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The Marranos
The Marranos A History in Need of Healing Peter Hocken www.stucom.nl doc 0253uk Copyright © 2006 Toward Jerusalem Council II All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Toward Jerusalem Council II. Short extracts may be quoted for review purposes. Scripture quotations in this publication are taken from Revised Standard Version of the Bible Copyright © 1952 [2nd edition, 1971] by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. 2 www.stucom.nl doc 0253uk Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................... 5 Part I: The Spanish Background ............................................ 9 Part II: The Marranos and the Inquisition .............................. 13 Part III: The Life of the Crypto-Jews .................................... 29 Part IV: The Issues for Toward Jerusalem Council II ............. 47 Epilogue ............................................................................... 55 3 www.stucom.nl doc 0253uk 4 www.stucom.nl doc 0253uk Introduction This booklet on the Marranos, the Jews of Spain, Portugal and Latin America baptized under duress, is the third in the series of the TJCII (Toward Jerusalem Council II) booklets. TJCII was launched in 19961. In March 1998 the committee members and a group of in- tercessors made a prayer journey to Spain, visiting Granada, Cordoba and Toledo. From this time the TJCII leadership knew that one day we would have to address the history and sufferings of the Marranos. An explanatory note is needed about the terminology. -
Act II, Signature Xvii - (1)
We can also trace that peculiar social movement which led some factories, ships, restaurants, and households to clean up their backstages to such an extent that, like monks, Communists, or German aldermen, their guards are always up and there is no place where their front is down, while at the same time members of the audience become sufficiently entranced with the society's id to explore the places that had been cleaned up for them [Erving Goffman, The Presentation of Self (New York: Anchor Press, 1959), p. 247]. II — xvii — What Was That Good For? Coalition forces pour into Ossian. In Las Vegas, Roveretto Messimo ponders taking on a new client to pay his bills. A U.S. detachment breaks into the Impersonal Terrace while Fuald, deported back to Ossian, plots revenge by organizing the looting of the Hermitage. Charles, drugged by Ferguson’s alien soporifics, agrees to print an article exposing the eco– terrorist aims of the Founder’s League. In the 13th century, the fanatical inquisitor Conrad prepares to declare anathema against Fr. Anselm. ~ page 215 ~ This is the cover art for the single "War" by the artist Edwin Starr. The cover art copyright is believed to belong to the label, Gordy, or the graphic artist.* "War" Act II, Signature xvii - (1) *[Image & caption credit and following text courtesy of Wikipedia]: "War" is a soul song written by Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong for the Motown label in 1969. Whitfield first produced the song — a blatant anti-Vietnam War protest — with The Temptations as the original vocalists. After Motown began receiving repeated requests to release "War" as a single, Whitfield re-recorded the song with Edwin Starr as the vocalist, deciding to withhold the Temptations ' version so as not to alienate their more conservative fans. -
Notes Sobre Persecucions Antixuetes a Mallorca En El Segle Xix
NOTES SOBRE PERSECUCIONS ANTIXUETES A MALLORCA EN EL SEGLE XIX Si a Mallorca el segle XVIII, per moites i diverses raons, fou un segle emhientment antixueta,1 el segle XIX no resta a la saga; fins i tot es pot afirmar que en certs aspectes i degut a les agitades 11 u i tes politi ques entre liberáis i absolutistes, iguala o supera, sobretot ais seus co- mençaments, l'antixuetisme heretat de la centuria anterior. Les motiva- cions racistes podien baver canviat perqué el panorama social i polític de Tilla s'havia altérât pro funda ment, pero l'odi contra el xueta continua¬ va invariable encara que basât en supósits distints per causa de les dis tintes circumstàncies. Quan comen ça el segle, eselata