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Ammianus Marcellinus and the Rex Alamannorum Vadomarius
AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS AND THE REX ALAMANNORUM VADOMARIUS by DAVID WOODS The Res Gestae of Ammianus Marcellinus provides our only detailed account of the correspondence between the rex Alamannorum Vado- marius and the emperor Constantius II (337-61) which resulted in the arrest and apparent exile of Vadomarius in early 361. 1) According to Ammianus, Constantius secretly wrote to Vadomarius instruct- ing him to launch some occasional raids on the neighbouring Roman districts across the Rhine in order to keep the western usurper Julian occupied in defence of Gaul and distract him from any advance eastwards against Constantius himself, or so it was rumoured (21.3.4). Vadomarius apparently complied, but a messenger whom he sent to Constantius was captured by soldiers loyal to Julian, and the let- ter carried by this messenger revealed to Julian that Vadomarius could not be trusted (21.3.5). For this reason, Julian gave some sealed instructions to the notarius Philagrius whom he was sending on business to that region anyway, and told him that he was only to open these instructions if he came across Vadomarius on the Roman side of the Rhine (21.4.1-2). Hence when Philagrius met Vadomarius at a banquet held by the local military commander, he excused himself, returned to his quarters and read these instruc- tions (21.4.3-4). He then took his place at the feast once more, and awaited its end before arresting Vadomarius, and revealing Julian’s instructions to the local commander. Finally, Vadomarius was des- patched to appear before Julian himself, who then sent him to Spain (21.4.6). -
The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great
Graeco-Latina Brunensia 24 / 2019 / 2 https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2019-2-2 The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great Stanislav Doležal (University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice) Abstract The article argues that Constantine the Great, until he was recognized by Galerius, the senior ČLÁNKY / ARTICLES Emperor of the Tetrarchy, was an usurper with no right to the imperial power, nothwithstand- ing his claim that his father, the Emperor Constantius I, conferred upon him the imperial title before he died. Tetrarchic principles, envisaged by Diocletian, were specifically put in place to supersede and override blood kinship. Constantine’s accession to power started as a military coup in which a military unit composed of barbarian soldiers seems to have played an impor- tant role. Keywords Constantine the Great; Roman emperor; usurpation; tetrarchy 19 Stanislav Doležal The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great On 25 July 306 at York, the Roman Emperor Constantius I died peacefully in his bed. On the same day, a new Emperor was made – his eldest son Constantine who had been present at his father’s deathbed. What exactly happened on that day? Britain, a remote province (actually several provinces)1 on the edge of the Roman Empire, had a tendency to defect from the central government. It produced several usurpers in the past.2 Was Constantine one of them? What gave him the right to be an Emperor in the first place? It can be argued that the political system that was still valid in 306, today known as the Tetrarchy, made any such seizure of power illegal. -
Etudes Tardo-Antiques Revue Des Etudes Tardo-Antiques (Ret)
