El Tema 5 «Carisma E Historia Del Regnum

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El Tema 5 «Carisma E Historia Del Regnum ¡Venga tu Reino! COMISIÓN CENTRAL PARA LA REVISIÓN DE LOS ESTATUTOS DEL REGNUM CHRISTI TEMA DE ESTUDIO Y REFLEXIÓN Nº 5 Carisma e historia del Regnum Christi OBJETIVO Para prepararnos a la revisión de los estatutos del Movimiento Regnum Christi para el primero y segundo grado, necesitamos tener presente el carisma del Regnum Christi, puesto que los esta- tutos deben servir precisamente para custodiar y promover ese carisma. Buscamos entender qué es un carisma de un movimiento y cómo se vive, para después pasar a recordar las características fundamentales del nuestro, teniendo presentes la experiencia espiritual compartida y la historia, así como la aprobación e indicaciones de la autoridad de la Iglesia. ESQUEMA A. El carisma de una familia espiritual: Los carismas son gracias especiales que el Espíritu Santo concede a fieles cristianos para el bien de la Iglesia y de su misión en el mundo. Por familia espiritual entendemos aquí un grupo de fieles cristianos que, compartiendo un carisma, se reconocen unidos por afinidad espiritual y amistad en Cristo. El carisma de una familia espiritual es colectivo y dinámico y genera un patrimonio espiritual. Atendemos al caso particular del fundador del Regnum Christi. B. ¿Qué experiencia espiritual nos ayuda a hacer el Regnum Christi? El descubrimiento del amor personal de Cristo, quien nos llama a compartir su misión, genera en nosotros el deseo de corresponderle dando lo mejor de nosotros mismos en el esfuerzo de ser cristianos auténticos y en la búsqueda activa de que las personas se encuentren con Él y se conviertan también en sus apóstoles. C. Unos aspectos fundamentales del carisma del Regnum Christi. Formado por miembros de distintos estados de vida, el Movimiento busca que Cristo reine en el corazón de los hombres y en las sociedades, saliendo al encuentro, formando y proyectando a las personas para que sean apóstoles de Cristo en sus propios ambientes y promuevan con celo e iniciativa la organización de los cristianos para la evangelización de la sociedad. Su estilo es a un tiempo contemplativo y evangelizador. La rica realidad espiritual del Reino de Cristo es un tesoro a vivir y compartir. D. ¿Cómo ha nacido históricamente el Movimiento Regnum Christi? El Regnum Christi nace históricamente en enero de 1968, por entonces como un movimiento seglar –resultado de la intuición del P. Maciel, la convocatoria de algunos legionarios y la respuesta de varios jóvenes–, para, en convergencia de esfuerzos con los legionarios, crear grupos de cristia- nos que procuren la santificación personal y la evangelización de su ambiente familiar, profesional y social. 1 © Legión de Cristo Todos los derechos reservados COMISIÓN CENTRAL PARA LA REVISIÓN DE LOS ESTATUTOS DEL REGNUM CHRISTI A. El carisma de una familia espiritual 1. Qué es un carisma La palabra “carisma” viene de la palabra en griego χάρισµα, que significa «don ofrecido libre y gratuitamente»1. Fue introducida en el ámbito religioso del cristianismo por San Pablo, quien la usa dieciséis veces en sus cartas. También la usa San Pedro en una ocasión (cf. 1 Pe 4,10). San Pablo utiliza la palabra “carisma” con varias acepciones; pero podemos decir que en general con ella designa una gracia especial concedida por Dios a alguien para su edificación espiritual o para el servicio de los demás2. En la vida de la Iglesia, después, ha asumido más bien este segundo sentido: los carismas «son gracias del Espíritu Santo, que tienen directa o indirectamente, una utilidad eclesial»; «están ordenados a la edificación de la Iglesia, al bien de los hombres y a las necesidades del mundo»3. El Papa Francisco dirá que «los carismas son gracias particulares, dadas a algunos para hacer el bien a muchos otros»; «regalos» que nos da el Espíritu Santo «para compartirlos con los demás»4. Los carismas, en cuanto gracias, son auxilios gratuitos que Dios da5; esto quiere decir que Dios no los concede por razón de los méritos de las personas que los reciben, sino por su sola misericordia. Además, los destinatarios del bien que Él quiere hacer con la concesión de las gracias carismáticas no son sólo quienes las reciben directamente de Él, sino que lo son también las demás personas. Los carismas son gracias “especiales” o “particulares” en el sentido de que no son dadas a todos los fieles las mismas gracias carismáticas. Los otorga el Espíritu Santo porque es Él quien anima al cuerpo de la Iglesia, su principio de vida6. «En la comunión de la Iglesia, el Espíritu Santo "reparte gracias especiales entre los fieles" para la edificación de la Iglesia (LG 12); pues bien, "a cada cual se le otorga la manifestación del Espíritu para provecho común" (1 Cor 12, 7)»7. Sintetiza el Papa Francisco: El carisma es una gracia, un don concedido por