la guerra contra Ka polcó, i la so- cictat mallorquína, si bé allunyada de Tescenari de la lluita, es commou pro fu n dament. L'allan de refugiats précédents de la península i les corresponents baralles idéologiques entre el dos partits oposats trastor nen el pausat ritme de la vida mallorquína i ben prest Mallorca es couvcrteix en un camp de batalla on els esdeveniments publies o pri- vats liavien d'influir per força sobre el mallorquins d'aquella época turbulenta. '2 Pero el que a nosaltres eus intéressa és la situació deis xuetes enmig d'aquell torbelí de passions en qué cada bàndol maldava de debo per a safalcar el contra ri sense gaire es crup oís de con s ciencia. És natural que en un ambient tan espiritat en qué les noticies de la guerra contra Napoleó arriba ven barrejades amb informacions duna altra guerra interna que es lluirava a les Corts de Cadis i per tot arreu 1 Vid, JULIÁN PAZ, "Redamaciones de los mallorquines llamados de la Calle sobre su condición social" RABM, XVI, 1907 pàgs. -
THE SOCIETY for CRYPTO-Judaic STUDIES
THE SOCIETY FOR CRYPTO-JUDAIC STUDIES cryptojews.com JS C S STUDIES C AI D -JU CRYPTO SOCIETY FOR VOL. 50 / 51 • AUTUMN / WINTER • 2020 / 5781 • ISSUES 31 / 32 FEATURE No Matter How You Spell It — Finding Jewish Life in BY DANI ROTSTEIN Majorca n November 2014, I moved to Majorca (or Mallorca), an island off Spain, thinking I would never meet another Jewish person there. I was quickly proven wrong when I found out about a volunteer-led synagogue with a small group of followers on the Iisland. As I sat at one of the services, I learned that not everyone there was Jewish. In fact, there’s a group of people on the island known as Chuetas (spelled Xueta in Catalan, which is spoken on the island), who identify as Catholic yet who quietly preserve the light of a Jewish community nearly forgotten. The Chuetas are descendants of Majorca’s once-thriving medieval Jewish community, and some feel connected to their Jewish ancestry to this day. This discovery blew me away as I thought about how powerful Jewish history is: These people are resurrecting a nearly- dissolved Jewish legacy from over 600 years ago! I was soon invited to attend monthly Shabbat dinners with a small group of Chuetas who had converted and/or returned to Judaism. I looked forward every month to spending time with them, learning from them, hearing their incredible family stories that were Above, author untold to the general public. I brought my Dani Rotstein non-Jewish girlfriend at the time (now my Right top, wife and mother of our son) who also began Camp de Mar to express an interest in learning about coastline, Judaism, as I was expressing an interest to Majorca, Spain re-learn my Judaism. -
Ebook Download the Qing Empire and the Opium War the Collapse
THE QING EMPIRE AND THE OPIUM WAR THE COLLAPSE OF THE HEAVENLY DYNASTY 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Mao Haijian | 9781107069879 | | | | | The Qing Empire and the Opium War The Collapse of the Heavenly Dynasty 1st edition PDF Book These elites resented Western ethical systems, which were seen as a threat to their power, and often viewed missionaries as a tool of Western imperialism. However, this system began to decline when families who attempted to "abuse" the system appeared for social competition and authorities speculated that some families coerced their young widows to commit suicide at the time of their husband's death to obtain more honors. Archived from the original on 25 October — via Dartmouth. Mao, Haijian. Negotiations lasted for several weeks as the British delegation insisted the treaty be accepted by Daoguang Emperor. These reinforcements arrived on 25 May, and the British counter-attacked, taking the last four Qing forts above Canton and bombarding the city. The Manchus' continued dominance was ensured by an ethnic quota for top bureaucratic appointments. Main article: Destruction of opium at Humen. Archived from the original on 21 July When the British fleet arrived off of Zhoushan, Elliot demanded the city surrender. Cengage Learning. Under the terms of the limited peace later widely referred to as "The Ransom of Canton" , the British were paid to withdraw beyond the Bogue forts, an action they completed by 31 May. Size and dynastic decline. Main article: Qing literati. Qianlong was more preoccupied with artistic pursuits. The Katoor dynasty of Afghanistan also paid tribute to the Qing dynasty of China until the midth century. -