RREEVVUUEE DDEESS EETTUUDDEESS TTAARRDDOO--AANNTTIIQQUUEESS Histoire, textes, traductions, analyses, sources et prolongements de l’Antiquité Tardive (RET) publiée par l’Association « Textes pour l’Histoire de l’Antiquité Tardive » (THAT) ANNEE ET TOME III 2013-2014 REVUE DES ETUDES TARDO-ANTIQUES REVUE DES ETUDES TARDO-ANTIQUES (RET) fondée par E. Amato et †P.-L. Malosse COMITE SCIENTIFIQUE INTERNATIONAL Nicole Belayche (École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris), Giovanni de Bonfils (Università di Ba- ri), Aldo Corcella (Università della Basilicata), Raffaella Cribiore (New York University), Kristoffel Demoen (Universiteit Gent), Elizabeth DePalma Digeser (University of California), Leah Di Segni (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem), José Antonio Fernández Delgado (Universidad de Salaman- ca), Jean-Luc Fournet (École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris), Geoffrey Greatrex (University of Ottawa), Malcom Heath (University of Leeds), Peter Heather (King’s College London), Philippe Hoffmann (École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris), Enrico V. Maltese (Università di Torino), Arnaldo Marcone (Università di Roma 3), Mischa Meier (Universität Tübingen), Laura Miguélez- Cavero (Universidad de Salamanca), Claudio Moreschini (Università di Pisa), Robert J. Penella (Fordham University of New York), Lorenzo Perrone (Università di Bologna), Claudia Rapp (Uni- versität Wien), Francesca Reduzzi (Università di Napoli « Federico II »), Jacques-Hubert Sautel (Institut de Recherche et d’Histoire des Textes, Paris), Claudia Schindler (Universität Hamburg), Antonio -
The Experiences and Education of the Emperor Julian and How It
COMPANION TO THE GODS, FRIEND TO THE EMPIRE: THE EXPERIENCES AND EDUCATION OF THE EMPEROR JULIAN AND HOW IT INFLUE NCED HIS REIGN Marshall Lilly Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS August 2014 APPROVED: Christopher Fuhrmann, Major Professor Laura Stern, Committee Member Robert Citino, Committee Member Richard McCaslin, Chair of the Department of History Mark Wardell, Dean of the Toulouse Graduate School Lilly, Marshall. Companion to the Gods, Friend to the Empire: The Experiences and Education of the Emperor Julian and How It Influenced His Reign 361-363 A.D. Master of Arts (History), August 2014, 108 pp., bibliography, 114 titles. This thesis explores the life and reign of Julian the Apostate the man who ruled over the Roman Empire from A.D. 361-363. The study of Julian the Apostate’s reign has historically been eclipsed due to his clash with Christianity. After the murder of his family in 337 by his Christian cousin Constantius, Julian was sent into exile. These emotional experiences would impact his view of the Christian religion for the remainder of his life. Julian did have conflict with the Christians but his main goal in the end was the revival of ancient paganism and the restoration of the Empire back to her glory. The purpose of this study is to trace the education and experiences that Julian had undergone and the effects they it had on his reign. Julian was able to have both a Christian and pagan education that would have a lifelong influence on his reign. -
Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2013 Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E. Thomas Christopher Lawrence [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Lawrence, Thomas Christopher, "Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2013. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1751 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Thomas Christopher Lawrence entitled "Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Michael E. Kulikowski, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Christine Shepardson, Maura Lafferty, Thomas Burman Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E. -
Eunapius and Zosimus on the Decline of Rome Eunapius and the Idea of the Decline of the Roman Empire in Zosimus
