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Update on the Management of the Humanitarian Crisis in the North- East Region of Nigeria: Relief Intervention by the National Emergency Management Agency (Nema)

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Update on the Management of the Humanitarian Crisis in the North- East Region of Nigeria: Relief Intervention by the National Emergency Management Agency (Nema) UPDATE ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE HUMANITARIAN CRISIS IN THE NORTH- EAST REGION OF NIGERIA: RELIEF INTERVENTION BY THE NATIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (NEMA) Key Facts on North-East Region of Nigeria • Landmass of 216,370 sq km with a population of about 9million. • ⅓ of Nigeria’s land mass. • Abundant water – Part of the Lake Chad Basin Area (LCA), drained by Komadugu Yobe and Gongola Rivers. Geology comprise mainly of sedimentary rock with abundant underground water system. • Farming, pastoralism and commerce, the main occupation of the populace. • Relatively under-developed compared to other regions of Nigeria. 1 FORWARD Several communities of North-East region of Nigerian have in the past five years experienced violent attacks by an armed non-state terrorist group, the Boko Haram. The heightened attacks of the group and the resultant loss of lives, the displacement of persons and the decimation of means of livelihoods in the region, led to declaration of emergency rule on Borno, Yobe and Adamawa States on the 14th May, 2013 by the Federal Government. The humanitarian outcome has equally impacted the contiguous states of Gombe, Bauchi and Taraba States and the neighboring Republics of Niger, Chad and Cameroun. Food security and socio- economic activities, including the movement of persons, exchange of commodities and services, commerce, farming and pastoralism were also disrupted due to the crisis. The National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) in line with its statutory mandate has sustained its humanitarian support to the teaming Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). The Agency has established a humanitarian cell in Borno State and sub-cells in Yobe and Adamawa States and has deployed its personnel and critical assets to the North-East to continue to meet up with the burgeoning humanitarian needs of the affected population. NEMA has strategically prepositioned emergency food and non-food items in its warehouses located in Adamawa, Borno, Gombe and Yobe states for easy distribution to the IDPs living in both camps and amongst host communities. The Agency has also signed an MoU with the State Emergency Management Agencies (SEMAs) of Adamawa, Borno and Yobe to ensure the steady supply of food to the IDPs. The Federal Government has put in place several measures aimed at reducing the adverse effects of the crisis. This include, the Safe Schools Initiative (SSI), the Presidential Initiative for the North-East (PINE) and the Victims Support Fund (VSF) amongst others. With the current liberation of the hitherto occupied territories of the North-East by the Nigerian Military and the commitment of the Federal Government towards the sustainable Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and Recovery of the region, the Federal Government has produced a needs assessment that will serve as a guide for the process. NEMA will continue to work with all national and international humanitarian actors to support people affected by the crisis in the North-East region. Muhammad Sani Sidi Director-General, National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) August, 2016 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION The North East region of Nigeria has suffered severe humanitarian crisis as a result of Boko Haram insurgency which broke out in 2009 and climaxed between 2013 and 2015. Insurgents occupation of communities and the destruction of houses, infrastructure and means of livelihood of the people has resulted in the drastic decline in socio-economic activities including farming, pastoralism, exchange of goods and services and social interaction amongst the populace – especially in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa States. Formal education which is the prime target of Boko Haram Insurgents was virtually completely disrupted in the three States. Similarly, there is unprecedented displacement of persons from the North-East region to safer areas in frontline States of Bauchi, Gombe, Taraba and to several other states of the country including the FCT. This human displacement is depicted in the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Reports Rounds 2 to 7 of 2015, as shown in the table below: 2.0 DISPLACEMENT PATTERN NEMA, in collaboration with the International Organization for Migration (IOM) developed a Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) as a methodology for collection and dissemination of data on IDPs. The DTM revealed that about 389,281 persons were displaced in 2013; 868,335 in 2014; 1,846,999 in 2015 and 1,814,066 as at June 2016. The 2015 distribution of IDPs’ population for the (6) states of the North-East is as indicated below: Rounds Months of Release No. of IDPs States Covered 2 February 2015 1,188,018 Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba & Yobe 3 April 2015 1,491,706 Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba & Yobe 4 June 2015 1,385,298 Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba & Yobe 5 August 2015 2,099,089 Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba & Yobe 6 October 2015 2,042,219 Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba & Yobe 7 December 2015 1,846,999 Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba & Yobe Source: DTM Rounds 2-7 of 2015 3 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 Noof IDPs 500,000 0 According to the DTM Round 10 report of June 2016, the distribution of IDP population in the North-East is as shown below: State IDPs Population Adamawa 159,445 Bauchi 63,148 Borno 1,404,483 Gombe 27,376 Taraba 46,942 Yobe 112,671 Total 1,814,066 In Borno state, the population of IDPs in liberated areas as at June 2016 stood at 311,571. The IDPs, either at formal camps, liberated areas or within host communities are managed within the instrumentality of sector working groups of the humanitarian coordination system. 3.0 HUMANITARIAN COORDINATION SYSTEM (HCS) The Humanitarian Coordination system is a forum consists of relevant Federal government Agencies, UN Systems and International Non-Government Organizations (INGOs). The forum which meets every month under the coordination of NEMA undertakes analysis of causes of humanitarian situations, conducting of need assessments, and identification of priorities and provision of humanitarian interventions based on their respective mandates. The last meeting of the forum was held on Thursday, 28th July, 2016. The system operates through different sectors lead by national MDAs and co-lead by UN Agencies as presented below: 4 S/N sector Lead Ministries/Agencies C0-Lead UN Agency 1 Camp Coordination NEMA/SEMA IOM, UNHCR and Camp Management 2 Food Security FMoAgric /SMoAgric/SEMA WFP/FAO 3 Nutrition FMOH UNICEF 4 i. Health FMoH/SMoH/NACA/SACA/LACA WHO/UNFPA/UNAIDS ii. Sexual Reproductive Health/HIV AIDS 5 Protection NHRC/MWASD/ UNICEF/UNHCR 6 Security Nigeria Police/Law Enforcement UNDSS Agencies 7 Basic Education FMoEdu/SMoEdu/SUBEC UNICEF and SC(UK) 8 Water, Sanitation and FMoWR/SMoWR/RUWASA UNICEF Hygiene 9 Emergency Shelter and NEMA/SEMA IFRC and IOM NFI 10 Logistics NEMA/SEMA/ WFP/UNDP State Mass Transit 11 Communication FMCT/FMoI/NCC 12 Information FMoi 13 Early Recovery NEMA UNDP 4.0 CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT (CCCM) As indicated in the HCS above, CCCM is a platform for coordinating efforts of all humanitarian actors and daily administration at the camps. The major stakeholders at the camps are NEMA, SEMA, IOM, UNHCR, ICRC/NRCS and the representatives of the IDPs. Camp administration is handled by committees with membership drawn from the sectors and the IDP group. Currently, there are 18 formal camps in Borno state with 7 and 4 in Yobe and Adamawa states respectively while there are 16 satellite camps in the liberated areas of Borno states. The details of the camp are presented below: 5 4.1 Registered IDP Camps in Borno State, June 2016 FCT DALORI CAMP 21,631 WTC CAMP 5,283 GOVERNMENT COLLEGE 4,013 CAMP BAKASSI CAMP 12,849 TEACHERS VILLAGE CAMP 9,268 SANDA KYARIMI 1,845 GONI KACHALLARI CAMP 4,998 BOCOLIS CAMP 2,401 GGC CAMP 3,237 YERWA CAMP 5,020 NYSC CAMP 4,922 GUBIO CAMP 13,406 MADINATU CAMP 2,935 EYN 7,456 ATC CAMP 8,034 DALORI II KOFA CAMP 10,179 6 FARM CENTRE 13,042 HAJJ CAMP 224 TOTAL POPULATION 4.2 Registered IDP Camps in Adamawa State, June 2016 7 4.3 Registered IDP Camps in Yobe State, June 2016 POMPOMARI 3,012 KUKARETA 15,307 KASAISA 2,347 A.M GMOBE 491 ABBARI YBC 350 FUWURI 3,682 NGABURAWA 4,307 TOTAL POPULATION 29,887 5.0 HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION IN THE NORTH EAST To address the humanitarian challenges in the North East, the Federal Government’s relief intervention through NEMA is presented below. 8 5.1 Establishment of Cells and Sub-cells During the peak of Boko Haram insurgency when the Federal Government declared emergency rule in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa States, the Agency deemed it necessary to collaborate with the military to establish a humanitarian cell in Maiduguri and Sub-Cells in Yola, Adamawa State and Damaturu, Yobe State. This is to create access for aid workers who provide assistance to the increasing number of IDPs living in formal camps, self-settled centres, satellite camps and amongst host communities. The cells also provided a safe corridor for local people that escaped Boko Haram occupations and repentant militants to move into safety. 5.2 Creation of Gombe Operations Office As a result of the influx of IDPs from the crisis impacted States of Borno, Yobe and Adamawa, NEMA decided to set up an Operations Office in Gombe (GOO). The Gombe Operations Office is to cater for displaced persons taking refuge in Bauchi, Gombe and Taraba States, which hitherto were handled by the North East Zonal Office located in Maiduguri. The creation of the GOO has shortened the response time in attending to sudden-onset emergencies in Bauchi, Gombe and Taraba States. 5.3 Deployment of NEMA staff to the North-East Zonal Offices During the period of heightened attacks on communities by insurgents which resulted in huge displacement of population, NEMA staff from the Headquarters and other Zonal Offices were deployed to Maiduguri and the Humanitarian Sub- cells in Damaturu and Yola to provide support and assistance to the IDPs.
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