DOCSLIB.ORG

Winning the Salvo Competition Rebalancing America’S Air and Missile Defenses

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Winning the Salvo Competition Rebalancing America’S Air and Missile Defenses WINNING THE SALVO COMPETITION REBALANCING AMERICA’S AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSES MARK GUNZINGER BRYAN CLARK WINNING THE SALVO COMPETITION REBALANCING AMERICA’S AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSES MARK GUNZINGER BRYAN CLARK 2016 ABOUT THE CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND BUDGETARY ASSESSMENTS (CSBA) The Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments is an independent, nonpartisan policy research institute established to promote innovative thinking and debate about national security strategy and investment options. CSBA’s analysis focuses on key questions related to existing and emerging threats to U.S. national security, and its goal is to enable policymakers to make informed decisions on matters of strategy, security policy, and resource allocation. ©2016 Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. All rights reserved. ABOUT THE AUTHORS Mark Gunzinger is a Senior Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. Mr. Gunzinger has served as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Forces Transformation and Resources. A retired Air Force Colonel and Command Pilot, he joined the Office of the Secretary of Defense in 2004. Mark was appointed to the Senior Executive Service and served as Principal Director of the Department’s central staff for the 2005–2006 Quadrennial Defense Review. Following the QDR, he served as Director for Defense Transformation, Force Planning and Resources on the National Security Council staff. Mr. Gunzinger holds an M.S. in National Security Strategy from the National War College, a Master of Airpower Art and Science degree from the School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, a Master of Public Administration from Central Michigan University, and a B.S. in chemistry from the United States Air Force Academy. He is the recipient of the Department of Defense Distinguished Civilian Service Medal, the Secretary of Defense Medal for Outstanding Public Service, the Defense Superior Service Medal, and the Legion of Merit. Bryan Clark is a Senior Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. Prior to joining CSBA in 2013, Mr. Clark was special assistant to the Chief of Naval Operations and director of his Commander’s Action Group, where he led development of Navy strategy and implemented new initiatives in electromagnetic spectrum operations, undersea warfare, expeditionary operations, and personnel and readiness management. Mr. Clark served in the Navy headquarters staff from 2004–2011, leading studies in the Assessment Division and participating in the 2006 and 2010 Quadrennial Defense Reviews. His areas of emphasis were modeling and simulation, strategic planning, and institutional reform and governance. Prior to retiring from the Navy in 2007, Mr. Clark was an enlisted and officer submariner, serving in afloat and ashore submarine operational and training assignments, including tours as chief engineer and operations officer at the Navy’s nuclear power training unit. Mr. Clark holds an M.S. in national security studies from the National War College and a B.S. in chemistry and philosophy from the University of Idaho. He is the recipient of the Department of the Navy Superior Service Medal and the Legion of Merit. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors would like to thank the CSBA staff for their assistance with this report. Special thanks go to Jacob Cohn and Sean Cate for their analysis of threats and air and missile defense invest- ments, Kamilla Gunzinger for her production assistance, and Ryan Boone for his excellent graphics. The analysis and findings presented here are solely the responsibility of the authors. Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . i Report Purpose and Scope ................................................iii Recommendation: Develop Operational Concepts to Create Advantages in Future Salvo Competitions .....................................................iii Recommendation: Invest in New Technologies and Capabilities to Defeat PGM Salvos ......v Overcoming Barriers to Rebalancing .........................................vii INTRODUCTION . 1 Emerging Precision Strike Complexes ........................................ 1 Summary ............................................................ 9 OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS FOR COUNTERING ENEMY SALVOS . 