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THE JOHN F. K ENNEDY LIBRARY AND FOUNDATION WINTER 2002 NEWSLETTER

TERROR is not a new weapon. Throughout history it has been used by those who could not prevail, either by persuasion or example. But inevitably they fail, either because men are not afraid to die for a life worth living, or because the terrorists themselves came to realize that free men cannot be frightened by threats, and that aggression would meet its own response. And it is in the light of that history that every nation today should know, be he friend or foe, that the has both the will and the weapons to join free men in standing up to their responsibilities.

President John F. Address to the September 25, 1961 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Kennedy Library Presents Special Series on Terrorism

n response to the attacks ipate in “town meeting” discussions of September 11, 2001, on such topics as religious tolerance, the John F. Kennedy Library presidential decision-making, military I and Foundation have organ- options, the role of the media, security ized and are presenting an ongoing and civil liberties, international crimi- series of special programs to foster nal justice and humanitarian relief. public discussion and debate concerning The Kennedy Library and the nation’s response to terrorism. Foundation developed the series

“I am often asked what is the most serious form of human rights violation in the world today and my reply is consistent: extreme poverty.”

Mary Robinson UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Mary Robinson, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights The forums have been organized “We are heading into the most uncertain in the spirit of President Kennedy’s period of our lives… The greatest variable observation that a free people cannot be frightened by threats. is whether or not we will unintentionally “The ‘Responding to Terrorism’ series trigger the thing that we most want to seeks to address the burning questions avoid, which is a religious conflict of our time, the issues that are on people's between Islam and the West.” minds as our country and the world Richard C. Holbrooke struggle with the challenges to democracy, Former U.S. Ambassador to basic stability and work to try to over- to the United Nations come the dangers of terrorism,” said John Shattuck, CEO of the Kennedy Library and were joined by the Carnegie series by airing promotional spots, Foundation, in introducing the series. Corporation of , The rebroadcasting some of the forums and “We are particularly grateful to our Globe, WBUR 90.9 FM, boston.com, by making the audio tapes of the cosponsors who have allowed us to and the Lowell Institute in bringing forums available on its web page. project this program far beyond the the “Responding to Terrorism” series Boston.com promoted the entire series walls of the John F. Kennedy Library, to the public. on its web page, making the transcripts to people all over New England and all stepped forward and tapes of the forums available to a over the nation.” by contributing full-page advertise- national audience. Public response to the Kennedy ments promoting the series, including For more information on the public Library Forums has been extraordinary excerpts from transcripts of the forums, to view transcripts and news with record crowds attending to partic- forums. WBUR FM promoted the articles on the forums, to participate in on-line discussions, or to hear rebroadcasts, members of the public “I think the worst mistake that we can make are encouraged to listen to WBUR 90.9 is to dismiss terrorists as lunatic, as irrational. FM or visit the Kennedy Library’s web page at www.jfklibrary.org, WBUR’s Because mine were highly rational.” web page at www.wbur.org, and Moorhead Kennedy The Boston Globe’s web page Former U.S. Embassy Hostage, Iran 2 at www.boston.com/jfk. T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

R ESPONDING TO T ERRORISM S ERIES S PEAKERS

Leila Ahmed, author of Women Richard C. Holbrooke, former Tom Oliphant, syndicated columnist and Gender in Islam United States Ambassador for The Boston Globe Tom Ashbrook, Host, WBUR to the United Nations Kenneth Oye, MIT Professor Special Coverage, WBUR FM Michael Horowitz, Chief of Staff Mary Robinson, UN High Peter Bell, President of CARE to the Assistant Attorney Commissioner for Human General of the U.S. Department Sissela Bok, author and ethicist Rights, and former President of Justice’s Criminal Division of Ireland Gail Buckley, author, American Michael Ignatieff, Director of the Patriots: The Story of Blacks John Shattuck, former Assistant Carr Center on Human Rights Secretary of State for Human in the Military from the Policy at Harvard’s Kennedy Revolution to Desert Storm Rights and Executive Director School of Government of the American Civil Liberties General Wesley K. Clark, former Moorhead Kennedy, former U.S. Union Washington Office Supreme Allied Commander Embassy Hostage, Tehran, Iran in Europe Jessica Stern, former member 1979-1981 of the National Security Kevin Cullen, former European Robert Leikind, Director of the Council and author of Bureau Chief, The Boston Globe New England office of the The Ultimate Terrorist David Gergen, advisor to Presidents Anti-Defamation League Reverend Charles Stith, former Nixon, Ford, Reagan and Clinton Anthony Lewis, Pulitzer Prize- U.S. Ambassador to Tanzania Nancy Gertner, U.S. District Judge winning reporter and former at the time the U.S. Embassy for the District of columnist for was bombed Richard Goldstone, former Chief Andrew Mack, former Director Nina Totenberg, National Public Prosecutor for the International of Strategic Planning in the Radio’s chief legal correspondent Tribunals for Rwanda and the Executive Office of the Secretary former Yugoslavia General of the United Nations Dick Gordon, Host, The Connection, Michele L. Malvesti, former FEATURED SPEAKERS IN 2002 WILL INCLUDE, AMONG OTHERS: WBUR FM intelligence analyst with the David Greenway, former Editorial Defense Intelligence Agency Christiane Amanpour, CNN’s chief Page Editor of The Boston Globe from 1994-1998 international correspondent Father Bryan Hehir, Chair of the Congressman Robert T. Matsui, Crown Prince Hassan of Jordan Executive Faculty Committee Japanese-American interned Senator Edward M. Kennedy of the Harvard Divinity School in camp after the bombing Senator George McGovern of Pearl Harbor Philip Heymann, former U.S. Senator George Mitchell, chief Assistant Attorney General, Elizabeth Neuffer, former European negotiator in Northern Ireland U.S. Department of Justice’s Bureau Chief, The Boston Globe and the Middle East Criminal Division, and Deputy Joseph Nye, Dean of the Kennedy Bob Schieffer, CBS News Attorney General in the Clinton School of Government and Administration former U.S. Assistant Secretary Theodore Sorensen, of Defense for International Special Counsel to President Security Affairs John F. Kennedy

