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(And Potential) Language and Linguistic Resources on South Asian Languages
CoRSAL Symposium, University of North Texas, November 17, 2017 Existing (and Potential) Language and Linguistic Resources on South Asian Languages Elena Bashir, The University of Chicago Resources or published lists outside of South Asia Digital Dictionaries of South Asia in Digital South Asia Library (dsal), at the University of Chicago. http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/ . Some, mostly older, not under copyright dictionaries. No corpora. Digital Media Archive at University of Chicago https://dma.uchicago.edu/about/about-digital-media-archive Hock & Bashir (eds.) 2016 appendix. Lists 9 electronic corpora, 6 of which are on Sanskrit. The 3 non-Sanskrit entries are: (1) the EMILLE corpus, (2) the Nepali national corpus, and (3) the LDC-IL — Linguistic Data Consortium for Indian Languages Focus on Pakistan Urdu Most work has been done on Urdu, prioritized at government institutions like the Center for Language Engineering at the University of Engineering and Technology in Lahore (CLE). Text corpora: http://cle.org.pk/clestore/index.htm (largest is a 1 million word Urdu corpus from the Urdu Digest. Work on Essential Urdu Linguistic Resources: http://www.cle.org.pk/eulr/ Tagset for Urdu corpus: http://cle.org.pk/Publication/papers/2014/The%20CLE%20Urdu%20POS%20Tagset.pdf Urdu OCR: http://cle.org.pk/clestore/urduocr.htm Sindhi Sindhi is the medium of education in some schools in Sindh Has more institutional backing and consequent research than other languages, especially Panjabi. Sindhi-English dictionary developed jointly by Jennifer Cole at the University of Illinois Urbana- Champaign and Sarmad Hussain at CLE (http://182.180.102.251:8081/sed1/homepage.aspx). -
Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
MR. SHOAIB ISMAIL MANGRORIA “Premier” of Pakistan the MEMON | ISSUE 04.1 INTRODUCTION
ISSUE 04.1 | JULY 2015 THETHE MEMONMEMONWORLD MEMON ORGANISATION NEWSLETTER WMO RAMADAN EDITION Serving Mankind RAMADAN KAREEM Middle East Chapter - iftar camp 13TH AGM - COLOMBO Welcome to WMO MR. SHOAIB ISMAIL MANGRORIA “Premier” Of Pakistan THE MEMON | ISSUE 04.1 INTRODUCTION THETHE MEMONMEMON INTRODUCTION World Memon Organisation - Serving Mankind I stood undaunted during the Gujarat I am getting together a group of young- riots and rehabilitated my aicted sters in the Big Apple to do community brothers and sisters. I walked in neck work. I organise events to promote deep waters to build homes for flood brotherhood and sports every month in victims in Sindh. I drove to shelters in Dubai. I ran the Mumbai marathon to Durban with medical supplies to treat fund a worthy cause. the injured in the Xenophobic attacks. I am the youth wing of WMO. I am a member of WMO. We are the future of Mankind. We uplift mankind I was knighted by the Queen of I build homes. I educate children. I England for my extensive charitable provide a brighter future and make this work. I was awarded the “Presidential world a better place. Order of Meritorious Service” by the President of the Republic of Botswana I donate to WMO. for my exceptional generosity and We uphold Mankind. philanthropy. I was honoured by the Premier of Pakistan for my dedication I sent blankets to shivering children in and passion towards community work. the winter of war torn Syria. I collected funds for relief packages to be delivered I am WMO. in flood ravaged Malawi. -
Finite State Morphology and Sindhi Noun Inflections
PACLIC 24 Proceedings 669 Finite State Morphology and Sindhi Noun Inflections Mutee U Rahman, Mohammad Iqbal Bhatti Department of Computer Science, Isra University, Hala Road, Hyderabad Sindh 71000, Pakistan [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. Sindhi is a morphologically rich language. Morphological construction include inflections and derivations. Sindhi morphology becomes more complex due to primary and secondary word types which are further divided into simple, complex and compound words. Sindhi nouns are marked by number gender and case. Finite state transducers (FSTs) quite reasonably represent the inflectional morphology of Sindhi nouns. The paper investigates Sindhi noun inflection rules and defines equivalent computational rules to be used by FSTs; corresponding FSTs are also given. Keywords. Sindhi, morphology, noun inflections, two-level morphology, finite state morphology. 1 Introduction Morphology deals with word formation rules in a language. Word structures of a language are defined by its morphological constructions. Morphology defines that how smaller meaning bearing units called morphemes are combined to make larger meaning bearing units of a language called words. Morphology also deals with word formation by variations in already existing words. The morphological changes are mostly done by suffix addition, subtraction and replacement phenomenon. In few words morphology can be defined as syntax of word formation. Models for computational analysis of morphology always remained challenge for computational linguists until early 1980’s when 4Ks* discovered the two level morphology (Kaplan, R. M. and M. Kay. 1981) the first general model for morphologically complex languages. This two level morphology represents a word at lexical level and surface level. Morphotactics or morpheme ordering model is used in between these two levels to incorporate morphological changes. -
Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai Chair University of Karachi
KALACHI RESEARCH JOURNAL Vol. 24 - Issue 1st June 2021 Kalachi Research Journal ISSN Print: 2219-5912 ISSN Online: 2521-9340 Editor : Prof. M. Saleem Memon Sub-Editors : Habibullah Jakhro Sikander Ali Bhand Muhammad Riaz Baloch Editor Published by : Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai Chair, Prof. M. Saleem Memon University of Karachi. Printed by : Peacock Printers, Karachi. Price : Rs. 300/- 10 $ U.S. E-mail : [email protected] [email protected] URL: : www.krjsalbc.org.pk : www.salbc.org.pk ISSN Print: 2219-5912 ISSN Online: 2521-9340 Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai Chair University of Karachi Experts Committee Editorial Board Dr. Jetho Lalwani Prof. Dr. M. K. Jetly Madhar Van, Retired Professor, 1. Prof. Dr. Khalid M. Iraqi Patron Aditya Banglows, Delhi University, Nobel Nagar, D-127, Vivek Vihar, (Acting Vice Chancellor) Ahmedabad-382340, Delhi – 110095, India. India. 2. Dr. Fahmida Hussain Member 3. Dr. Baldev Matlani (India) Member Mr. Gul Muhammad Umrani Dr. Ghazala Rehman Rafiq Intellectual, Research Scholar Director, 4. Dr. Parveen Talpur (U.S.A.) Member & Columnist, Sindh Abhyas Academy, Flat # D-3, Bridge Apartments, SZABIST, 5. Dr. Jagdish Lachhani (India) Member Main Clifton Road, Karachi. Karachi. 6. Dr. Kamla Goklani (India) Member 7. Dr. Ravi Prakash Tekchandani (India) Member 8. Prof. M. Saleem Memon Member\Editor Introduction to Contributors: Dr. Ameer Ali Shah, Research Scholar, working as an Assistant Profes- Mr. Saeed Ahmed Soomro, Research Scholar is working as an Assis- sor, Department of Sindhi, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Benazi- tant Professor, Department of English, Govt. Arts and Commerce Col- rabad (Nawabshah). lege, Larkana. Ms. Shabnam Gul, Research Scholar, working as an Associate Profes- Dr. -
Saraiki Suba Movement in the Punjab: Viability in Focus
Pakistan Perspectives Vol. 20, No.2, July-December 2015 Saraiki Suba Movement in the Punjab: Viability in Focus Akhtar Hussain Sandhu* Abstract The pre-partition politics which revolved around religion was shifted to the language and culture in the post-partition era. After independence many parties emerged and realigned themselves on the basis of language and culture. This research is an effort to analyze the viability of the demand for Saraiki suba from different perspectives. It argues that the Saraiki suba movement has neither sound reasons nor justifiable political strength. The Saraiki suba‟s leadership which never won elections throughout the political history of the region, claims areas of Punjab, KPK and Sindh. The demand to create Saraiki suba is fraught with „dangers‟ including enslavement of the people of south Punjab by feudal lords. The paper recommends some practical steps for the political resolution of this issue. ______ Historical background The majority of the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent once emerged as a united political entity on the basis of religion. After 1947, languages perceived as a symbol of unity motivated the separatist tendencies in Pakistan. Absence of Hindu threat loosened the strength of Muslim nationhood and regional nationalism or sub-nationalism appeared as a gigantic problem. The main cause behind this problem was the impotent and incompetent leadership who could not perform well in redressing the grievances of the people. Bengali, Pakhtoon, Baloch, Barohi, Saraiki, Sindhi, Hindko and other voices based on language and culture became an important element behind politics at least at the regional level. In Pakistan persistent economic problems, hardships and violation of basic rights are some of the main factors behind general discontent. -
The Rise of Dalit Peasants Kolhi Activism in Lower Sindh
