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Dot 5472 DS1.Pdf U.S. Department of Transportation Bureau of Transportation Statistics Maritime Administration U.S. Coast Guard All material contained in this report is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without special permission; citation as to source is required. Recommended citation U.S. Department of Transportation Bureau of Transportation Statistics Maritime Administration U.S. Coast Guard Maritime Trade and Transportation 1999 BTS99-02 Washington, DC: 1999 To obtain copies of this report contact: Customer Service Bureau of Transportation Statistics U.S. Department of Transportation 400 7th Street SW, Room 3430 Washington, DC 20590 phone 202.366.DATA fax 202.366.3640 email (product orders) [email protected] statistics by phone 800.853.1351 statistics by email [email protected] fax-on-demand 800.671.8012 internet www.bts.gov Acknowledgments Major Contributors Russell Byington, Maritime Administration William Ebersold, Maritime Administration Wendell Fletcher, Bureau of Transportation Statistics US Department of Deborah Johnson, Maritime Administration Transportation Patrick Rohan, U.S. Coast Guard Rodney E. Slater Bruce Schmidt, U.S. Coast Guard Secretary Rolf Schmitt, Bureau of Transportation Statistics Joanne Sedor, Bureau of Transportation Statistics Mortimer Downey Daniel Siedman, Maritime Administration Deputy Secretary Other Contributors Bureau of Transportation LCDR Terry Gilbreath, U.S. Coast Guard Statistics Robert Bouchard, Maritime Administration Joseph Byrne, Maritime Administration Ashish K. Sen Director William Dean, Maritime Administration Arlene Dietz, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers John Dumbleton, Maritime Administration Maritime LCDR Scott Ferguson, U.S. Coast Guard Administration Selena Giesecke, Bureau of Transportation Statistics Clyde J. Hart, Jr. David Heller, Maritime Administration Administrator LCDR Terance Keenan, U.S. Coast Guard CDR Ronald Kochan, U.S. Coast Guard Daniel Leubecker, Maritime Administration U.S. Coast Guard Jeff McMahon, Maritime Administration James M. Loy Eugene Magee, Maritime Administration Commandant Lisa Randall, Bureau of Transportation Statistics LCDR Marc Stegman, U.S. Coast Guard Kevin Tokarski, Maritime Administration Editor Chip Moore Cover Design and Report Layout Brian Sedora, Rings Leighton, Ltd. Maritime Trade and Transportation was jointly developed by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Maritime Administration, and U.S. Coast Guard. Foreword he marine transportation system contributes to U.S. economic growth, Tenhances global competitiveness, and supports national security objectives. The marine transportation industry, with its extensive network of waterways, ter- minals, and ports, plays a critical role in both domestic and international trade, pro- vides enormous travel and recreational opportunities, and employs hundreds of thousands of people in transportation services and related industries, such as ship- building and repair. Throughout our nation’s history, the maritime industry has also played an important role in supporting national security objectives by main- taining an active core of U.S. flagged and crewed vessels for defense-related opera- tions throughout the world. This report is a cooperative effort of the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), the Maritime Administration (MARAD), and the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) in the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), with contributions from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. It is the result of an ongoing effort by BTS, MARAD, and USCG to provide comprehensive and relevant maritime-related statistics and information to decisionmakers at all levels of government and in private industry. This report addresses USDOT’s five strategic goals: to promote safety, improve mobility, advance economic growth, protect human and natural environments, and strengthen national security. The report covers major trends in maritime trade, transportation, and shipbuilding, and reviews the marine transportation industry’s contribution to the U.S. economy, its safety record, and environmental impacts. It also discusses national security, advances in navigation technologies, and key infor- mation and data gaps. Ashish K. Sen Clyde J. Hart, Jr. Admiral James M. Loy Director Administrator Commandant Bureau of Transportation Maritime U.S. Coast Guard Statistics Administration v vi ᮣ Maritime Trade & Transportation 1999 Table of Contents SUMMARY . ix Waterborne Trade and Transportation Services . x Global Outlook . xi U.S. Foreign Waterborne Trade . xi U.S. Domestic Freight Trends . xii Port and Cargo-Handling Services . xiii U.S. Shipbuilding . xiv Water Transportation and the U.S. Economy . xv Safety and the Environment . xv Safety . xvi Environment . xvii National Security . xix Navigation Technology . xx Data Issues . .xxii 1 WATERBORNE TRADE AND TRANSPORTATON SERVICES . 1 Global Trends . 1 Vessel Types . 1 Average Length of Haul . 2 Earnings . 2 Fleet . 2 Global Outlook . 7 U.S. Industry Trends . .10 Freight Transportation . .10 Passenger Travel . .22 Port and Cargo-Handling Services . .23 References . .31 2 SHIPBUILDING . .33 World Orderbook . .33 U.S. Shipbuilding and Repair . .34 Major Shipbuilding Yards . .34 Small and Mid-Sized Shipbuilding and Repair Industry . .38 Employment . .40 Federal Assistance Programs . .40 Title XI . .40 Capital Construction Fund . .41 Revitalization Efforts . .41 Other Government Assistance . .42 References . .42 Table of Contents ᮤ vii 3 WATERBORNE TRANSPORTATION AND THE U.S. ECONOMY . .43 Real Gross Domestic Product and Employment . .43 Capital Stock . .45 For-Hire Water Transportation Income . .46 References . .48 4 SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT . .49 Safety . .49 Commercial Marine Transportation . .50 Recreational Boating . .52 Safety-Related Operations and Programs . ..
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