Dios Padre, a través de la acción del Espíritu Santo. Y es un don que se da a alguien no porque sea mejor que los demás o porque se lo haya merecido: es un regalo que Dios le hace para que con la misma gratuidad y el mismo amor lo ponga al servicio de toda la comunidad, para el bien de todos. Hablando de modo un poco humano, se dice así: «Dios da esta cualidad, este carisma a esta persona, pero no para sí, sino para que esté al servicio de toda la comunidad».8 Toda la Iglesia entera, la gran familia de los hijos de Dios, es carismática porque está enriquecida por el Espíritu Santo con varios carismas que determinan su vida. En efecto, cada fiel cristiano es enriquecido por el Espíritu Santo con carismas, que le capacitan para servir al bien espiritual de los demás. «Estos carismas, tanto los extraordinarios como los más comunes y difundidos, deben ser recibidos con gratitud y consuelo, porque son muy adecuados y útiles a las 1 BENEDICTO XVI, Discurso a los jóvenes y seminaristas, Nueva York, 19 de abril de 2008. 2 Cf. Domenico GRASSO, Los carismas en la Iglesia: teología e historia, Ediciones Cristiandad, Madrid 1984, pp. 15-30 (capítulo: «Los carismas en San Pablo»). 3 Catecismo de la Iglesia Católica, 799; cf. ibídem, 2003. 4 FRANCISCO, Audiencia general, 6 de noviembre de 2013. 5 Son gratiae gratis datae: cf. SANTO TOMÁS DE AQUINO, Summa Theologica, I-II, q. 111, a. 1. 6 Cf. Catecismo de la Iglesia Católica, 797-798. 7 Ibídem, 951. 8 FRANCISCO, Carismas: diversidad y unidad. Audiencia general, 1 de octubre de 2014. 2 © Legión de Cristo Todos los derechos reservados COMISIÓN CENTRAL PARA LA REVISIÓN DE LOS ESTATUTOS DEL REGNUM CHRISTI necesidades de la Iglesia»9. Por esto, «todos los carismas son importantes ante los ojos de Dios y, al mismo tiempo, ninguno es insustituible. Esto quiere decir que en la comunidad cristiana tenemos necesidad unos de otros, y cada don recibido se realiza plenamente cuando se comparte con los hermanos, para el bien de todos»10. «Una cosa importante que se debe destacar inmediatamente es el hecho de que uno no puede comprender por sí solo si tiene un carisma, y cuál es»11. Es el Pueblo de Dios el que reconoce los carismas, y este Pueblo cuenta con la guía de sus pastores. Dado que los carismas están siempre al servicio de la comunidad eclesial, pertenecen a la Iglesia y la autoridad eclesiástica es la juez de todos ellos. Es decir, el Papa y los obispos son quienes tienen la facultad de discernir de forma autorizada la autenticidad de los carismas: si realmente provienen de Dios y son por tanto verdaderos carismas; así como también tienen la autoridad de regular el ejercicio de los carismas si así lo ven conveniente para el bien de la comunidad que tienen a su cargo12. 2. El carisma de una familia espiritual, congregación o movimiento Precisaba S. Juan Pablo II que «los carismas pueden ser individuales o colectivos»13. «Los carismas se conceden a la persona concreta; pero pueden ser participados también por otros y, de este modo, se continúan en el tiempo como viva y preciosa herencia, que genera una particular afinidad espiritual entre las personas»14. Estos carismas –concedidos a hombres y mujeres desti- nados a fundar obras eclesiales y que continúan en el tiempo suscitando afinidad espiritual y la amistad en Cristo entre las personas que lo participan– pueden llamarse colectivos, pues pasan a caracterizar a toda una familia espiritual; y éste es precisamente el caso de los que dan origen a los movimientos15. En tanto en cuanto viven con fidelidad su identidad carismática, los movimien- tos, congregaciones y demás familias espirituales embellecen y enriquecen a la Iglesia. La Iglesia pide a los miembros de las familias espirituales ser fieles a su carisma fundacional (llamado también carisma de fundación o, en expresión de Benedicto XVI, carisma fundador16)17. Se trata del carisma que la familia espiritual ha recibido a través de su fundador18, es decir, aquella «experiencia del Espíritu» concedida al fundador que, transmitida a los propios discípulos, ha sido acogida por ellos y anima el proyecto de vida y acción del grupo aprobado por la autoridad eclesiástica. «El carisma mismo de los fundadores (Evangelica testificatio, 11) se revela como una experiencia del Espíritu, transmitida a los propios discípulos para ser por ellos vivida, custodiada, profundizada y desarrollada constantemente en sintonía con el Cuerpo de Cristo en crecimiento 9 CONCILIO ECUMÉNICO VATICANO II, Constitución dogmática Lumen gentium, 12. 10 FRANCISCO, Carismas: diversidad y unidad. Audiencia general, 1 de octubre de 2014. 11 Ibídem. 12 Cf. Lumen gentium, 12, y Catecismo de la Iglesia Católica, 801. 13 JUAN PABLO II, La vida consagrada en la Iglesia. Audiencia general, 28 de septiembre de 1994, 4. 14 JUAN PABLO II, Exhortación apostólica Christifideles laici, 24.
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