O PRZEDSTAWICIELACH RODZIN PHYLLOCERATIDAE ZITTEL, 1884,. HAPLOCERATIDAE JZITTEL, L§Śtl OPPELIIDAE BONARELLL 1894 (AMMONOIDEA) W KELOWEJU JURY CZĘSTOCHOWSKIEJ

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O PRZEDSTAWICIELACH RODZIN PHYLLOCERATIDAE ZITTEL, 1884,. HAPLOCERATIDAE JZITTEL, L§Śtl OPPELIIDAE BONARELLL 1894 (AMMONOIDEA) W KELOWEJU JURY CZĘSTOCHOWSKIEJ INSTYTUT GEOLOGICZNY, BIULETYN 295, 1976 Г. Z badań Ktratygraficzno-paueonitologieznyich w Polsce. Tom IX UKD 564.I53:,551.T92.23/.31.022.I2(438—13—015 jura częstochowska) Janusz KOPIK O PRZEDSTAWICIELACH RODZIN PHYLLOCERATIDAE ZITTEL, 1884,. HAPLOCERATIDAE JZITTEL, l§śTl OPPELIIDAE BONARELLL 1894 (AMMONOIDEA) W KELOWEJU JURY CZĘSTOCHOWSKIEJ (z 7 fig. i 2 tafol.) Streszczenie Analizie paleontologicznej została poddana kolekcja amonitów kelowejskich z jury częstochowskiej zgrupowanych w trzech rodzinach: Phylloeeratidae, Haplo­ ceratidae i Oippeliidae. Znaleziska pochodziły ze skondensowanych utworów dol­ nego i górnego (sensu polonico) keloweju, z poziomów Sigaloceras całlowense, pars—Kosmoceras duncani, pars (— Quenislted'toeerais flextaostatuim). Opisano 6 gatunków amonitów należących do następujących rodzajów: Ptychophylloceras, Calliphylloceras, Lissoceras, Oxycerites, Strungia i Thraxites. Omówiony zespół gatunków w powiązaniu z pozostałymi grupami faunistycznymi częstochowskiego keloweju dowodzi dominacji na tym terenie wpływów medyterańskiej (submedy- terańskiej) prowincji zoogeograficznej. WSTĘP Amonity należące do rodzin Phylloceratidae, Haploceratidae i Oppe- liidae mimo względnej rzadkości występowania i niezbyt dużego zróżni­ cowania gatunkowego stanowią wśród skamieniałości kelowejskicih Jury Polskiej 1 grupę nader interesującą, godną nieco szerszego omówienia. Szczególnie istotne znaczenie mają powiązania omawianego zespołu z szeroko pojętą medyterańską prowincją zoogeograficzną. Wpływ tej prowincji na obszarze jury częstochowskiej dokumentuje obecność te- tydzkich Phylloceratidae, a także ograniczone zasięgi zwartego występo­ wania pozostałych dwóch grup amonitów: Oppeliidae i Haploceratidae. Na tle wspomnianego zespołu amonitów pozostałe licznie reprezen­ towane w keloweju jury częstochowskiej rodziny, takie jak: Reineckeii- dae, Paehyceratidae, Macrocephalitidae, Perisphinctidae i inne, jeszcze 1 Termin zaproponowany przez Profesora S. Z. Różyckiego (I860) zastępujący dotychczas używaną nazwę jura krakowslko-wieluńska. 110 Janusz Kopifc [2] wyraźniej uwypuklają sufomedyterański charakter fauny kelowejskiej tego regionu. Obecność w keloweju górnym jury częstochowskiej zróż­ nicowanego zespołu gatunków rodzaju Kosmoceras — uznawanych po­ wszechnie za element Iborealny — może istotnie świadczyć o istnieniu faunistycznych wpływów tej prowincji, zasadniczy jednak rozwój tej grupy amonitów w rejonie Częstochowy dokonywał się w obrębie strefy submedyterańskiej. Przedstawiciele podrodziny Kosmoceratinae, jak wy­ nika z ich rozmieszczenia geograficznego, równie licznie pojawiają się w strefie submedyterańskiej (Jura Szwabska i Frankońska, góry Jura, Portugalia, itp.), jak i subborealnej. W mediteraneum właściwym (poza Kaukazem) i w strefie borealnej sensu stricto kosmoceratydy występują już tylko sporadycznie. Kelowejskie gatunki należące do rodzin Phylloceratidae, Haplocerati­ dae i Oppeliidae były z obszaru