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Damage Mapping of April 2015 Nepal Earthquake Using Small
J-Rapid Final Workshop 21 June, 2016, Kathmandu Inventory mapping of landslides induced by the Gorkha earthquake 2015 and a proposal for hazard mapping of future landslides for making a plan of better reconstruction "Impact on infrastructure by Gorkha earthquake 2015 induced landslides" Masahiro CHIGIRA Masahiro CHIGIRA Professor, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Professor, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University Kyoto University Vishnu DANGOL Vishnu DANGOL Professor, Department of Geology, Professor, Department of Geology, Tribhuvan University Tribhuvan University Objective 1. to make an inventory mapping on landslides, cracks, and landslide dams induced by the Nepal earthquake and to investigate their formative mechanisms 2. to detect displaced areas of slope surfaces, of which future susceptibility to landslides would be evaluated on the basis of geology, geomorphology, and groundwater conditions. 3. propose a methodology of hazard mapping for earthquake-induced landslides in Nepal. Members (Japan side) 1. Masahiro CHIGIRA (Kyoto Univ.) PI Applied Geology 2. Daisuke HIGAKI (Hirosaki Univ.) Landslide control 3. Hiroshi YAGI (Yamagata Univ.) Landslide susceptibility mapping 4. Akihiko WAKAI (Gunma Univ.) Geotechnical analysis of landslide 5. Hiroshi, P. SATO (Nihon Univ.) Remote sensing 6. Go, SATO (Teikyo Heisei Univ.) Geomorphology 7. Ching-Ying, TSOU (Hirosaki Univ.) GIS analysis 8. Akiyo YATAGAI (Res. Inst. Humanity and Nature) Meteorology Members (Nepali side) 1. Vishnu DANGOL (Tribhuvan Univ.) PI Applied Geology 2. Smajwal BAJRACHARYA (ICIMOD) Remote sensing 3. Shanmukhesh Chandra AMATYA (DWIDP) Hydrogeology 4. Tuk Lal ADHIKARI (ITECO-Nepal) Geotechnical Field survey • Trishuli River catchment from Trishuli to Syabrubesi (29 October to 1 November, 2015) • Sun Kosi and Bhote Kosi River catchments from Bansaghu to Kodari. -
Situation Analysis Nepal Earthquake
Situation Analysis OSOCC Nepal Earthquake Assessment Cell 05.05.2015 SITUATION OVERVIEW The earthquake from 25 April (7.8 magnitude) was followed by a series of aftershocks up to a magnitude of 6.7, mostly to the east of the original epicentre causing further localised damage. As of 4 May, 7,365 people have been killed and more than 14,300 injured. 39 of Nepal’s 75 districts have been affected. Access to remote areas remains a challenge. Initial reports were that up to 90 per cent of the houses in Gorkha and Sindhupalchok districts have been destroyed. UNDAC has established humanitarian hubs in Gorkha and Sindhupalchok. Most affected districts (4 May 2015) Based on estimates of damaged buildings. Analysis using data from: Multi-National Military and Coordination Centre, Ministry of Home Affairs, National Population Census (2011) Priorities for humanitarian intervention (based on consolidated secondary data): Shelter: tarpaulins, tents, blankets, repair tools and other NFIs Food delivery WASH: water supply, sanitation Health: facilities, medicine Access to remote areas Ensuring equitable distribution of relief items Rubble removal CRISIS IMPACT According to the government, the worst affected districts are Bhaktapur, Dhading, Dolakha, Gorkha, Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Lamjung, Rasuwa, Ramechhap, Nuwakot, Sindhupalchok, Makawanpur, and Sindhuli (LCT 02/05/2015). Currently available information indicates that Sindhupalchok, Gorkha and Dhading are the priority districts for assistance. Although Rasuwa has a relatively small population, it is difficult to access and current information indiactesover 80% of the population are affected. While the relief effort is now reaching beyond Kathmandu, access to remote areas remains a key challenge (LCT 02/05/2015). -
All Change at Rasuwa Garhi Sam Cowan [email protected]
Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 33 | Number 1 Article 14 Fall 2013 All Change at Rasuwa Garhi Sam Cowan [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation Cowan, Sam (2013) "All Change at Rasuwa Garhi," Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies: Vol. 33: No. 1, Article 14. Available at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol33/iss1/14 This Research Report is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Research Report | All Change at Rasuwa Garhi Sam Cowan From time immemorial, pilgrims, traders, artisans, and Kyirong to aid the transshipment of goods and to carry religious teachers going to Lhasa from Kathmandu had to out major trading on their own account. Jest records that decide between two main routes. One roughly followed as late as 1959 there were forty five Newar households in the line of the present road to Kodari, crossed the border Kyirong and forty in Kuti (Jest 1993). where Friendship Bridge is built and followed a steep trail The two routes were used for the invasion of Tibet in 1788 to Kuti (Tib. Nyalam). Loads were carried by porters up to and 1791 by the forces of the recently formed Gorkha this point but pack animals were used for the rest of the state under the direction of Bahadur Shah, which led to journey. -
Lemthang Tsho Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF)
Gurung et al. Geoenvironmental Disasters (2017) 4:17 Geoenvironmental Disasters DOI 10.1186/s40677-017-0080-2 RESEARCH Open Access Lemthang Tsho glacial Lake outburst flood (GLOF) in Bhutan: cause and impact Deo Raj Gurung1*, Narendra Raj Khanal1,2, Samjwal Ratna Bajracharya1, Karma Tsering3, Sharad Joshi1, Phuntsho Tshering3,4, Lalit Kumar Chhetri4, Yeshey Lotay5 and Tashi Penjor6 Abstract Background: The Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region being seismically active and sensitive to climate change is prone to glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF). The Lemthang Tsho GLOF breached in the evening of 28 July 2015 innorth-western Bhutan is reminds of the looming threat, and stresses the need to have good risk management plan. The need to understand the physical processes in generating GLOF to is therefore imperative in order to effectively manage the associated risk. The paper therefore assesses the cause and impact of the Lemthang Tsho GLOF event using field and remote sensing data. Results: The collapse of near vertical wall of supraglacial lake triggered by 2 days of incessant rainfall, opened up the englacial conduit resulting in emptying of interconnected supraglacial lakes into Lemthang Tsho. The5.1 magnitude earthquake epicentered 187 km to southeast in the Indian state of Assam in the morning (7:10 am Bhutan Standard Time) of the same day is unlikely to have played any role in triggering the event. The estimated volume of water unleased is 0.37 million m3, with peak discharge estimated to be ranging from 1253 to 1562 m3/s, and velocity of 7.14–7.57 m/s. The impact was minimal and confined up to 30 km downstream from the lake. -
Outburst Floods from Moraine-Dammed Lakes in the Himalayas
Outburst floods from moraine-dammed lakes in the Himalayas Detection, frequency, and hazard Georg Veh Cumulative dissertation submitted for obtaining the degree “Doctor of Natural Sciences” (Dr. rer. nat.) in the research discipline Natural Hazards Institute of Environmental Science and Geography Faculty of Science University of Potsdam submitted on March 26, 2019 defended on August 12, 2019 First supervisor: PD Dr. Ariane Walz Second supervisor: Prof. Oliver Korup, PhD First reviewer: PD Dr. Ariane Walz Second reviewer: Prof. Oliver Korup, PhD Independent reviewer: Prof. Dr. Wilfried Haeberli Published online at the Institutional Repository of the University of Potsdam: https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-43607 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436071 Declaration of Authorship I, Georg Veh, declare that this thesis entitled “Outburst floods from moraine-dammed lakes in the Himalayas: Detection, frequency, and hazard” and the work presented in it are my own. I confirm that: This work was done completely or mainly while in candidature for a research degree at the University of Potsdam. Where any part of this dissertation has previously been submitted for a degree or any other qualification at the University of Potsdam, or any other institution, this has been clearly stated. Where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly attributed. Where I have quoted the work of others, the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations, this thesis is entirely my own work. I have acknowledged all main sources of help. Where the thesis is based on work done by myself jointly with others, I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself. -
