Oxford Buses 2019
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Electrification and simplification of public transport in Oxford A ‘revolutionary’ suggestion Keith Frayn Headington resident Disclaimer and acknowledgements I am a member of Oxford Pedestrians Association, Cyclox, Oxford Civic Society and Oxford Preservation Trust, but this document conveys my personal views and does not represent the views of any of these organisations. I am grateful to Richard Bradley, Sushila Dhall, Nick and Theresa Frayn, Stephanie Jenkins, Peter Thompson and Charles Young for reading and commenting on a draft of this document, but in the end it is my responsibility. Their comments showed me many flaws in my thinking, but they did all agree that there was something worth saying. Please feel to request an electronic copy, and to reprint in whole or in part if required. Keith Frayn, Headington resident [email protected] Cover photo: Oxford High Street. Thanks to Stephanie Jenkins Contents 1. Executive summary ....................................................................... 5 2. Introduction .................................................................................. 7 3. ‘Connecting Oxfordshire’ and ‘Connecting Oxford’..................... 11 4. Issues with the present system of public transport in Oxford ... 13 5. Some ‘arterial routes’ considered .............................................. 16 5.1 Botley Road .......................................................................... 16 5.2. The city centre – St Giles routes .......................................... 16 5.2.1 Reclaiming the Magdalen Street East/Broad Street/Magdalen West triangle ............................................... 16 5.2.2 The tourist coaches ........................................................ 18 5.2.3 Benefits to St Giles ......................................................... 19 5.3 The St Aldates / Abingdon Road route ................................. 20 6. Turning the buses round – key to simplifying Oxford’s public transport .......................................................................................... 22 6.1 Turning buses around ........................................................... 22 6.2 Charging the electric buses ................................................... 26 7. Buses through Headington ......................................................... 27 7.1 Outline of the Headington bus route and its issues ............. 27 7.2 The Headington route simplified .......................................... 29 7.3 Barton and Risinghurst buses ............................................... 30 7.4 The long-distance buses ....................................................... 31 7.5 Other buses using the High Street – Magdalen Bridge route33 7.6 What about Gloucester Green bus station? ......................... 33 8. Oxford railway station, Gloucester Green bus station, and other traffic through the city centre ......................................................... 34 3 8.1 A central area circular ........................................................... 34 8.2 What about other traffic through the city? .......................... 36 9. Serving the hospitals ................................................................... 37 10. Making this all work .................................................................. 38 10.1 Avoiding bunching ............................................................. 38 10.2 Ticketing ............................................................................. 39 10.3 Tramways for the future .................................................... 40 11. Summary of ‘pros and cons’ ..................................................... 41 11.1 Advantages and disadvantages .......................................... 41 11.2 Conclusion .......................................................................... 42 Photo credits and QR codes ............................................................ 45 Note that where web addresses (urls) are given in the text, QR codes are provided at the back of the document. 4 1. Executive summary Oxford’s bus network is characterised by duplication of buses on the main arterial routes, resulting in part from multiple bus operating companies and in part from the expressed wish of the bus operating companies not to ask passengers to transfer buses. This results in congestion, with buses holding up buses in heavy traffic in the city centre. There are many problems with public transport in the city centre. St Aldates and High Street feel over-crowded with buses; heavy, long- distance buses roar through city centre streets; buses continue to need to use Queen Street despite opposition from many people; a new study has suggested routing buses along presently quiet streets including Holywell Street; bus stop placements are confusing; and there is overcrowding at bus stops so that local buses may not stop when there are already long-distance buses waiting. I propose that bus routes along the individual arterial routes in and out of the city centre (Botley Road; St Aldates/Abingdon Road; High Street/Magdalen Bridge; St Giles/Banbury and Woodstock Roads) be replaced by electric ‘shuttle services’ to the respective Park and Rides. Passengers making longer journeys would transfer there to long-distance buses. (This is a controversial suggestion, but I make the case that it is part of the behaviour change we must all make to meet environmental concerns.) Districts such as Barton and Risinghurst would be served by separate circular electric routes, starting in those cases at Green Road roundabout. I also suggest that, as the range of electric buses increases, some might travel beyond their respective Park and Rides to serve the outer districts. Bus traffic in the city centre is currently dominated by the need for buses to turn round – this is one reason buses continue to use Queen Street. In the case of the Botley Road and the Banbury and 5 Woodstock Roads arterial routes, turning circles exist (Oxford railway station) or could be created (southern end of St Giles). However, St Aldates and High Street would require more innovative solutions, which are key to these proposals. My proposals could lead to the freeing up of some key public spaces to pedestrianisation: the Magdalen Road East/Broad Street/Magdalen Street West triangle, and Carfax which could be at the centre of a largely pedestrianised zone. My proposals would change Oxford’s public transport system radically – perhaps too radically for some. But they have the advantage that they do not to be implemented all at once: each arterial route could be managed independently so this could be a progressive change. It is also clear that at some time in the future this plan could lay the groundwork for individual arterial routes to be converted to tramways. 6 2. Introduction Oxford’s High Street clogged with buses. Carfax, the historic centre of Oxford, a busy transport junction with buses dominating. St Aldates with its jewels of Oxford Town Hall, St Aldate’s Church, and Christ Church, effectively a busy bus station. Buses running along Queen Street, which even the local authorities feel should be pedestrianised. The Magdalen Street West/Broad Street/Magdalen Street East triangle, with historic Mary Magdalen Church at its centre and the Martyrs’ Memorial at its north end, a bus holding area and bus station. Yes, it is true that compared with many other cities, Oxford has a very good bus service, but at what cost to the city centre? In this document I want to make the case that it needn’t be like this: with some imaginative thinking, the centre of Oxford could be freed from the dominance of buses, whilst maintaining a good service for passengers. ‘Bus-ageddon’ on High Street But I start by saying that I am not a transport expert. I am not even an engineer. I happen to be a retired medical scientist. At least I feel that gives me a background in gathering and looking at evidence and coming up with ideas. I have lived in Oxford for more than 30 years. In that time I have seen many changes for the better – for instance, I remember when 7 my wife was hit by a bus in Cornmarket Street. Mostly now I am a bus-user, pedestrian and cyclist in Oxford. But I am also an observer of how Oxford and its public transport function. One impetus for this work came a few years ago when we had been walking in the Lake District with our Norwegian friends Ingrid and Lars. Lars drives buses in Trondheim. We arrived back at Oxford Railway Station and took a bus to our house in Headington. As we turned into the High Street the bus was at a standstill, held up by traffic, much of which was buses. Lars said immediately “Too many buses”. He was also very critical of the ticketing system: “In Trondheim, almost nobody pays cash. If you pay cash, it costs twice as much.” This was before the introduction of contactless payment on Oxford’s buses, but still many people are paying in cash. Another impetus was the resurfacing of London Road in Headington a few years ago. The traffic was held up in long queues. It was immediately apparent how much of that traffic was made up of buses. Indeed, as I wrote in a letter to Oxford Times in May 2015, buses are holding up buses. Buses on London Road, Headington 8 Beyond that, there are the current concerns about air quality, there are concerns from cyclists about the nearness of large, heavy buses passing them, there is an unpleasant feel for pedestrians throughout the city centre because of the presence of so many large vehicles, and consequent narrow pavements