The Rise of Dalit Peasants Kolhi Activism in Lower Sindh (Original Thesis Title) Kolhi-peasant Activism in Naon Dumbālo, Lower Sindh Creating Space for Marginalised through Multiple Channels Ghulam Hussain Mahesar Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Anthropology ii Islamabad - Pakistan Year 2014 Kolhi-Peasant Activism in Naon Dumbālo, Lower Sindh Creating Space for Marginalised through Multiple Channels Ghulam Hussain Thesis submitted to the Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, in partial fulfillment of the degree of ‗Master of Philosophy in Anthropology‘ iii Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Anthropology Islamabad - Pakistan Year 2014 Formal declaration I hereby, declare that I have produced the present work by myself and without any aid other than those mentioned herein. Any ideas taken directly or indirectly from third party sources are indicated as such. This work has not been published or submitted to any other examination board in the same or a similar form. Islamabad, 25 March 2014 Mr. Ghulam Hussain Mahesar iv Final Approval of Thesis Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Anthropology Islamabad - Pakistan This is to certify that we have read the thesis submitted by Mr. Ghulam Hussain. It is our judgment that this thesis is of sufficient standard to warrant its acceptance by Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad for the award of the degree of ―MPhil in Anthropology‖. Committee Supervisor: Dr. Waheed Iqbal Chaudhry External Examiner: Full name of external examiner incl. title Incharge: Dr. Waheed Iqbal Chaudhry v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This thesis is the product of cumulative effort of many teachers, scholars, and some institutions, that duly deserve to be acknowledged here. -
According to the Syllabus of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir
LLB FIVE YEARS DEGREE PROGRAMME NOTES According to the Syllabus of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Muzaffarabad and Other Public, Private Sector Universities of Pakistan Prepared By Advocate Muhammad Adnan Masood Joja Sardar Javed Zahoor Khan (Advocate) CITI Law College Rawalakot 05824-442207, 444222, 0332-4573251, 051-4852737 Near CMH Rawalakot AJK Web:-www.clc.edu.pk Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 1 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 2 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 3 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 4 Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 5 FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH Citi Law College, Near CMH, Rawalakot Ph: 05824-442207, 051-4852737 www.clc.edu.pk Page | 6 Parts of Speech NOUNS A noun is the word that refers to a person, thing or abstract idea. A noun can tell you who or what. There are several different types of noun: - There are common nouns such as dog, car, chair etc. Nouns that refer to things which can be counted (can be singular or plural) are countable nouns. Nouns that refer to some groups of countable nouns, substances, feelings and types of activity (can only be singular) are uncountable nouns. Nouns that refer to a group of people or things are collective nouns. Nouns that refer to people, organizations or places are proper nouns, only proper nouns are capitalized. -
E01technical Pages
KALACHI RESEARCH JOURNAL Vol. 19: Issue 2 nd , December 2016 Kalachi Research Journal ISSN 2219 -5912 Editor : Prof. M. Saleem Memon Sub-Editors : Habibullah Jakhro Sikander Ali Bhand Phuloo K. Meghwar Editor Prof. M. Saleem Memon Published by : Shah Abdul Laf Bhitai Chair University of Karachi . Printed by : Kachho Publicaon Karachi. Price : Rs. 300/- 10 , U.S. E-mail : salbc.ku-hotmail.com saleemmemon-ymail.com URL: : www.salbc.org..k ISS0 1112-3211 Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai Chair University of Karachi Experts CommiBee Editorial Board 5r. C. Shackle Prof. Jennifer S. Cole Director, Associate Professor of Lin uiscs 1. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Qaiser Patron Instute of Indolo y, 6 Co nive Science, School of Oriental and African Studies, Department of Lin uiscs, University of London, University of Illinois at Urbana, 2. Prof. Dr. Ghulam Ali Allana Member United $in dom. Champai n 707, S. Mathe3s, Urbana IL-81101, U.S.A. 3. Prof. Dr. Fahmida Hussain Member 4. Dr. C. J. Daswani (India) Member Prof. Ali Asani 5r. M. K. Jetly Professor of the pracce of the D-1.7, 2ive( 2ihar, 5. Dr. Baldev Matlani (India) Member Indo-Muslim Lan ua es of Reli ion, Delhi 9 11009,, Ban(er Centre 30,, India. 6. Dr. Parveen Talpur (U.S.A.) Member 1. /uincy Street, 0arvard University, Cambrid e, MA0.131, U.S.A. 7. Dr. Jagdish Lachhani (India) Member 8. Dr. Kamla Goklani (India) Member 5r. Jetho Lalwani Madhar 2an, Aditya Ban lo3s, 9. Dr. Ravi Prakash Teckchandani (India) Member Nobel Na ar, Ahmedabad-31.350, India. 10. -
Jhalak Sindhyat Jee (A Glimpse Into Sindhi Culture) a Grand Evening of Sindhi Music, Dance and Comedy on 23 Nov 2018
