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Benjamin Franklin on Printers' Choice
National Humanities Center Resource Toolbox Becoming American: The British Atlantic Colonies, 1690-1763 The Franklin Institute BENJAMIN FRANKLIN on Printers’ Choice & Press Freedom * Two editorials in The Pennsylvania Gazette, 1731, 1740 ___________________________________________________ “Apology for Printers” The Pennsylvania Gazette, 10 June 1731, excerpts After being criticized for printing a ship captain’s advertisement that excluded clergymen as passengers, local clergy threatened to boycott the Gazette and take no printing jobs to Franklin.1 Due to the resulting clamor, Franklin published this “apology,” i.e., a statement of his philoso- phy as a printer, and concludes by explaining how and why he printed the offending handbill and why he should not be censured for the act. Slug mold (~10 in.)., into which hot lead is poured to create "slugs" of metal from which individual characters (letters, numerals, etc.) can be made Being frequently censur’d and condemn’d by different Persons for printing Things which they say ought not to be Tools of the printing trade printed, I have sometimes thought it might be necessary to make a standing Apology for myself and publish it once a Year, to be read upon all Occasions of that Nature. Much Business has hitherto hindered the execution of this Design [plan], but having very lately given extraordinary Offense by printing an Advertisement with a certain N.B.2 at the End of it, I find an Apology more particularly requisite at this Juncture . I request all who are angry with me on the Account of printing things they don’t like, calmly to consider these following Particulars 1. -
Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY "Order, Discipline, and a jew Cannon": Benjamin Franklin, the Association, and the Rhetoric and Practice of Boosterism N THE WINTER OF 1747-48, in the midst of a crisis in Pennsylva- nia's provincial government, Benjamin Franklin spearheaded the I formation of a voluntary citizens' militia to provide for the colo- ny's defense. Historians of colonial America have viewed the formation of this unprecedented extra-governmental military force, known as the Association, as one episode in the endemic factional conflict between Quakers and proprietors.1 Placed in a longer-term perspective, the Research for this article was assisted by a Summer Stipend from the National Endowment for the Humanities and a fellowship from the Philadelphia Center for Early American Studies. The author would also like to thank all the members of the Transformation of Philadelphia seminar for their helpful comments. 1 The story of the Association is also important in the ongoing struggle of Quakers to maintain their pacifist principles at a time of endemic warfare. From the vantage point of social history, the enthusiastic response to Benjamin Franklin's call to the city's "middling sort," its artisans and shopkeepers, to assume a civic role has also been interpreted as a sign of rising class consciousness in colonial American cities. See Robert L. D. Davidson, War Comes to Quaker Pennsylvania: 1682-1756 (New York, 1957); and Gary B. Nash, The Urban THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY & BIOGRAPHY Vol. CXVI, No. 2 (April 1992) 13 2 SALLY F. GRIFFITH April Association can also be understood as a significant moment in the development of American community life. -
A LONG ROAD to ABOLITIONISM: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN'stransformation on SLAVERY a University Thesis Presented
A LONG ROAD TO ABOLITIONISM: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN’STRANSFORMATION ON SLAVERY ___________________ A University Thesis Presented to the Faculty of of California State University, East Bay ___________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History ___________________ By Gregory McClay September 2017 A LONG ROAD TO ABOLITIONISM: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN'S TRANSFORMATION ON SLAVERY By Gregory McClay Approved: Date: ..23 ~..(- ..2<> t""J ;.3 ~ ~11- ii Scanned by CamScanner Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………1 Existing Research………………………………………………………………….5 Chapter 1: A Man of His Time (1706-1762)…………………………………………….12 American Slavery, Unfree Labor, and Franklin’s Youth………………………...12 Franklin’s Early Writings on Slavery, 1730-1750……………………………….17 Franklin and Slavery, 1751-1762………………………………………………...23 Summary………………………………………………………………………....44 Chapter 2: Education and Natural Equality (1763-1771)………………………………..45 John Waring and the Transformation of 1763…………………………………...45 Franklin’s Ideas on Race and Slavery, 1764-1771……………………………....49 The Bray Associates and the Schools for Black Education……………………...60 The Georgia Assembly…………………………………………………………...63 Summary…………………………………………………………………………68 Chapter 3: An Abolitionist with Conflicting Priorities (1772-1786)…………………….70 The Conversion of 1772…………….……………………………………………72 Somerset v. Stewart………………………………………………………………75 Franklin’s Correspondence, 1773-1786………………………………………….79 Franklin’s Writings during the War Years, 1776-1786………………………….87 Montague and Mark -
4501-Spruce-St-Nomination.Pdf
