an international exhibition ‘Galeries Pilotes’ in Lausanne and Paris. 1971 Tournée of the Cricot 2 Theatre. Performances of The Water Hen take place in Nancy (International Festival) and at Théâtre 71 in Paris. Creates his Impossible Monument, ‘The Chair’, an object-sculpture 14 metres in height at Henie-Onstad Kunstsenter in Oslo. Individual exhibitions ‘Multipart II’, ‘Conceptual Emballages’, ‘Cambriolage’ at the Foksal Gallery in Warsaw. With part of the Cricot 2 group participates in the 1st Atelier Internationale de Théâtre Experimental in Dourdan near Paris, where he presents Happenings The Laundry and The Anatomy Lesson According to Rembrandt.
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