“It is crucial that we make a distinction between religion in its truest sense and fundamentalism. Every religion has its fundamentalists. And therefore it is important not to identify fundamentalism as one religious tradition, because every religious tradition can support its own.” Father Bryan Hehir Chair of the Executive Faculty Committee of the Harvard Divinity School 3 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Archives Hold Rich History of Afghan-American Ties

he deposed king of Afghanistan independence, to live in freedom, and JOEL BENJAMIN who took a leadership role to look to the future with hope,” said in the UN-sponsored talks President Kennedy in welcoming the T to determine the future King to the on September government of Afghanistan was once 5, 1963. “You have committed your celebrated by President Kennedy and country, as it has been throughout its the American people as a champion history, to the maintenance of that of Afghanistan independence, according national independence and sovereignty, to state documents and photographs and it is a source of pride to us that it found in the archives of the John F. has been possible for the United States Kennedy Library and Museum. The in some small ways to join you in deposed king has recently played a that great effort.” central role in the establishment of a At a White House State dinner post-Taliban government in Afghanistan. that evening, King Zahir observed In September 1963, then King that the social and political aspirations Mohammad Zahir Shah paid a state of the Afghan people were akin to visit to the United States where he was those which had inspired hosts of 5th century Afghan Ghandaran head welcomed by President John F. Kennedy. immigrants to the United States. of Buddha presented to President “Even though Afghanistan and the “Our people, nevertheless have and Mrs. Kennedy by King Zahir. United States are separated by a good a long struggle ahead in order to many thousands of miles, by history, overcome the problems presented of the fact that these factors can under- by culture, by religion, I do think, by illiteracy and certain material mine and present a threat to the very Your Majesty, that we share one great, handicaps,” said King Zahir. “For us, foundation of our liberty.” overriding, overarching conviction, the struggle is essentially a campaign Later, the King presented President and that is the strong desire of both waged for consolidation of the bases and Mrs. Kennedy with a 5th century of our peoples to maintain their of our freedom, for we are fully aware Afghan Ghandaran head of Buddha. The priceless state gift was displayed to the public for the first time in 1999 as part of the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum’s special exhibit, Treasures of the Kennedy Library. King Mohammad Zahir Shah, (b. October 15, 1914) was King of Afghanistan from 1933-1973. Educated at Kabul and in , he was proclaimed king on November 8, 1933, within a few hours after his father’s assassination. In 1964 he promulgated a new constitution. During one of his trips abroad, his cousin and former Prime Minister Muhammad Daud staged a coup and established a new

JOHN F. KENNEDY LIBRARY AND MUSEUM KENNEDY LIBRARY JOHN F. government with himself as president.

President John F. Kennedy welcomes Afghanistan King Mohammad Zahir Shah to the Zahir Shah abdicated in August 1973 White House, September 5, 1963. and has since lived in Italy. 4 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Board of Directors Mourns Loss of Two Friends

he Board of Directors of the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation mourned the T loss of two of its friends and colleagues with the deaths of John T. Fallon on July 19, 2001, and William Connell on August 22, 2001. A Founding Trustee of the Kennedy Library Foundation, Mr. Fallon served with distinction as its Treasurer and on its Executive and Nominating Committees. His contributions to the mission of the Kennedy Library were Senator Edward M. Kennedy and Jack Fallon at Kennedy Library Foundation dinner many and valuable. He was instrumen- honoring Ireland’s President Mary Robinson, October 20, 1991. tal in the funding and construction of the Kennedy Library in 1979, and gave permanent recognition to Jack’s of his death he was serving with helped to recruit distinguished service and seamanship by naming distinction as Vice-Chairman of members to the Foundation’s Board. the Fallon Pier at the Kennedy Library the Board and as a member of its As former Chairman and CEO in recognition of his many contribu- Executive and Nominating Committees. of R.M. Bradley & Co., Mr. Fallon tions. It is with profound sorrow that Mr. Connell also served as Chairman advanced the mission of the Kennedy we acknowledge the passing of our of the Development Committee and, Library throughout the Boston busi- esteemed colleague and friend. This for several years, as Chairman of the ness community, offering sage counsel institution would not be here were Foundation’s annual May Dinner to the deliberations of the Board and it not for individuals like Jack Fallon. Committee. As he was to many other bringing keen acumen to the financial We are grateful for his dedication to institutions in whose mission he affairs of the Foundation. the work of the Kennedy Library and believed, Bill Connell was one of the “Jack’s love of the sea rivaled that for his friendship.” Kennedy Library Foundation’s most of President Kennedy,” said Board Bill Connell had been a member generous benefactors. Mr. Connell’s Chairman Paul G. Kirk, Jr. “In 1992, of the Board of the Kennedy Library support was recognized by the Friends the and the Board Foundation since 1990. At the time of the Kennedy Library when they hon- ored him as 1999 Irishman of the Year. “Bill often joked that he was just a ‘junk man’ whose father was in the ‘transportation business,’” said Kirk. “In fact, Bill’s father was an Irish immigrant bus driver who inspired Bill to pursue an education which resulted in Bill heading his successful metal recycling business, Connell Limited Partnership. The Board of Directors will remember Bill Connell for his genuine kindness and friendship, his warm smile and humor, his savvy counsel and Senator Edward Kennedy, Margot Connell, , and Bill Connell at Irishman of the Year Dinner, March 12, 1999. his constantly good heart.” 5 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Foundation Welcomes New VP for Development

