3334 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971

CONFIRMATIONS NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC John W. Townsend, Jr., o! Malryland, to be ADMINISTRATION Associate Administrator of the National Executive nominations confirmed by Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. the Senate February 19

EXTE.N.SIONS OF REMARKS ABUSE OF STUDENT FUNDS CITED As we have said before in these columns, law would stretch the strings of govern­ BY GRAND JURY the time is ripe for action. One way or an­ ment too violently to be adopted. When other, by action of the State Legislature 1! this is necessary or by directive of the ad­ Presidents Washington, Jefferson, and ministration of the State University 1! this Madison all offered limited draft pro­ HON. JACK F. KEMP were sufficient, there needs to be effective posals to the Congress, each was rejected. OF NEW YORK control over the use of student funds and The reasons for these rejections were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES provisions for ensuring that the majority of concisely summarized by Senator Daniel students has a. voice in how such monies are Thursday, February 18, 1971 Webster, who while leading the opposi­ spent. tion to President Madison's proposal dur­ Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, I believe the ing the War of 1812, remarked: attached editorial, "Abuse of Student Is this, Sir, consistent with the character Funds Must End," carried in the Buffalo TOWARD A VOLUNTEER ARMY of a free government? Courier Express, points up the need for an accounting of student activity fees. Randolph, Webster, and the host of Students deserve more for their money HON. LOUIS STOKES other early leaders who opposed manda­ than a handout to groups which do not OF OHIO tory military service recognized that such laws were not in accord with the new Na­ represent their best interests. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As a member of the Committee on Edu­ tion's ideals of personal liberty. The great cation and Labor, I shall be most anxious Thursday, February 18, 1971 majority of Americans then were stlll far to review the entire :findings of the grand Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, this week too proximate to the tyrannical exercise jury to determine if the committee I have joined a large number of my col­ of power by military oriented European should take action. leagues in introducing the Volunteer governments which they had so recently The editorial follows: Military Manpower Act of 1971. This bill, rejected. Two centuries have passed, yet ABUSE OF STUDENT FoNDS MUST END very similar to one many of us introduced our Nation's most recent experiences Another voice has been added to the stream last session, will give the armed services with the draft strongly indicate that this of protests concerning abuse of student-ac­ the necessary resources to begin a termi­ revulsion to impressed service still gnaws tivity fees at units o! the State University nal phasing out of the draft. in the hearts and minds of our country­ of New York. The findings of a. holdover There can be no doubt that involun­ men. More than 100 young Americans Erie County grand jury should be enough to tary conscription is a foreign concept to now leave their country each week rather satisfy even the most stubborn skeptic that our heritage. During the first 150 years than answer a draft call. The number of there has been flagrant misuse of tees which these expatriates residing in Canada every student in the state system is obliged of our history, draft laws were on the to pay. books for only 4. The first comprehensive alone is now conservatively estimated at The grand jury, according to its report, conscription act was not passed until 50,000. Hundreds of others have simply found, for instance that student funds at the 1863 when the Union forces were under refused to serve and have been in­ University of Buffalo had been given to rev­ great pressure during the Civil War. A carcerated in Federal prisons. olutionary groups such as the Black Panther $300 buy-out provision forced the brunt Of course, the antipathy of our youth party, to defense funds for the "Buffalo Nine" of that law upon the poor. They rebelled. for the war they are being asked to fight and the "Chicago Seven" and to provide bail has contributed heavily to these recent money for both students and nonstudents The July 1863 Draft Riot led by poor charged with violating state or federal laws. Irish immigrants paralyzed New York problems. But the draft must share re­ The panel even suspects that some student City for 3 days and created similar chaos sponsibility. Conscription operated suc­ funds were used to foment rioting on the UB in other northern localities. cessfully during World War II when the campus and that some ringleaders benefited The draft instituted at the time of our nationa! will stood firmly behind the financially from such disorders. entrance into World War I was met with Government's efforts. The Korean ex­ It is no wonder that the grand jury has similar displeasure. Over 50 percent of perience was similar. But Vietnam has recommended that the board of trustees and those called applied for exemptions and been different. Public support for inter­ the State University administration establish vention, never anything approaching strict guidelines !or the distribution and use almost 300,000 men failed to answer of student funds and has urged that there draft calls and were never arrested. Med­ unanimity, has dwindled to a pitiful 27 be a. ban on assisting with such funds any ical disqualifications reached such pro­ percent according to the latest Gallup group whose avowed purpose is the destruc­ portions that ·the War Department was survey. Backing by draft-aged men is tion of American society. forced to warn dentists that they were even lower. No conscription law could­ It might even be desirable to go further liable for prosecution if they knowingly or should-operate in such a political and end the giving of student funds to any aided draft evasion by pulling a pros­ mate. political group. If this were done, it would. We also must realize, Mr. Speaker, not only reduce the need for student fees on pective draftee's teeth. the present scale-about $500,000 is available It is most beneficial for us to consider, that the present draft, like that of the each year for use; or abuse, on the UB cam­ Mr. Speaker, why conscription has tra­ Civil War, has operated unfairly toward pus--but it would leave to each student the ditionally been so unpopular through­ the poor and the minorities. The $300 decision as to whether or not to contribute out our history. I think a perspective of buy out of the Civil War has been ex­ to a. specific political endeavor, surely a pref­ that history offers a clear answer. changed for the $300 per semester col­ erable solution in such a. controversial area.. lege tuition or a $300 medical bill. This A few months ago, the Temporary State From the very beginning of our con­ stitutional form of government our coun­ economic inequity has particularly Commission to Study the Causes of Campus worked to the disadvantage of black Unrest proposed that mandatory student fees try's leaders opposed the draft as ir­ be abolished and that students on all cam­ reconcilable with their idea of a free so­ Americans. A study of Selective Service puses of the State University system decide ciety. During the debates at the Consti­ operations during the war in Vietnam by referendum whether or not they wish to tutional Convention, even Edmund Ran­ compiled by the Senate Subcommittee on have a. voluntary fee system. This proposal, dolph, leader of the Federalist group Administrative Practice and Procedure which has much to commend it, is still under reveals that while only 18 percent of study. seeking strong powers for the Federal Government, stated that a conscription white Americans found "qualified" for February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3335 the draft were inducted, 30 percent of such as the San Diego County Civil De­ The California Disaster Office and the Of­ black Americans were. This resulted in a fense Office, which did an outstanding flee of Emergency Preparedness met With disproportionate 20 percent of blacks job in coordinating many aspects of the speed and ease the heavy workload for guid­ ance and assistance to the County. Our State serving in combat units in Vietnam. :firefighting effort and subsequent pro­ Regional Office (CDO-I) at Los Angeles has A few commentators have suggested grams to help those whose homes were provided us With sound guidance and imme­ that the racial inequality would only be destroyed in the fires. diate help in the resolution of work problems. accentuated by return to an all-volunteer Under the fine supervision of San HUD (Housing and Urban Development) has force. I do not agree with this conten­ Diego County Civil Defense Director Wil­ provided long term emergency housing for tion. It is well known that the President's liam B. Marty, this office also served as about 200 families. SBA (Small Business Ad­ m1n1stration) has loan applications of about Commission on an all volunteer force­ the single major communications center three million dollars from disaster victims, the Gates Commission-studied this during the fire. A detailed report on the for rehabilitation and reconstruction. problem extensively and determined that Great Laguna fire in San Diego County OEP/CDO financial assistance and resources such a force would differ little in racial has been sent to me and I take this op­ administration are critical (and welcome) composition from the present one. Even portunity to share it with my colleagues imperatives in the recovery operations (to­ more impressive to me was an analysis because it demonstrates so well the value taled about 1.5 million dollars). of the Gates Commission report by an of a Federal-State-local investment in There was an enormous pay-oft' from the ad hoc committee of citizens. Included civil defense and disaster preparedness: long history of our joint federal-state-local investment in disaster preparedness. How?: on this committee of 16 distinguished SAN DIEGO COUNTY'S GREAT LAGUNA FIRE, by superior performance of city and county Americans were two of my dear col­ SEPTEMBER 25-0CTOBER 2, 1970 departments: in mutual aid; communica­ leagues in the House, the gentleman from The Great Laguna. Fire was the most dis­ tions; experience; our Emergency Operations Michigan Moscow, blast. We have 5¥:! million Russian hostages; those whose services would remain indis­ with a population density of 7000 per square the USSR can threaten the destruction by pensable even during a conflict. What then kilometer (18,000 per square mile). After blast. We have 5¥:! mililon Russian hostages; renders our theory of assured destruction evacuation, the density would drop to one the USSR can threaten the destruction of truly a myth? The USSR's extensive plans tenth of these figures. Since the population more than 80 million American lives. In a for evacuation of cities. These are barely of Moscow is about 7.5 million, one obtains confrontation, our President would be in a more than two years old, yet they extend to an evacuation area of 3900 square miles or a very, very inferior position. all details--<>ften, it seems, to a ridiculous maximum evacuation distance of about 35 Assured destruction has become a myth. extent. However, their principal lines are miles.1o This area then ca.n be destroyed by simply and clearly formulated. The decision less than one half of our misslies even FOOTNOTES to evacuate "will be announced by radio, tele­ though the "area coverage" needed for this 1 J. Janis, Bull. At. Scientists, VI, 256 vision, published in the press (note this), or is, since circles do not cover an area with­ (1950). brought to you at your place of work or out overlap, about 4700 square miles. 2 See various articles in Survtve by J. Levey, residence." People are expected to take along How to use the remaining missiles, with later J. Ga.ilar. only what is most necessary, not more than an area coverage of 19,000-4,700= 14,300 a Marshall V. I. Chuykov, Nauka 1 Thizn 110 lbs. per person. The evacuation plans, square miles? The next largest city in the (Science and Life) No. 1, p. 43 (1969) , Mar­ communicated to all city residents, specify USSR is Leningrad and, since it lies on the shall Chuykov may be known to the Ameri­ the collection point where transportation sea, its population cannot be dispersed as can public as a representative of the USSR at w111 be provided for them. At the destination, well as that of Moscow. The dispersal area President Eisenhower's funeral. food, lodging, shelter, work, medical services, for its 4 million people is closer to 2000 'I. I. Podchufarov, Kommunist Vooruz­ will be available. Mail will be automatically square miles (again using the maximum dis­ hennykk Sil (Communist of the Armed redirected to reach people at the evacuation persal radius of 35 miles), requiring an area Forces) No. 8 (April, 1968), p. 52. point rather than at their city residences. coverage of about 2400 square miles, leaving &See "Last To Be Eaten," by Edward Teller, Plans are also formulated for the evacua­ an area coverage of 11,900 square miles for page 8, this issue of Survtve. tion of sick and infirm persons-even for the other large cities. These--Kiev, Baku, s See "They Bet Your Life," by Arthur A. women who have just given birth to a child. Karkov, Gorky and Tashkent--have popula­ Broyles, page 6, this issue of Some of the plans appear to be too detailed. Survive. tions of about 1.4 milion each. The disper­ 7 See, for instance, this writer's article in EFFECTIVENESS OF EVACUATION sal of these people into areas similar to that Survtve, Vol. 2, No. 4, p. 16. How effectively would the evacuation, if given by Chuykov for "city A," would give 8 The "mean lethal overpressure" is the carried out completely, reduce the casual­ an average density of 1.4 million/3900 square pressure of the blast wave which causes fatal ties and thus negate our "assured destruc­ miles, that is 360 per square mile. There injuries in 50 per cent of those exposed to