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L:\Lmcbryde\Ethan\Mohamud\Trial Memorandum.Wpd Case 3:10-cr-00475-KI Document 228 Filed 10/23/12 Page 1 of 84 Page ID#: 2016 S. AMANDA MARSHALL, OSB #95347 United States Attorney District of Oregon ETHAN D. KNIGHT, OSB #99298 PAMALA R. HOLSINGER, OSB #89263 Assistant United States Attorneys [email protected] [email protected] 1000 SW Third, Suite 600 Portland, OR 97204-2902 Telephone: (503) 727-1000 Facsimile: (503) 727-1117 Attorneys for United States of America UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF OREGON PORTLAND DIVISION UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Case No. 3:10-CR-00475-KI v. MOHAMED OSMAN MOHAMUD, GOVERNMENT’S TRIAL MEMORANDUM Defendant. Case 3:10-cr-00475-KI Document 228 Filed 10/23/12 Page 2 of 84 Page ID#: 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Case Status................................................................1 II. Statement of Facts..........................................................1 III. Elements of the Offense ....................................................34 A. Attempted Use of Weapon of Mass Destruction ............................35 1. Attempt.....................................................35 2. Weapons of Mass Destruction ...................................38 3. Without Lawful Authority ......................................39 B. Target of the Offense ................................................40 1. The Commerce Clause and 18 U.S.C. § 2332a(a) ....................40 IV. Entrapment ..............................................................42 A. Predisposition ......................................................43 1. Defendant’s Character and Reputation.............................45 2. Initial Suggestion of Criminal Activity ............................47 3. Profit Motive ................................................48 4. Reluctance to Commit the Criminal Offense........................49 5. Nature of the Inducement.......................................51 B. Inducement........................................................52 C. Vulnerability .......................................................54 D. The Entrapment Instruction ...........................................54 E. Requested Jury Instruction............................................55 V. Evidentiary Issues.........................................................57 A. Predisposition Evidence ..............................................57 B. Hearsay...........................................................59 1. Defendant’s Prior Statements–Rule 801(d)(2) .......................59 2. The Rule of Completeness......................................61 3. Defendant’s Self-Serving Hearsay Is Admissible ....................63 C. Expert Testimony ...................................................64 1. Legal Authority ..............................................64 2. Evan Kohlmann ..............................................65 a. Expert Qualifications....................................65 b. Summary of Mr. Kohlmann’s Testimony ....................69 c. Mr. Kohlmann’s Testimony Is Relevant and Helpful to the Jury . 70 3. Jeremy Springer ..............................................73 a. Expert Qualifications....................................73 b. Summary of Mr. Springer’s Testimony......................73 D. Stipulations........................................................74 E. Demonstrative Exhibits...............................................74 F. Jury Selection ......................................................75 G. Limited Cross-Examination of Witnesses to Be Recalled ....................75 VI. Classified Information–CIPA Section 8 ........................................76 Government’s Trial Memorandum Page i Case 3:10-cr-00475-KI Document 228 Filed 10/23/12 Page 3 of 84 Page ID#: 2018 TABLE OF AUTHORITIES FEDERAL CASES Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000) .......................................35 Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 (1993) .................64, 65 Hernandez-Cruz v. Holder, 651 F.3d 1094 (9th Cir. 2011) .............................35 Jacobson v. United States, 503 U.S. 540 (1992) ............................43, 44, 53, 55 Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael, 526 U.S. 137 (1999) .............................64, 65 Mathews v. United States, 485 U.S. 58 (1988) ......................................54 Primiano v. Cook, 598 F.3d 558 (9th Cir. 2010) ..................................64–65 Sorrells v. United States, 287 U.S. 435 (1932) ................................42, 43, 53 United States v. Abu-Jihaad, 553 F. Supp. 2d 121 (D. Conn. 2008) ......................72 United States v. Al-Cholan, 610 F.3d 945 (6th Cir. 2010) ..........................55–56 United States v. Amuso, 21 F.3d 1251 (2d Cir. 1994) .................................72 United States v. Black, 767 F.2d 