ennedy Library Foundation has joined the Kennedy Library CEO John Shattuck Foundation,” said Shattuck. “She announced the appointment is a gifted fund raiser and development K of Sandra Sedacca to the activist who shares a deep appreciation newly created position of Vice President for the values articulated by President for Development. Sedacca joined the Kennedy. She is a very welcome Foundation staff full-time in July. addition to our team.” Sedacca was formerly the Dean During her 1992 to 1997 tenure as of Development and External Relations Director of Development for the American at the Harvard Graduate School of Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Education. There she oversaw the Sedacca launched the ACLU’s first completion of the most successful capital campaign for endowment. From Sandy Sedacca, Vice President for Development. capital campaign ever for a graduate 1986-1992, she served as Senior Director school of education. of Development at Save the Children Associate at Common Cause and then Sedacca will lead the Foundation’s Federation, where she helped to diversify as Director of Community Education effort to advance private philanthropic the Federation’s revenue stream by Programs at the Foreign Policy support for the Library’s mission and expanding events programming and Association. She holds a B.S. in Political programs among individuals, founda- introducing cause-related marketing. Science from American University and tions and corporations. Sedacca began her career in non- a J.D. from Case Western Reserve “I am delighted that Sandy Sedacca profit organizations as Senior Research University School of .

K ENNEDY L IBRARY N AMES N EW S UPERVISORY A RCHIVIST

eborah Leff, Director History from Case Western Reserve Since 1995, Goldstein has of the John F. Kennedy University in 1977, and her B.A. served as President of The Library and Museum, in History and English from Document Organization, providing D announced that Marcy G. State University. She created the archival services to Microsoft, Goldstein, President of The Document Archives of the New Jersey Institute The Walt Disney Company, Sandia, Organization, has been named of Technology in the 1970s, and Arthur Andersen, and others, Supervisory Archivist for the John F. moved to AT&T Bell Laboratories and serves as Adjunct Professor Kennedy Library and Museum. in the 1980s, where she created for Business and Archives at New Goldstein will be responsible for the archives department for Bell York University, Drexel University. managing the Library’s archives, Labs. She worked from 1985-1995 She is a member of the Society including more than 8.4 million as Corporate Archivist for AT&T, of American Archivists and the pages of the personal, congression- managing a staff of 18 in three Smithsonian Institution's High al and presidential papers of John locations, with a multi-million dollar Tech Committee, which works Fitzgerald Kennedy. budget, and directing the collection, with AT&T, Hewlett Packard, Intel, Goldstein received her Ph.D. processing, retention, and use of Apple, Motorola, and several other and M.A. in Archives Records AT&T's intellectual property. She laboratories to document the Management and Conservation was responsible for merging AT&T's development of unique software and U.S. and Latin American archives with those of Bell Labs. in the United States.

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Lifting of Cuban Naval Quarantine Subject of Newly Released Tape

ust hours before President Kennedy’s November 20, 1962 press conference J announcing the lifting of the Cuban quarantine, the President was faced with the decision of whether or not he should also include a U.S. assurance not to invade – a for- mal assurance requested by the USSR. On October 24, the Kennedy Library released a newly declassified tape recording of that White House ExComm (Executive Committee of the National Security Council) meeting regarding the lifting of the U.S. naval quarantine of Cuba. The quarantine had been imposed in response to the ’s introduction of nuclear missiles on the island. The White House tape recording of the deliberations reflects serious debate among the President, Attorney General Robert Kennedy, and other staff on the necessity or advisability of including a formal assurance to the Soviet Union not to invade Cuba. The Soviet Union had agreed to remove nuclear missiles, dismantle launch sites and remove bombers. But since Cuba President Kennedy responds to questions at his November 20, 1962 press confer- had not yet permitted UN on-site inspec- ence announcing the lifting of the U.S. naval quarantine of Cuba. tion, President Kennedy and his advisers deliberated whether or not to give an as far as Khrushchev is concerned,” ‘you haven’t met your deal,’” President assurance the U.S. would not invade the Attorney General states during Kennedy says during the meeting. Cuba, as was part of the original deal. the meeting, “nor does he expect it President Kennedy also states that, Several of the draft announcements at the moment.” “the other way to do it would be to say: written for President Kennedy’s press While the president acknowledges ‘Well, now we lift the quarantine and conference – scheduled for 6:00 pm that a non-invasion assurance is a U.S. can’t do the invasion pledge until you that evening – included such a formal bargaining chip, he questions whether the agree to the kinds of inspections.’” assurance. Attorney General Robert United States is adding conditions that The President subsequently decided Kennedy argued against making it, may seem as if the U.S. is “welching” on against including a formal non-invasion citing its importance as a bargaining its understanding with the Soviet Union. assurance in that evening’s remarks to position. “We do not owe anything “We don’t want to say (to the USSR) the press.

7 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Boston Gives Big Welcome to Jacqueline Kennedy Exhibition

he special exhibition on and beauty and overcoming grief. excitement and sense of purpose Jacqueline Kennedy that Thank you,” wrote Mary Killoran, generated by her husband’s presidency.” opened to rave reviews at of Warwick, Rhode Island. Amy Forman, of Amy Forman Design, T New York’s Metropolitan Drawing as much interest and had what seemed the impossible task of Museum of Art this spring came home excitement as the dresses were the taking the open meeting and conference to Boston on September 15 where it display of original documents from space of the Stephen E. Smith Center was immediately embraced and Mrs. Kennedy’s personal papers, along at the John F. Kennedy Library and welcomed by visitors seeking with photographs, film and objects Museum and transforming it into a inspiration and solace warm and inviting exhibi- from world events. tion hall befitting the ele- Jacqueline Kennedy: gance of Mrs. Kennedy’s The White House Years – fashions. The 5,000 square Selections from the John foot hall, normally used F. Kennedy Library and for public forums, dinners Museum drew record and other special events crowds to the John F. such as the annual Profile Kennedy Library, despite in Courage Award ceremo- the fact that, nationwide, ny, underwent a magical museum attendance suf- transformation under fered a major setback Forman’s direction, following the events of eliciting praise from September 11. all, including guest curator Press reviews of the Hamish Bowles, European exhibition were glowing. editor-at-large of Vogue. But even more satisfying Rigg also gave special to the exhibition’s spon- kudos to the Library’s sors was the reaction of curatorial staff including the thousands of visitors James Wagner, Exhibit