Texto Completo (Pdf)
MEMORIES DE LA REIAL ACADEMIA MALLORQUINA D'ESTUDIS GENEALOGICS, HERALDICS I HISTORICS Núm. 14 PALMA 2004 Núm. 14 Director de Publicacions: Antonio Planas Rosselló Consell de Redacció: P. Antoni Gili Ferrer Pere de Montaner Alonso Antoni Mut Calafell Manuel Oliver Moragues Rafe1 Serra de La Creu O Isabel del Val Valdivieso Maria Barceló Crespí Sebastih Trias Mercant José M" Sevilla Marcos Gabriel Llompart Moragues Joana M" Palou Sampol Antonio Planas Rosselló Miguel Ferrer Flórez Román Piña Homs pels seus articles Reservats tots els drets. Cap part d'aquesta revista pot ésser reproduida, emmagatzemada en un sistema d'infonnitica o transmesa de qualsevol forma o per qualsevol mitjh, electronic, mechic, fotocopia, gravació o altres metodes sense previ i exprés permís de l'editor de la revista. ISSN 1137-6406 Dipbsit legal PM 658-93 Imprks a les Illes Balears per: IMPREMTA POLITECNICA Carrer de Can Troncoso, 3 Telefon 97 1 7 1 26 60 07001 PALMA Isabel del Val Valdivieso Isabel la Católica: una mujer para el trono de Castilla Maria Barceló Crespí Romia Rovira i Genovard (1422?-1460?) i l'entorn familiar Sebastik Trias Mercant Una lectura atrevida del "De Institutione Feminae Christianae" de Lluís Vives 39 José M" Sevilla Marcos El Lulismo de Isabel la Católica Gabriel Llompart Moragues "La dona Granada", una empresaria de baños del siglo XIV Antonio Planas Rosselló La condición estamental de los notarios en la Mallorca del Antiguo Régimen 77 Joana Maria Palou Sampol Art i Humanisme a Mallorca Miguel Ferrer Flórez Inquisición, judíos y judaizantes Román Piña Homs Letargo y dramático despertar de la Inquisición mallorquina en el siglo XVII 119 Informe de l'Acad2mia sobre l'escut i bandera del Municipi d'Esporles 137 Memoria de la Reial Acad2mia Mallorquina dJEstudisGenealdgics, Heraldics i Histories. -
Chinax Course Notes
Part 6: The Manchus and the Qing 23: The Qing Vision of Empire Professor Mark Elliot taught most of this section, allowing us to benefit from his personal focus on the Qing and the Manchus. Professor Bol stepped in for one week to teach The Scholars and Prosperous Suzhou, which must have been his special interest. It was one of the most fascinating weeks of the course129 and by far the toughest. Historical Overview The origins of the Qing dynasty date back to the 1630s with a peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng, a former postal official. Indeed, this may be the first recorded instance of an individual 'going postal.' 130 Li's rebellion spread through central China, drawing upon the anger of farmers, clerks, and soldiers who were devastated by, among other things, the inflation of copper currency against the silver required for tax payments.131 By the 1640s, the rebel army was moving toward Beijing. Meanwhile, the Manchus, descendents of the Jurchens of the Jin dynasty, were uniting tribal groups northeast of China, forging alliances with the eastern Mongols and raiding the Ming, all under the leadership of Nurhaci. By the late 1620s, the Ming had lost control of the northeast. Hong Taiji, Nurhaci's son and successor, re-organized and strengthened the Jin state, and in the 1630s conquered Korea, bolstering Manchu security and prestige. In 1636, Hong renamed his dynasty the Great Qing (da qing). In 1644, Li's rebels captured Beijing, leading the Ming emperor to hang himself. Shortly after that, the Ming general Wu Sangui, who was guarding the Great Wall at the Shanhai Pass, allied with the Manchus against Li Zicheng, deciding that he preferred the organized armies of the Manchus to the pillaging forces of the rebellion. -
Analysis of the Shamanic Empire of the Early Qing, Its Role in Inner Asian
