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Capítulo 1 El Lenguaje De Programación Objectivec

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Capítulo 1 El Lenguaje De Programación Objectivec www.gnustep.wordpress.com Introducción al entorno de desarrollo GNUstep 1 www.gnustep.wordpress.com Introducción al entorno de desarrollo GNUstep Licencia de este documento Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 German A. Arias. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". 2 www.gnustep.wordpress.com Introducción al entorno de desarrollo GNUstep Tabla de Contenidos INTRODUCCIÓN.....................................................................................................................................6 Capítulo 0...................................................................................................................................................7 Instalación de GNUstep y las especificaciones OpenStep.........................................................................7 0.1 Instalando GNUstep........................................................................................................................8 0.2 Especificaciones OpenStep...........................................................................................................12 0.3 Estableciendo las teclas modificadoras.........................................................................................13 Capítulo 1.................................................................................................................................................16 El lenguaje de programación Objective-C...............................................................................................16 1.1 Palabras reservadas de Objective-C..............................................................................................17 1.2 Librerías.........................................................................................................................................18 1.3 La función main.............................................................................................................................19 1.4 Nuestro primer programa..............................................................................................................19 1.5 Declaración de variables...............................................................................................................20 1.6 Las funciones printf() y scanf().....................................................................................................23 1.7 Nuestro segundo programa............................................................................................................25 Capítulo 2.................................................................................................................................................27 Operadores, sentencias y funciones.........................................................................................................27 2.1 Operadores aritméticos..................................................................................................................27 2.2 Operadores relacionales................................................................................................................28 2.3 Operadores lógicos........................................................................................................................29 2.4 Sentencias condicionales...............................................................................................................30 2.5 Sentencias iterativas......................................................................................................................33 2.6 Nuestro tercer programa................................................................................................................35 2.7 Nuestro cuarto programa...............................................................................................................36 2.8 Funciones ......................................................................................................................................38 2.9 Matrices.........................................................................................................................................42 2.10 Quinto programa..........................................................................................................................43 2.11 Sexto programa............................................................................................................................44 2.12 Más operadores............................................................................................................................46 2.13 Comentarios.................................................................................................................................47 Capítulo 3.................................................................................................................................................48 Programación orientada a objetos (POO)................................................................................................48 3.1 Clases y Objetos............................................................................................................................48 3.2 Librerías Base y GUI, y herencia..................................................................................................52 3.3 Clases y Objetos en GNUstep.......................................................................................................53 3.4 Mensajes........................................................................................................................................56 3.5 Outlets y Actions...........................................................................................................................57 3 www.gnustep.wordpress.com Introducción al entorno de desarrollo GNUstep Capítulo 4.................................................................................................................................................60 Nuestro primer programa con GNUstep..................................................................................................60 4.1 Creando la interfaz gráfica............................................................................................................60 4.2 Escribiendo código para nuestro Objeto.......................................................................................73 4.3 Compilando y ejecutando nuestra aplicación ..............................................................................79 4.4 Mejorando nuestra aplicación.......................................................................................................82 Capítulo 5.................................................................................................................................................87 Nuevos conceptos y algunas aplicaciones de ejemplo.............................................................................87 5.1 Strings............................................................................................................................................87 5.2 Métodos de Instancia y Métodos de Clase....................................................................................88 5.3 Nuevamente Outlets y Actions......................................................................................................89 5.4 NSPoint, NSSize y NSRect...........................................................................................................91 5.5 El método awakeFromNib.............................................................................................................93 Capítulo 6.................................................................................................................................................94 Profundizando en Objective-C.................................................................................................................94 6.1 Métodos.........................................................................................................................................94 6.2 Ciclo de vida de los objetos y gestión de la memoria...................................................................95 6.2.1 Constructores convenientes (métodos factory)......................................................................96 6.2.2 alloc e init..............................................................................................................................97 6.2.3 autorelease.............................................................................................................................98 6.3 Mas sobre el ciclo de vida de los objetos......................................................................................99 6.4 Inicializadores de máxima genericidad.......................................................................................101 6.5 Re-definición de métodos init y dealloc y los receptores self y super ......................................103 Capítulo 7...............................................................................................................................................106 Integrando todo......................................................................................................................................106
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