it. would be no point in covering any of these tion"? It is difficult to give an exact figure 9 dispersal areas with an overlapping pattern See various publications of the Lovelace for this because the total number of casual­ Foundation, in particular Report LF-1242-1 ties depends on several factors. Chief among so that the remaining 11,900 square miles would place an additional 4.3 million people by Clayton S. White. See also DASA report these are (a) the extent of the success of 2113 by I. G. Bowen, E. R. Fletcher and D. R . the USSR first strike in reducing our re­ at risk. Together with the populations of Mos­ cow and Leningrad, this gives 7.5+4+4.3= Richmond of the same Foundation. taliatory capability, i.e., in destroying some 10 This writer's estimate for the evacuation of our missile sites,& (b) the effectiveness 15.8 milllon people at risk. If we accept the official estimate that about two-thirds of our area, before the article of reference 3 became of the USSR ballistic missile defense in available, was 50 miles. The resulting esti­ destroying the missiles which we can launch missiles function as expected, the total num­ ber of hostages we may have in the USSR mate of the maximum casualty figure was a.fter abSOrbing a first strike, (c) our own then 7.5 million, instead of the 10.5 million targeting doctrine, whether, under the con­ becomes just about 10.5 million people. This estimate is obtained under the un­ to be arrived at here. Actually, the book of ditions outlined, we would aim at the re­ reference 11 supports the original, higher maining missile sites in the USSR, at their realistic assumptions (a), (b), and (c), as explained above. Actually, the loss of some estimate of dispersal area (p. 63). evacuated cities to cause industrial damage, u The estimate given in the USSR textbook or at the evacuated population.6 of our missiles to a first strike, the destruc­ tion of others by the missile defense of the on Civil Defense (edited by N. I. Akimov) is Clearly, the maximum number of casual­ about four times lower if I understand this ties would be caused under the least likely USSR, and the fact that at least some of our own missiles would be aimed at industrial, passage correctly. assumption: that (a) the USSR first strike 12 ag.ainst our missile bases is without any and military installations, would reduce the According to the opinion of the authors effect, (b) that the ABM of the USSR is en­ number of "hostages"-would reduce it to of the Little Harbor Study, it is not a valid tirely inoperative and (c) that we aim only perhaps one-half of the 10.5 million figure.11 defense measure to be initiated by the U.S. at the evacuated people, disregarding the The total number of casualties suffered by See "The Threat" chapter of Civil Defense, cities and industries, the people sheltered the people of the USSR in World War II was Little Harbor Report, TID-24690, published there, as well as the remaining missile sites about 11 million. by the Division of Technical Information, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1969. in the USSR. This last assumption is, of EVACUATION-A PRELUDE TO CONFRONTATION? course, least credible. There is a question that must have arisen Under the assumptions just made, the in the reader's mind concerning the real ef­ USSR hostage level is easily estimated. The ARMY SERGEANT FROM SHORE fectiveness of evacuation in negating our KILLED IN ACTION IN VIETNAM evacuated people are immune to two of the "assured destruction" capability. It concerns most important effects of nuclear weapons: the time needed for evacuation as contrasted fire damage and fallout. The shelters protect with the warning time of a missile attack. HON. CLARENCE D. LONG them from the fallout radiation and no The flying time of the land-based missiles is large fires can spread in the countryside. about 20 minutes, that of submarine-based OF MARYLAND They are subject to the blast. Anyway, if missiles may be shorter. Evacuation of cities IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fallout is to be caused the area subject to a takes at least a day-according to General Thursday, February 18, 1971 certain blast damage is reduced to about Chuykov, the press is one of the means of one-half. The total area which we can cover communicating the order to evacuate. Hence, Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, with a blast wave of 15 psi overpressure is evacuation is not a valid defense measure 1.2 a fine young soldier from Maryland, Sgt. 19,000 square m1les.7 This overpressure, 15 against a first strike, certainly not against George L. Robertson, was recently killed February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3339 in Vietnam. I would like to commend Be it further resolved, that copies of this extent it exceeds the sum which the Secre­ his courage and to honor his memory by resolution be sent by the Secretary of State tary estimates such State needs and will be including the following article in the of Montana to The Honorable Mike Mans­ able to use for such period for carrying out RECORD: field and The Honorable Lee Metcalf, Sena­ its State plan approved under this Act, and tors from the state of Montana, The Hon­ the total of suoh reductions shall be simi­ ARMY SERGEANT FROM SHORE KILLED IN orable Richard Shoup and The Honorable larly reallotted among the States whose pro­ ACTION IN VIETNAM John Melcher, Representatives from the state portionate amounts are not so reduced. Any An Army sergeant from Salisbury has been of Montana, and to the presiding officers of amount reallotted to a State under this sub­ k1lled in action in Vietnam, the Defense De­ the Senate and the House of Representatives section during a year shall be deemed part partment has announced yesterday. of the United States. of its allotment under subsection (a) for He was identified as sta.tf Sgt. George L. such year. Rabertson, husband of Mrs. Dorothy Robert­ STATE PROGRAMS son, of Salisbury. SEC. 3. (a) Any State desiring to receive its Sergeant Robertson was born in Virginia, FEDERALLY GUARANTEED LOANS allotment of Federal funds under this Act but moved with his family to the Salisbury shall submit a State plan consistent with area as a boy. He attended schools there and AND TAX INCENTIVES FOR AU­ such basic criteria as the Secretary may es­ was graduated from Salisbury High School TOMOBILE SCRAP PROCESSING tablish. Such plans shall- in 1964. EQUIPMENT (!) provide for the administration by a After training at Army installations in public agency in the State of a motor vehicle South Carolina, Georgia and Missouri, Ser­ disposal plan designed to provide for the geant Robertson was stationed in Korea and, HON. JAMES A. McCLURE efficient removal to scrap processing fac111- from 1968 to 1970, in Germany. He went to t1es of junked motor vehicles; OF mAHO Vietnam in September. (2) provide assurances that a State law According to a telegram received by his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES substantially in accordance with require­ wife, Sergeant Robertson was killed by a Thursday, February 18, 1971 ments established by the Secretary, after booby trap explosion January 26 while on a consultation with the Attorney General, has combat mission. In letters to his home, Ser­ Mr. McCLURE. Mr. Speaker, I rise to been enacted or will promptly be enacted by geant Robertson said he was assigned to introduce a bill today encouraging States such State to provide an efficient means of front-line duty for the past several months. to establish motor vehicle disposal pro­ transferring title of junked motor vehicles In addition to his wife, the former Dorothy grams and to provide for federally guar­ (or other evidence of ownership of such Jones, Sergeant Robertson is survived by a vehicles in States not requiring title certifi­ daughter, Angela Michelle Robertson; hiS anteed loans and tax incentives for the cation) to public agencies or private business mother, Mrs. Mildred Russell, of Hebron, acquisition of automobile scrap proc­ concerns charged with the responsib111ty of Md.; a half-brother, John Russell, and a essing equipment. The large increase in processing such motor vehicles; halt-sister, Mrs. Wanda Hicks, both of He­ the number of motor vehicles in our (3) provide assurances (A) that a State bron, and his grandmother, Mrs. Viola Rob­ country has resulted in an esthetic prob­ law substantially in accordance with require­ ertson, of Salisbury. lem of unsightly graveyards and aban­ ments of section 4 with respect to control doned rusty hulks scattered throughout of automobile graveyards has been enacted the countryside and cities. Further, the or will promptly be enacted by such State, and (B) that the State wm carry out such junked vehicle represents a considerable law: TAX-EXEMPT STATUS OF BONDS amount of resources which should be ISSUED BY THE STATE OF MON­ (4) (i) provide assurances that a State law TANA recycled to help preserve our valuable has been enacted or will promptly be en­ and depletable resources. I feel that my acted by such State to provide that auto­ bill provides avenues which will allow the mobile scrap processing equipment is ex­ HON. RICHARD G. SHOUP Federal and State Governments along empt from any State ad valorem property with private enterprise to reclaim and tax; OF MONTANA preserve our countryside and resources. (ii) for purposes Of subsection (a) (4) (i), IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I include the bill at this point in the the term "scrap processing equipment" means automobile scrap shredders or other Thursday, February 18, 1971 RECORD: equipment used to upgrade the quality of H.R. 4585 Mr. SHOUP. Mr. Speaker, the follow­ automobile scrap, including car fiatteners; ing resolution of the senate and the house A bill to encourgae States to establish (5) set forth such fiscal control and fund motor vehicle disposal programs and to accounting procedures as may be necessary of representatives of the State of Mon­ provide for federally guaranteed loans and tana deals eloquently with the need for to assure proper disposal of and accounting tax incentives for the acquisition of auto­ of Federal funds paid to the State agency the continuation of the present tax-ex­ mobile scrap processing equipment (including such funds paid by the State empt status of bonds issued by the State Be it enacted by the Senate and House agency to any agency of a political subdivi­ of Montana or any po:itica: subdivision of Representatives of the United States of sion of such State) under this Act; and thereof. I believe it only fitting that this America in Congress assembled, ( 6) provide for making such reasonable resolution be included in the RECORD: GRANTS TO STATES reports in such form and containing such A JOINT RESOLUTION OF THE SENATE AND SEcTION 1. The Secretary is authorized to information as the secretary may reasonably HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE STATE make grants to States which have State plans require to carry out his functions under this OF MONTANA approved by him, to pay the Federal share Act and for keeping such records and for To the Honorable Mike Mansfield and the of the cost of carrying out motor vehicle affording such access thereto as the Secre­ Honorable Lee Metcalf, Senators from the disposal plans approved under section 3 (b) . tary may find necessary to assure the cor­ rectness and verification of such reports. State of Montana, the Honorable Richard ALLOTMENTS TO STATES Shoup and the Honorable John Melcher, (b) The Secretary shall approve any State Representative from the State of Mon­ SEc. 2. (a) From the sums available for plan and any modification thereof which tana, and to the Congress of the United the purposes of section 1 for any fiscal year, complies wtth the provisions of subsection States asking that the present tax-exempt the Secretary shall allot not more than 2 per (a). status of bonds issued by the State of centum among the Commonwealth of Puerto (c) Criteria established under this section Montana or any political subdivision there­ Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin shall include, after consideration by the Sec­ of be maintained Islands, and the Canal Zone. From the re­ retary of the l{l.test and best information mainder of such sums he shall allot to each available, a description of the most efficient Whereas, the present tax-exempt status on State an amount which bears the same ratio mea.ns of processing junked motor vehicles, income from bonds issued by the state of to such remainder as the number of motor the average cost of such scra.p processing, the Montana and the political subdivisions there­ vehicles registered in such State bears to the requirements set forth in pargaraph (2) of of is necessary to make them attractive to number of such vehicles in all States. For the investors, and subsection (a), and other information as the purposes of this subsection, the term "State" Secretary deems relevant and necessa.ry. Whereas, if any limitations or restrictions does not include Puerto Rico. Guam, Ameri­ on the tax-exempt status on income from can Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the Canal CONTROL OF AUTOMOBILE GRAVEYARDS such bonds are enacted by the Congress of Zone. SEc. 4. (a) A State law meets the require­ the United States, the marketab1lity of such (b) The portion of any State's allotment ments of this section with respect to control bonds wlll be greatly jeopardized if not under subsection (a) for a fiscal year which of automobile graveyards if it makes provi­ totally destroyed. the secretary determines will not be required sion for effective control of the establish­ Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Sen­ to carry out the State plan for that fiscal ment and maintenance along all public ate and House of Representatives of the year shall be reallotted not later than the streets and highways in such State of all out­ State of Montana: tenth month in such fiscal year, to other door automobile graveyards which are within That the Congress of the United States States in proportion to the original allot­ one thousand feet of the nearest edge of the maintain the present tax-exempt status on ments to such States under subsection (a) right-of-way a.nd visible from the ma.ln income from state and municipal bonds, and for such other States being reduced to the traveled way of any such street or highway. 3340 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971

