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An Assessment of the Adequacy of U.S-Canadian Infrastructure To PB95-112249 t 1111111111111111111111111111111111111 U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act Section 6015 Study: Assessment of Border Crossings and Transportation Corridors for North American Trade (Northeast) An Assessment of the Adequacy of U.S-Canadian Infrastructure to Accommodate the Trade through Eastern Border Crossings Appendix: Descriptive Profiles of Niagara Frontier REPRODUCED BY: N11S. u.s. Department of Commerce---­ National Technicallnfonnation Service Springfield, Virginia 22161 NOTICE The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Department of Transportation. The United States Government does not endorse the products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers' names appear herein only because they are considered essential to the objective of this document. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a starndard. sDecification or r~0'111 ~H nn REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form A'I!J&ved OM8 No. 7fJ4.0188 ~ublif re~ortin~ bu~den fOE.this colle~t;on of infor~atiOn ;s est;mat~d to aveda~.l hou~ ~eEhreaR~nse. ;n~lUdi~9 the lme ~~ eVl wng.lnstrUt 10ns lse~~c ln~ ex stln~. a a Sources. a erlng an lntalnlg e ~·neede. an com 1 1 9 na re ew1n h co ec 10n 0 .1n or:ma 10n. nd c nts re r 1 lS bur n stlllla or an ot r 1 ~~~~~~~~~?b~~~~t~.Yl~~t~ l~e F~a '" f~~f1fr ~p!orb~~grata lOn lsr·err~ tlO~1!~?1SDP~~~~~~g5~fdrs.on12 g:~~~~~c~n~J \~~ 'D~~Xl~+b~~s ~~f~~~~.~n,'~a~~~hle£~B~n . ArHe~~~~~~~~~K~1 0 2. REPORT DATE 3\ REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED 1111111111111111111111111111111 February 1994 Final Report PB95-1l2249 August 1992-January 1994 I- 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NlHlERS An Assessment of the Adequacy of the U.S. ~anadian Infrastructure to Accommodate Trade through Eastern Border HW476/H4027 Crossings: . Appendix 4 Descriptive Profiles of Niaqara Frontier 6. AUTHORCS) Dr. John C. Taylor, Mike Garver, Amy C. Flanagan 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAMECS) AND ADDRESSCES) B. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION U.S. Department of Transportation REPORT NLt1BER Research and Special Programs Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center DOT/VNTSC-FHWA-94-3.D Cambridge, MA 02142 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAMECS) AND ADDRESSCES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING U.S. Department of Transportation AGENCY REPORT NUMBER Federal Highway Administration 400 7th Street, S.W. FHWA-PL-94-009-07 Washington, DC 20590 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161 13. ABSTRACT CMaximum 200 words) The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 calls for a study of U.S. international border crossings. The objective of the study is to identify existing and emerging trade corridors and transportation subsystems that facilitate trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. This appendix contains a series of border crossing profiles covering the major crossings and in some cases minor crossings in the border frontier. The frontier itself is a definition created for the 6015 Study to aid in the analysis of trade and traffic flows. The crossings included in this discussion include all commercial ports in the frontier, all ports identified as having infrastructure needs, and most of the smaller ports if traffic volumes warranted. These latter predominantly serve local needs. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) , Port of Entry, Border Crossings Inspection Facilities 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified N~N /:>4U-Ul-Z/jU-~~uu 9§?~6~gedob~ ~gI\~i~: 23g~i8 •• J • APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI UNITS Symbol When You Know Multiply By To Find Symbol Symbol When You Know MUltiply By To Find Symbol LENGTH LENGTH in inches 25.4 millimeters mm mm millimeters 0.039 inches in It feet 0.305 meters m m meters 3.28 feet It yd yards 0.914 meters m m meters 1.09 yards yd mi miles 1.61 kilometers km km kilometers 0.621 miles mi AREA AREA Z z z in square inches 645.2 square millimeters mrnZ mm square millimeters 0.0016 square inches in Z ftZ square feet 0.093 square meters mZ m square meters 10.764 square feet ftZ Z ycfl square yards 0.836 square meters mZ m square meters 1.195 square yards ycfl ac acres 0.405 hectares ha ha hectares 2.47 acres ac mil square miles 2.59 square kilometers kmz km2 square kilometers 0.386 square miles mi2 VOLUME VOLUME f10z fluidounces 29.57 milliliters mL mL milliliters 0.034 fluidounces f10z gal gallons 3.785 liters L L liters 0.264 gallons gal ftZ cubic feet 0.028 cubic meters m3 m3 cubic meters 35.71 cubic feet ftZ yeP cubic yards 0.765 cubic meters m3 m3 cubic meters 1.307 . cubic yards yeP NOTE: Volumes greater than 1000 I shall be shown in m3• MASS MASS oz ounces 28.35 grams g g grams 0.035 ounces oz Ib pounds 0.454 kilograms kg kg kilograms 2.202 pounds Ib T short tons (2000 Ib) 0.907 megagrams Mg Mg megagrams 1.103 short tons (2000 Ib) T (or "metric ton") (or or) (or "to) (or "metric ton") TEMPERATURE (exact) TEMPERATURE (exact) of Fahrenheit 5(F-32)19 Celcius °C °C Celcius 1.8C +32 Fahrenheit of temperature or (F-32)11.8 temperature temperature temperature ILLUMINATION ILLUMINATION Ie foot-candles 10.76 lux Ix Ix lux 0.0929 foot-candles fc fI foot-Lamberts 3.426 candelalm 2 cdlm 2 cdlmz candelalm 2 0.2919 foot-Lamberts fI FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS Ibf poundforce 4.45 newtons N N newtons 0.225 poundforce Ibf Ibfli"z poundforce per 6.89 kilopascals kPa kPa kilopascals 0.145 poundforce per Ibflin2 square inch square inch III I • SI is the symbol for the Intemational System of Units. Appropriate (Revised September 1993) rounding should be made to comply with Section 4 of ASTM E380. An Assessment ofthe Adequacy ofU.S-Canadian Infrastructure to Accommodate the Trade through Eastern Border Crossings Appendix: Descriptive Profiles ofNiagara Frontier Sponsored by the Office ofPolicy Development Federal Highway Administration August 1994 • PREFACE Congress, under Section 6015 of the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA), mandated an international border crossing study regarding trade and transportation between the. United States, Canada, and Mexico. Specifically, the study's objectives were to identify existing and emerging trade corridors and' transportation subsystems that have been facilitating trade between the three countries. This study was conducted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. In the conduct of the Section 6015 study, available data were collected from Canadian, U.S. and Mexican public and private sources. The study team undertook an extensive outreach effort to bring local and state interests into the process. Shippers and carriers participated in meetings across the country to identify issues and to provide recommendations and suggested solutions. Meetings were held in Canada and Mexico to gain a more comprehensive understanding and perspective on border related concerns. For practical purposes, the study was divided into several regional activities. This was to reflect separately some of the concerns and problems presumed to be unique to those regions. The John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center) was tasked to perform the assessment of the adequacy of the border infrastructure, both physically and operationally, and its ability to accommodate current and future trade and transportation needs throughout the northeastern U.S. region, from Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan to Calais, Maine. This document is one of five containing infrastructure inventories of facilities along the eastern U.S.-Canadian border. This work, conducted by the Volpe Center and Wayne State University, draws upon previous studies and data collection efforts. These sources were augmented by data from border crossing authorities, facility operators, and the federal inspection services, and from on-site visits to border crossing facilities. The effort of this study, is a first step in the development of a more comprehensive understanding of trade and traffic flows in North America. TABLE OF CONTENTS PORT OF BUFFALO PEACE BRIDGE 1 PORT OF NIAGARA FALLS LEWISTON-QUEENSTON BRIDGE ............................ .. 15 RAINBOW BRIDGE ...................................... .. 28 WHIRLPOOL RAPIDS BRIDGE 40 NIAGARA FRONTIER RAILROAD BRIDGES 53 ii INTRODUCTION This appendix contains a series of border crossing profiles covering the major crossings in the border frontier. The frontier itself is a definition created for the 6015 Study to aid in tbe analysis of trade and traffic flows. The crossings included in this discussion are commercial ports. Where infrastructure needs have been identified, they are cited in the discussion. Information for these profiles was collected from available reports and summary statistics; responses t~ data requests from the General Services Administration (GSA), U.S. and Canadian Customs Services, Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS), Bridge and Tunnel Authorities and Operators, and State Transportation Departments. Discussions and on-site visits were conducted with these agencies for most of the border crossings. The profiles provide information on ownership and operation, traffic arid activity levels, physical infrastructure and associated problems, and staffing levels.
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