1334 (9th Cir. 1985) ................................60 United States v. Blanco, 168 F.3d 502 (9th Cir. 1999) ................................62 United States v. Brand, 467 F.3d 179 (2d Cir. 2006) .................................56 United States v. Buffington, 815 F.2d 1292 (9th Cir.1987) ..........................35–36 United States v. Burreson, 643 F.2d 1344 (9th Cir. 1981) ..........................59, 60 United States v. Butera, 677 F.2d 1376 (11th Cir. 1982) ..............................76 United States v. Cecil, 96 F.2d 1344 (10th Cir. 1996) .................................56 United States v. Collicott, 92 F.3d 973 (9th Cir. 1996) ................................62 United States v. Console, 13 F.3d 641 (3d Cir. 1993) .................................60 Government’s Trial Memorandum Page ii Case 3:10-cr-00475-KI Document 228 Filed 10/23/12 Page 4 of 84 Page ID#: 2019 United States v. Davis, 36 F.3d 1424 (9th Cir. 1994) ...........................45, 51, 53 United States v. Dozal-Bencomo, 952 F.2d 1246 (10th Cir. 1991) .......................54 United States v. Fernandez, 839 F.2d 639 (9th Cir. 1988) ..........................62, 63 United States v. Freeman, 498 F.3d 893 (9th Cir. 2007) ...............................65 United States v. Gambino, 818 F. Supp. 541 (E.D.N.Y. 1993) ..........................58 United States v. Garza-Juarez, 992 F.2d 896 (9th Cir. 1993) ...........................52 United States v. Goetzke, 494 F.3d 1231 (9th Cir. 2007) ..............................35 United States v. Gurolla, 333 F.3d 944 (9th Cir. 2003) ............................54, 55 United States v. Hackley, 662 F.3d 671 (4th Cir. 2011) ...............................56 United States v. Hankey, 203 F.3d 1160 (9th Cir. 2000) ............................64–65 United States v. Hedgcorth, 873 F.2d 1307 (9th Cir. 1989) ............................59 United States v. Jackson, 549 F.2d 517 (8th Cir. 1977) ...............................76 United States v. Jones, 231 F.3d 508 (9th Cir. 2000) ..............................44, 50 United States v. Kaminski, 692 F.2d 505 (8th Cir. 1982) ..............................63 United States v. Karaouni, 379 F.3d 1139 (9th Cir. 2004) .............................39 United States v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995) .....................................40, 41 United States v. Lorenzo, 43 F.3d 1303 (9th Cir. 1995) ............................45–46 United States v. Makhlouta, 790 F.2d 1400 (9th Cir. 1986) ............................55 United States v. McClelland, 72 F.3d 717 (9th Cir. 1995) ....................42, 44, 51–52 United States v. McClintock, 748 F.2d 1278 (9th Cir. 1984) ...........................58 United States v. McDavid, 396 F. App’x 365 (9th Cir. 2010) (unpublished) ......45, 46–47, 48 United States v. McElroy, 697 F.2d 459 (2d Cir. 1982) ...............................58 Government’s Trial Memorandum Page iii Case 3:10-cr-00475-KI Document 228 Filed 10/23/12 Page 5 of 84 Page ID#: 2020 United States v. McVeigh, 153 F.3d 1166 (10th Cir. 1998) .............................35 United States v. McVeigh, 940 F. Supp. 1571 (D. Colo. 1996) ..........................41 United States v. Mendoza-Prado, 314 F.3d 1099 (9th Cir. 2002) .....................45, 49 United States v. Mitchell, 502 F.3d 931 (9th Cir. 2007) ...............................61 United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598 (2000) .....................................40 United States v. Nichols, 169 F.3d 1255 (10th Cir. 1999) ...........................37, 41 United States v. Nobari, 574 F.3d 1065 (9th Cir. 2009) .........................45, 47, 49 United States v. Normand, 16 F. App’x 719 (9th Cir. 2001) (unpublished) ................62 United States v. Paracha, 2006 WL 12768 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 3, 2006) .....................72 United States v. Pariseau, 685 F.3d 1129 (9th Cir. 2012) ..............................36 United States v. Poehlman, 217 F.3d 692 (9th Cir. 2000) .....................43, 51, 52–53 United States v. Polk, 118 F.3d 286 (5th Cir. 1997) ...............................37–38 United States v. Reilly, 33 F.3d 1396 (3d Cir. 1994) ..................................60 United States v. Russell, 411 U.S. 423 (1973) .......................................43 United States v. Sandoval-Mendoza, 472 F.3d 645 (9th Cir. 2006) ......................54 United States v. Santos-Riviera, 183 F.3d 367 (5th Cir. 1999) ..........................40 United States v. Scarpa, 897 F.2d 63 (2d Cir. 1990) ..................................57 United States v. Scott, 767 F.2d 1308 (9th Cir.1985) .................................36 United States v. Simas, 937 F.2d 459 (9th Cir. 1991) ..............................42, 55 United States v. Smith, 924 F.2d 889 (9th Cir. 1991) .................................42 United States v. Soderman, 429 F. App’x 663 (9th Cir. 2011)
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