THE SHAMANIC EMPIRE AND THE HEAVENLY ASTUTE KHAN: ANALYSIS OF THE SHAMANIC EMPIRE OF THE EARLY QING, ITS ROLE IN INNER ASIAN HEGEMONY, THE NATURE OF SHAMANIC KHANSHIP, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MANCHU IDENTITY A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI’I AT MANOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY May 2020 By Stephen Garrett Thesis Committee: Shana Brown, Chairperson Edward Davis Wensheng Wang Keywords: Qing Dynasty, Manchu, Mongol, Inner Asia, Shamanism, Religion and Empire Acknowledgments: I would like to first and foremost show my deepest gratitude to my master’s thesis advisor, Dr. Shana Brown, whose ongoing uplifting support and instrumental advice were central to my academic success, without which I couldn’t have reached the finish line. I would also like to extend deepest thanks to my master’s thesis committee members Dr. Edward Davis and Dr. Wensheng Wang, who freely offered their time, efforts, and expertise to support me during this thesis project. Additionally, I would like to extend thanks to Dr. Mathew Lauzon and Dr. Matthew Romaniello, who both offered a great deal of academic and career advice, for which I am greatly appreciative. Special thanks to my peers: Ryan Fleming, Reed Riggs, Sun Yunhe, Wong Wengpok, and the many other friends and colleagues I have made during my time at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. They have always been a wellspring of academic advice, discussion, and support. While writing my master’s thesis, I have had the pleasure of working with the wonderful professional staff and faculty of the University of Hawaii at Manoa, whose instruction and support were invaluable to my academic success. -
Issue 7, 4 Part 1A.Qxd
THE JEWS IN SPAIN With thanks to the many contributors to this feature in Spain, the UK, the USA and Canada and particular thanks to Michael Alpert and Dominique Tomasov Blinder for the advice they provided. 11 JEWS IN SPAIN TIMELINE MICHAEL ALPERT CHRISTIAN SPAIN JEWS RETURN TO SPAIN 13th century There is rapid Christian 1834-5 Lionel de Rothschild is invited to conquest of Islamic Spain and attempts to Madrid to organise Spanish finances. limit the administrative role of Jews. 1859-60 Spain reconnects with its exiled 1263 Rabbi Moshe ben Nahman Jews in Morocco. A Jewish community (Nahmanides or the Ramban) defends established in Seville. Judaism at Disputation of Barcelona. 1865 Statutes of ‘Purity of Blood’ 1348 The Black Death unleashes attacks abolished. on Jews who are thought to be responsible 1924 Spain allows Sephardim to acquire for the epidemic. Spanish nationality. June 1391 Violent attacks on Jewish 1931 The Constitution of the Second communities. Many Jews accept Republic allows public practice of Christianity. Judaism. 1413-1414 Disputation of Tortosa between 1936-75 The Franco regime impedes the Jewish leaders and converts leads to practice of Judaism but slowly comes to general weakening of Jewish solidarity and tolerate it. mass conversion. However, many converts From late1940s There is a wave of (New Christians) continue to practise immigration of Moroccan Jews. Judaism secretly. 1967 Law of Religious Liberty allows the 1449 Statute of Toledo marks the open practice of Judaism in Spain. beginning of ‘Purity of Blood’ 1970s/ 80s Jewish immigrants arrive from discrimination against Jewish converts to South America, mostly from Argentina, Christianity, reflecting suspicions that the fleeing the oppressive regime and, later, latter still live as Jews. -
Nicola Di Cosmo, University of Canterbury
Nicola Di Cosmo, University of Canterbury European Technology and Manchu Power: Reflections on the "Military Revolution" in Seventeenth Century China Paperfor the International Congress ofHistorical Sciences, Oslo 2000 DRAFT COPY - NOT FOR CITATION "The rebel soldiers, positioned at the entrance of the mountain pass were not ready [for our attack]. As our troops advanced, we could hear the incessant sound of artillery. On the road we came across some shields that had been dropped by our own troops [during the charge]. Carrying a large flag, I ran forward. As we entered the mountain pass, we saw the rebel army which, rushing out of the encampment, was lining up abatises, shield-bearing troops and elephants. Our Green Standard (Chinese) soldiers charged. The fire from cannons and muskets sounded