Effective control means that before two years that it no longer complies with the pro­ be credited to miscellaneous receipts of the after the date of enactment of this Act, such visions o! this Act; or Treasury. automobUe gravey·ards shall be screened by (2) that in the operation of the program (2) Payments to lenders required as a con­ natlll"al objects, plantings, fences, or other or project there is failure to comply sub­ sequence of any guaranty under this section appropriate means so as not to be visible stantially with any such provision; may be made from funds which are hereby from the main traveled way of the public the Secretary shall notify such recipient of authorized to be appropriated to the Depart­ street or highway, or shall be removed from his findings and no further payments may ment of the Interior for that purpose. sight. be made to such recipient by the Secretary (3) Administrative expenses under this (b) For purposes of this section, the term until he is satisfied that such noncompli­ section shall be paid from appropriations to "automobile graveyard" means a.ny estab­ ance has been, or will promptly be, cor­ the Department of the Interior for admin­ lishment or place of business which is main­ rected. However, the Secretary may author­ istrative expenses. tained, used, or operated for storing, keep­ ize the continuance of payments with respect (g) The authority contained ln subsec­ ing, buying, or selling wrecked, scrapped, to any projects pursuant '00 this Act which tion (b) of this section hereof shall expire ruined, or dismantled motor vehicles or are being carried out by such recipient and ten years after the date of enact;ment of this motor vehicle parts. which are not involved in the noncompli­ Act. (c) All public lands or reservations of the ance. AMORTIZATION DEDUCTION FOR AUTOMOBILE United States which are adjacent to public SCRAP PROCESSING EQUIPMENT streets or highways shall be effectively con­ FEDERAL GUARANTY OF AUTOMOBILE SCRAP trolled in accordance with the provisions of PROCESSING EQUIPMENT LOANS SEc. 9. (&) Section 169(d) of the Internal this section. SEc. 8. (a) For purposes of this section: Revenue Code of 1954 (relating to definition of certified pollution control !ac111ty) is (d) Nothing in this section shall prohibit a (1) The term "automobile scrap process­ ing equipment" means car flatteners, and Mnended by- State from establishing standards imposing (1) inserting below paragraph (1) (B) the stricter limitations with respect to outdoor trucks used in connection therewith, and automobile graveyards on public streets or automobile scrap shredders or other equip­ following new sentence: "Such term also highways than those established under this ment used to upgrade the quality of auto­ includes scrap processing equipment if such section. mobile scrap. equipment constitutes a new identifiable (2) The term "equipment purchase loan" treatment facility (within the meaning of ADMYNISTRATIVE PROVISIONS means any loan or equipment in connec­ paragraph (4)) ."; SEc. 5. (a) In order to carry out the objec­ tion therewith, made !or the purchase of (2) by inserting below paragraph (4) (B) tives of this Act, the Secretwry is authorized automobile scrap processing equipment. the following new sentence: "For purposes to-- (3) The term "automobile scrap proc­ of this paragraph scrap processing equip­ ( 1) promulgate such rules and regulations essor" means a person who the Secretary ment shall be considered a treatment facil­ as may be necessary; determines is or will be in the business of ity."; and (2) appoint such advisory committees as processing automobile scrap. (3) by adding at the end thereof the fol­ he may deem advisable; (b) The Secretary may guarantee any lowing new paragraph: (3) procure the services of experts and lender against loos of principal and in­ "(5) SCRAP PROCESSING EQUIPMENT.-For consultants in accordance with section 3109 terest on any equipment purchase loan purposes of this section, the term 'scrap of title 5, United States Code: and made by such lender to an automobile scmp processing equipment' means automobile (4) use the services, personnel, facUlties, processor. Such guaMnty shall be made scrap shredders or other equipment used to and information of any other Federal depart­ in such form, on such terms and condi­ upgrade the quality of automobile scrap, in­ ment or agency, or any agency of any State, tions, and pursuant to such regulations, as cluding car flatteners." or political subdiVision thereof, or any pri­ the Secretary deems necessary and which (b) The amendments made by the first vate research agency with the consent of are not inconsistent with the provisions of section of this Act shall apply with respect such agencies, with or without reimburse­ this section. to taxable years ending after the date of en­ ment therefor. (c) No guaranty shall be made: actment of this Act. ( 1) Extending to more than the unpaid (b) Upon request by the Secretary each interest and 90 per centum of the unpaid FINANCING Federal department and agency is author­ prinol.pal of any loan. SEc. 10. (a) The portion of section 4061(a) ized and directed to make its services, per­ (2) On any loan or combination of loans o! the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (re­ sonnel, facilities, and information, including lating to excise tax on automobiles) which suggestions, estimates, and statistics avail­ for more than 90 per centum of the pur­ chase price of the automobile scrap proc­ precedes paragraph ( 1) thereof is amended by able to the greatest practical extent to the essing equipment to be purchased there­ striking out "equivalent to the specl:fied per­ Secretary in the performance of his !unctions cent" and inserting In lieu thereof "equal under this Act. with. (3) On any loan whose terms permit full to $5.00 plus the specified percent." (c) The Comptroller General of the United (b) There is established a trust fund in States or any of his duly authorized repre­ repayment more than ten years after the date thereof. the Treasury (to be known as the "Auto­ sentatives shall have access for the purpose mobile Disposal Trust Fund") which shall of audit and examination to any books, docu­ (4) Wherein the total face amount of such ments, papers. and records that are pertinent loan, and of any other loans t o the same consist of all additional taxes received by to any grantee under this Act. automobile scrap processor guaranteed and reason of the amendment made by subsec­ outstanding under the terms of this section tion (a) of this section. Amounts in such PAYMENTS exceed $1,500,000. fund shall be available, as provided in ap­ SEc. 6. (a) Payments under this Act shall (5) Unless the Secretary finds that, with­ propriation Acts, only for the purpose of be made from a State's allotments to any out such guaranty, in the amount thereof, making grants under section 1 of this Act. such State agency which administers a plan the automobile scrap processor would be un­ DEFINITIONS approved under section 3(b). Payments un­ able to obtain necessary funds !'or the pur­ der this Act from a State's allotment with chase of needed automobile scrap process­ SEc. 11. As used in this Act-- respect to thE" cost of carrying out its State ing equipment on reasonable terms. ( 1) the term "motor vehicle" means any plan shall equal 100 per centum of such costs (d) The Secretary shall prescribe and col­ vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power for any fiscal year. In determining the cost lect from the lending institution a reason­ manufactured primarily for use on the pub­ of carrying out a State's plan, there shall be able guaranty fee in connection with each lic streets, roads, and highways, except any excluded any cost ( 1 ) with respect to which loan guaranteed under this section. vehicle operated exclusively on a rail or rails. payments were received under any other (e) (1) To permit him to make use of such The Secretary may exclude classes of motor Federal program or (2) which is attributable expert advice and services as he may require vehicles other than passenger automobiles to the relocation, removal, or disposal of an in carrying out the provisions of this section, from the definition of motor vehicle for the automobile graveyard. the Secretary may use available services and purpose of this Act upon a finding that to do so is in the public interest; (b) Payments to a State under this Act facilities of other agencies and instrumental­ may be made in installments, in advance, or ities of the Federal Government with their (2) the term "junked motor vehicle" by way of reimbursement, with necessary consent and on a reimbursable basis. means any motor vehicle which the owner adjustments on account o! underpayment (2) Departments and agencies of the Fed­ desires to dispose of, including derelict motor or overpayment, and may be made directly eral Government shall exercise their powers, vehicles; to a State or oo one or more public agencies duties, and functions in such manner as will (3) the term "derelict motor vehicle" designated for this purpose by the State, or assist in carrying out the objectives of this means any obviously abandoned vehicle to both. section. which has component parts missing, is in­ (3) The Secretary shall make available to operable, or is worth less than $100 in value; WITHHOLDING OF GRANTS the Comptroller General of the United States (4) the term "State" includes each of the SEc. 7. Whenever the Secretary, after giv­ such information with respect to the loan several States, the District of Columbia, the ing reasonable notice and opportunity for guaranty program under this section as the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the hearing to a grant recipient under this Act Comptroller General may require to carry Virgin Islands, the Canal Zone, and Ameri­ fin~ ' out his duties under the Budget and Ac­ can Samoa; and ( 1) that the program or project for which counting Act, 1921. ( 5) the term "Secretary" means the Sec­ such grant was made has been so changed (f) (1) Receipts under this section shall retary of the Interior. February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3341 SECTION 920 OF THE HOUSING AND t reatment for service corporations, this result of the military occupation of our URBAN DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1970 amendment would have the effect of setting homeland by the Soviet Union on June 15, aside a restriction on the activities of hold­ 1940, during the course of which national ing-company affiliate service corporations traditions and values were trammeled, the HON. RICHARD T. HANNA which is not applicable to other service cor­ personal freedoms of the people were sup­ porations. In the second sentence of section pressed and hundreds of thousands of peo­ OF CALIFORNIA 821 there are two exclusions from this pro­ ple were liquidated by the Soviet genocidal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES posed relaxation of the now absolute ban practices; Thursday, February 18, 1971 imposed by section 408(d) (4): And to emphasize once again our confi­ First. Extensions of credit on the security dence that, regardless of what methods the Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, I just re­ of property acquired by third parties from an Soviet oppressors devise, they will, in the ceived some material which elucidates affiliate of the insured institutions other than end, be unable to suppress the aspirations of section 920 of the Housing and Urban a service corporation. This exclusion would the Lithuanian people for freedom and the Development Act of 1970. As one who prevent the type of so-called "bail-out" loan exercise of their human rights. These hopes participated in the dialog on that amend­ whereby a subsidiary insured institution in were made most evident in the recent suc­ effect :finances the speculations of its parent cessful hijacking of a Soviet aircraft to Tur­ ment, I think it appropriate to have a holding company or other affiliates. The elim­ key by Prana.s and Algirdas Brazinskas, a.s. complete legislative history on the sec­ ination of this practice was one of the major well as in Simas Kudirka's heroic attempt at tion. Accordingly, I request that there purposes of the Savings and Loan Holding defection, be printed at this point in the RECORD Company Act Amendments of 1967. Gravely concerned with the present plight copies of letters by my distinguished col­ Second. Extensions of credit on the secu­ of Soviet-occupied Lithuania and animated league, Mr. BARRETT, chairman of the rity of property heretofore held at any time by a spirit of solidarity we, the members of Housing Subcommittee, and by Mr. Bane. by any savings and loan holding company or the Lithuanian ethnic community of New affiliate. This exclusion would prevent re­ Jersey, president of the Council of Savings and ciprocal loans by holding companies in an Demand that Soviet Russia immediately Loan Stock Co. The letters follow: at tempt to evade the prohibition on :financ­ withdraw its armed forces, administrative DEAR CONGRESSMAN HANNA; Once again ing their own properties through their sub­ apparatus, and the imported Communist let me express the sincere thanks of our or­ sidiary insured institutions. "colons" from Lithuania, thus permitting the ganization for your leadership in the enact­ I hope this information will help you bet­ Lithuanian nation to freely exercise sover­ ment of Section 920 of the Housing and Ur­ ter understand the provisions of Section 920 eign rights to self-determination. ban Development Act of 1970. This amend­ as they relate to the authority of a savings We call upon our Senators and Represent­ ment remedied important shortcomings in and loan holding company and its savings atives to make use of every opportunity to the Savings and Loan Holding Company Act and loan subsidiaries and their affiliates. urge that President Nixon once again pub­ of 1967. For example, the amendment will­ Sincerely yours, licly reiterates the long standing United as Chairman Martin indicated to the Con­ WILLIAM A. BARRETT, States position of non-recognition of the ferees-subject to prior approval of the Member of Congress. incorporation of the Baltic States of Estonia, Board, permit loans by a.n insured institution Latvia, and Lithuania into the Soviet Union to third parties to fa.c111ta.te the sale of prop­ and to raise this issue in the United Na­ erty which was acquired by the institution's tions and at various international confer­ service corporation from the parent savings LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE ences. and loan holding company. Such construc­ Dated a.t Newark, New Jersey-Feb. 13, tive changes a.s this will, a.s you put it in 1971. your remarks in the Congressional Record HON. JAMES J. HOWARD LITHUANIAN COUNCIL OF NEW JERSEY, of December 3, 1970, put all insured institu­ OF NEW JERSEY VALENTINAS MELINIS, President. tions on par by letting "any savings and loan association finance housing sold by its whol­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ly-owned service corporation." Thursday, February 18, 1971 With all good wishes. OUR FLAG SPEAKS Sincerely, Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, I would TOM BANE, like to take this opportunity to insert President, Council of Savings and Loan in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a resolu­ HON. LAMAR BAKER Stock Co. tion which was passed on February 13, OF TENNESSEE by the Lithuanian Council of New Jer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WASHINGTON, D.C., sey, as they met to commemorate the 53d February 12, 1971. anniversary of the restoration of Lith­ Thursday, February 18, 1971 Mr. ToM BANE, uanian independence. Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, on Lin­ Council of Savings and Loan Stock Cos., I am sure that all of us share the coln's birthday, February 12, I had the Sherman Oaks, Calif. distress of these people in watching their honor of presenting an American flag DEAR MR. BANE: Thank you for your compatriots who continue their struggle which had flown over the U.S. Capitol to letter of February 1, 1971. Your organiza­ for freedom. It is appropriate that we, tion's interest in Section 920 of the Housing the Riceville Elementary School, Rice­ and Urban Development Act of 1970 is un­ who enjoy the bounties of freedom, ville, Tenn. derstandable. should lend our support and encourage­ This was not only a proud occasion for Along with my good friends, Congress­ ment to those who are striving to reach me, but for the students as well. They man Sisk and Hanna, I was involved in the this goal. made an extra special event of the pres­ development of the legislation and its his­ The resolution of the Lithuanian entation and engaged in a contest to see tory. You should be aware of the exchanges Council of New Jersey follows: between us three relating to this provision who could write the most appropriate which appeared in the Congressional Rec­ RESOLUTION remarks about Old Glory. ords of December 3rd and December 19th. On the occasion of the 53rd Anniversary The winner was Miss Vicky Decker of Copies of those records appropriately mark­ of the Restoration of Lithuania's indepen­ Riceville, whose poem "Our Flag Speaks," ed are furnished for your information. dence, we the representatives of the Lithu­ was judged the best. Vicky accepted the The Chairman of the Federal Home Loan anian ethnic com.munity of New Jersy, as­ sembled here on February 13, 1971, in New­ flag on behalf of her school and deliv­ Bank Board also contributed to the legis­ ered her poem as a highlight of the lative history on Section 920. In a. letter cir­ ark, New Jersey to: culated to members of the Conference Com­ Commemorate Lithuania's Declaration of presentation ceremony. It is a fine piece mittee and dated December 11, 1970, Mr. Independence proclaimed on February 16th, of writing and I am proud to bring it to Martin said of the provision: 1918, in Vilnius, whereby a sovereign Lith­ the attention of my colleagues. Under Sec. 821 of House version. Certain trans­ uanian State, having antecedents in the leave to extend my remarks, I include actions by service corporations of subsidi­ Lithuanian Kingdom established in 1251, Vicky Decker's poem, "Our Flag Speaks," ary insured institutions. Section 821 would was restored; at this point in the RECORD: amend section 408(d) (4) of the National Honor the memory of the generations of Housing Act to permit, with prior Board Lithuanian freedom :fighters who fought to OUR FLAG SPEAKS approval, certain loans, discounts, or ex­ defend Lithuania's national aspirations and Our flag has many voices tensions of credit by a savings and loan values against foreign oppressors; Speaking loud and clear. holding company subsidiary insured insti­ Reca.ll with pride the political, cultural, Listen, youth of America, tution to third parties on the security of economic and social achievements of the Come lend me your ear! property acquired by such third parties from Lithuanian Republic during the independ­ It's voice rings out for freedom, a wholly owned service corporation of such ence era of 1918-1940; Not just for you and me, insured institution. Express our indignation over the interrup­ But for ev-ry American. In the interests of substantial parity of tion of Lithuania's sovereign functions as a All people must be free! 3342 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971 The white calls out for purity have had to build their national defense ef­ ers warned the Congress and the American In deeds and thoughts from you; fort and their national institutions. people of the Soviet threat. Mr. Rivers quoted Red speaks out for valor. While withdrawing Americans from Indo­ at length from a letter he had received from "Justice!" shouts the blue. china, the President has moved boldly, as in Vice Admiral Rlckover, the father of the nu­ Listen, youth of America, Cambodia and Laos, to keep the enemy off­ clear submarine. In connection with the ris­ The flag has something to say. balance and to disrupt Communist rear sup­ ing strength of the Soviet navy the Adml.ral It speaks of the past and present; ply areas. had written: It sings of a brighter day. Our national insistance on an honorable "If history teaches anything it is surely withdrawal has tremendous consequences that weakness invites attack: that it takes for our future national security, !or we have but one aggressor to plunge the world into shown that despite fantastic domestic dis­ war against the wishes of dozens of peace cord and division, the world's most powerful loving nations-if the former is militarily AMERICAN LEGION SECURITY democracy can still stand firm to meet its strong and the latter are not." COMMISSION obllgattons. We need only wonder what the Admiral Rickover also made the Interesting Russians or the Chinese would have thought observation that the only one of Stalin's of us, or worse, what they would have done treaties that the Soviets did not break was HON. WM. JENNINGS BRYAN DORN to us, had we made a hasty and dishonorable the notorious Nazi-Soviet treaty. Simply be­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA quick-exit from Indochina. The Communists cause the Soviets !eared the strength of Hit­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES understand m111tary power; they understand ler's armies. As we move into the "Era of the language of power as well as they under­ Negotiations" proclaimed by the President 1n Thursday, February 18, 1971 stand the twisted doctrines of Marx and his Inaugural Address, it is useful to remem­ Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, the Ameri­ Lenin. It is because of their constant watch­ ber that the Soviets understand the arith­ ing and testing of our military strength and can Legion has since advocated a metic of power. They will honor their com­ 1919 our will to use it if necessary, that our na­ mitments to the extent that they fear to pro­ strong national defense, which I believe tional security demands an honorable solu­ voke a powerful America. would have prevented World War II. tion in Indochina. The only way to prevent World War m and Their program today is one which, if Looking farther into the post-Vietnam era the nuclear holocaust which would destroy implemented, will prevent World War we see other threats to our national security, clv111zation is for our country today to main­ III. Mr. Speaker, may I emphasize that and thesa involve the lagging development of tain superior mllltary strength. We can pre­ the Legion's program is for the pre­ our naval and air power. In just 5 years vent war and preserve the peace for a fraction vention of war and for the maintenance the Soviet navy has grown from a water­ of what it would cost to fight a nuclear war borne arm of their ground forces to a well which no nation could win. of peace. Under the leadership of Na­ rounded ::.aval force. The Soviets now possess tional Commander Chamie the Ameri­ the largest submarine force in world history: can Legion is a dynamic force for peace. 360 submarines--SO of them nuclear pow­ It was my great honor to give the fol­ ered-as against our total of 147 of all types submarines. At the current capacity of US BIG CITIES NEED TO GE'r LARGER lowing concluding remarks to the Amer­ SHARE OF ANTIPOLLUTION FUNDS ican Legion National Security Commis­ ship yards, our maximum annual submarine sion at the end of their 3-day conference construction is 12, while the Soviets have one yard with a 3-shift capacity of 35 subma­ on February 17, 1971 : rines a year. HON. CHARLES A. VANIK ADDREss BY CoNGRESSMAN WM. JENNINGs When discussing the relative air and naval OF OHIO BRYANDoRN strengths of the United States and the So­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Since its first national convention in viet Union we must always remember that 1919 the American Legion has always ad­ the Soviet Union has a predominant land Thursday, February 18, 1971 vocated a strong national defense posture mass position, whlle the US is basically an to preserve the peace. Had the Congress island power dependent on freedom of the Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, on Febru­ and the American people acted on the rec­ sea and air lanes. As an example, while the ary 9, in an effort to assist the cities and ommendations of the American Legion 1n Soviets have land access to Southeast Asia, States of America finance their much­ the '20's and '30's we could have avoided the US has used the sea to ship 97 percent of needed waste treatment facilities, I in­ World War II. We had scrapped our Navy, all materials sent to Vietnam. troduced legislation in the House which disbanded our Army and refused to de­ In addition to the necessity of neutralizing would provide for an increase in the Fed­ velop the airplane and the tank as instru­ the Soviet submarine threat to our sealanes, eral share of grants to States and cities ments of defense. General Billy Mitchell we must increase our nruclea.r strike poten­ was court-martialed largely as a resulrt of tial by increasing the number of ICBM-firing for the construction of waste treatment his advocacy of air power. With no air force submarines. While our fixed-site ICBM's may facilities. The bill which I am sponsor­ and our fleet in mothballs the U.S. was no someday be knocked out by misslles fired ing, H.R. 4010, would increase the Fed­ deterrent force to the warlords of Japan or from an orbital military satellite, our mo­ eral share in meeting construction costs to the raving Hitler. Had the Nation listened bile subs would pose a much more elusive from 30 or 50 percent to a full 70 per­ to the American Legion then we might have target--should the Russians or the Chi­ cent. avoided the tremendous human suffering nese gamble on a pre-emptive knock-out first and material loss associated with World strike. The Sunday, February 14, Cleveland warn. I say today that we must have a crash Plain Dealer carried an excellent article The American Legion has always recog­ program to make our country again supreme describing the need for increased pollu­ nized in addition that national security in­ on the sea. It is essential to the survival of tion control assistance to America's ma­ volves domestic as well as external considera­ freedom that the United States control the jor cities. The article follows. tions. The Legion has recognized that a sealanes of the world for peace. This can At the conclusion of the article I would strong m1Utary posture must be accompanied be done only with a nuclear navy. Nothing I have said in support of a revital­ like to enter a table in the RECORD which by a vigilant attitude towards those who provides, accurate through November would illegally and violently subvert our na­ ized navy should be taken 1n neglect of 30, tion from within. our nations air power. With our superior 1970, data on the distribution of Fed­ TOday I a.m. going to talk with you con­ technology and organization we can-if only eral waste treatment facilities construc­ cerning the external, or foreign elements of we will-control the airlanes of the world and tion grants. The table clearly indicates our national security. First of all let me say even F-pace. And we can control it for peace. that the money simply is not going to the that I believe we are on the right track in Weakness in keeping abreast of new develop­ areas of greatest need or to the areas Indochina. Our national security demanded ments in air technology could invite national where the greatest pollution exists: that we intervene in force in 1965, at a time disaster through continued aggression by the BIG CrriES MAY GET LARGER SLICE OF when a blatant and open communist invasion other side ln countless brush-fire wars. from the north threatened to overwhelm Should the aggressor renounce nuclear war­ ANTIPOLLUTION CAKE South Vietnam's anticommunist govern­ fare--as the Axis Powers did with respect to (By Robert J. Havel) ment. Today we are gradually :.urning over gas warfare in World War II-and move with WASHINGTON .