11 Reducing the Density and Effectiveness of Enemy Salvos ........................ 11 Increasing the Capacity of U.S. Air and Missile Defenses ......................... 21 ENABLING CAPABILITIES AND TECHNOLOGIES . 29 Kinetic Defenses ...................................................... 29 Mature and Maturing Technologies for Non-Kinetic Salvo Defenses .................. 38 Battle Management: A Critical Enabler ...................................... 46 CASE STUDIES . 49 Case Study 1: Alternative Defensive AAW Capabilities Mix ........................ 49 Case Study 2: Increasing the Density of Base Defenses .......................... 53 Summary ........................................................... 57 BARRIERS TO CHANGE . 59 Old Assumptions for Defending Theater Bases. 59 A Bias for Long-Range Missile Interceptors ................................... 59 A Strategic Bias Toward Ballistic Missile Defense ............................... 60 Unclear Responsibilities for Salvo Defense ................................... 61 Insufficient Resources . 63 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS . 65 APPENDIX 1 . CHINA’S CRUISE MISSILES . 69 APPENDIX 2 . CHINA’S BALLISTIC MISSILES . 71 APPENDIX 3 . IRAN’S CRUISE MISSILES . 72 APPENDIX 4 . IRAN’S BALLISTIC MISSILES . 73 APPENDIX 5 . GROSS WEAPON SYSTEM UNIT COSTS FOR INTERCEPTORS IN PRODUCTION FOR THE U .S . MILITARY . 75 LIST OF ACRONYMS . 78 FIGURES FIGURE 1: ILLUSTRATIVE PRECISION STRIKE “SALVO COMPETITION” ......................ii FIGURE 2: PLAAF H-6K BOMBER WITH EXTERNAL WEAPON PYLONS AND A DF-21 ON A MOBILE LAUNCHER ........................................................ 2 FIGURE 3: HYPOTHETICAL HGV ATTACK . 3 FIGURE 4: IRANIAN “SEJIL” MOBILE MRBM AND “GHADAR” CRUISE MISSILE ............... 4 FIGURE 5: NAVY AAW INTERCEPTOR PROCUREMENT FUNDING SINCE 1999 ................ 6 FIGURE 6: DOD CUMULATIVE LAND-BASED AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE INTERCEPTOR PROCUREMENT FUNDING SINCE 1999 .......................................... 7 FIGURE 7: OPERATING FROM LOWER THREAT AREAS ............................... 12 FIGURE 8: DISPERSING INSIDE A2/AD AREAS . 14 FIGURE 9: OVERLAPPING SALVO DEFENSES IN A NOTIONAL BASE CLUSTER ............... 15 FIGURE 10: COMPLICATING AN ENEMY’S PRECISION TARGETING ....................... 16 FIGURE 11: INTERCEPTING THE ARCHERS. 19 FIGURE 12: NOTIONAL INTEGRATED FIRE CONTROL-COUNTER AIR NETWORK .............. 20 FIGURE 13: ILLUSTRATIVE SHORT- AND MEDIUM-RANGE DEFENSIVE AAW CAPABILITIES ...... 22 FIGURE 14: HYPERVELOCITY PROJECTILES FOR EMRG, 5-INCH GUN, AND 155MM ARTILLERY; NAVY LASER WEAPON SYSTEM ON USS PONCE .......................... 23 FIGURE 15: ILLUSTRATIVE SHORT- AND MEDIUM-RANGE BASE DEFENSES ................ 24 FIGURE 16: LAUNCH OF A DAVID’S SLING ...................................... 25 FIGURE 17: CONCEPT FOR AN INTEGRATED MEDIUM-RANGE BASE DEFENSE .............. 26 FIGURE 18: RIM-162 ESSM AND RIM-116 ROLLING AIRFRAME MISSILE .................. 31 FIGURE 19: LAND-BASED MULTI-MISSION MEDIUM RANGE RAILGUN WEAPON SYSTEM CONCEPT ........................................................ 32 FIGURE 20: LOWER-AD INTERCEPTOR AND AI3 INTERCEPTOR ............................33 FIGURE 21: ARTIST’S CONCEPT OF MAD-FIRES THREAT ENGAGEMENTS .....................34 FIGURE 22: 155MM HOWITZER ..................................................35 FIGURE 23: PROTOTYPE EMRG AND ARTIST’S CONCEPT OF AN EMRG ON THE USNS TRENTON ..............................................................36 FIGURE 24: BEAM DIRECTORS FOR THE MIRACL LASER AND LAWS DEPLOYED ON THE USS PONCE .............................................................41 FIGURE 25: ILLUSTRATIVE LASER POWER LEVELS FOR VARIOUS TARGETS ...................42 FIGURE 26: HELLADS MOCKUP AND THE MARITIME LASER DEMONSTRATOR .................43 FIGURE 27: AAW CAPACITY COMPARISON FOR A CRUISER OR DESTROYER ..................50 FIGURE 28: AAW CAPACITY COMPARISON FOR A CARRIER STRIKE GROUP ...................51 FIGURE 29: COMPARING COSTS TO DEFEAT EACH ASCM IN A SALVO ......................52 FIGURE 30: COMPARING COSTS TO DEFEAT EACH ASBM IN A SALVO .......................53 FIGURE 31: CHINA’S DF-26 IRBM AND NORTH KOREA’S KN-08 ICBM .......................54 FIGURE 32: GUAM AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE ENGAGEMENT COMPARISON .................55 FIGURE 33: COMPARING COSTS TO DEFEAT EACH LACM IN A SALVO . 56 FIGURE 34: COMPARING COSTS TO DEFEAT EACH BALLISTIC MISSILE IN A SALVO . 