Jhalak Sindhyat Jee (A glimpse into Sindhi culture) A grand evening of Sindhi Music, dance and comedy on 23 Nov 2018 Organised by ASHA CHAND Report by Jagdish Tahiliani Packed with Sindhi audience this weekend, the Sheikh Rashid Hall in Dubai was awash with heartfelt merriment, high decibel applause and an overwhelming love for Sindhi culture. Jhalak Sindhyat Jee meaning ‘a Glimpse into Sindhi culture’ was a compelling programme that kept the audience enthralled through passionate Sindhi songs, graceful dance performances and humour. The program was officially inaugurated by Consul General of India in Dubai Shri. Vipul Kumar who hailed the achievements & contributions of Sindhis in every sphere of life. Dr.Ram Buxani and main sponsor of the event Mr. Naresh Bhavnani of West Zone Supermarket chain, shared the dais with the Consul General. Jatin Udasi, a very popular singer from Mumbai for Sindhi & Hindi songs rendered soulful music and he lived to his name of a truly melodious singer. Shazia Khushk from Sindh Pakistan belted out foot tapping popular Sindhi songs to which the audience swayed and clapped thunderously while some spilled out onto the aisles and danced in a hypnotic mood. Many of the songs were accompanied by a team of young dancers from Dubai who added a lot of color and zest to the show with their synchronized moves. A large LED screen lit up the stage with a myriad of colors. This show also featured a popular laada from 1960’s Hal Marya ghot peya to which Dubai residents Jagdish Tahiliani and Harshita Motiyani added a special flavor by dancing with the group of young dancers and enacting typical fun making of family members which is usually an integral part of such Sindhi weddings. -
Sindhi Dictionary with English Input
Music Artist Books Dictionary Tipno Learn Sindhi Login 2 Sindhi Dictionary with English input. Change input to Roman, देवनागरी 24 hour Sindhi broadcast Word: Horizon Search With variety of 6 stations Like 2.7K people like this. Sign Up to see what your friends like. English Word Discrimination English Meaning: unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice WIN the Sindhian Magazine ﭘﮀﺎﮠ Pachhan पछाण ﺗﻣﻳﺯ Tameez तमीज़ ﺳﺎﭸﻬ Saanjih सािञह Update this Dictionary Sindhi Keyboard Arabic Unicode Sindhi Videos Sindhi Dictionary Dictionary Work Status Based on Luhana Sindhi Dictionary of Kirshan Kumar Luhana ﺁﻧﻼﺋﻥ ﺳﻧﮄﻱ ڊ ﺷﻧﺭﻱ / Online Sindhi Dictionary This online Sindhi Dictionary program can be used to find meaning of words from English to Sindhi also from Sindhi to English. You can type in english and choose the word tyat you are typing from suggested list or type full word and click on Search to find the meaning. You can also toggle to Roman Sindhi input by clicking change input to 'Roman' on the top or click Devnagari (देवनागरी) to give input in Sindhi Devanagari. Alternatively you can also choose the word that you wish to search form Browse box by choosing the starting alphabet of word and select the right word from the list. About Sindhi Language Sindhi Language comes from the family of Indo-Aryan Languages. Sindhi language is used by natives of Sindh Province. Though Sindh is today state of Pakistan, but Sindhis are spread across the world and still use Sindhi to speak, read & write. -
Formulating Religious Identity in Pakistan and Abroad by Rukhsana
Formulating Religious Identity in Pakistan and Abroad Rukhsana Qamber Abstract States, like individuals, have multiple identities that transmutes over time. They also undergo political swings that may broadly be described as centrifugal and irredentist. When the Centre overwhelms its components, whether provinces, states, autonomous communities or other political units, it exhibits varying degrees of authoritarianism and may border on the fascist. Defining the national identity or national values assumes primordial importance. When the federating components become strong the rigid contours of discourse on national identities softens to incorporate regional and so-called folkloric voices. History books, specifically textbooks on national history, are re-written to reflect the transformed statist view of the national identity. In Pakistan the texts have never digressed far from the central notion of an Islamic identity, no matter how liberal or how conservative the regimes may project themselves to be. A dominant discourse among Pakistanis seeks to anchor the national identity to Pakistan’s dominant religion and heated debates occur in academia and among the general public about the nature of the country’s identity and the role of religion in its politics. 1 However, states, like individuals, have multiple identities and Pakistanis, rent by insecurity about the raison de être of their country, seldom pause to explore the multiplicity and the richness of their diverse identities. This paper explores the religious aspects of Pakistan’s identity and attempts to establish its uniqueness in temporal and spatial terms. 48 Formulating Religious Identity in Pakistan and Abroad Not only are states’ national and regional identities layered, they also transmute over time.