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Morphological and Systematic Studies on Kedrostis Foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn

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Morphological and Systematic Studies on Kedrostis Foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 2 Number 10 (2013) pp. 560-571 http://www.ijcmas.com Research Article Morphological and Systematic studies on Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn J. Nirmala* and R. Pandian Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Presidency College, Chepauk, Chennai 05, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding author A B S T R A C T The traditional plants have been a great source of medicine in developing countries, K e y w o r d s th such as African countries and Asian countries like India. But in the 20 century, the scientists in both developed and developing countries have been growing Kedrostis interest in medicinal plants Accordingly, the study is aimed to investigate possible foetidissima; anti-proliferative effects of Kedrostis foetidissima which is very effective in the anti - treatment of asthma, chest pain and urinary track infection, diarrhea, HIV, Small proliferative pox and skin disease with this back ground, he present study is carried out to effects; analyse morphological and Taxonomical traits. Introduction Medicinal plants, which form the backbone Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. of traditional medicine, in the last few commonly known as Appakovai in Tamil decades have been the subject for very is a medicinal plant found to be growing intense pharmacological studies, this has around the fence and have a very unpleasant been brought about by the smell but cattle feed on it ravenously. It is acknowledgement of the value of medicinal very effective in the treatment of asthma, plants as potential sources of new chest pain and urinary tract infections, compounds of therapeutic value and as diarrhoea, small pox, skin diseases and sources of lead compounds in drug snake bite. The leaf extracts were used as development. anti-fouling agents for the treatment of bloat in cattle. The leaf juice was used for the treatment of cold in children and used In developing countries, it is estimated that as immune modulator. With this about 80% of the population really depends background information the present study is on traditional medicine for their primary aimed to identify the variations used as tool healthcare. So there arises a need to for systematic study of K. foetidissima this study and analyse morphological and analysis were used in various applications. Taxonomomical traits of the medicinal plants. 560 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Kedrostis bennettii (Miq.) W.J. de Wilde & Morphology. Duyfjes Kedrostis capensis A. Meeuse Each and every living organism has a Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. definite form .Study of the external Kedrostis hirtella Cogn. structure or morphology helps us to identify and distinguish living Kedrostis leloja (Forssk. ex J.F Gmel.) organisms. Knowledge of morphology of C.Jeffrey plant is also helpful in the study of various Kedrostis Crassirostrata other fields such as genetics, plant Kedrostis Linpopoensis. breeding, genetic engineering, horticulture, Kedrostis nana crop protection and others. Wide range of Kedrostis gijef flowering plants are identified, descriebed and classified based on their morphology. Kedrostis foetidissima. Taxonomy Tamil = Appakovai Teluigu = Kukumadumda / Nagadonda Synonyms Trichosanthes Kannada = Kukumadumdarnara Bombay = foetidissima (Jacq). Nurakvels cong=1789 Bryonia rostrata, (Rottl) = Ecology and Distribution 1803 Rhychocapa foetida C.B. World wide in distribution. It is Rich in Clarke = 1879 the regions of south Africa and asia. Kedrostis rostrata (Rohl) = 1881 In India : The Kedrostis foetidissima is Kedrostis foetidissima Distributed in the warm and dry areas of (Jacq) Cong=1881 Gujarat, Punjab, Uttarpradesh, Maharastra & Andhrapradesh and it is also found in Botanical name the Malabar, Deccan and Carnatic regions of India. Kedrostis foetidissima(Jacq.) Cogn Key Classification : Benthem & Hooker Ketrostis foetidissima (Jacq) con. in DC. Class : Dicotyledons Monag. phan. 3:634:1881; FINI : 172. Subclass : Polypetalae Trichosanthes foetidissima Jacq.call.bot Series : Calyciflorae 2;341,, 1789.kedrostis rostrata (Rottl) Order : Passiflorales cogn.in DC. manog.phan III 3:636 1881; Family : Cucurbitaceae FPM 381; Mayur - 133; chakra in RBSI Genus : kedrostis 17:169:1959-FFI 11:64 1982. Bryonia Species : Foetidissima rostrata Rottl.in Ges. Naturf. freunde neue schriften ser. 4.213.1803. Rhychocapa Species of Kedrostis foetida C.B. Clarke in Hook. Fl.Brit. Ind II 1879, 627 (Partimm non schrad). plate Kedrostis africana 4674 cumder Rhynocho campa foetida). (L.) Cogn. 561 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Conservation Leaves 5.8 cm long, 7.1 cm breadth and as Kedrostis foetidissima is a least broad as long membranous, arbicular in concerned plant and is a threatened out line, bright green, hairy and more or species it requires severe attention for less scab rid on both sides