56 FIGURE 35: BREAKOUT OF 1999–2017 TOTAL INTERCEPTOR PROCUREMENT FUNDING BY ORGANIZATION ............................................................62 FIGURE 36: ANNUAL INTERCEPTOR PROCUREMENT FUNDING SINCE 1999 ..................63 FIGURE 37: COMPARISON OF FY 2015 PROCUREMENT FUNDING FOR KINETIC INTERCEPTORS AND S&T FOR ELECTRIC WEAPON TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPMENT ............64 TABLES TABLE 1: CURRENT SHORT-RANGE TO MEDIUM-RANGE KINETIC DEFENSES ............... 30 TABLE 2: FUTURE KINETIC DEFENSES .......................................... 38 www.csbaonline.org i Executive Summary Over the last fifteen years, the Department of Defense (DoD) has spent more than $24 billion buying a mix of capabilities to defeat guided missile threats it views as a “cost-imposing chal- lenge to U.S. and partner naval forces and land installations.”1 Despite DoD’s urgency, these investments have fallen short of creating defensive
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cross-References ASTEROID IMPACT Definition and Introduction History of Impact Cratering Studies
    18 ASTEROID IMPACT Tedesco, E. F., Noah, P. V., Noah, M., and Price, S. D., 2002. The identification and confirmation of impact structures on supplemental IRAS minor planet survey. The Astronomical Earth were developed: (a) crater morphology, (b) geo- 123 – Journal, , 1056 1085. physical anomalies, (c) evidence for shock metamor- Tholen, D. J., and Barucci, M. A., 1989. Asteroid taxonomy. In Binzel, R. P., Gehrels, T., and Matthews, M. S. (eds.), phism, and (d) the presence of meteorites or geochemical Asteroids II. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, pp. 298–315. evidence for traces of the meteoritic projectile – of which Yeomans, D., and Baalke, R., 2009. Near Earth Object Program. only (c) and (d) can provide confirming evidence. Remote Available from World Wide Web: http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/ sensing, including morphological observations, as well programs. as geophysical studies, cannot provide confirming evi- dence – which requires the study of actual rock samples. Cross-references Impacts influenced the geological and biological evolu- tion of our own planet; the best known example is the link Albedo between the 200-km-diameter Chicxulub impact structure Asteroid Impact Asteroid Impact Mitigation in Mexico and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Under- Asteroid Impact Prediction standing impact structures, their formation processes, Torino Scale and their consequences should be of interest not only to Earth and planetary scientists, but also to society in general. ASTEROID IMPACT History of impact cratering studies In the geological sciences, it has only recently been recog- Christian Koeberl nized how important the process of impact cratering is on Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria a planetary scale.
    [Show full text]
  • Prepared by Textore, Inc. Peter Wood, David Yang, and Roger Cliff November 2020
    AIR-TO-AIR MISSILES CAPABILITIES AND DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA Prepared by TextOre, Inc. Peter Wood, David Yang, and Roger Cliff November 2020 Printed in the United States of America by the China Aerospace Studies Institute ISBN 9798574996270 To request additional copies, please direct inquiries to Director, China Aerospace Studies Institute, Air University, 55 Lemay Plaza, Montgomery, AL 36112 All photos licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license, or under the Fair Use Doctrine under Section 107 of the Copyright Act for nonprofit educational and noncommercial use. All other graphics created by or for China Aerospace Studies Institute Cover art is "J-10 fighter jet takes off for patrol mission," China Military Online 9 October 2018. http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/view/2018-10/09/content_9305984_3.htm E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/CASI https://twitter.com/CASI_Research @CASI_Research https://www.facebook.com/CASI.Research.Org https://www.linkedin.com/company/11049011 Disclaimer The views expressed in this academic research paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Government or the Department of Defense. In accordance with Air Force Instruction 51-303, Intellectual Property, Patents, Patent Related Matters, Trademarks and Copyrights; this work is the property of the U.S. Government. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights Reproduction and printing is subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and applicable treaties of the United States. This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This publication is provided for noncommercial use only.