who were enthralled JAMES HILL Specialist; Elizabeth with the Library’s pres- Johanna Parks of Houston, , admires Mrs. Kennedy’s inaugural gown. Stapleton Roach, entation of the more than Museum Registrar; 70 original costumes and accessories associated with her restoration of the Pamela Winstead, Museum Technician; Mrs. Kennedy wore to state events. White House, her support of the arts, April Kierstead, Museum Collection “An elegant exhibit of the most and her work as a traveling ambassador. Intern; and Carol Ferguson, Director elegant of first ladies,” wrote Margaret “There were few visitors who of Technical Services. He also acknowl- Guenther of Winona, Minnesota. walked away without having a greater edged the work of Megan Desnoyers, “Her contributions to our country and deeper appreciation for Mrs. Senior Archivist, in the preparation are immeasurable.” Kennedy’s contribution to the nation of Mrs. Kennedy’s personal papers, “Forever an inspiration and an during the Kennedy Presidency,” said and of Allan Goodrich, Audiovisual enduring, pleasant memory of a time Frank Rigg, Museum Curator. “When Archivist; James Hill, Audiovisual of limitless hope and optimism,” wrote done right, a museum exhibition can Archive Specialist; and Jim Cedrone, John A Miller of California. “We will help bring to life the beauty of another Audiovisual Specialist, for their work never see that time again.” time and place. I believe this exhibition in the research and preparation of “A beautiful exhibit of a beautiful did justice to the extraordinary accom- audio visual material for the exhibi- woman who taught us all about dignity plishments of Mrs. Kennedy and to the tion. Rigg said the Textile Conservation 8 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Center of the American Museum of Textile History in Lowell, U NFORGETTABLE E VENING Massachusetts was invaluable for its technical assistance. Among the features of the exhibi- Dear First Lady, tion that most impressed visitors were the vivid colors of Mrs. Kennedy’s state I hope you are First Lady for the next three hundred years at least! I clothes. Most visitors had recollections have been trying to write to you ever since I experienced the honor of only of the black and white and gray my life – being present at your unforgettable dinner for Monsieur and tones of Mrs. Kennedy’s dresses as Madame Malraux. captured by early black and white television and newspaper photos. I may never recover. As visitors moved into the special exhibition hall they were struck by I have tried to write a dignified expression of my gratitude but I invariably fall the fawn coat and celebrated pillbox into uncontrollable gushing & have finally decided to gush and be damned. hat worn by Mrs. Kennedy for the You see – it’s like a fairy-tale from my childhood come true. All the legends inaugural ceremonies on the steps of sleeping princesses awakened – ugly ducklings turning into swans – beasts of the Capitol on January 20, 1961; into princes – all the life renewing myths are brought to mind by the stirring the ivory satin gown she wore to the and awakening and coming to life all over the country and all around the pre-inaugural gala; the red dress worn world that is taking place because you two are who you are. by the first lady for the televised tour of the White House broadcast on You remind us all who we can be and the re-establishing of values is February 14, 1962; the candy pink silk bringing us all to life again. I had the sensation at your party of being gown she wore for the May 11, 1962 a single blossom in a huge field of flowers all basking in the sun so we White House state dinner honoring could hold up our heads and be beautiful. Andre Malraux, France’s Minister of Culture; and the green evening With profound and all-embracing gratitude, dress she wore to the April 29, 1962 White House dinner honoring Noble Geraldine Page Prize Laureates. Equally moving and fascinating PS After the President’s joke about the White House becoming the artists for visitors was the display of original eating place & you’re never invited out in return I must submit what documents from Mrs. Kennedy’s person- surely must be the 168th invitation back – al papers that offered a more intimate experience of the first lady’s brilliant My place is very small and I’m the cook – but I cook deliciously. You mind, sense of humor, and gracious must come and let me feed you just once. Ridiculous – it could never and warm hospitality. One document happen but you see – you make us believe in miracles. that particularly engaged visitors was Text of letter from actress Geraldine Page to Jacqueline Kennedy the letter Mrs. Kennedy received from following the May 11, 1962 White House dinner honoring Andre actress Geraldine Page thanking her Malraux, France’s Minister of Culture. Original letter is on display as part of the special exhibition, Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House for the evening with French Cultural Years – Selections from the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum. Minister Malraux. (see box) The exhibition will close on February 28 after which it will be Continued on page 10 9 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Boston Gives Big Welcome to Jacqueline Kennedy Exhibition Continued from page 9 F OUNDATION W ELCOMES carefully dismantled, packed, and associated with Mrs. Kennedy’s work transported to the Corcoran Gallery of on the White House and historical N EW B OARD Art in Washington, DC, where it opens preservation. The special programs M EMBERS April 6, 2002 and runs through were sponsored by The Boston Globe September 30. Future venues for the and featured James Abbott, Curator of unprecedented and one-time exhibition Decorative Arts at the , President are under consideration and have yet Museum of Art and author of of the Kennedy Library to be finalized. Designing Camelot: The Kennedy White Foundation Board of House Restoration; Betty Monkman, Directors, and Paul G. White House Curator, and author Kirk, Jr., Board Chairman, of The White House: Its Historic welcomed several new Furnishings and First Families; members to the Board of and Hamish Bowles, Guest Curator, Directors. They include: Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years – Selections from the John F. Carrie Minot Bell, entrepreneur Kennedy Library and Museum, and James T. Brett, author of “Defining Style: Jacqueline CEO, The New Kennedy’s White House Years,” from England Council the exhibition catalogue Jacqueline Jo Ann Gora, Kennedy: The White House Years – Chancellor, University of Massachusetts Boston Selections from the John F. Kennedy Edward J. Hoff, Library and Museum. Vice President, Learning, IBM Corporation