Study on Kodari Scheme of Rikaze-Kathmandu Railway
2017 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment Protection (ICSEEP 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-464-6 Study on Kodari Scheme of Rikaze-Kathmandu Railway Location Yaoping ZHANG1,a 1Institute of Vacuum Tube Transport, Xijing University, Xi’an 710123, China a [email protected] Keywords: Rikaze, Kathmandu, Railway location, Rack rail, Linear motor, Himalaya tunnel Abstract: Building Rikaze-Kathmandu Railway will change the broken road situation of Lasa-Rikaze Railway, activate the potential of Qingzang Railway, have Tibet as well as Lasa and Rikaze become the node of south Asia channel of “One Belt and One Road”, strengthen commercial trade and bilateral relations between China and Nepal. It is the shortest route for Rikaze-Kathmandu railway to go through Zhangmu port. By primary analysis, the feasible route should extend from the current Rikaze railway station, going through Qumei county, entering into the current G318 highway belt, then going through Jiding, Liuxiang and Resa, arriving Lazi. The route extends from Lazi, then goes through Jiacuola mountain by tunnel with 45km length, going through Jiacuo county and arriving Dingri. After Dingri, the route extends to west along with Pengqu river valley, going through Zhaguo, then arriving Gangga. Extending to southwest from Gangga, the route goes under Labujikang peak by a 42km tunnel, then arriving Yalai, then Nielamu and Zhangmu. The nature gradient between Nielamu and Zhangmu is 110‰, line mileage 20km, thus the rack rail technology or the linear motor driving should be considered for train to climb the steep slope more than 110‰. Another possible scheme is to build an 88km tunnel with a 28‰ gradient between Gangga and Zhangmu for going under Himalaya, so as to avoid the 110‰ steep slope between Nielamu-Zhangmu. -
2.3 Nepal Road Network
2.3 Nepal Road Network Overview Primary Roads in Nepal Major Road Construction Projects Distance Matrix Road Security Weighbridges and Axle Load Limits Road Class and Surface Conditions Province 1 Province 2 Bagmati Province Gandaki Province Province 5 Karnali Province Sudurpashchim Province Overview Roads are the predominant mode of transport in Nepal. Road network of Nepal is categorized into the strategic road network (SRN), which comprises of highways and feeder roads, and the local road network (LRN), comprising of district roads and Urban roads. Nepal’s road network consists of about 64,500 km of roads. Of these, about 13,500 km belong to the SRN, the core network of national highways and feeder roads connecting district headquarters. (Picture : Nepal Road Standard 2070) The network density is low, at 14 kms per 100 km2 and 0.9 km per 1,000 people. 60% of the road network is concentrated in the lowland (Terai) areas. A Department of Roads (DoR’s) survey shows that 50% of the population of the hill areas still must walk two hours to reach an SRN road. Two of the 77 district headquarters, namely Humla, and Dolpa are yet to be connected to the SRN. Page 1 (Source: Sector Assessment [Summary]: Road Transport) Primary Roads in Nepal S. Rd. Name of Highway Length Node Feature Remarks N. Ref. (km) No. Start Point End Point 1 H01 Mahendra Highway 1027.67 Mechi Bridge, Jhapa Gadda chowki Border, East to West of Country Border Kanchanpur 2 H02 Tribhuvan Highway 159.66 Tribhuvan Statue, Sirsiya Bridge, Birgunj Connects biggest Customs to Capital Tripureshwor Border 3 H03 Arniko Highway 112.83 Maitighar Junction, KTM Friendship Bridge, Connects Chinese border to Capital Kodari Border 4 H04 Prithvi Highway 173.43 Naubise (TRP) Prithvi Chowk, Pokhara Connects Province 3 to Province 4 5 H05 Narayanghat - Mugling 36.16 Pulchowk, Naryanghat Mugling Naryanghat to Mugling Highway (PRM) 6 H06 Dhulikhel Sindhuli 198 Bhittamod border, Dhulikhel (ARM) 135.94 Km. -
China Shaping Tibet for Strategic Leverage