jury częstochowskiej wymieniane już niejednokrotnie. Poprzednio cytowali je m. in. M. Neumayr (1871), K. Wójcik (1911), J. Siemiradzki (1922), a w latach powojennych S. Z. Różycki (1953) i J. Kopik (1967). Dotychczas jednak grupa ta nie została szczegółowo opisana i zilustrowana. Wymienione w dalszej części artykułu amonity pochodziły (poza jednym okazem) z jednego tylko odsłonięcia we Wrzosowej koło Często­ chowy. Istniejący od blisko osiemdziesięciu lat, znany kilku pokoleniom polskich geologów jury kamieniołom we Wrzosowej — obecnie już za­ rzucony i zarośnięty — w latach pięćdziesiątych bieżącego stulecia był intensywnie eksploatowany. (Przedmiotem tej eksploatacji były piaszczy­ ste wapienie dolnego keloweju, w wyniku czego odsłonięto na dużej prze­ strzeni bogate w skamieniałości warstwy górnego keloweju. Dzięki tym sprzyjającym warunkom przynajmniej częściowo udało się odtworzyć nie istniejące już obecnie kolekcje faunistyczne poprzednich badaczy jury częstochowskiej. STRATYGRAFIA Większość opisanych obecnie amonitów, a więc Ptychophylloceras flabellatum (Neumayr), Calliphylloceras demidojj} (Rousseau), Lissoceras voultense (Oppel), Thraańtes depereti (Lemoine) i Strungia voultensis Elmi pochodziła ze skondensowanej, niewielkiej miąższości (około 20 cm) warstwy bulastej (fig. 1, 2) zawierającej w spoiwie marglistym otoczaki i konkrecje wapienne oraz bezładnie rozmieszczoną i wymieszaną faunę kilku poziomów amonitowych dolnego i górnego keloweju {sensu poloni­ co). Warstwa ta we Wrzosowej obejmuje przedział stratygraficzny za­ warty między poziomami Sigaloceras calloviense i Kosmoceras duncani (= poziomem Peltoceras athleta auctt.). W 'Pierzchnie koło Kłobucka warstwa ta zawiera ponadto amonity poziomu Quenstedtoceras flexico- statum. Pokrywa ją w opisywanych odsłonięciach równie niewielkiej,, kilkunastocentymetrowej miąższości warstwa stromatolitowa zawierająca we Wrzosowej faunę wyższych części poziomu Kosmoceras duncani. W rejonie Kłobucka warstwa stromatolitowa należy już do poziomów: Quenstedtoceras flexicostatum, pars i Q. lamberti, pars (fig. 1). Bezpośrednio па warstwie stromatolitowej leży cienka, zaledwie pół- centyrnetrowej grubości warstewka zielonawego iłu marglistego (fig. 2r [3] O przedstawicielach rodzin Phylloceratidae Zittel, 1884... 111 Fig. 1. Wykształcenie litologiczne i stratygrafia wyższego keloweju i dolnego Oksfordu w odsłonięciach we Wrzosowej koło Częstochowy oraz Pierzchnie koło Kłobucka 1 — wapienie piaszczyte, 2 — gruzłowate wapienie piaszczyste, 3 — warstwa bulasta, 4 — warstwa stromatolitowa, 5 — ii marglisty, 6 — wapienie i margle scyfiowe (warstwy jasnogórskie) Lithological development and stratigraphy of the younger Callovian and Lower Oxfordian in the outcrops at Wrzosowa near Częstochowa, and at Pierzchno near Kłobuck 1 — sandy limestones, 2 — lumpy sandy limestones, 3 — Nodular Bed, 4 — Stromatolltic Bed, 5 — marly clays, 6 — Scyphia Limestones and marls (Jasna Góra Beds) warstwa e), która zastała osadzona w czasie niesłychanie silnego zaha­ mowania sedymentacji — w warunkach (bliskich sedymentacyjnej diaste- mie. Czas tworzenia się tej warstewki we Wrzosowej przypadał na po­ ziomy Quenstedtoceras flexicostatum, Q. lamberti i Q. mariae, w Pierzchnie natomiast już tylko na wyższą część poziomu Q. lamberti. Profil jurajski we Wrzosowej