    [Show full text]
  • Using a Nuclear Explosive Device for Planetary Defense Against an Incoming Asteroid
    Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 2019 Exoatmospheric Plowshares: Using a Nuclear Explosive Device for Planetary Defense Against an Incoming Asteroid David A. Koplow Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] This paper can be downloaded free of charge from: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/2197 https://ssrn.com/abstract=3229382 UCLA Journal of International Law & Foreign Affairs, Spring 2019, Issue 1, 76. This open-access article is brought to you by the Georgetown Law Library. Posted with permission of the author. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub Part of the Air and Space Law Commons, International Law Commons, Law and Philosophy Commons, and the National Security Law Commons EXOATMOSPHERIC PLOWSHARES: USING A NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE DEVICE FOR PLANETARY DEFENSE AGAINST AN INCOMING ASTEROID DavidA. Koplow* "They shall bear their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks" Isaiah 2:4 ABSTRACT What should be done if we suddenly discover a large asteroid on a collision course with Earth? The consequences of an impact could be enormous-scientists believe thatsuch a strike 60 million years ago led to the extinction of the dinosaurs, and something ofsimilar magnitude could happen again. Although no such extraterrestrialthreat now looms on the horizon, astronomers concede that they cannot detect all the potentially hazardous * Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. The author gratefully acknowledges the valuable comments from the following experts, colleagues and friends who reviewed prior drafts of this manuscript: Hope M. Babcock, Michael R. Cannon, Pierce Corden, Thomas Graham, Jr., Henry R. Hertzfeld, Edward M.
    [Show full text]
  • Design Characteristics of Iran's Ballistic and Cruise Missiles
    Design Characteristics of Iran’s Ballistic and Cruise Missiles Last update: January 2013 Missile Nato or Type/ Length Diameter Payload Range (km) Accuracy ‐ Propellant Guidance Other Name System (m) (m) (kg)/warhead CEP (m) /Stages Artillery* Hasib/Fajr‐11* Rocket artillery (O) 0.83 0.107 6; HE 8.5 ‐ Solid Spin stabilized Falaq‐12* Rocket artillery (O) 1.29 0.244 50; HE 10 Solid Spin stabilized Falaq‐23* Rocket artillery (O) 1.82 0.333 120; HE 11 Solid Spin stabilized Arash‐14* Rocket artillery (O) 2.8 0.122 18.3; HE 21.5 Solid Spin stabilized Arash‐25* Rocket artillery (O) 3.2 0.122 18.3; HE 30 Solid Spin stabilized Arash‐36* Rocket artillery (O) 2 0.122 18.3; HE 18 Solid Spin stabilized Shahin‐17* Rocket artillery (O) 2.9 0.33 190; HE 13 Solid Spin stabilized Shahin‐28* Rocket artillery (O) 3.9 0.33 190; HE 20 Solid Spin stabilized Oghab9* Rocket artillery (O) 4.82 0.233 70; HE 40 Solid Spin stabilized Fajr‐310* Rocket artillery (O) 5.2 0.24 45; HE 45 Solid Spin stabilized Fajr‐511* Rocket artillery (O) 6.6 0.33 90; HE 75 Solid Spin stabilized Falaq‐112* Rocket artillery (O) 1.38 0.24 50; HE 10 Solid Spin stabilized Falaq‐213* Rocket artillery (O) 1.8 0.333 60; HE 11 Solid Spin stabilized Nazeat‐614* Rocket artillery (O) 6.3 0.355 150; HE 100 Solid Spin stabilized Nazeat15* Rocket artillery (O) 5.9 0.355 150; HE 120 Solid Spin stabilized Zelzal‐116* Iran‐130 Rocket artillery (O) 8.3 0.61 500‐600; HE 100‐125 Solid Spin stabilized Zelzal‐1A17* Mushak‐120 Rocket artillery (O) 8.3 0.61 500‐600; HE 160 Solid Spin stabilized Nazeat‐1018* Mushak‐160 Rocket artillery (O) 8.3 0.45 250; HE 150 Solid Spin stabilized Related content is available on the website for the Nuclear Threat Initiative, www.nti.org.