MANEKSHAW PAPER No. 70, 2018 China Shaping Tibet for Strategic Leverage Praggya Surana D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V KNOWLEDGE WORLD Centre for Land Warfare Studies KW Publishers Pvt Ltd New Delhi New Delhi Editorial Team Editor-in-Chief : Lt Gen Balraj Nagal ISSN 23939729 D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V Centre for Land Warfare Studies RPSO Complex, Parade Road, Delhi Cantt, New Delhi 110010 Phone: +91.11.25691308 Fax: +91.11.25692347 email: [email protected] website: www.claws.in CLAWS Army No. 33098 The Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, is an autonomous think-tank dealing with national security and conceptual aspects of land warfare, including conventional and sub-conventional conflicts and terrorism. CLAWS conducts research that is futuristic in outlook and policy-oriented in approach. © 2018, Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi Disclaimer: The contents of this paper are based on the analysis of materials accessed from open sources and are the personal views of the author. The contents, therefore, may not be quoted or cited as representing the views or policy of the Government of India, or Integrated Headquarters of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) (Army), or the Centre for Land Warfare Studies. KNOWLEDGE WORLD www.kwpub.com Published in India by Kalpana Shukla KW Publishers Pvt Ltd 4676/21, First Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002 Phone: +91 11 23263498 / 43528107 email: [email protected] l www.kwpub.com Contents Introduction 1 1. -
The Proposed Nepal-China Trans-Border Railway in Nepal's
The proposed Nepal-China trans-border railway in Nepal’s collective imagination Krishna P. Pandey Vol. 7, pp. 82–97 | ISSN 2050-487X | www.southasianist.ed.ac.uk 2020 | The South Asianist 7: 82-97 | pg. 82 Vol. 7, pp. 82-97 The proposed Nepal-China trans-border railway in Nepal’s collective imagination KRISHNA P. PANDEY Purbanchal University Nepal-China relations have been amicable since the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1955. Consequently, the image of China in Nepal’s collective imagination has remained positive. This imagination reached new heights when China welcomed the promulgation of Nepal's new constitution in September 2015, while India, opposed to the promulgation, imposed an embargo. The Indian embargo not only undermined Nepali sovereignty by disapproving of the contents of the new constitution, but also compelled Nepal to think about lessening its dependency on India. The most obvious route was to expand trans-border connectivity with China. In March 2016, Nepal and China inked a ‘historic’ trade deal aiming to expand trans-border connectivity including a much-hyped trans-border railway link. Drawing broad public support, the deal had the effect of revitalising Nepali aspirations of coming out of an ‘India-locked’ trade and transit. This article examines opposing voices regarding the significance of this shift. On the one hand, there are those that embrace expansion of Nepal-China cross-border railway connectivity. Here, hopes are that railway connectivity will shift Nepal’s destiny away from dependence on India. On the other hand, many are wary that such a project is unaffordable, technically difficult, and most importantly, it plays into China’s interests in South Asian sub-regional geopolitics. -
Detail Itinerary
Detail Itinerary Overland Lhasa tour is one of the journeys that include ethnic fineries of Lhasa to the uppermost base factor in the world. Further, you'll be approved with the opportunity to visit the ancient monastic metropolis of Gyantse, Turquoise Lake, YandrukTso and Shigatse (Tibet’s second biggest town). And visit Everest base campTibet as well. The tour calls can be given Kathmandu Lhasa excursion as well. Our excursion starts from Kathmandu with four hours scenic drive to Kodari. once we are completed with paperwork at the border of Nepal and China, we keep our path to Nyalam. After attaining Nyalam, we're going to spend our night time on the motel with neighborhood people around there. Early in the morning, we are able to be heading to Tingri. it's miles one of the places that assist you to set your eyes on the largest mountain in the international, Mount Everest. On our manner, we can be journeying the Milarepa Cave and different historic places. you could either spend