-1 l' . EUNAPIUS AND ZOSIMUS ON THE DECLINE OF ROME EUNAPIUS AND THE IDEA OF THE DECLINE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN ZOSIMUS By JAMES DAVID FITTON A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy McMaster University DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY MCMASTER-UNIVERSITY (History) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: Eunapius and the Idea of the Decline of the Roman Empire in Zosimus AUTHOR: James David Fitton, B.A., M.A., (Sydney) SUPERVISOR: Dr. E. Wightman NUMBER OF PAGES: ix, 176 .ii ABSTRACT Although Zosimus is recognised as a generally servile epitomator, it has in the past been customary to regard his statements about the baneful influence of Christianity upon the Empire•s fortunes as representing his own considered opinions. This dissertation attempts to show that zosimus copied these ideas directly from his main source, Eunapius, modifying them only in very minor ways. The first chapter consists in a detailed comparison of the remaining fragments of Eunapius• History with zosimus. It is shown that in many places zosimus made only very slight changes in his epitome which were due to the need to condense his source or to his own very different taste in style. He was prone to abridge or omit especially rhetorical or reflec tive passages and those involving character portrayal. Some minor interpolations he introduced were due either to ignorance on his part or to a consciousness of the changes which the Empire had undergone since the time when his source wrote. The chapter concludes with a study of passages which seem to indicate a major divergence from Eunapius. -
Julian the Apostate
JULIAN THE APOSTATE JULIAN THE APOSTATE BY GAETANO NEGRI TRANSLATED FROM THE SECOND ITALIAN EDITION BY THE DUCHESS LITTA-VISCONTI-ARESE WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY PROFESSOR p ASQU ALE VILLARI ILLUS'/'RA'I'ED VOL.I. LONDON T. FISH E R UN WI N PATERNOSTER SQUARE MCMV All li'ights Reserved CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION BY PROFESSOR VILLARI vii PREFACE , xix THE BusT OF AcERENZA xxvii INTRODUCTION Julian the Apostate-The Church and Julian Ammianus Marcellinus - Libanius - Gregory Nazianzen-Libanius and Gregory-The Writings of Julian - Eunapius - Other Documents - Socrates and Sozomenes - Modern Critics An Historical Phenomenon. THE LIFE OF JULIAN 25 Childhood and youth-Julian at Constantinople and Nicomedia-Murder of Gallus-Julian in Milan, and, later, in Athens-Return to Milan-Julian elected Cresar-Julian in Gaul-The Military Re volution-The Civil War-Julian on the Danube - Julian, Emperor in Constantinople-Julian in Antioch-Julian in Persia-Death of Julian. THE DISCORD AMONG THE CHRISTIANS • I 43 Constantine-Initial Dissensions-Arius-Athana sius -The Victory of Orthodoxy-Corruption of the Church-Monachal Asceticism-Apparent Conversion of Society. V vi CONTENTS PAGE: NEO-PLATONISM 186 Essence ofN eo-Platonism-Origins of N eo-Platonism Plotinus and Porphyry-The Teachers of Julian. JULIAN'S ATTITUDE 222 Julian's Philosophy-The King Sun-The "Mother of the Gods "-The Discourse against Heraclius and Divine Symbolism-The "Treatise against the Christians "-Celsus and Julian-Christian ised polytheism, and the "Pastorals " of Julian. ILLUSTRATIONS JULIAN. AFTER THE BUST' ON ACERENZA CATHEDRAL Frontispiece CoIN OF JULIAN • Corn OF CoNSTANTIUS GALLUS } F,dng pag, ,5 Corn OF HELENA, WIFE OF JULIAN COIN OF CoNSTANTIUs II THE COLONNADE OF S. -
ANEJO VII 2016 BEGINNING and END Álvaro Sánchez-Ostiz (Ed.)
ANEJO VII 2016 BEGINNING AND END FROM AMMIANUS MARCELLinUS TO EUSEBIUS OF CAESAREA Álvaro Sánchez-Ostiz (ed.) BEGINNING AND END CONTENTS ACKNOWLedgeMENTS ....................................................................................................... 5 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS ................................................................................................ 9 ABSTRACTS AND KEYWORDS / RESÚMENES Y PALABRAS CLave ....................................15 ABBREVIATionS ................................................................................................................31 Álvaro Sánchez-Ostiz, José B. Torres Guerra AMMIANUS, EUSEBIUS AND 4TH-CENTURY HISTORiogRAPHY: FROM DUSK TO DAWN? ...................................................................................................... 