(must comply with an Office of Property Assessment address) Street address:________________________4501 Spruce Street __________________________________________ Postal code:_______________19143 Historic Name:___________ _______________________________________________________ Current/Common Name:___________________________________________________________4501 Spruce Street ✔ Building Structure Site Object Condition: ✔ excellent good fair poor ruins Occupancy: ✔ occupied vacant under construction unknown Current use:____________________________________________________________________residence with commercial license in the recent past Please attach a narrative description and site/plot plan of the resource’s boundaries. Please attach a narrative description and photographs of the resource’s physical appearance, site, setting, and surroundings. Please attach a narrative Statement of Significance citing the Criteria for Designation the resource satisfies. Period of Significance (from year to year): from 1885 to 1910 Date(s) of construction and/or alteration: 1885 Architect, engineer, and/or designer: Wilson Eyre, architect Builder, contractor, and/or artisan: Original owner: Charles Moseley Swain Other significant persons: The historic resource satisfies the following criteria for designation (check all that apply): (a) Has significant character, interest or value as part of the development, heritage or cultural characteristics of the City, Commonwealth or Nation or is associated with the life of a person significant in -
Shelter from the Storm: the Case for Guaranteed Income
THE PENNSYLVANIA MAY|JUN21 GAZETTE Shelter from the Storm: The Case for Guaranteed Income The Long Road to mRNA Vaccines Memoirs for All Ages Virtual Healthcare Gets Real DIGITAL + IPAD The Pennsylvania Gazette DIGITAL EDITION is an exact replica of the print copy in electronic form. Readers can download the magazine as a PDF or view it on an Internet browser from their desktop computer or laptop. And now the Digital Gazette is available through an iPad app, too. THEPENNGAZETTE.COM/DIGIGAZ Digigaz_FullPage.indd 4 12/22/20 11:52 AM THE PENNSYLVANIA Features GAZETTE MAY|JUN21 Fighting Poverty The Vaccine Trenches with Cash Key breakthroughs leading to the Several decades since the last powerful mRNA vaccines against big income experiment was 42 COVID-19 were forged at Penn. 34 conducted in the US, School of That triumph was almost 50 years in the Social Policy & Practice assistant making, longer on obstacles than professor Amy Castro Baker has helped celebration, and the COVID-19 vaccines deliver promising data out of Stockton, may only be the beginning of its impact on California, about the effects of giving 21st-century medicine. By Matthew De George people no-strings-attached money every month. Now boosted by a new research center at Penn that she’ll colead, more Webside Manner cities are jumping on board to see if Virtual healthcare by smartphone guaranteed income can lift their residents or computer helps physicians out of poverty. Will it work? And will 50 consult with and diagnose patients policymakers listen? much more quickly, while offering them By Dave Zeitlin convenience and fl exibility. -
Franklin Roosevelt, Thomas Dewey and the Wartime Presidential Campaign of 1944
POLITICS AS USUAL: FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT, THOMAS DEWEY, AND THE WARTIME PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN OF 1944 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. POLITICS AS USUAL: FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT, THOMAS DEWEY AND THE WARTIME PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN OF 1944 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Michael A. Davis, B.A., M.A. University of Central Arkansas, 1993 University of Central Arkansas, 1994 December 2005 University of Arkansas Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the U.S. wartime presidential campaign of 1944. In 1944, the United States was at war with the Axis Powers of World War II, and Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, already serving an unprecedented third term as President of the United States, was seeking a fourth. Roosevelt was a very able politician and-combined with his successful performance as wartime commander-in-chief-- waged an effective, and ultimately successful, reelection campaign. Republicans, meanwhile, rallied behind New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey. Dewey emerged as leader of the GOP at a critical time. Since the coming of the Great Depression -for which Republicans were blamed-the party had suffered a series of political setbacks. Republicans were demoralized, and by the early 1940s, divided into two general national factions: Robert Taft conservatives and Wendell WiIlkie "liberals." Believing his party's chances of victory over the skilled and wily commander-in-chiefto be slim, Dewey nevertheless committed himself to wage a competent and centrist campaign, to hold the Republican Party together, and to transform it into a relevant alternative within the postwar New Deal political order. -
EARLY-AMERICAN MATERIALS INSTITUTE of SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL in NON-BOOK FOIMATS ,EOUCATION POSITION OR Policyt 1976