Shari E. Redstone, JAMES HILL President, National Elizabeth Stapleton-Roach, Museum Amusements Registrar, oversaw the daily mainte- nance and cleaning of the exhibition. Eli J. Segal, Chairman, Welfare to Work Partnership The exhibition was made possible Steering Committee by L’Oréal. Nicole Seligman, Additional support was provided by Executive Vice-President and General Counsel, Condé Nast, WCVB-TV 5, and Fidelity Sony Corporation Investments. The exhibition was organ- Alan D. Solomont, ized by The Metropolitan Museum of Chairman and CEO, Art and the John F. Kennedy Library Solomont Bailis Ventures and Museum.

In celebration of the special exhibi- JAMES HILL tion on Mrs. Kennedy, the Kennedy Silvia Gounden of Pretoria, South Africa, and Anita Ramachandran Library and Museum also hosted of South Brunswick, NJ captivated a number of educational forums by an exhibition video.

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Tourism Industry Helps E DUCATION Celebrate Opening of U PDATE Jacqueline Kennedy Exhibition In addition to this fall's public ore than 500 members of travel and attendance at cultural events forum series, the Education Greater Boston’s Travel and throughout the nation suffered follow- Department continues to Tourism Industry were on ing the September 11 terrorist attacks, promote a series of new initia- M hand at the John F. members of Boston’s hotel and travel tives aimed at area students. Kennedy Library and Museum on industry worked hard to restore confi- Education staff have developed October 10 to help celebrate the dence. Several museums, including new web-site curriculum materi- opening of the special exhibition the John F. Kennedy Library, offered al including a biography and Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House free admission to their permanent classroom lessons on Jacqueline Years – Selections from the John F. exhibitions during the month of Kennedy and a unit on James Kennedy Library and Museum. The September to provide Boston area Meredith and the integration of reception for the hospitality and residents and visitors a place for the University of . Two tourism industry was originally reflection and remembrance following conferences for teachers, includ- scheduled for September 13. While the national tragedy. ing a session on “Understanding Global Conflict,” and a two-day session on “Biography and Creativity” will be sponsored this spring. The Library is also pleased to have partnered with the Boston Public Schools on a successful $1 million Teaching American History grant. This new grant program, sponsored in the U.S. Senate by Senator Robert C. Byrd, seeks to improve the quality of history teaching in our public schools. The City Explorers Program, part of the John F. Kennedy Library Corps, is also thriving. This partnership with the John W. McCormack Middle School introduces students to cultural institutions throughout the city so that they will develop a greater appreciation for the diversity of Boston. Under a generous grant from Board Member T. Jefferson Coolidge, the Library continues to offer to cover all transporta- tion costs for teachers from the Boston Public Schools to bring their classes to our museum. Museum Curator Frank Rigg welcomes Dominic D’Ambrosio of the Metropolitan District Commission and Rosanne Mercer of Mercer Communications to reception for tourism industry members. 11 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Shattuck Carries Kennedy Library Mission to International Human Rights Conference

ennedy Library Foundation CEO John Shattuck, former Ambassador to the Czech FRANTISEK TOTH K Republic, and Assistant U.S. Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, was invited by Czech President Vaclav Havel to chair a round table discussion of international leaders a month after the terrorist attacks of September 11 on the subject of human rights. The international forum, “Human Rights and the Search for Global Responsibility,” was held at Prague Castle, Czech Republic from October 15-18, 2001. The annual event, at which leading thinkers from throughout the world gather to exchange views, was organized by the Czech dissident playwright turned president Vaclav Havel in 1997. During the October conference, Shattuck met with Crown Prince El Hassan bin Talal of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan whom he invited to keynote an April 11 Kennedy Library forum, “The U.S. and the Middle East: Strengthening the Dialogue.” Shattuck later shared his observations on human rights in an op ed published by The New York Times on Czech President Vaclav Havel and Kennedy Library Foundation CEO John Shattuck December 25, 2001. (See opposite page) at Prague Conference, “Human Rights and the Search for Global Responsibility.”

W EB P AGE E ARNS T OP H ONORS

he John F. Kennedy the award-winning library editors scour the Web for the best Library and and reference information library and reference resources Museum’s Web site portal of the Web. and found your site to be an extreme- T at www.jfklibrary.org In notifying Ron Whealan, ly valuable resource. Your site will was selected as the December the Kennedy Library’s gifted be showcased among the very 2001 “Reference Site of the and resourceful webmaster, best library and reference sites on Month” by LibrarySpot.com, LibrarySpot.com wrote: “Our the Web.”