like frying beans, the earth itself was shaking." This battle scene is described in the eyewitness account of Zengshou, a Manchu officer who served in the Qing army during the war to suppress the rebellion of the so-called "Three Feudatories," which inflamed southern China from 1673 to 1681. In the end, the government forces won, ensuring the continuing rule of the Manchu dynasty in China (1644-1912). The cannons mentioned in the description of the battle, whether fired from the government or from the rebel side, are likely to owe a considerable debt to European military technology. In fact, it is commonly acknowledged that the war effort was heavily conditioned by the willingness of one Belgian Jesuit, Ferdinand Verbiest, to design and cast "modem" cannons, light and easily transportable, which could be deployed on the rugged terrain of southwest China in order to pound the mountain strongholds of the rebel forces. -
Xuetes Dins L'església De Mallorca
1a PÀGINA Pere Fiol i Tornila ELS 15 LLINATGES EN EL PRESBITEROLOGI MALLORQUÍ I MEMBRES QUALIFICATS DE LA NOSTRA ESGLÉSIA QUE PORTEN AQUESTS LLINATGES Lleonard Muntaner i Mariano COMUNICACIÓREVISTA DEL CENTRE D’ESTUDIS TEOLÒGICS DE MALLORCA ELS XUETES DE MALLORCA (ASSAIG DE SÍNTESI) Josep Amengual i Batle ELS CONVERSOS JUEUS I EL SEU ACCÉS A L’ORDENACIÓ MINISTERIAL I ALS ORDES RELIGIOSOS, AL SEGLE XVIII Xuetes Pere Fullana Puigserver, UIB HARRIBAT L’HORA DE PARLAR. RESISTÈNCIES DE LA CRISTIANDAT DAVANT LA MODERNITAT: DEBAT ENTRE ELS PREVERES JOSEP TARONGÍ I MIQUEL MAURA Albert Bonnín Fiol dins ELS XUETES CONTEMPORANIS María Luz Mangado Alonso EL COLEGIO ESPAÑOL DE JERUSALÉN Gerardo Jofre González-Granda / Francesc Ramis Darder l’Església de LA EGIPTÓLOGA MARINA ESCOLANO-POVEDA DESCUBRE FRAGMENTOS INÉDITOS DEL PAPIRO DE BERLÍN 3024 EN EL MUSEO BÍBLICO DE MALLORCA RESSENYES Mallorca Pere Fiol i Tornila Lleonard Muntaner i Mariano Josep Amengual i Batle Pere Fullana Puigserver Albert Bonnín Fiol 135 María Luz Mangado Alonso 2018 Gerardo Jofre González-Granda Francesc Ramis Darder COMUNICACIÓ Núm. 135 2018 Centre d’Estudis Teològics de Mallorca 1 COMUNICACIÓ Revista del Centre d’Estudis Teològics de Mallorca Director: Francesc Ramis Darder Consell de Redacció: Jordi Gayà Estelrich Gabriel Seguí Trobat Joan Andreu Alcina Ramon Lladó Rotger Francesc Ramis Darder Correcció lingüística: Santiago M. Amer Redacció i Administració: Seminari, 4 · Telèfon 971 21 46 04 Fax 971 72 58 47 07001 Palma (Mallorca) E-mail: [email protected] Dipòsit Legal: -
El Elemento Judío En La Repoblación Del Siglo XVII En Altea Y Las Marinas Josep Llobell Frasquet
6 SARRIÀ Revista d´investigació i assaig de la Marina Baixa (nova época) El elemento judío en la repoblación del Siglo XVII en Altea y las Marinas Josep Llobell Frasquet Resum : Altea es funda el 1617, en ple procés de repoblació posterior a l’expulsió dels moriscos. Molts repobladors, com en la resta de la comarca, procedeixen de Mallorca i són d’origen jueu con- vers. És un aspecte de la nostra història poc conegut i amagat. Paraules clau : jueu, xueta, Altea, Mallorca, carta de poblament Resumen : Altea se funda en 1617, en pleno proceso de repoblación posterior a la expulsión de los moriscos. Muchos repobladores, como en el resto de la comarca, proceden de Mallorca y son de origen judío converso. Es un aspecto de nuestra historia poco conocido y ocultado. Palabras clave : judío, chueta, Altea, Mallorca, carta puebla SARRIÀ El elemento judío en la repoblación del Siglo XVII en Altea y las Marinas 7 En el caso de Altea la repoblación de principios del siglo. XVII fue muy especial. No era un núcleo habitado donde se hubiera producido una expulsión morisca y el consiguien- te despoblamiento de las tierras, como ocurrió en general, en el 1.609 La actual Altea, es un pueblo nuevo, creado de nueva planta en época tardía con una carta puebla del 1.617. En este artículo exploraremos la importancia de la repoblación de orígen judio en Altea y las Marinas. Ya desde el siglo IX, Cataluña fue el mayor núcleo de población judía, en toda la península, siendo esta región el puente de unión entre el judaísmo español y el europeo, seguida en importancia por Mallorca.