DOCUMENT EESUME ED. 114 115 IE'002 749 AUTHOR Nevin, David G. TITLE: Sights. and Sounds Circa 1776; Early American Materials in Non-Book Formats. INSTITUTION Waihington Univ., Stl, Louis, Mo. 'Univ. Libraries. PUB DATE Oct 75 NOTE. , 21p. EDRS ;TICE' ME-$0.,76 -HC-$1.58 Plug Postage DESCRIPTORS American Histdry; Bibliographies; *Colonial History (United States); *Fiims;.*Music; *Newspapers; PeriodiCali; *RevCitioniry War (United 'States) - IDENTIFIERS *John M Olin Library;'Hashington University .ABSTRACT Early'merican materials in non-book formats available at Washington University's John M.Olin Library are listed. Microform tatprialt-th-did&e: -bodkt# pariOhlett-atff broadsides printed 'C between 1636 through 1800; 700 rare'volumes'from the colonial, revolutionary, an& federal periods from the University of Virginia; American plays from 1714-1830 and all available'peribdicals published-between 1728-1860.- Early American newspaper's' are" listed (1), alphabetically by state and then by city and (2) alphabetically by title. A One page bibliography of:certain official British documents from 1547-1900 is included. Phonorecords cover chamber, vocal, keyboard and folk music of the. _period. There is a three_page listing of appropriate 16mm films for rental with the name.of the-source from which they can be ordered.(NR) 4 0 4 *********************************************************************** * Documents acquired by.ERTC incldde many infnraal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort '* .1, to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered aild this affects the quality * *.of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makei.aVailable * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS it not * responsible for the quality of the original document. -
The Museum of Printing History Offers Hands-On Learning Opportunities for Students of All Ages
Welcome The Museum of Printing History offers hands-on learning opportunities for students of all ages. Visits to the Museum are appropriate for a wide range of subjects, whether the focus is science and technology or English Language Arts, history or fine arts and crafts. With exhibitions dedicated to the development of essential technologies, American and Texas history, the traditions of Western literature and art – as well as working galleries for crafts such as papermaking, printmaking, and bookbinding – the visiting student will encounter scholars and artists who are gifted at bringing the past to life. Museum of Printing History tours are customizable to the needs of any class. Discuss a course or unit topic with our Curator or Artist-in-Residence to develop a tour which fits the subject matter that the students are currently exploring. If suitable for the size of your group, it is also possible to introduce hands-on projects, such as a session printing in our lithography studio with Houston artist Charles Criner, or an introduction to book construction and history with one of our bookbinders. In addition to regularly scheduled classes, the Museum of Printing History can work with your school or community group to schedule workshops on a wide range of topics relating to the art of the book. We have a list of workshops available on demand, or we may work together to design something special for your group. For questions, or to schedule your outreach workshop, please contact Amanda Stevenson, Curator, [email protected], 713-522-4652, ext. 207. Contents Preparing for your Visit Maps & Directions 2 Tour Information 3 Museum Overview 4 Pre-Visit Discussions 5 Museum & Post Visit Activities 11 1 Preparing for Your Visit Convenient to downtown and to all major freeways, the Museum is located at 1324 West Clay, between Waugh Drive and Montrose, just south of Allen Parkway. -
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egacy His library—preserved on Van Pelt’sL sixth floor—is one of the great campus spaces, Mr. Lea is not stopped,” Benjamin Disraeli once but there’s a lot more than that to know warned, “all the libraries of Europe will be removed to Philadelphia.” In the end, the libraries of Europe about historian and civic reformer “If stayed home, but the only thing that could stop Henry Charles Henry Charles Lea. Lea was that which stops us all. During his long life (1825-1909), Lea acquired an estimated by dennis drabelle 20,000 books, many of them rare, on his subjects of interest: medieval history, legal history, ecclesiastical history, the Inquisition, and witchcraft—with special attention to the per- secution of dissidents and eccentrics in the name of religion. 58 MAR | APR 2014 THE PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE PHOTOGRAPHY BY GREG BENSON THE PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE MAR | APR 2014 59 And when he couldn’t buy or borrow a Bradley C’19 Gr’25, as “a mere youth Lea collecting books, especially ones on the desired item, he paid to have it copied. discovered and named no less than 133 ecclesiastical topics that came to fasci- His collecting was no mere hobby. He new species of mollusks, and, what is still nate Lea. The French Revolution and the mined old books and documents to write more remarkable, 2 new genera.” The lad revolutions of 1848 had stripped church- new ones of his own. This passion for also produced poems, literary criticism, es and monasteries of their possessions, original sources set Lea apart from most and translations from classical Greek books included, and he benefited from of his peers, helping to make him—in the while mastering Latin and assorted mod- the consequent flooding of the market. -