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H UMAN R IGHTS AT H OME

By John Shattuck ext month, the State Over the last decade Bosnia, This will require making commit- Department will publish Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, East ments that are in our national security its annual report on Timor, Haiti, Chechnya and Kosovo, interest but that we were too often N the condition of human among other places, have witnessed unwilling to make before Sept. 11. rights throughout the world. This similar human rights catastrophes. The United States should work assessment, never easy, will be While genocide and other crimes with other countries and the United harder to make than ever in 2002. against humanity have flourished Nations to intervene in human rights Throughout the 1990's, the in these environments, and cynical crises before genocide and terrorism report criticized the use of secret leaders similar to the Taliban and occur. We knew about the brutality arrests and military tribunals in Al Qaeda have terrorized civilian of the Taliban before the attacks, Peru, Egypt, Nigeria, Russia and populations, most Americans have felt just as we knew about human rights many other countries. This year insulated from these worlds. Sept. 11 abuses taking place in Rwanda and the terrorist attacks on the United ended that remove by making clear the Bosnia before the slaughter began. States have caused Americans to connection between terrorism and the We need to stop considering consider using some of these same systematic abuse of human rights. ourselves “exceptional” when it measures in this country. The success of the military comes to human rights, and we We hear that the war against campaign to liberate the people of need to ratify international human terrorism requires us to trim civil Afghanistan from the Taliban is only rights treaties like the Convention liberties at home. But secret military the first step in our fight against ter- on the Elimination of All Forms tribunals will not improve our safety. rorism. We will need to pursue the of Discrimination Against Women They will make us less secure by terrorists and bring them to justice. and support institutions to protect giving other countries the excuse We will also need to create a secure human rights, like the new to haul Americans before similar environment for the delivery of International Criminal Court. tribunals and by making it less likely humanitarian assistance, support We need always to reassert our that terrorists captured abroad international peacekeeping that can own commitment to civil liberties at will be extradited for trial in the protect Afghans from military conflicts home – even in this time of war – as United States. and become a leader in the “nation- the best way to project our values Cutting back on principles of building” efforts of the United Nations. abroad. And we should significantly due process will also make it harder As President Bush has repeatedly increase our spending on well-targeted for us to take other countries to task emphasized, responding to terrorism assistance programs that can help for their human rights practices, requires a long-term commitment. The people in other countries create and even as promotion of human rights heart of that commitment should be nurture democratic institutions that around the world becomes more the redoubling of our efforts to expand are the best bulwark against terrorism. important than ever to our national human rights to all nations. The lesson of Afghanistan is that the interest. The Sept. 11 terrorist Fifty-three years ago the human obliteration of human rights, even crimes show that terrorism is bred rights movement was launched when at a distance, can threaten us all. most readily in places that abuse the Universal Declaration of Human The op ed was published in human rights. Al Qaeda thrived in Rights was signed at the United The New York Times on December Afghanistan because the Taliban Nations. In order to live up to our 25, 2001. John Shattuck, chief were rulers who believed in total role in helping to draft that historic executive of the John F. Kennedy repression of civil society, brutal document, and as part of our response Library Foundation, was Assistant discrimination against women, to terrorism, President Bush should U.S. Secretary of State for religious intolerance, and the killing make human rights a central feature Democracy, Human Rights and torture of civilians. of American foreign policy. and Labor from 1993 to 1998. 13 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

White House Tape: JFK Gave Moon a Top Priority

t was a top priority Kennedy argued with Webb for a moon is nice, but it’s – it’s like being of President John F. more focused and expedited approach second anytime,” the president said. Kennedy that the United toward the lunar landing. Having “Everything that we do should be I States land on the moon such a goal, the President argued, tied into getting on to the moon before the Soviet Union according would carry the country’s entire ahead of the Russians. We ought to a newly declassified 73-minute space effort forward. to get it really clear that the policy White House tape recording The president asked Webb if ought to be that this is the top released by the Kennedy Library he considered the moon landing priority program of the agency on August 22. NASA’s top priority. and one… of the top priorities At the November 21, 1962 meeting, “No sir, I do not,” Webb replied. of the United States government,” President Kennedy and his staff “I think it is one of the top priority he said. were discussing a supplemental programs.” “Otherwise we shouldn’t be budget for the National Aeronautics Kennedy responded that it should spending this kind of money, because and Space Administration (NASA) be the top priority. I am not that interested in space,” and the effect the increased money “This is important for political Kennedy said. “I think it’s good. I would have on expediting the reasons, international political rea- think we ought to know about it. scheduled orbital flights and the sons,” the president said. “And this “But we’re talking about fantastic Apollo Space Program. is, whether we like it or not, in a expenditures,” Kennedy said. “We’ve The meeting came 18 months sense a race. Being second to the wrecked our budget, and all these after President Kennedy’s May 25, 1961 speech before Congress where he declared, “I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal before this decade is out of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth.” In the course of the discussion, an animated exchange between President Kennedy and James Wood, Administrator of NASA, took place over the priority of the lunar landing program. Webb argued that the lunar program was “one” of the top priority programs of NASA. The President wanted it made clear that it was “the” priority program — not only for NASA but for the entire govern- ment — with the desired result being that the United States would beat the Russians to the moon.

Faced with the option of directing NASA

federal funds more generally across Dr. Robert Seamans, Deputy Administrator of NASA; Dr. Wernher von Braun; the entire space program, President and President John F. Kennedy at Cape Canaveral, . November 16, 1963.

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U PCOMING F ORUMS

Former U.S. Senator George Mitchell “Overcoming Hatred: Brokering Peace in War Torn Lands” Monday, March 4, 5:30-7:00 p.m.

Senator Edward M. Kennedy “The Challenge at Home” Monday, March 18, 5:30-7:00 p.m.

Former U.S. Senator George McGovern Bob Schieffer, CBS News “Challenges at Home and Abroad: Past and Present” Monday, April 8, 5:30-7:00 p.m.

Crown Prince Hassan of Jordan President Kennedy and James Wood, “The U.S. and the Middle East: Strengthening the Dialogue” Administrator of NASA, White House, Thursday, April 11, 5:30-7:00 p.m. January 30, 1961.