zamykają osady margliste i wapien­ ne (warsWy jasnogórskie) poziomów Cardioeeras bukowski! i С. exca- vatum (L. Malinowska, 1963). W rejonie Kłobucka sedymentacja tych utworów rozpoczęła się nieco wcześniej, bo już w poziomie Quensted­ toceras mariae. Fig. 2. Profil wyższego keloweju i dolnego Oksfordu w kamieniołomie we Wrzo­ sowej koło Częstochowy a — piaszczyste wapienie dolnego keloweju (poziom Sigaloceras calloviense), b — piaszczyste wapienie gruzłowate (poziom Sigaloceras calloviense), с — warstwa bulasta (poziom Siga­ loceras calloviense, pars—Kosmoceras duncani, pars), d — warstwa stromatolitowa (poziom Kosmoceras duncani, pars), e — warstewka ilu marglistego, glaukonitycznego (poziomy Quen­ stedtoceras flexicostaitum—Q. mariae), f — warstwy jasnogórskie, wapienie i margle scy- fiowe poziomu Cardioceras bukowskii Sequence of the younger Callovian and Lower Oxifordian in the quarry at Wrzo­ sowa near Częstochowa a — arenaceous limestone of the Lower Callovian (Sigaloceras calloviense Zone), b — lumpy arenaceous limestone (Sigaloceras calloviense Zone), с — Nodular Bed (Sigaloceras callo­ viense Zone, pars—Kosmoceras duncani Zone, pars), d — Stramatolitic Bed (Kosmoceras duncani Zone, pars), e — layer of marly glauconitic clay (Quenstedtoceras flexicostatum —Q. mariae Zones), f — Jasna Góra Beds, Scyphia Limestones and marls of the Cardioceras bukowskii Zone [5] przedstawicielach rodzin Phylloceratidae Zittel, 1884... 113 CZĘŚĆ PALEONTOLOGICZNA Objaśnienie symboli i skrótów użytych w zestawieniach tabelarycznych i opisach paleontologicznych D — średnica okazu H — wysokość skrętu, liczona od szram umbilikalnego do szczytu syfonałnego h — stosunek H : D W — grubość skrętu w — stosunek W : D Wj — stosunek W : H — szerokość pępka liczona od początku ścianki pępkowej (szwu umbilikal- U nego) — stosunek U : D u — ostatni skręt lw — liczba widocznych na okazie skrętów nw — komora mieszkalna bch — fragmokon phr — makrokonchy (Ma) — mikrokonchy (mi) — brak analizowanego elementu rzeźby x — publikacja, w (której znajduje się opis, ilustracja lub powtórna reproduk­ cja okazów typowych (holotypu, lektotypu lub syntypów) (+) pomiar niepełny E zatoka syfonaina (zewnętrzna) Rząd AMMONOJDEA Zittel, 1884 Podrząd PHYLLOCERATINA Atfkell, 1950 Nadrodzina PHYLLOCERATAOEAE Zittel, 1084 Rodzina PHYLLOCERATIDAE Zittel, 1884 Podrodzina CALLIPHYLLOCERATTOAE Spath, H927 Rodzaj Ptychophylloceras Spath, 1927 (Gatunek typowy: Phylloceras feddeni Waagen, 1875) Ptychophylloceras flabellatum (Neumayr, 1871) Talbl. I, fig. 1 a^c; fig. 3 w tekście x 1871 Phylloceras flabellatum Neum.; Neumayr M., p. 3128—^324, tab. XV, fig. 5a, b; tab. 16, fig. 4, 5, 6. 1905 Phylloceras flabellatum Neum.; Popovici-Haltzeg V., p. 12—13, tab. I, fig. 5, 6, 7, 10, li; tab. IV, fig. 9, fig. 1, 2 in textu. 1915 Phylloceras flabellatum Neum.; Lóczy L., p. 287^—288, tab. I, fig. 4; tab. II, fig. 1; fig. lil in, textu. 1935 Phylloceras flabellatum Neum.; Passendorfer E„ p. 89—90, tab. II, fig. 2. 1,958 Phychophylloceras flabellatum (Neman.); Collignon M„ tab. XXI, fig. 85. 1967 Calliphylloceras (Ptychophylloceras) flabellatum (Neumayr, 187/1); Kunz В., p. 272 —< 273, tab. 21, ffig. 1. aZy; IG 1292 Rewfllnv ? IL400>401, Wrzosowa, warstwa bulasta, kelowej ddlny-gorny pro parte, poziomy
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