35 Andrew Louth EUSEBIUS AS APOLOGIST AND CHURCH HISTORIAN .............................................. 47 José B. Torres Guerra DOCUMENTS, LETTERS AND CANONS in EUSEBIUS OF CAESAREA’S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY ...................................................................................... 61 Jan R. Stenger PALESTine AS A PALIMPSEST: EUSEBIUS’ CONSTRUCTion OF MEMORIAL SPACE in THE ONOMASTICON ................................................................................. 83 Pablo M. Edo CITing OR DOCTORing THE SOURCES? SERAPion AND THE GOSPEL OF PETER in EUSEBIUS’S HISTORIA ECCLESIASTICA ..............................................107 Jerónimo Leal LAS LISTAS DE OBISPOS DE ROMA Y ANTioQUÍA EN LA HISTORIA ECLESIÁSTICA DE EUSebio -
German Historical Institute London Bulletin Vol 26 (2004), No. 1
German Historical Institute London Bulletin Volume XXVI, No. 1 May 2004 CONTENTS Seminars 3 Article The Birth of the Monarchy out of Violent Death: Transformations in Kingship from late Antiquity to the Tenth Century (Joachim Ehlers) 5 Review Articles Gustav Stresemann: New Literature on the Saxon Syndic and Weimar Politician (Karl Heinrich Pohl) 35 Football, the Nazis, and Vergangenheitsbewältigung (Christoph Hendrik Müller) 63 Book Reviews Ulf Dirlmeier, Gerhard Fouquet, and Bernd Fuhrmann, Europa im Spätmittelalter 1215–1378 (Karsten Plöger) 79 William W. Hagen, Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840 (Michael Kaiser) 82 Andreas Gotzmann, Rainer Liedtke, and Till van Rahden (eds.), Juden, Bürger, Deutsche: Zur Geschichte von Vielfalt und Differenz 1800–1933 (Helmut Berding) 92 Marc Schalenberg, Humboldt auf Reisen? Die Rezeption des ‘deutschen Universitätsmodells’ in den französischen und britischen Reformdiskursen (1810–1870) (Jan-Werner Müller) 99 (cont.) Contents Frank Lorenz Müller, Britain and the German Question: Perceptions of Nationalism and Political Reform, 1830–63 (Markus Mößlang) 104 Philip S. Zachernuk, Colonial Subjects: An African Intelligentsia and Atlantic Ideas (Andreas Eckert) 111 Richard Steigmann-Gall, The Holy Reich: Nazi Conceptions of Christianity, 1919–1945 (Lothar Kettenacker) 116 Claudia Kaiser, Gewerkschaften, Arbeitslosigkeit und politische Stabilität: Deutschland und Großbritannien in der Weltwirt- schaftskrise seit 1929 (Matthias Reiss) 121 Conference Reports Unity and Diversity -
Bestandthcile Und Entstehung Dr. Andreas Büchner
deutschen V ölker - \ e r e i n e , ihre Bestandthcile und Entstehung vom Anfang des dritten Jahrhunderts bis zu Ende des sechsten, Nach gleichzeitigen Schriftstellern bearbeitet v o n Dr. Andreas Büchner. Beigefügt sind als Documente : 1) aus gleichzeitigen Schriftstellern gezogene Verzeichnisse der in jedem der vorgenannten Jahrhunderte vorkommenden Völker*chaften: 2) Segmenta ex Anonymi Ravennatis Geographia. Abhandlungen d. Ill CI. d. Alt d. Wiss. IV. Bd. Abth. 1. 1 Die deutschen Völker - Vereine ih re Bestandtlieile und Entstehung vom Anfang des dritten Jahrhunderts bis zu Ende des sechsten, nach gleichzeitigen Schrittstellern bearbeitet. • • Einleitung. §. 1. Verzeichnisse der Bewohner Deutschlands im ersten nnd zweiten Jahrhundert n. Chr. haben uns Strabo, Plinins, Tacitus, Cäsar, Mela, vor allen aber der vorzüglichste unter den alten Er- debeschreibern, Ptoleinäns geliefert. Sie schrieben ihre W erke ira ersten und zweiten Jahrhundert, und machen 160 bis 170 Völker schaften namhaft, wovon 105 iu Germania magna, die ändern im römischen Germania soperior und inferior, in llhätien, Vindelicien, in Noriknin und Oberpannonien wohnten.*) t • * ,* • * • * * l; J ' i I ’ l ,, \ n •) Aus des CI. Ptolemäas Germanien, Rhätien, Vindelicien, Norikum, * * ' ' i 4 | | • J Oberpannonien- Ober- und Nieder-Gemianien. Herausgegeben von Dr. 1 * IID i Am Ende des sechsten Jahrhunderts treffen wir in diesen näm lichen Ländern nur noch die Namen von sechs Völkerschaften an, nämlich Alemannen (Schwaben), Franken, Bayern, Sachsen, Thürin ger und Friesen.*) • * W o sind die ändern 150— 160 hingekommen? Sind sie ans- gewandert, oder sind sie von den übriggebliebenen erschlagen / t * # • • « worden', oder sind sie von denselben unterjocht worden, und ha ben die Namen der Ueberwinder annehmen müssen: oder haben sie sich freiwillig mit einander vereiniget, und vorstehende gemeinschaft liche Namen angenommen? A. -