Theodore Sorensen other domestic programs, and the “What Would JFK Do?” only justification for it, in my opinion, Sunday, April 21, 4:00-5:30 p.m. is to do it in the time element I am asking.” “The State of Political Courage Today” Describing the historical gem E.J. Dionne, Gwen Ifill, Bill Kovach, , released by the Kennedy Library, , ; introduced by Caroline Kennedy a Boston Globe editorial stated: Monday, May 6, 5:30-7:00 p.m. “That’s what makes the unexcised 73-minute tape… so fascinating: Elizabeth Drew It’s a trip back nearly 40 years to “Citizen McCain” a window of unvarnished, unspun Monday, May 13, 5:30-7:00 p.m. White House time… An earful of history can be as rich as a The forums are free and open to the public. Seating is limited. Reservations tome. Richer.” are highly recommended, as those who have called to reserve a space The declassified tape was the will be seated first. Those with reservations will be seated in the main subject of major international and hall and two spillover auditoriums on a first-come, first-serve basis. national news coverage, including Reservations may be made by calling 617.929.4571. All forums will be ABC World News Tonight, BBC News, held at the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum, Columbia Point, Boston. ABC Good Morning America, NBC For directions, visit the Kennedy Library web page at www.jfklibrary.org. Today Show, CNN, and national wire stories by Reuters News Service and the .

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Caroline Kennedy Hosts Special Tribute To Mrs. Kennedy

he Kennedy Library Foundation’s private tribute to T Jacqueline Kennedy, originally scheduled for September 12, was held with great meaning and simple elegance on the evening of November 16 when a host of Mrs. Kennedy’s family, friends and colleagues gathered to pay tribute to the former first lady and help celebrate the Library’s special exhibition on her White House years. The evening was hosted by Caroline Kennedy, President of the Kennedy Library Foundation, who was joined by Senator Edward Kennedy, Victoria Reggie Kennedy, and Congressman Caroline Kennedy, Pam Alabaster, Senior Vice President of L’Oréal, and Library Patrick Kennedy in welcoming the Foundation CEO John Shattuck. 270 special guests. “For me, and for those who knew my mother, she will Following Caroline Kennedy’s warm welcome, guests always be a part of us, and of our lives, and she will always were treated to a special performance by Paul Winter, the grace the history she helped to make,” said Caroline Kennedy award-winning musician and composer, who played for in her welcoming remarks. “With her own sense of style, she Jacqueline Kennedy nearly 40 years ago in the first jazz interpreted these values, and represented President Kennedy, concert ever held at the White House. On hearing Winter and America, in a way that captured the imagination of the world and still does.”

Elaine Jones, Director of the NAACP Legal Defense & Education Fund, Senator Edward M. Kennedy (D-MA), and Congressman Patrick Kennedy (D-RI).

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perform at the White House on November 19, 1962, Mrs. Kennedy remarked, “I had a hard time keeping still and staying dignified.” In his closing remarks that evening, Senator Edward Kennedy echoed the sentiment of the former first lady, thanking Winter for gracing the Kennedy Library with his art. Among the evening’s other special guests were Hugh Auchincloss, Jacqueline Kennedy’s stepbrother; former U.S. Ambassador John Kenneth Galbraith, who welcomed Mrs. Kennedy to India in 1962; John Loring, Tiffany & Co. Design Director, whose books on American-style entertaining were edited by Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis; and John Walsh, former Secret Service agent assigned to Mrs. Kennedy. Paul Winter, Foundation Vice President of Development The special exhibition on Mrs. Kennedy was made Sandra Sedacca, John Lorring and Catherine Hagan. possible by L’Oréal. Additional support was provided by Condé Nast, WCVB-TV 5, and Fidelity Investments. The evening tribute was underwritten by Filene’s, Tiffany & Co, The Boston Globe, and Viacom and National Amusements. Special patrons included Lucia and Philip Katz, Carolyn and Peter S. Lynch, Brad and Janet Anderson, Janet and John J. Cafaro, Ted Hoff and Kathleen O’Connell, Liberty Mutual Group, Pfizer Inc., and the D.L. Saunders Companies and The Boston Park Plaza Hotel, LLC. The private tribute benefited the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation.

Robie Harris, former Library Foundation Executive Director Charles U. Daly, Bill Harris, and Christine Sullivan Daly.

Foundation CEO John Shattuck with new Board member Carolyn Lynch and Foundation Board member Peter Lynch. Alan D. Solomont and Susan Lewis Solomont. 17 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

Female “Firsts” Pass on Wisdom CHARLIE L. SOAP On October 26, Kennedy Library Director Deborah Leff welcomed a capacity audience of several hundred guests, mostly women, who had been invited to a special Kennedy Library Forum to help celebrate the contributions of women to the nation. Moderated by Carole Simpson of ABC News, the panel included , the nation’s first woman Vice Presidential nominee; , the first African American woman in space; and Wilma Mankiller, the first woman to serve as Chief of the Nation. The forum was held in conjunction with the Library’s special exhibition honoring First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy and her extraordinary contributions to the nation. Among the audience members was Rachelle Cohen, Editorial Page Editor of the , who authored the following op-ed column on the special evening. Titled, “Female ‘firsts’ pass on wisdom to a generation,” the column ran in the Boston Herald on

Oct 30, 2001. It is reprinted with the permission of Rachelle Cohen Kennedy Library Director Deborah Leff with friend and and the Boston Herald. former ABC News colleague Carole Simpson.

t was intended to be a cele- On the podium were Geraldine old enough to be their grandparents. bration of “firsts” – a cele- Ferraro, first woman vice presidential They came and they listened and they I bration of three enormously nominee; Mae Jemison, first African- cheered. And it felt good to have accomplished women. But American woman in space; and Wilma something to cheer about and for. it turned out to be far more. Mankiller, first woman to serve as chief Ferraro spoke of her early days as It turned out to be a celebrating of the . They told their an assistant district attorney, working of passages, of the passing of torches stories – of discouragement and of tri- with victims of domestic violence and from one generation to the next, umph – to an audience that itself sexual assault (“You know that TV as events at the Kennedy Library spanned several generations from show, ‘Special Victims Unit,’ well I often are. And it turned out to be a wide-eyed schoolgirls (guests of an made up that name,” she said.) celebration of indomitable spirits at urban mentoring program) to those “I was putting all these terrible peo- a moment when we needed that too. ple in jail, but I wasn’t doing anything about the problem,” she explained, adding that’s what led her into politics at a time when it wasn’t a huge career option for women. So it was Congress (and not on her first try) and later the call from . “He really did want to do the right thing,” Ferraro said of the 1984 Democratic presidential candidate. “He really did want to say, `Take that “White Males Only” sign down from the White House.’” By the time Mae Jemison got to Stanford where she earned a degree in