Grappling with Inequality
THE PENNSYLVANIA MAY|JUN20 GAZETTE Grappling With Inequality Penn’s Response to COVID-19 A Walker Around the City DP Major Eric Jacobs EE’80 Graduates At this time of crisis and uncertainty, we are one in spirit. Penn Quakers all over the world— united by our shared pride and love of Penn and now—more than ever—by everyday acts of heroism and hope. We are grateful and inspired by the countless offers of support and notes of encouragement from near and far. Thank you. PHOTO CREDIT: UNIVERSITY COMMUNICATIONS THE PENNSYLVANIA Features GAZETTE MAY|JUN20 Inequality Economics The Edge Tax the rich! And the poor. Walking the perimeter 28 But not the way we do it now, 36 of Philadelphia. nor necessarily for the usual By JJ Tiziou reasons. As an economist pushing his field to grapple with inequality, Wharton’s Paper Man Benjamin Lockwood may change the Eric Jacobs EE’80 has been at the way you think about the government’s 44 Daily Pennsylvanian since articles broadest power. were written on typewriters and By Trey Popp layout was done by (actual) cutting and pasting. The newspaper’s longtime general manager is also a shared connection among every DP alum of the last 40 years. But this summer, he plans to leave the only job he’s ever had. By Molly Petrilla Dotdash Rising After putting the familiar 50 but failing website About.com out of its misery, Dotdash CEO Neil Vogel W’92 has managed to craft a thriving group of websites from the company’s wreckage. -
June 2012 the Pennsylvania Gazette The
48 MAY | JUNE 2012 THE PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE THE Francis Hopkinson signed the Declaration of Independence, designed the American flag, wrote some Rebel biting satire, composed the nation’s first secular music, and got some props for his scientific ingenuity. Not a bad career for the College’s first alumnus. BY SAMUEL HUGHES December 16, 1776. War has come to the University of Pennsylvania. Most of the rebellious American colonies. The the mechanical instruments had been lent Hessian Jäger Corps has marched into to him by the College’s founder, Benjamin Bordentown, New Jersey, a small town Franklin, who would later bequeath them on the Delaware River just northeast of all to Hopkinson and make him an execu- Philadelphia. Captain Johann Ewald, the tor of his will. regiment’s commander, enters a hand- Being described as “one of the greatest some brick house known to belong to a Rebels” must have been quite the compli- prominent rebel. Its library is filled with ment to the diminutive, delicate-featured numerous pieces of “scientific apparatus”— Hopkinson. Consider the description of and, of course, lots of books. One, titled him by John Adams four months earlier Discourses on Public Occasions in America, in a letter to his wife, Abigail. Having just by the Rev. William Smith—the provost of met Hopkinson at Charles Willson Peale’s the College of Philadelphia and a staunch, art studio, Adams described him as a though nuanced, Loyalist—catches Ewald’s “painter and a poet” who had been “liber- eye, and he plucks it from the shelf. After ally educated,” adding: riffling through the pages he takes a pen and writes, in German and beneath the I have a curiosity to penetrate a little bookplate of the book’s owner: deeper into the bosom of this curious “This man was one of the greatest gentleman, and may possibly give you Rebels, nevertheless, if we dare to con- some more particulars about him. -
Philadelphia Area's Architectural Past
Evidence of Place: Resources Documenting the Philadelphia Area's Architectural Past K MONG THE PIILADELPHIAAREA'S greatest assets is the continuing presence of its past. These vestiges of a long succession of people nd intentions accompany us daily as we walk our streets, visually rooting us in memory, reminding us of the longer view and things that have come before. They enrich our lives-but these riches are ephemeral. We inhabit landscapes of inevitable and constant change, urban, suburban, and rural. Even well-built buildings deteriorate over time. Land values and uses shift as patterns of residence and commerce evolve into new configurations. And all the while new technologies of construction succeed one another, as do new images of society. Such forces of change are resisted on occasion, usually only when someone is willing to pay a significant premium to preserve historical value, for it is not inexpensive to insulate properties from their market fate, even when the cost is primarily in the form of extended maintenance and more remunerative opportunities declined. Far more often, market forces reflecting broad-based consumer preferences command architectural change in the form of complete rebuilding every two or three generations. As a result, there are places in the older part of Philadelphia that may have been built on and built over a half-dozen or more times over three centuries, with buildings and ensembles of different forms and types. The region presents a palimpsest of overlaid vestiges of different moments, where human motives wrought on the landscape often adjoin products of other I am indebted to Laura Beardsley, Joe Benford, Patti Cossard, Jim Duffin, Ken Finkel, Bruce Laverty, Jeff Moak, Linda Stanley, Sarah Weatherwax, and others for generously offering of their time and experience THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY Vol.