Pourquoi Les Alamans Ont Échoué Face Aux Francs
Revue d’Alsace 136 | 2010 Varia Pourquoi les Alamans ont échoué face aux Francs Dieter Geuenich Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/alsace/87 DOI : 10.4000/alsace.87 ISSN : 2260-2941 Éditeur Fédération des Sociétés d'Histoire et d'Archéologie d'Alsace Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 octobre 2010 Pagination : 33-45 ISSN : 0181-0448 Référence électronique Dieter Geuenich, « Pourquoi les Alamans ont échoué face aux Francs », Revue d’Alsace [En ligne], 136 | 2010, mis en ligne le 01 octobre 2013, consulté le 03 mai 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/alsace/87 ; DOI : 10.4000/alsace.87 Tous droits réservés Dieter GEUENICH Pourquoi les Alamans ont échoué face aux Francs Le fait que l’ethnogenèse et l’histoire primitive du peuple des Francs et celui des Alamans se soient déroulées de façon semblable est connu . Les deux peuples ne sont cités ni dans César ni dans Tacite et n’apparaissent dans les sources qu’au IIIe siècle inissant sous la dénomination apparemment nouvelle de Franci en 289 et d’Alamani en 29 dans l’un des panégyriques de l’Empereur Maximien 2. La recherche récente en a conclu qu’il s’agissait là de dénominations collectives qui désignaient au IIIe siècle seulement des peuples qui n’avaient été connus jusque là que sous des noms spéciiques. Les auteurs romains qui sont les seuls à rendre compte de l’histoire primitive des deux peuples semblent avoir désigné sous le nom de Franci tous les habitants du Rhin inférieur et d’Alamani ceux du Rhin supérieur. Sous ce nom collectif apparaissent des groupements francs particuliers, tels les Bructères, les Chamaves, les Chauques, et plus tard encore les Francs saliens et les Francs ripuaires. -
Virgil Society Book 2.Qxd.Qxd
Proceedings o f the Virgil Society 25 (2004) 147-160 Copyright 2004 The Eminent Bard and the Soldierly Greek: Refractions between Virgil and Ammianus A paper given to the Virgil Society on 25 October 2003 mmianus cites Virgil on three occasions. At 15.9.1 he quotes from the Aeneid, the work of Mantuanus uates excelsus, on the strength of which aficionados of the biographical Afallacy may conclude that Virgil was unusually tall. In 17.4.5, an allusion to Gallus in the Eclogues, the poet is simply named as Vergilius. But at 19.9.7, another quotation from the Aeneid, Virgil is eminentissimus uates. As I have noted elsewhere,1 Ammianus' conception of how to deal with foreigners is firmly based on Virgil's immortal formulation of Rome's imperial mission: tu regere imperio populos, Romane, memento / (hae tibi erunt artes) pacique imponere morem, / parcere subiectis et debellare superbos (Aen.6.851-3). What exactly Virgil meant by these words is not immediately obvious: the word order might suggest that Rome should come in peace and resort to war only if friendly overtures are spurned. But that was certainly not the view of Horace in the Carmen Saeculare: bellante prior iacentem / lenis in hostem (‘superior in war, gentle towards a defeated enemy') (CS 51-2). I shall first examine the patterns of behaviour to be observed in Ammianus, who clearly agreed with Horace, then return to Virgil's own usage in the Aeneid. 147 T he P r o c e e d in g s o f t h e V ir g il S o c ie t y v o l u m e x x v 2 0 0 4 I For Ammianus the standard scenario is as follows.