    [Show full text]
  • Missiles OUTLOOK
    SPECIFICATIONS Missiles OUTLOOK/ GENERAL DATA AIRFRAME GUIDANCE OUTLOOK/ POWERPLANT SPECIFICATIONS MAX. MAX. SPAN, BODY LAUNCH MAX. RANGE STATUS/OUTLOOK/REMARKS DESIGNATION/NAME LENGTH WINGS OR DIAMETER WEIGHT CONTRACTOR TYPE NO. MAKE & MODEL (FT.) FINS (FT.) (FT.) (LB.) (NAUT. MI.) AIR-TO-AIR CHUNG-SHAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CSIST), Taoyuan, Taiwan Skysword 1 (Tien Chien 1) 9.8 2.1 0.42 196.4 — IR 1 X solid propellant 9.7 In service with Taiwan air force since 1993. Skysword 2 (Tien Chien 2) 11.8 2 0.62 396.8 — Active radar 1 X solid propellant 32.4 In service with Taiwan air force since 1996. DENEL (PTY.) LTD., Pretoria, South Africa OPERATORS SATELLITE A-Darter 9.8 1.6 0.54 195.8 Denel IIR 1 X solid propellant — Fifth-generation technology demonstrator. Likely co-development with Brazil. COMMERCIAL R-Darter 11.9 2.1 0.53 264 Denel Radar 1 X solid propellant — Development completed 2000. For South African Air Force Cheetah and Gripen aircraft. U-Darter 9.6 1.67 0.42 210 Denel Two-color, IR 1 X solid propellant — First revealed in 1988; similar to Magic. Entered production in 1994. In use on South African Air Force Cheetah and Impala aircraft. DIEHL BGT DEFENSE, Uberlingen, Germany COMMERCIAL AIM-9L/I-1 Sidewinder 9.4 2.1 0.4 189 Diehl BGT Defense IR 1 X solid propellant — Upgraded and refurbished. IRIS-T 9.7 — 0.4 196 Diehl BGT Defense IIR 1 X solid propellant — In production. SATELLITE OPERATORS SATELLITE MBDA MISSILE SYSTEMS (BAE Systems, EADS, Finmeccanica), London, UK; Vélizy, France; Rome, Italy Aspide 12.1 3.4 0.67 479 Alenia Semiactive radar, homing 1 X solid propellant 43 In service.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report DE-EE0005380: Assessment of Offshore Wind Farm
    THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN Final Report DE-EE0005380 Assessment of Offshore Wind Farm Effects on Sea Surface, Subsurface and Airborne Electronic Systems Prepared for: U.S. Department of Energy Prepared by: Hao Ling (UT) Mark F. Hamilton (ARL:UT) Rajan Bhalla (SAIC) Walter E. Brown (ARL:UT) Todd A. Hay (ARL:UT) Nicholas J. Whitelonis (UT) Shang-Te Yang (UT) Aale R. Naqvi (UT) 9/30/2013 DE-EE0005380 The University of Texas at Austin Notice and Disclaimer This report is being disseminated by the Department of Energy. As such, the document was prepared in compliance with Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public Law 106-554) and information quality guidelines issued by the Department of Energy. Though this report does not constitute “influential” information, as that term is defined in DOE’s information quality guidelines or the Office of Management and Budget's Information Quality Bulletin for Peer Review (Bulletin), the study was reviewed both internally and externally prior to publication. For purposes of external review, the study benefited from the advice, technical responses and comments of an expert group of stakeholders. That group of contributors and reviewers included representatives from academia, private corporations, national laboratories, and a broad spectrum of federal agencies. ii DE-EE0005380 The University of Texas at Austin Acknowledgments For their support of this report, the authors thank the entire U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Wind & Water Power Technologies Program team, and in particular Brian Connor, Gary Norton, Bryan Miller, Michael Hahn, Gretchen Andrus, and Patrick Gilman.
