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Questions on Benjamin Franklin’s cartoon 1. Describe the cartoon, including the caption. 2. How many pieces is it divided into and what do they represent? 3. This cartoon appeared in the Pennsylvania Gazette in 1754. What event was occurring in the colonies at that time? 4. What was the message of the cartoon in regards to the event from #1? 5. What later event saw this cartoon and its message reused? 6. Why might the colonists have chosen to recycle this cartoon? 7. This cartoon has been used during another domestic American conflict in the 19th century, name it. 8. Where have you most recently seen a version of the either the caption or cartoon? Remake your own cartoon by redrawing or recaptioning. Answers 1. A snake is cut into pieces and the caption reads, “Join, or die” 2. Eight, the position of each colony in the snake corresponds to the geographic position of the colonies along the American coast, with the snake's tail pointing south and the head pointing north. The colonies, from tail to head (south to north), are: South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, and New England (New England refered to the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire). 3. The French and Indian War 4. The colonists needed to join together in order to win the conflict. 5. The American Revolution 6. The message of colonial unity was important to success against the British. 7. The American Civil War 8. Answers will vary .

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Benjamin Franklin on Printers' Choice
National Humanities Center Resource Toolbox Becoming American: The British Atlantic Colonies, 1690-1763 The Franklin Institute BENJAMIN FRANKLIN on Printers’ Choice & Press Freedom * Two editorials in The Pennsylvania Gazette, 1731, 1740 ___________________________________________________ “Apology for Printers” The Pennsylvania Gazette, 10 June 1731, excerpts After being criticized for printing a ship captain’s advertisement that excluded clergymen as passengers, local clergy threatened to boycott the Gazette and take no printing jobs to Franklin.1 Due to the resulting clamor, Franklin published this “apology,” i.e., a statement of his philoso- phy as a printer, and concludes by explaining how and why he printed the offending handbill and why he should not be censured for the act. Slug mold (~10 in.)., into which hot lead is poured to create "slugs" of metal from which individual characters (letters, numerals, etc.) can be made Being frequently censur’d and condemn’d by different Persons for printing Things which they say ought not to be Tools of the printing trade printed, I have sometimes thought it might be necessary to make a standing Apology for myself and publish it once a Year, to be read upon all Occasions of that Nature. Much Business has hitherto hindered the execution of this Design [plan], but having very lately given extraordinary Offense by printing an Advertisement with a certain N.B.2 at the End of it, I find an Apology more particularly requisite at this Juncture . I request all who are angry with me on the Account of printing things they don’t like, calmly to consider these following Particulars 1.
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