-Antipollution dollars, which to the South Vietnrunese the main combat their vast preponderance of land forces 1n have been flowing rather freely of late, have burden. There may be temporary setbacks for Southeast Asia or Europe we could not win been going down the wrong drains. There are the Saigon forces, but they are increasingly without superior air-power. We would invite stirrings in Congress to redirect that flow. able to carry the load for themselves. The aggression and be defeated. As late as 1969, the flow was only a trickle significant fact with regard to our national Of course we need a highly mobile, trained because Congress and presidents were long security is that the United States has main­ Army that can be rushed as a deterrent to on promises but short on performance. But tained its international credibtllty by main­ future aggression. But without command of the spigot opened wider last year as concern taining its commitments to the people of the sea and the air it would be hopeless to for the environment and presidential poli­ South Vietnam. try to stem the tide of aggression. tics grew. We have thereby given the people of South On September 28, 1970 and again on Oc­ Now, President Nixon is proposing $2 bil­ Vietnam 6 years they would otherwise not tober 8, 1970, the late Chairman Mendel Rlv- lion a year as the federal share of a three- February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3343 year, $12-billion program for construction of munitles went ahead and built 'facilities on ment through the Ohio Water Development waste-treatment facllities. their own. They assumed the federal govern­ Authority, which sets state priorities and Sen. Edmund S. Muskie of Maine, the ment would reimburse them for the federal handles the federal money. leading but unannounced frontrunner for share. They were wrong. The state has made a $6-million, 20-year the Democratic presidential nomination, The Environmental Protection Agency es­ loan for the remainder of the Cleveland wants the federal government to kick in $2.5 timates projects, now in various stages and need. billion a year for a five-year, 25-billlon pro­ worth $1.5 billion, will be eligible for reim­ Ohio did get a break last week when Wil­ gram. bursement. Of this amount, $300 million is liam D. Ruckelshaus, head of EPA, ruled that The main problem is the allocation for­ due communities and states for plants al­ the state's loan arrangement qualified as a mula. ready in operation. matching-'funds program. Cities simply haven't been able to come Ohio this year was allocated $51.5 million. This entitles the state to 50% matching up with the matching money-70% of the Of this nearly $11 million was for reimburse­ money from the U.S. Treasury. Previously, total cost of construction in Cleveland's case. ments. because the loans did not qualify as a match­ The federal money, therefore, has not gone Under the current pollution-control pro­ ing program, projects could receive only 30% to the big cities, where the people and the gram, which expires June 30, Cleveland has in matching money. pollution are, but to smaller communities received reimbursements of $535,238 for What this means is that Ohio 'l.nd its where the construction is often used for in­ planning and engineering. communities will now have to put up $51.5 dustrial development rather than pollution Improvements now under way at the million to take full advantage of the $51.5 control. Cleveland's Easterly Treatment Plant wll1 million in federal funds allocated to tbe From the start through Nov. 30, 1970, cost $6.6 million. state. federal grants for water-pollution control Of this amount, says Cleveland Utllities Under the 30-70 setup the state and cities for 10,916 projects have totaled $1,959,101,- Director William S. Caskill, $600,000 has been would have had to raise $119 million to get 583, the Environmental Protection Agency allocated to Cleveland by the federal govern- the $51.5 million in federal money. reports. The total cost of the 10,916 projects is TABLE 11 estimated at more than $8 b1111on, which includes local money. However, only 8.2% of this money has Percent of Percent of Number of projects Federal grants gone to cities with more than 250,000 popu­ Population projects (cumulative) grants (cumulative) lation, although 22% of the people in the United States live in cities this size. Less than 2,500 ______, ______,___ 5,251 48.1 284,900,992 14.5 A staff member of Muskie's pollution sub­ 2,500 to 5.000 ______---·-- __ ------_ 1, 564 62. 4 208, 47!, 117 25. 2 committee frankly admitted that neither 5.001 to 10,000 ______,_ ___ 1,335 74.7 244,30:>,475 37.6 the Nixon nor the Muskie proposals would 10,001 to 25,000 ______------___ 1, 235 86. 0 353, 534, 885 55. 7 greatly ease the cities• problems. 25.001 to 50,000 ______- --·-- __ ------__ _ 608 91. 5 236, 690, 006 67. 8 50,001 to 125.ooa______422 95.4 252,127,967 80.7 "The program has been underfunded and 125,001 to 250,000______187 97. 1 140, 763, 242 87. 8 undermanned from the beginning," he said. 250,001 to 500,000______104 98.1 77,564,933 91.8 "We started behind, and now we're farther 500,001 and over______210 100.0 160,743,236 100.0 behind." ------~~------TotaL ______•• ___ ~10, 916 ______s 1, 959, 101, 853 ______Nixon's proposal would require the states and communities to pick up at least 50% of the cost of treatment facilities. 1 Status of grants as of Nov. 30, 1970. Muskie's plan would enlarge the federal 2 Estimated cost of 10,916 projects is $8,039,640,235. share to as much as 60%, if the problem 3 Includes approximately $170,000,000 supplemental funds from EOA and ARC. is approached on a river basin basis. Source: Records of Evaluation and Resource Control Branch, Division ofiFacilities Construction and Operation, EPA. This simply isn't enough, the mayors of Atlanta and Detroit told Muskie last week. Those cities are under 180-day orders to stop pollution, as Cleveland is. TRIDUTE TO WISCONSIN STATE figure in his caucus as the newly chosen The cities can't clean up in 180 days, the REPRESENTATIVE JOSEPH SWEDA speaker pro tempore, meaning that he is mayors said, or even in 180 weeks. one of the top leadership circle. They recited results of a study by the At the age of 44, Sweda is starting his fifth U.S. Conference of Mayors on the needs of term from the preponderantly rural district 1,105 communities and sewer districts that HON. DAVID R. OBEY composed of Lincoln and Taylor Counties. serve 95 million people. OF WISCONSIN Sweda is one of the comparatively few Demo­ The total needs of these 1,105 units were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crats who is solidly entrenched according to estimated at $33 billion to $37 billion over conslStent performance in a rural district, the next few years. Thursday, February 18, 1971 as shown by the fact that he is chairman of Ohio's total needs were set at about $1.2 Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, as Members the Taylor County Board, an office represent­ billion, Cleveland at $485 million. ing higher prestige in local politics than The mayors recommended that the federal of the House will know, all too often in membership in the legislature ir. most in... government pick up as much as 75% of the political life the most workmanlike of stances. cost of the projects. The Muskie committee legisla-tors receives the least amount of staffer said the senator was kicking the idea publicity. around. That fact is no more true in the House NIXON THE BOLD In the House, Rep. Charles A. Vanik, D-22, than it is in the Wisconsin Legislature Cleveland, introduced legislation asking that where I spent almost 7 years. the federal government provide up to 70% Occasionally a thoughtful an

already have great discretion--.and that the Mr. Nixon declared once before, in hiS radicals who so urgently espouse unbridled Nixon administration has been saying for two education message to Congress last March, freedom. years that in some fields at least, they ought that "I am determined to see to it that the Over the millions of years that have passed to have less. flow of power in education goes toward, and since man appeared on this planet, he has As one example, there is at least one old not away from, the local community. The made the transition from a primitive cave­ federal program that already seems exactly to diversity and freedom of education in this man to the civilized being we know today. fit Mr. Nixon's new specifications. It is Title nation, founded on local administration and Man has steadily evolved a civilization which I of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Ed­ state responsibility, must prevail." Yet the has consistently improved the lot of the in­ ucation Act, at $1.5 billion this year the President also said, in that same message, dividual. Learning from the mistakes of gov­ largest of all OE programs, accounting alone that he was not going to seek "major new ernments, leaders have risen to initiate im­ for almost a third of the whole OE budget. expenditures" for education until, as he put provements. Due to their efforts, men were The money is distributed to school districts it, "we gain a new confidence that our edu­ delivered from the bondage of serfdom and according to how many disadvantaged chil­ cation dollars are being wisely invested to the rule of tyrants. Gradually, the common dren they serve. The only requirement is bring back their highest return in social man became educated toward the idea of that they spend it only on these children, and benefits, and ... provide some assurance freedom. as an extra, to help them catch up. All fur­ that those funds contribute toward funda­ From its earliest years, this nation has ther decisions-as to whether they spend mental reform." cherished the concept of freedom. Looking it on teachers or textbooks, reading or math How to reform and not interfere? That is back today, we can say the American has for example-are theirs alone to make. the question. monumentally succeeded in producing a free Title I, like so many of OE's other current Mr. Nixon said in his state of the Union society. Not surprisingly, the system has had programs, is a legacy of the Johnson admin­ message last month that "I reject the pa­ its faults; but no humanly-devised institu­ istration, one of its proudest accomplish­ tronizing idea that government in Washing­ tion could be perfect. All we can do is strive ments from Great Society days. The trouble ton is inevitably more wise, more honest and for constant improvement. The nation's with it, as Mr. Nixon himself observed in more efficient than government at the local faults have been steadily corrected by due his education message last March; is that or state level ... The idea that a bureau­ process of law, and, hopefully, Americans it has "not measurably helped poor chil­ cratic elite in Washington knows best what will continue to erase the flaw,<; that exist. dren catch up." Proponents say this is be­ is best for people everywhere and that you It is through the democratic process that cause state and local officials have misspent cannot trust local government is really a reform can be successfully carried out. In the money, used it in unimaginative ways, contention that you cannot trust people to this manner, tremendous strides have been spread it too thin, and often spent it on all govern themselves." That is the politics of made in the realms of universal suffrage, children rather than just on the poor. Thus his proposal. It is also an oversimplification. public education, social security and civil for two years the Nixon administration has When the President's bill is sent to Con­ rights to mention a few. We must not give been doing something the Johnson admin­ gress, it will have strings attached to funds; in to hysterical nihilists who, while pur­ istration-partly for fear of being accused his own Commissioner of Education said as porting to carry the banner of freedom, would of encroaching on local prerogatives-failed much last week. Meanwhile, it is enough to destroy everything that we have achieved to do; it has tightened and warned that it say that the President's rhetoric and his thus far. will enforce Title I regulations. record do not match. One of the inalienable rights of an Ameri­ One of these regulations (on "compara­ can citizen is the right to dissent. He has bility") reaches down to the tiniest details of school management, further than the fed­ the opportunity and responsibility to work eral government has ever moved before. Its within the system to eradicate the wrongs he believes to exist. We have seen too much of purpose i~ to make sure that Title I funds MARY A. WOODFORD, VERMONT'S are indeed spent on extras for poor children. this peaceful dissent turn into riots; we It requires that local school boards first VOICE OF DEMOCRACY WINNER have witnessed the very people who preach spread all of their non-Title I money out peace, love and equality bombing buildings evenly, local and state money as well as fed­ and destroying property that does not belong eral, so that services to all pupils in all to them. Examples of this destruction are schools in any one grade are "comparable." HON. ROBERT T. STAFFORD rampant in many of our universities and The boards may then add their Title I OF VERMONT colleges, as, for instance, Columbia, Kent money on top just in poor schools. The com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State, and some universities in California. parability rule does not assume that state In the Wall Street Journal of August 3, and local officials are somehow less fallible Thursday, February 18, 1971 1970, S. I. Hayakawa, President of San Fran­ than federal officials. If anything, it as­ cisco State College, stated, "From the age of Mr. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, it is 15 on, our young people, whether or not they sumes the reverse. The rule, if enforced, will with a great deal of pride that I place in require a major redistribution of resources have a bent for the intellectual life, are in many local school districts. the RECORD for today an outstanding pushed and prodded by parents and teach­ The problem with Title I, and the prob­ speech by a fine yonng lady from Ver­ ers-and even more by community expecta­ lem posed by federal revenue-sharing gen­ mont, Mary A. Woodford of Springfield, tions--to go to college." Hayakawa goes on erally is how to reconcile a federal purpose who is the Vermont winner in the annual to say that many of those students who join with local and state control. The Nixon ad­ Veterans of Foreign Wars voice of democ­ protests and demonstrations never wanted ministration has faced the same problem on racy contest. to go to college in the first place; that they a smaller scale in the field of vocational should exercise their right not to go. education. Federal appropriations for voca­ FREEDOM--QUR HERITAGE Thus Americans must not allow the de­ tional programs used to be pretty much The word freedom seems to have become struction of their heritage of freedom by what Mr. Nixon now says he wants-lump­ almost as hackneyed as the words relevant, extremists from the right or left. Rather we sum grants to the states to spend as they meaningful, viable and other such cliches should rely on the nonextremists, that hu­ saw fit. In 1968, however, Congress changed which abound in the modern American man ballast in the ship of state, to keep this that. Its finding was that the states were vernacular. However, freedom must not be country on an even keel. spending too little money on the segments shrugged off lightly nor bandied about until of the population most in need of vocational it becomes worthless. Throughout history, training. Its response was to rewrite the law, men have fought to conserve freedom; in divide the money up, and require that fixed the twentieth century we also must see that shares be spent each year on such groups as it is preserved. PERSONAL EXPLANATION the poor, the handicapped, and those who Rather like the snake devouring its own had left high school with few marketable tail, the cry for freedom is too often the skills. rallying point of extremist causes, both right HON. JEROME R. WALDIE The administration has not yet determined and left. In the last several years, we have whether to keep or abandon these "set­ witnessed the misuse of this term by both OF CALIFORNIA asides" in the consolidation bill it will send ends of the political spectrum. In 1967, while IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to Congress. Its problem was clearly put in visiting Canada, General Charles de Gaulle Thursday, February 18, 1971 a memo last fall, from presidential assistant voiced the idea of a free and independent John D. Ehrlichman to Health, Education, Quebec. In the past few months, this cry has Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, on Decem­ and Welfare Secretary Elliot L. Richardson. been taken up by radical separatists, who ber 21, 1970, when the vote on H.R. 14233 The memo, intended to elicit policy propos­ after kidnapping and murder, made extor­ to exempt sales of .22 caliber ammuni­ als in the vocational field, contained six tionate demands on the Canadian govern­ questions. One was, "How can federal voca­ ment for the freedom of political prisoners. tion from the 1968 Gun Control Act was tional education programs best serve as a For several years, the demands of leftists in taken, had I been present, I would have catalyst for reform in the often moribund America have been listened to politely by voted for H.R. 14233. state vocational educational agency without their more moderate counterparts. However, The RECORD mistakenly has me violating the principles of the New Federal­ those attempting to propound more con­ "paired" against the measure. I support ism?" servative views are heckled by these same H.R. 14233. February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3349 RECIPE FOR CHARACTER: HEAD, Making 3,000 pounds of fruit cake (in five lar customers are several companies who send HANDS, AND HEART different varieties) by Dec. 1 isn't unusual her fruit cakes and puddings to their em­ for Mrs. Reick-! don't know how much I've ployees and to those in the service over­ made this year, I don't have time to add up seas .. . "one of them is a very exclusive all the orders." New York store." HON. J. GLENN BEALL, JR. Once the cakes are baked, and decorated, Can she "diversify?" "Oh, my yes, honey, OF MARYLAND she per-sonally packs them, wraps the boxes I make seven kinds of chicken dinners, from IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES and loads them into her station wagon for foreign recipes and I can beat the socks of! the trip to the post office. that Colonel with my fried chicken, but I Friday, February 19, 1971 Along with the cakes, which she says are just don't have the time and the storage fa­ Mr. BEALL. Mr. President, I noted "mostly fruit, nuts, butter and eggs and can­ cilities now to do it. with great pleasure an article published dies.... I don't advise freezing them be­ "My mother told me when I was a girl that cause there is so little fiour they get too I might never get to travel around the world in the Baltimore News American of De­ moist" . . . she also makes, using old fam­ but I could learn something about all the cember 20 , 1970, which was devoted to ily recipes, plum pudding, mince meat, hot peoples of the world if I tried their way of an interesting and an outstanding Amer­ chutney, sweet onion rings, and peanut and cooking. ican, Mrs. William Reick. Mrs. Reick ex­ cashew butters. "I've been interested in foreign cooking emplifies the type of solid, dedicated, The telephone rings frequently in the ever since. I have a lot of cook books but I hardworking citizen who has, through house in which she lives alone-her husband usually make my own changes, nine times the years, built this Nation. Mrs. Reick's died t ragically in April, 1969. out of ten I'll improvise." "There goes that phone again .. . you en­ Mrs. Reick says she cooked her first meal late husband was a veteran of World War when she was 10 years old ... "it was steak, I and a career military officer. Mrs. Reick joy your mince pie while I get it," she com­ mented. This t ime it wasn't an order, it was on an old iron grill on the coal stove, mashed was a registered nurse and a teacher of a woman doing some of her own baking who potatoes and salad" ... but she's done a lot Red Cross classes. Her interests range needed some expert advice. of things that took her out of the kitchen from history to current affairs. Mrs. "Oh, my yes, that happens all the time too. Reick now helps to support herself by honey, why not long ago I answered the "I've done more things in my life, honey, selling a variety of home baked goods. phone and a young girl was in tears. She'd t han I care to tell about ... I was an R.N. Her reputation as a cook continues to made a lemon pie for her husband and the for a long time . . . during the Second World meringue just laid there she said. So, after War I taught Red Cross classes in Washing­ spread through Southern Maryland. t on, D.C. and one year I was in charge of their Mrs. Reick's self-reliance and deter­ I asked her how she'd made it (too little sugar), I told her to let the meringue lay whole campaign. I formed a political club mination to make her own way in life there and make some more and put it on once and ran it ... no, I won't tell you where are, I think, truly commendable charac­ top." it was or which side it was on. I worked for the Philadelphia Record for a while inside teristics. But Mrs. Reick isn't only interested in I ask unanimous consent that the arti­ cakes, puddings and pies. Just inside the and then I ran to all the fires. cle be printed in the RECORD. hallway near her front door is a small stack "My husband was an architect, but he was of Congressional Records. also an artist, I used to pose for him a lot ... There being no objection, the article that's my portrait over there. I told him at was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, "I subscribe to the Record. Right now I the time that I looked like an old sourpuss, as follows: can't keep up with it, but I will read them. I think everyone should read the Congressional but he had started to paint it from a passport RECIPE FOR CHARACTER: HEAD, fuNDS, AND Record and become aware of what is hap­ picture." HEART pening in the country. In the 1940s the Reicks were frequently (By Corinne F. Hammett) guests of Congressmen and foreign ambas­ "All these people shouting their heads off. sadors-her husband wa.s the chief archi­ The old, black country kitchen coal stove They should read and know what they're tect to the superintendent of the Memorial still works. The date on the metal plate says t alking about first. Like Vietnam, you can't Divisd.on, Army Quartermaster Corps-"we 1931. just turn a switch and turn it off ... I hate had a real coterie of friends then, but most The little white farm house, like the stove any war ... but you've got to do things the of them are dead now." inside, has a very distant past. The yard, just right way. Not running up and down the In a quiet, pleasant voice Mrs. Reick re­ off a narrow, black-top road is rutted and streets, shouting their heads off. lated how her country kitchen in calvert topped with brown-grey tufts and twigs. An "Where were all these people when the County came about. old, white station wagon is parked on the agreements were made? "In 1946 Bill, he was a World War I vet­ dirt, next to neatly spaced brick enclosed "Oh, yes, I'm very interested in history. I eran, had so much trouble with his ulcer circles where summer flowers bloom. think everything is a jigsaw puzzle, and it that he had to resign. He was too proud to go A small, plain, white sign, jutting from the all fits in. You have to know the before and to Vetenaru;• AdmillJistrat'ion ami ask for corner of the house says "Patti Reick's after." money, so for nine years we lived on our Country Kitchen." Recently she spoke to an officers' wives savings. Then it was gone and I went to the And, strange as it may seem~there is a club about her kitchen. "They said I de­ VA and saia, look you've got to save this country kitchen in the house--and more served a lot of credit for what I'm doing. I man's life. They did, but took half his stom­ often than not, Patti Reick will be in it. told them no, not me, my parents and grand­ ach away and wired him back together. We This time, however, Mrs. William Reick, in parents deserve the credit. They gave the couldn't stay in D.C. on $66.15 a month so a spotless pink, white and green print, her heritage, to go on, this is the kind of thing we began to look for a country house. white hair in soft short curls, glasses perched t hat has to be taught in childhood. "In 1955 we found this house, it was run on her nose, was bending over a dining room "The three R's are O.K., but I was taught down but we knew we could fix it up ... so table putting tiny labels on boxes of rich, t he three H 's. First, how to use my head, with his knowledge and my strong arms we dark brown fruit cakes. then to learn to use my hands. Hands aren't did it. There were about a half dozen of the boxes just for powdering your nose and feeding "We always bOO given my dark fruit cake on the table, ready to be wrapped and mailed. your face, they are to serve others as well. for Christmas gifts, even to Congressman ... Hundreds, maybe thousands (Mrs. Reick Then, to whatever endeavor you set yourself, so I said, if they like it so much, why not wasn't sure) had already been sent on their you must add heart. You can't do things just sell it? way, across the country and across the ocean. with the idea of just getting by ... "That's how it began, tiriends told "Oh, my yes, honey, I do everything myself. "And there are some other R's that are im­ friends ... Help? Where would I put them?" portan t too. But parents aren't teaching their "We went to the FHA for a loan to buy Where, indeed? children these today. The kids are demanding some equipment and then we went to the The orderly little kitchen, heated by the their rights, but before rights, there is this: Small Business Administration for another coal stove has just enough room for the reason, responsibility and how to remember loan to put in a cold storage room. On April stove, another range a few years younger, two others. Then comes your rights and rewards." 8 we got the money and the next day, we floor-to-ceiling ovens, a tiny sink, some cup­ While her kitchen is in the country, Mrs. were working under the corner of the living boards, a table with a nut grinder on one Reick doesn't intend to stay "way back off room .. . the man who had built the house end, a professional bakery pastry blender and the main highway . . . what I'd really like is hadn't done a proper job with reinforce­ a cement mixer. to have some businessmen back me so I could ment, but we didn't know that. Bill walked And, of course, Mrs. Reick, who admits to open a small plant and diversify . . . and under the fioor and the cinder blocks came being "in my 60s," and adds, "I never did sell my things right there. apart and fell on him and he had a massive learn to work sitting down." "The trouble now is that my business is heart attack . . . with all those wires they But, the cement mixer? "Oh, my yes, it really only word-of-mouth and it's season­ couldn't give him a heart massage. doesn't crush the nuts, candies and fruits. al . . . I wish people would think of ordering "No, I'm not bitter. It's not healthy to be And it will efficiently mix up a 50 pound things for other holidays, like Easter, or bitter, that's how resentments grow into batch of Mrs. Reick's fruit cake-these even give me my orders in July. Big com­ catastrophes. I feel a great loss, Lord how I recipes are all my own, I wouldn't tell a soul panies usually know then what they're going miss him ... but I don't feel any bitter­ how to do it." t o spend for Christmas." ... among her regu- ness ... " 3350 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971