CHARLIE L. SOAP chemical engineering (later at Cornell Geraldine Ferraro, Carole Simpson, Mae Jemison, and Wilma Mankiller. she got her M.D.), many of those 18 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

“White Males Only” signs were already down. From a different generation, she C AMBRIDGE M AYOR wondered aloud when the day would A NTHONY G ALLUCCIO come when we finally stop asking ECEIVES ENN WARD FOR women “the question.” R F A “At some point either we ask, P OLITICAL L EADERSHIP `Did you get this job because you’re a white guy?’ or we stop asking nthony Galluccio, Mayor of Cambridge, was named as this women, `Why did you get this job?’” year’s recipient of the Fenn Award for Political Leadership at a And for a woman who has seen private reception hosted by the Kennedy Library Foundation’s the Earth from space, who has a A Society and Foundation CEO John Shattuck sense of her place in the universe on November 29 at the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum. that only a handful of human beings Co-sponsored by the New Frontier Society and the Massachusetts experience, there is nothing that Municipal Association, the Fenn Award is given annually to a Massachusetts women can’t accomplish. elected official aged 35 years or younger who has demonstrated outstanding “All women have power,” she told political leadership in addressing and resolving a specific public policy issue one 17-year-old questioner in the or need. The John F. Kennedy Library Foundation’s New Frontier Society is audience. “It’s a question of whether a non-partisan group of young men and women, aged 21 to 35, whose goal they’ll use it or not.” is to promote a greater understanding of local and national political issues, In a state where the governor is particularly those affecting this particular age group, and to encourage a woman and where there’s a chance active participation in public affairs. the next gubernatorial election might Galluccio was selected, in part, for his leadership in involving youth in pit Jane Swift against Treasurer community affairs in Cambridge. At the start of the 2000-2001 school year, Shannon O’Brien, perhaps the ques- Mayor Galluccio established the Mayor’s Youth Council with groups of students tion has already been answered in from Cambridge Rindge and Latin School and the Cambridge Youth Centers. the realm of politics. And there is The group met with the mayor and as subcommittees to develop strategies to the temptation to think that in such address issues important to youth. This is the first such initiative in Cambridge. troubled times issues of gender Mayor Galluccio also worked to increase the number of students in the Mayor’s become less relevant somehow. We Summer Youth Employment Program, a program that focuses on youths enter- are, after all, all in this together. ing the work force for the first time. He also worked to increase the number But there was an important piece of employment opportunities for students in the program. of Native American wisdom offered The annual award is named in honor of Dan H. Fenn, Jr. who served by Wilma Mankiller, so very relevant as the first director of the Kennedy Library, from 1971 to 1986, and has to we live in: remained active in public affairs. “No nation is defeated, until the hearts of its women are on the ground.” That’s what can’t happen – not here, not now, not ever. Not when the wisdom and the stories and the strength of women like Ferraro and Jemison and Mankiller is passed to the next genera- tion and the generation after that. Carla Moran and Daniel Sullivan, 2001 Fenn Committee co-chairs, The hearts of this nation’s women and Fenn Award recipient Cambridge Mayor Anthony Galluccio. will never be on the ground. 19 T HE J OHN F. K ENNEDY L IBRARY AND F OUNDATION N EWSLETTER

JFK Profile in Courage Essay Contest Draws Record Entries H IGH S CHOOL S TUDENTS’ RESPONSE TO S EPTEMBER 11 FINDS O UTLET IN W RITING ALLAN GOODRICH his year’s entries for the clear that our country’s response to the national John F. Kennedy events of September 11 served to instill T Profile in Courage Essay our nation’s youth with a greater Contest for High School appreciation for public servants and Students were more than double those the sacrifices they make for society.” submitted in any previous year. The Shattuck also thanked Fidelity Kennedy Library and Foundation attrib- Investments for sponsoring the uted the overwhelming response of national essay contest and underwrit- students to the events of September 11. ing its expanded outreach to schools. The annual Profile in Courage “We congratulate Fidelity Essay Contest invites students from Investments for their commitment across the nation to write an essay to the ideals of John F. Kennedy,” about a current political issue at the Shattuck said. “We appreciate their local, state or national level and an exemplary support and demonstration elected official in the United States of civic responsibility.” Essay Contest coordinator Lisa Menendez Weidman with this year’s record entries. who is acting courageously to address Past essay contest winners have that issue. This year’s submissions written essays on a wide range of recounts the stories of eight U.S. totaled 2,667, compared with 1,176 individuals including Congresswoman Senators who risked their careers essays submitted last year. Carolyn McCarthy, to fight for what they believed in. “The John F. Kennedy Profile in Councilman Sal Albanese, Arkansas In addition to receiving a $3,000 Courage Essay Contest is aimed at Representative Virgil Hensley Ramsey, first-place prize, this year’s essay helping high school students Congressman , contest winner will be honored by appreciate the importance of public Governor Howard Dean, and Caroline Kennedy and other members service and the difficult choices that Congressman Bart Stupak. of President Kennedy’s family during politicians often face,” said John The award is named for President the Shattuck, Chief Executive Officer of Kennedy’s 1957 Pulitzer prize-winning Ceremony at the John F. Kennedy the Kennedy Library Foundation. “It is book, , which Library on Monday, May 6, 2002.

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