a night time there on the camp or preserve the trail to Shigatse. Shigatse is one of the historical villages of Tibet that can help you accommodate yourselves with distinct Tibetan culture and tradition. On our manner to Shigatse, we will be traveling the most important monasteries in Tibet, The Sakya Monastery. The subsequent location we can be visiting is Gyantse. there are numerous places in Gyantse together with PalkorChode Monastery, Khumbu, GyantseDzong and much extra. The high area we take into account in Gyantse is Dzong. The relaxation of our trek, we can be spending in Lhasa; places like Jokhang Temple, Barkhor Bazaar, Potala Palace, Drepung Monastery, Sera Monastery, Norbulingka Palace and distinctive architecture and historical websites. -
Sino- Nepalese Engagements in the Himalayan Borderland
No. 53 March 2018 Sino- Nepalese Engagements in the Himalayan Borderland Diki Sherpa Research Assistant, Institute of Chinese Studies [email protected] In the Nepalese Himalayan borderland, the Infrastructure – Is it a Prime recent flurry of infrastructure building signifies Mover for a Nation’s the amalgamation of two ambitious plans – Development? Nepal’s state building through technological advancement and China’s massive ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI). Of the two, Chinese Nepal shares a 1,414 kilometres-long priorities dominate. Major infrastructural international border with the Tibet projects that are currently under way in the Autonomous Region (TAR) of China. The Nepalese Himalayas backed by Chinese capital border touches 14 of Nepal’s 77 districts are often touted as ‘Gifts’ (The Kathmandu namely, Taplejung, Sankhuwasabha, Post 2015). Solukhumbu, Dolkha, Sindhupalchowk, Rasuwa, Manang, Mustang, Dolpa, Mugu, Among its many gifts, highways to facilitate Humla, Bajhang, and Darchula. physical connectivity across the China-Nepal border have resulted in a re-routing of earlier On the China side, the border is shared by trade passages. Following the 2015 Nepal seven TAR counties namely: Tingkey, Tingri, earthquake, building, re-building, re-opening Naylam, Kyirong, Saga, Drongpa, and Purang. border points and re-routing of trans-Himalaya Out of half a dozen traditional points of entry trade routes have become the main points of — Kodari-Zhangmu(Nyalam), Rasuwa- convergence for the two countries. This paper Kyirong, Yari(Humla)-Purang, Olangchung assesses the competitive geopolitical interests Gola-Riwu, Nechung(Mustang)-Likse, and that have thus converged and been advanced by Chenthang-Kemathanka — the three border infrastructure building in the Nepalese trading ports at Kodari-Zhangmu, Rasuwa- Himalayan borderland. -
Nepal Trekking & the Great Himalaya Trail First Edition 2011, This Third Edition 2020
Nepal-3 p1-28 colour-Q9_Prelims Template 2/20/20 4:17 PM Page 1 ROBIN BOUSTEAD (far right) first fell in love with the Himalaya in 1993 and has returned every year since. With a group of friends he conceived the idea of the most challenging trek in the world along a route encompassing the entire Himalaya from end to end. This became known as the Great Himalaya Trail (GHT). Robin began researching new trekking routes that link each of the himals in 2002. On his first full traverse of the GHT, an epic jour- ney of six months over two seasons, he lost over 20% of his body weight. He has now completed high traverses of the Indian, Bhutanese and Nepal Himalayan ranges as well as dozens of shorter treks. Author Nepal-3 p1-28 colour-Q9_Prelims Template 2/24/20 9:17 AM Page 2 Nepal Trekking & The Great Himalaya Trail First edition 2011, this third edition 2020 Publisher Trailblazer Publications : trailblazer-guides.com The Old Manse, Tower Rd, Hindhead, Surrey, GU26 6SU, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-912716-16-6 © Robin Boustead 2020 Text and photographs (unless otherwise credited) © Himalaya Map House & Robin Boustead 2020 Colour mapping © Trailblazer Publications 2020 B&W mapping Editor: Daniel McCrohan Series editor: Bryn Thomas Typesetting & layout: Daniel McCrohan Proofreading: Henry Stedman Colour cartography: Himalaya Map House (HMH) B&W cartography: Nick Hill Index: Daniel McCrohan Photographs: © Robin Boustead unless otherwise credited All rights reserved.