    [Show full text]
  • Blood-Soaked Secrets Why Iran’S 1988 Prison Massacres Are Ongoing Crimes Against Humanity
    BLOOD-SOAKED SECRETS WHY IRAN’S 1988 PRISON MASSACRES ARE ONGOING CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2017 Cover photo: Collage of some of the victims of the mass prisoner killings of 1988 in Iran. Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons © Amnesty International (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: MDE 13/9421/2018 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS GLOSSARY 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8 METHODOLOGY 18 2.1 FRAMEWORK AND SCOPE 18 2.2 RESEARCH METHODS 18 2.2.1 TESTIMONIES 20 2.2.2 DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 22 2.2.3 AUDIOVISUAL EVIDENCE 23 2.2.4 COMMUNICATION WITH IRANIAN AUTHORITIES 24 2.3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 25 BACKGROUND 26 3.1 PRE-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 26 3.2 POST-REVOLUTION REPRESSION 27 3.3 IRAN-IRAQ WAR 33 3.4 POLITICAL OPPOSITION GROUPS 33 3.4.1 PEOPLE’S MOJAHEDIN ORGANIZATION OF IRAN 33 3.4.2 FADAIYAN 34 3.4.3 TUDEH PARTY 35 3.4.4 KURDISH DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF IRAN 35 3.4.5 KOMALA 35 3.4.6 OTHER GROUPS 36 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Aviation Week & Space Technology
    STARTS AFTER PAGE 34 Using AI To Boost How Emirates Is Extending ATM Efficiency Maintenance Intervals ™ $14.95 JANUARY 13-26, 2020 2020 THE YEAR OF SUSTAINABILITY RICH MEDIA EXCLUSIVE Digital Edition Copyright Notice The content contained in this digital edition (“Digital Material”), as well as its selection and arrangement, is owned by Informa. and its affiliated companies, licensors, and suppliers, and is protected by their respective copyright, trademark and other proprietary rights. Upon payment of the subscription price, if applicable, you are hereby authorized to view, download, copy, and print Digital Material solely for your own personal, non-commercial use, provided that by doing any of the foregoing, you acknowledge that (i) you do not and will not acquire any ownership rights of any kind in the Digital Material or any portion thereof, (ii) you must preserve all copyright and other proprietary notices included in any downloaded Digital Material, and (iii) you must comply in all respects with the use restrictions set forth below and in the Informa Privacy Policy and the Informa Terms of Use (the “Use Restrictions”), each of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Any use not in accordance with, and any failure to comply fully with, the Use Restrictions is expressly prohibited by law, and may result in severe civil and criminal penalties. Violators will be prosecuted to the maximum possible extent. You may not modify, publish, license, transmit (including by way of email, facsimile or other electronic means), transfer, sell, reproduce (including by copying or posting on any network computer), create derivative works from, display, store, or in any way exploit, broadcast, disseminate or distribute, in any format or media of any kind, any of the Digital Material, in whole or in part, without the express prior written consent of Informa.
    [Show full text]
  • Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: Background and Issues for Congress
    Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: Background and Issues for Congress Updated September 30, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL33745 SUMMARY RL33745 Navy Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) September 30, 2021 Program: Background and Issues for Congress Ronald O'Rourke The Aegis ballistic missile defense (BMD) program, which is carried out by the Missile Defense Specialist in Naval Affairs Agency (MDA) and the Navy, gives Navy Aegis cruisers and destroyers a capability for conducting BMD operations. BMD-capable Aegis ships operate in European waters to defend Europe from potential ballistic missile attacks from countries such as Iran, and in in the Western Pacific and the Persian Gulf to provide regional defense against potential ballistic missile attacks from countries such as North Korea and Iran. MDA’s FY2022 budget submission states that “by the end of FY 2022 there will be 48 total BMDS [BMD system] capable ships requiring maintenance support.” The Aegis BMD program is funded mostly through MDA’s budget. The Navy’s budget provides additional funding for BMD-related efforts. MDA’s proposed FY2021 budget requested a total of $1,647.9 million (i.e., about $1.6 billion) in procurement and research and development funding for Aegis BMD efforts, including funding for two Aegis Ashore sites in Poland and Romania. MDA’s budget also includes operations and maintenance (O&M) and military construction (MilCon) funding for the Aegis BMD program. Issues for Congress regarding the Aegis BMD program include the following: whether to approve, reject, or modify MDA’s annual procurement and research and development funding requests for the program; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the execution of Aegis BMD program efforts; what role, if any, the Aegis BMD program should play in defending the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Explosive Weapon Effectsweapon Overview Effects
    CHARACTERISATION OF EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS EXPLOSIVEEXPLOSIVE WEAPON EFFECTSWEAPON OVERVIEW EFFECTS FINAL REPORT ABOUT THE GICHD AND THE PROJECT The Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD) is an expert organisation working to reduce the impact of mines, cluster munitions and other explosive hazards, in close partnership with states, the UN and other human security actors. Based at the Maison de la paix in Geneva, the GICHD employs around 55 staff from over 15 countries with unique expertise and knowledge. Our work is made possible by core contributions, project funding and in-kind support from more than 20 governments and organisations. Motivated by its strategic goal to improve human security and equipped with subject expertise in explosive hazards, the GICHD launched a research project to characterise explosive weapons. The GICHD perceives the debate on explosive weapons in populated areas (EWIPA) as an important humanitarian issue. The aim of this research into explosive weapons characteristics and their immediate, destructive effects on humans and structures, is to help inform the ongoing discussions on EWIPA, intended to reduce harm to civilians. The intention of the research is not to discuss the moral, political or legal implications of using explosive weapon systems in populated areas, but to examine their characteristics, effects and use from a technical perspective. The research project started in January 2015 and was guided and advised by a group of 18 international experts dealing with weapons-related research and practitioners who address the implications of explosive weapons in the humanitarian, policy, advocacy and legal fields. This report and its annexes integrate the research efforts of the characterisation of explosive weapons (CEW) project in 2015-2016 and make reference to key information sources in this domain.