margins entire conservation. or distantly toothed, cordate at the base. Some time five angled are sublobate, the Cucurbitaceae lobes sub acute, apiculate, The cucurbitaceae is essentially a tropical petioles 2.7-2.8 cm long, hairy. family containing 110 genera and 640 species. In india the family is represented Male flower ; peduncles filiform 2.9 cm by 37 genera and about 97 species long, 0.7 mm at the apex, pedicles several of which are cultivated throughout capillary 0.7 mm long usually bracteolate india. at the base, male flower length 0.7 mm across, in racemes. Calyx tube compunlate Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. calyx length 0.3 mm, rounded at the base Family - Cucurbitaceae teeth minute. Corolla pale yellow. Segment oblong lanceolate, acute, 0.6 Scandent , Monoceious, Stem slender, mm long pubescent, stamens 3 inserted in Branched, angled, Sparsely hairy, Tendrils the middle of calyx tube filaments free simple, Filiform, Glabrous. anthers sub orbicular Root : In Kedrostis root is perennial due to Female Flower; Peduncles 1.3 cm long, presence of Root Stocks. beaked, pubescent, ovary oblong 0.9 mm long, petles are 0.6 mm long, calyx Stem slender distance between node and inter node 8.5 10.2 cm long. 0.2 mm style glabrous, stylar disc small stigma 3 fid. Flower are flask shaped. Figure.1 Seedling stage of Kedrostis foetidissima 562 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Figure.2 Habit of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure.3 Young Tuber of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure.4 Matured tuber of Kedrostis foetidissima 563 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Figure.5 Stem of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure.6 Leaves of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure.7 (a) Leaves Kedrostis foetidissima 564 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Figure.7 (b) Leaf lamina of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure.8 Tendril of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure.9 Female flower of Kedrostis foetidissima 565 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Figure.10 Male flower of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure11 Fruits of Kedrostis foetidissima 566 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Figure.12 Seeds of Kedrostis foetidissima Figure.13 Parts of the Kedrostis foetidissima 2 mm style glabrous, stylar disc small Materials and Methods stigma 3 fid. Flower are flask shaped. Plant materials Fruit; Fruit sub sessile, Deep red, Different parts of leaf, stem, tuber and about4.9 cm long and beaks are 0.6 mm fruit of Kedrostis foetidissima were breadth, hair of fruit 0.2 0.1 mm ovaid, collected during June 2013 to September tapering into a long narrow beak, 2013 . From Southern part of chittoor, pubescent. Andhra pradesh, India. The collected plant materials were identified and their Seed ; Seeds 4 mm long, ovaid, with a authenticity was confirmed by Mathew narrow sharp wing brown . (1981) and Gambel (1986) respectively, 567 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(10): 560-571 Medicinal Plants are called Back bone of Common names, scientific names, world So without plants No life and No Eponyms, synonyms, and Ethynslogy live, Plants play an important role in the Volume II, D.L. By umberto Growth and development of the Quattrocchi. F.L.S. Pg-1358 2000. countries of the world. The Morphometric CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, analysis of the plant Kedrostis Common names, scientific names, foetidissima showed that the plant parts Eponyms, synonyms, and Ethynslogy like stem, leaves, floral parts, fruit and Volume II, D.L. By umberto seeds differ in measurement when Quattrocchi. Volume IV - R-Z- 2309 , compared with the original speices 2000. Ethynslogy Volume II, D.L. By umberto References Quattrocchi. F.L.S. Pg-1358 2000. Fascicles of flora of India By An Excursion Flora of Central Tamil Nadu H. L. Chakravarthy An Excursion Flora of Central Tamil Nadu Fascicles of flora of India By H. L. India By K M . MATTHEW 1995 Chakravarthy Andhra Pradesh India by Dr.K. Flora of Bridish India by J.D Hooker Madhavan Chetty, K.Siraj, K. Tulasi 1897 Rao 2008 Pg.139. Flora of Bridish India by J.D Hooker Flora Applied Plant geography, Pramod ragare of Tamil nadu India By N C . Nair & 2010 A N Henry, G R. Kumari & V. Chitra Botanical and Vernacular Names of South Flora of Tamil nadu India By N C . Nair & Botanical and Vernacular Names of South A N Henry, G R. Kumari & V. Chitra Indian Plants By Magadi R. Gurudeva Flowering Plants of chittoor district - 2001 Flowering Plants of chittoor district Bulletin of the Madras Government Andhra Pradesh India by Dr.K. museum By P V . Mayuranathan Madhavan Chetty, K.Siraj, K. Tulasi C. Livingestone, A.N. Henry - 1994 Rao 2008 Pg.139. Bulletin of the Madras Government Gossary of Indian Herbs by Dr. Gyan. C. museum By P V . Mayuranathan Jain. 2005 C. Livingestone, A.N. Henry - 1994 Illustration on the flora of the tamilnadu Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants Carnatic K.MATHEW, page-298 By Ram P. Rastogi, B.N. Mehrotra India By K M .
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