And she smiled and sa.id, "let's go down to her kitchen heated by the old coal stove ADVICE TO THE PEACENIKS to the cold storage room . . . I can make ... she'd been a little embarrassed by that cakes all year and keep them indefinitely stove, she apologized for not having it pol­ down there." ished, "but you can't buy the good Vulcan HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN The room is reached via a narrow stairway polish anymore ..." from the kitchen. Inside the temperature is OF NEW HAMPSHIRE maintained at 40 degree&-and the pleasant IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES aroma of fruit cakes liberally doused in Thursday, February 18, 1971 rum, brandy and bourbon tllls the room. HOUSE CONCtJRRENT RESOLUTION "I don't use any a.rtilficla.l preservatives or 172-A BILL URGING HEW COM­ Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, restraint is additives in any of my cooking ... I use PLIANCE IN THE DISTRICT needed in balancing public interest in rum, brandy and bourbon on the ca.kes and SCHOOLS military operations in Southeast Asia if I don't sell them all, I go back down in with risk to fighting men in the field from the summer and give them all another good spray." HON. JOHN R. RARICK having the enemy know too much in ad­ Shelves, covered in bright foil, rise to the vance about our plans and objectives. OF LOUISIANA ceiling-they were loaded with fruit cakes, Some of the news stories of late have each tiny package carefully wr&pped, "they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES virtually been a blueprint of the tactics, all weigh a pound." Thursday, February 18, 1971 strategy, and objectives. This presents Jars of nuts stood on other shelves along a very real danger to our fighting men. with some freshly m81de peanut butter, some Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, The following remarks by the able canned tomatoes and peaches. I introduced House Concurrent Resolu­ columnist, Ralph De Toledano, appear­ "Those are just for my own use." tion 172, a resolution expressing the seme ing in the Manchester Union-Leader on Stacks of supplll.es were on other shelves of Congress that Federal officers and em­ . . . several boxes of dates from Iran stood in February 16, 1971, are of interest in this ployees residing and working in the Dis­ connection: a corner ... "I use the best, those are only trict of Columbia should send their chil­ allowed in the country once a year so you dren to the public schools of the District ADVICE TO THE PEACENIKS can imagine the trouble that is." (By Ralph De Toledano) Back up the stairs again ... "You've got to of Columbia. watch your head, the celling is low" . . . she The resolution has been referred to the Truly, the American people are long-suffer­ Committee on the District of Columbia. Ing. Or else something has atrophied in our talked about the future: "I would like to sell moral character. At another time, much of these all year around, there's plenty of room I am hopeful, since so many members on the country would be up in arms over what in the cold storage room . . . the trouble the committee are interested in racial has been going on in Washington and on the is not many people even know there is a balance, equality of education, and the front pages. I refer to the frightening dis­ Lower Marlboro." future of the District, that early hear­ play of irresponsibility which led Senators Year around sales would aid Mrs. Reick in ings will be held and the resolution unan­ overcome by a sense of their importance, paying back the loans she and her husband imously adopted. the electronic press, and some newspapers obtained ..."Oh, my, honey, one has six to risk the lives of Americans and their a.llies years to go yet." The District of Columbia Superintend­ ent of Public Schools, Hugh J. Scott, has by focusing attention on Indochinese opera­ She adds, "my things really ought to go tions which for standard-and correct-­ over, people are so fed up with the ersatz and reportedly warned that a state of anarchy military reasons were being kept secret. the artificial ... you'd be surprised what's exists in the :!:>istrict's 190 schools, 51 of One scene I will never forget is that of a in some of the food you buy. But nothing which do not have any "other"-non­ TV newsman shoving a mike at Defense Sec­ beats good honest home cooking. I learned Negro-students in attendance. At retary Melvin Laird and demanding to know as a child to cook that way, I can even make present, of the total student enrollment the details of plans on which there had been wine if I have to ... I'd love to have of 143,763 there are 136,364 Negroes; 60.3 a blackout in South Vietnam. If I were that plant, I'd give some of the men coming percent of the "other"-non-Negro-are running the Communist world's Intelligence home from Vietnam jobs. network, I'd fire most of my staff and rely on "Someone came here awhile ago and want­ enrolled in 14 schools, at which schools what I could read in the American press or ed me to convert to health foods. They the "other"-non-Negro--students con­ see on American television. Enough could bought some organic dates, at $1.15 a pound. stitute at least 50 percent of the enroll­ be read between the lines of what our press I think this is really just a fad, and it's ment. and the Fulbright clique-claque were spout­ much too expensive for me. But you don't If the present Health, Education, and ing to fill in the picture. Espionage, let it be have to cook that way. Welfare guidelines and court rulings noted, is no longer a job for Mata Hart. It "If people would learn how to cook it under which public education in my dis­ consists of fitting small pieces of a jigsaw would be a happier world . . . I believe a lot puzzle together-and Hanoi's Intelligence of Americans go to bed hungry, they eat trict must operate were to be equally corps must have had a ball as it picked up junk, soft drinks, hot dogs, french fries applied to the District of Columbia every little shenanigan of those who wanted . . . no wonder our digestion is going in this school system, all Federal funds would to "expose" the Nixon Administration. country!" be immediately cut off. It seems to me that even the most ded.i­ When she has a spare moment, Mrs. Reick Since many of the HEW bureaucrats, cated peacenik would realize tha.t this wash­ likes to watch television . . . "I go to sleep legislators, staffs, and members of the ing of military plans in public can only lead watching it" or enjoying the Calvert County judiciary responsible for the crisis in to the deaths of Americans and American countryside. "It's really very lovely around public education live or work in our Na­ allies. It's as simple as that, especially since here, and the moonlight, we have the pretti­ the peaceniks assure us every hour on the tion's Capital, I feel that they should hour that they are fighting for surrender in est moonlit nights in the state. participate in the war for egalitarianism "A few months ago I was crabbing on our Vietnam to save American lives. No one will little pier down the road ... this used to be for themselves. Adoption of this resolu­ know how many people are being k1lled today a famous port you know, a long time ago. tion would help pave the way to HEW because the enemy was forewarned by the It was around midnight and the new moon compliance as well as forced racial bal­ brouhaha in this country. was very low, it reflected in the water and ance in the District. The entire country Were it not being said in and out of print then I turned and looked back at the trees would profit--at least by experience by some of Washington's most respected col­ . . . they were ablaze with millions of lights gained firsthand . umnists and newsmen, I would hesitate to make the point. But it has become obvious like flickering fireflies. It was a gorgeous In this way, Washington, D.C., schools sight!" that the old rules of political and. journalistic might better serve our Nation as a model behavior no longer apply. As she walked to the door, she pointed in experimentation and laboratory edu­ to two framed certificates in the dining Those who brought President Johnson low room--"I'm real proud of them. We won cation. and are hoping to do the same to President two awards, in 1967, the 17th annual In­ The text of my concurrent resolution Nixon have one thing in mind. They truly ternational Paper Box Manufacture's Asso­ follows my remarks: want to see terrible American defeats in In­ dochina so tha.t they can leap to their feet ciation. There were over 4,000 entries and HoUSE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 172 only eight people won two awards ... for in righteous indignation and chant, "We told Resolved by the House oj Representatives you so." Few of them know and none of them the box as well as the contents." (the Senate concurring), That it is the sense She opened the door and commented "I'll care that the most difficult military operation of Congress that each officer or employee of is one of planned withdrawal. If the Nixon have to start early tomorrow and make some the Federal Government who is residing and Ad.mlnistration's program for pull1ng our more plum pudding. working in the Dt.s.trict of Columbia and who combat troops out of Vietnam is badly han­ "Oh, my, yes honey, it'll take me all day has a child qualified to attend an elementary dled, many thousands of American boys will . . . well come back again . . . you know, or secondary school should send such child to die. I put this plastic on the door myself this an elementary or secondary school in the There is only one way to achieve a safe year, think I did a good job too." public school system of the District of pullback and that is to keep the enemy off The door was closed and she went back Columbia. balance. So far Mr. Nixon has been a.ble to February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3351 accomplish this, but certain elements in the Indochina War. Expenditures in Vietnam conducting the war in Vietnam for one press and the Congress are inexplicably deter­ last year were 30 times more than federal day-we could deal creatively with the social mined to force him to tip his hand. The grants for urban renewal;" 2) LABOR, problems that confront us." President may have faults, but lack of cour­ chaired by specialists Jack McCormick, la­ The keynote speaker, Alvin Duskin, local age is not one o! them. And so he will push bor representative with Western Graphic dress designer and manufacturer and well­ ahead to get us out of a war which would Arts, Local #4, and Laurence P. Corbett, at­ known for his involvement with the plight have long since been won had not the peace­ torney and labor negotiator representing of the Alcatra.z Indians and the Peripheral nUtS imposed impossible conditions on its management. "Employment in the broadest Canal project, made the following significant conduct. sense is the challenge of the 70's to labor remarks: "The United States, which has long I suspect that Richard Nixon must look and management in answering national and possessed the millta.ry power to destroy the back with nostalgia to the day when a Re­ local needs. No longer can the unions Strive societies of any combination of potential publican Senator, Arthur Vandenberg, put only for high wages and improved working enemies--continues to spend about $80 bil­ aside his isolationism and his partisanship to conditions for the employed union members. lion a year on 'defense'. Despite the first seri­ support a Democratic President faced by tre­ Labor and management must demonstrate ous effort by Congress since World War II to mendous foreign policy problems. There are responsibility to the public by developing review and reduce defense expenditures, the no Vandenbergs in the Senate today, only new jobs for an expanding work force, by largest single slice of the federal budget con­ Fulbrights and Kennedys, and McGoverns. providing new job training for workers dis­ tinues to go for the military establishment Once upon a. time, politics stopped at the placed by automation or cutbacks in mili­ rather than to meet human needs. The con­ water's edge--but no longer. And so Mr. tary expenditures, and by opening without cept of re-ordered priorities may have grow­ Nixon mu.st cope with a highly complex sit­ discrimination equal job opportunities to ing support, but it does not yet have the po­ uation overseas and a. highly nasty one at minorities, including acceptance in appren­ litical muscle to overcome formidable resist­ home. If he tries to explain to the American tice and training programs as well as promo­ ance. The mill tray-industrial complex, an un­ people what is going on, he is accused of play­ tion to executive and administrative posi­ sympathetic Administration, and a public ing politics. If he remains silent, then he is tions. It is time for labor and man<.