    [Show full text]
  • Air-Directed Surface-To-Air Missile Study Methodology
    H. T. KAUDERER Air-Directed Surface-to-Air Missile Study Methodology H. Todd Kauderer During June 1995 through September 1998, APL conducted a series of Warfare Analysis Laboratory Exercises (WALEXs) in support of the Naval Air Systems Command. The goal of these exercises was to examine a concept then known as the Air-Directed Surface-to-Air Missile (ADSAM) System in support of Navy Overland Cruise Missile Defense. A team of analysts and engineers from APL and elsewhere was assembled to develop a high-fidelity, physics-based engineering modeling process suitable for understanding and assessing the performance of both individual systems and a “system of systems.” Results of the initial ADSAM Study effort served as the basis for a series of WALEXs involving senior Flag and General Officers and were subsequently presented to the (then) Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology. (Keywords: ADSAM, Cruise missiles, Land Attack Cruise Missile Defense, Modeling and simulation, Overland Cruise Missile Defense.) INTRODUCTION In June 1995 the Naval Air Systems Command • Developing an analytical methodology that tied to- (NAVAIR) asked APL to examine the Air-Directed gether a series of previously distinct, “stovepiped” Surface-to-Air Missile (ADSAM) System concept for high-fidelity engineering models into an integrated their Overland Cruise Missile Defense (OCMD) doc- system that allowed the detailed analysis of a “system trine. NAVAIR was concerned that a number of impor- of systems” tant air defense–related decisions were being made
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 of 73 CONSOLIDATED LIST of FINANCIAL SANCTIONS
    CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK Page 1 of 73 CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK Last Updated:24/03/2014 Status: Asset Freeze Targets REGIME: Afghanistan INDIVIDUALS 1. Name 6: ABBASIN 1: ABDUL AZIZ 2: n/a 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. DOB: --/--/1969. POB: Sheykhan Village, Pirkowti Area, Orgun District, Paktika Province, Afghanistan a.k.a: MAHSUD, Abdul Aziz Other Information: UN Ref TI.A.155.11. Key commander in the Haqqani Network under Sirajuddin Jallaloudine Haqqani. Taliban Shadow Governor of Orgun District, Paktika Province, as of early 2010. Listed on: 21/10/2011 Last Updated: 17/05/2013 Group ID: 12156. 2. Name 6: ABDUL AHAD 1: AZIZIRAHMAN 2: n/a 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. DOB: --/--/1972. POB: Shega District, Kandahar Province, Afghanistan Nationality: Afghan National Identification no: 44323 (Afghan) (tazkira) Position: Third Secretary, Taliban Embassy, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Other Information: UN Ref TI.A.121.01. Listed on: 23/02/2001 Last Updated: 29/03/2012 Group ID: 7055. 3. Name 6: ABDUL AHMAD TURK 1: ABDUL GHANI 2: BARADAR 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. Title: Mullah DOB: --/--/1968. POB: Yatimak village, Dehrawood District, Uruzgan Province, Afghanistan a.k.a: (1) AKHUND, Baradar (2) BARADAR, Abdul, Ghani Nationality: Afghan Position: Deputy Minister of Defence under the Taliban regime Other Information: UN Ref TI.B.24.01. Arrested in Feb 2010 and in custody in Pakistan. Extradition request to Afghanistan pending in Lahore High Court, Pakistan as of June 2011.
    [Show full text]