~.gement which is largely satisfied with the status quo accused of trying to keep the American peo­ and the government, where appropriate, to (except for resentment against high taxes ple in the dark. prove that employment problems can be more and high prices)-all combine to create seri­ There are enough adult Americans today effectively resolved in a peacetime economy ous resistance to change. The need now 1s who served in the armed forces to understand than in times of war"; 3) EDUCATION, to develop throughout the country a broad­ just what the Roman holiday of press spe­ chaired by specialist Paul Phillips, instruc­ ened base of political support for the con­ culations did to us. But these Americans have tor in Economics and History at Contra cept of re-ordered priorities. Until this remained silent. I wonder why. Many of them Costa College. "There is a need for individual­ broadening takes place, the forces of change have sons in Vietnam--sons who may be ized education and for changing the present will probably not prevail." killed because of what has been happening system of public education to provide stu­ The CONTR-A COSTA COMMUNITY here. I would like to know why they have dents with alternatives. Two or more public FORUM ON LOCAL NEEDS AND NATIONAL not bombarded the Senate and their local systems should be open to choice of each PRIORITIES was one of 90 such town hall­ press with indignant denunciations. student, and such systems should differ wide­ type meetings held throughout the country ly in curricula, methods, and organization as part of a project started by the Coalition of fac111ties. This will cost money, but per­ of National Priorities and Military Policy haps our survival depends upon these headquartered in Washington, D.C. ''CONTRA COSTA COMMUNITY FO­ changes"; 4) LAW AND ORDER, chaired by specialist Eugene Swann, Executive Direc­ RUM ON LOCAL NEEDS AND NA­ tor of Legal Services Foundation, Instructor VOLPE WARNS HEARNES ON TIONAL PRIORITIES" of Economics at San Francisco City College, BILLBOARD STATUTE University of California at Berkeley, and Contra Costa College. "The American system HON. JEROME R. WALDIE of justice is under tremendous strain to pro­ HON. WILLIAM L. SPRINGER OF CALIFORNIA vide a means of orderly change and progress. OF ILLINOIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dispute as to the proper and future role of law enforcement and justice is reflective of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, February 18, 1971 the dispute between our loca.l needs and na­ Thursday, February 18, 1971 tional priorities. Thus, resolution of 'law and Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, recently a Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I attach forum was held in my district to discuss order' problems can only be made within the large context of resolution of our national herewith an excellent article by Mr. Louis the issue of national priorities and the goals and purposes"; 5) ECOLOGY, chaired J. Rose, J e:fferson City correspondent of need to reevaluate our present system of by specialist Cliff Humphrey, founder of the St. Louis Post Dispatch of February priorities to better serve their community Ecology Action which has some 200 chapters 14, 1971. and their Nation. across the nation. Mr. Humphrey is the au­ The Secretary has certainly taken a The forum's sponsors recently sent me thor of several articles and the Campolindo firm position on this matter and in this a report of the proceedings which I feel High School text book entitled "What's he is backed up by the law. Any State may be of interest. Ecology" "Discussion of some of the major environmental problems in the County with has the right to do whatever it wishes. The report follows: particular emphasis on the County's master However, if it refuses to stand by the bill­ On October 3, 1970, the Contra Costa Com­ plan, the relationships between taxes and board provisions of the present law then munity Forum on Local Needs and National growth, the institutionalized growth bias the Secretary is forced to deduct the 10 Priorities was held at Diablo Valley College, as characterized by the Baldwin Channel percent from that State's allotment. Pleasant Hill, California. The purpose of Project--a publicly financed project serving Many of my colleagues may not be this Forum was to stress the need for a re­ special interests which represents a major view and re-ordering of national priorities. environmental threat to both the Bay and familiar with this law and I am insert­ The goal of the Forum was to establish a Delta regions. Some effort wi..ll be made to ing this article with the purpose of en­ positive response between government and suggest the tremendous positive potential lightening many Members of Congress as citizens as to our mutual needs. for county government to act immediately in to what has to be done: Significant statistics were revealed regard­ solving the environmental crisis"; 6) SO­ VOLPE WARNS HEARNES ON BILLBOARD STATUTE ing expenditures for the year ending June 30, CIAL PROBLEMS, chaired by specialist Wil­ 1970; i.e., for each of the 160,000 families in liam 0. Smith, Minister of Valley United (By Louis J. Rose) Contra Costa County, the Dept. of Defense Church, past Cha1rman of Economics Op­ JEFFERSON CITY, February 13.-Secretary of spent $625 for defense purchases and $215 portunities Council, recipient of Contra Transportation John Volpe has warned that for defense payrolls. The total expenditures Costa County's "Citizen Of the Year" Award Missouri will lose nearly $12,000,000 in federal of health, education and welfare (including 1969. "Bring low income families up to a road aid if the state fails to strengthen its Social Security) came to only $345 per fam­ living standard that allows them to live billboard control law this year. ily. Thus, we spend $840 for war and only decently. This will require an expenditure of Volpe, in a. letter this week to Gov. Warren $345 for local social needs. over $44 million for some 26,000 low income E. Hearnes, said that if the present state The Forum consisted of six workshops families in the County. The County needs statute was not revised to conform to fed­ whose objective it was to examine in depth at least 15 'Discovery Houses' at a cost of eral standards he would have no choice but the unmet needs of Contra Costa County. $500,000. A new Juvenile Hall is urgently to reduce the regular federal road apportion­ They were: 1) BUSINESS, chaired by special­ needed as well as a reception center for youth ment to the sta.te by 10 per cent. is"; Fortney Stark, president of Security Na­ who are having problems living in their pres­ He indicated that Missouri would have un­ tional Bank and prominent civic leader. ent familie~t a cost of $2.5 mil11on. None til next Jan. 1 to enter an agreement with "Business slowdown in the county is due to of the above figures includes the needs of the Federal Government regulating the size, the anti-inflation squeeze (higher unem­ mental and physical health programs, recrea­ spacing and lighting of roadside b1llboards. ployment, hence less buying). The under­ tion and open space, penal rehabilitation, "I intend to take a strong and personal lying cause for the business recession is the etc., but with $70 million-the cost for interest in the highway beautification pro- 3352 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971 gram, particularly as it relates to billboards," with federal billboard removal rules through­ The int roduction of bills into Congress Volpe told Hearnes. He said it would be neces­ out Missouri could mean an economic loss does not mean they will actually become sary for Missouri to revise its billboard con­ of $42,000,000 to $100,000,000. The two pro­ law. But these two proposals reveal a tough­ trol legislation to be eligible to execute an fessors, Martin L. Bell and Richard F. Wen­ ening attitude toward Latin American prob­ agreement with federal officials. del, concluded that the economic costs to lems. Under federal law, states such as Missouri t he state would exceed the benefits. The tuna fishing controversy involves the that have failed to conform have been sub­ law of the sea. Its ramifications are far too ject since 1968 to a possible 10 per cent re­ broad for Congress to attempt to legislate duction annually in federal road aid. details. If our diplomats are to keep the Volpe and his predecessors, however, have U.S. LATIN AMERICAN POLICY whole issue-and our Latin American rela­ never imposed the penalty on delinquent tions--out of a damaging tangle, Congress states because of the failure of Congress to must leave them room to maneuver and not provide adequate funds for the Federal Gov­ HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN pass laws inflaming the situation. ernment to carry out its part of the regula­ I am not arguing that the U.S. should give tion agreements. OF NEW HAMPSHmE in on every Latin American problem. But if Volpe, however, made it clear that no fur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we start to get tough, we must single out the ther delays would be allowed. Thursday, February 18, 1971 key problem to get tough on-and not let "I am lifting the moratorium which has tremendous hemisphere interests go down been in effect for about three years," he de­ Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, the time­ the drain on an issue far from the heart of clared in his letter to Hearnes. honored Monroe Doctrine is being ob­ the mat ter. Missouri's present billboard law was en­ served more in the breach than the ob­ To start, we should review our whole Latin acted in 1966. It failed to win the approval servance. As pointed out in the follow­ American policy in light of 1971's realities. of Washington officials because of a provi­ ing article, after a decade spent quietly Late in 1970, our National Security Council sion that sought to give county courts, which leaked that since Russia now has either are administrative bodies, the power to allow watching the Communists steadily in­ parity or superiority to us in nuclear arms, billboards along Missouri highways in un­ crease their inft.l!ence in the Western we must envisage that they may one day de­ zoned areas. Hemisphere, public officials are now cide to roll over Western Europe with conven­ Federal officials reportedly wanted changes rushing to express outrage over the tional weapons. in provisions on spacing of billboards, but harassment of 17 commercial fishing NATO nations were pressured to promise this was not viewed as a major hurdle. boats by Ecuador. $5 billion for conventional arms in coming An attempt was made in the 1967 Legisla­ I agree we should not take lightly the years on this basis. ture to bring the Missouri statute into line. Now if Russia may or can roll over West­ A bill to achieve this was offered by Senator seizure and fining of American boats for ern Europe with conventional weapons-and Robert A. Young (Dem.), St. Ann. It cleared fishing in waters generally recognized as if this is not a possibility, then our National the Senate, but was killed by the House Com­ the high seas. I believe it to be tanta­ Security Council should be fired-this would mittee on Roads and Highways, which was mount to an act of piracy and intoler­ catch us with Russia in Cuba riding our sea headed at the time by Representative Ruben able. communications between our West and East A. Schapeler (Dem.), Butler. But for the past 10 years this Nation coast s and between our industrial plant and Schapeler, an opponent of tight billboard has tolerated the Soviet Union arming important Latin American sources of supply. controls, was defeated when he ran for re­ And we propose to get tough in Latin election in 1968. The committee is now Cuba-a scant 90 miles from our shores. America because Ecuador fines 17 fishing headed by Representative Walter L. Meyer V.Te are now witnessing the completion of boats? (Dem.), Bellefontaine-Neighbors. a Russian nuclear submarine base on At the request of Robert L. Hyder, chief that island which will effectively double counsel for the State Highway Commission, the size of Russia's submarine fleet oper­ EMERGING NEW BLACK POLITICS Representative Meyer has introduced a bill ating in the Atlantic. to revise the 1966 measure. Mr. Speaker, I ask, as does Virginia Meyer's bill would delete the provision Prewett in the following article that re­ HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY authorizing county courts to exercise zoning cently appeared in the Washington Daily OF MISSOURI authority and would set the minimum space between billboards at 300 feet, rather than News, is this the commonsense policy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the 150 feet under the present law. that has protected this Nation from the Thursday, February 18, 1971 "By far the great majority of all billboards threa t of foreign intervention for the and signs along our primary and interstate past 150 years? Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, in the most highways in Missouri are unlawful," Ryder CONGRESS COULD WORSEN PROBLEM: TUNA recent days since the President's state told the Post-Dispatch. "We can't enforce OBSCURES BIGGER ISSUES of the Union address there has been the law because we can't use state road funds (By Virginia Prewett) considerable discussion, speculation, and for enforcement." dialog over the motivation, the wisdom, Hyder estimated that there were 10,000 Storm signals warn that it is high time for the U.S. press, our Congress and the White and the impact of the 12 black Members' roadside billboards and signs for which no of the House decision not to attend the state permits had been issued or that other­ House to take a hard look at the way our wise violated the state statute. In the vast hemisphere relations are drifting. address. Unfortunately, for the Nation­ majority of the cases, Hyder said, the signs From the excitement it generated, you the division has been primarily along could not be licensed under provisions of the would think the biggest thing happening in racial lines. Mr. Speaker, it has become law and would have to be taken down. Latin America is that Ecuador has seized and quite apparent to black America that a fined U.S. tuna boats. Yet Russia is moving When the 1966 bill was passed, the plan into Cuba with increasing military strength. new black politics has emerged. The Na­ was to use revenue from the permit fees, And for the first time, Russia's allied po­ tion as a whole does not have the slight­ together with special federal funds, to com­ litical organization has entree-thru Chile's est concept or understanding that a pensate owners for removal of billboards that government--into ruling a South American black political revolution has reached had been lawfully in existence before the mainland country. bill was passed. fruition. The implications of the latter develop­ But the federal funds, which had been Mr. Speaker, for the benefit of my fel­ ments completely dwarf the fishing dispute. expected to pay about 75 per cent of the cost low colleagues who are reputed to be the Yet the California State Senate has called on most knowledgeable, most astute politi­ of the program, were not forthcoming in the our Navy to protect U.S. tuna boats. And two amounts indicated. The Federal Government measures have been rushed into the legisla­ cal analysts in the country, perhaps my then was forced to put a moratorium on its tive hopper on Capitol Hill that can esca­ discussion of this matter might give plan to impose a 10 per cent penalty on late the fishing dispute into a major hemi­ them more insight and more apprecia­ states that failed to comply. sphere brawl. tion of the actions some black Members Opponents of strong billboard controls have testified at legislative hearings that REPRISAL MEASURES of this body may take during this ses­ the state would lose millions of dollars more One bill says the U.S. should take back sion of Congress. by such control than it would lose by non­ from a country that seizes our fishing boats EVENTS LEADING TO PRESENT STATE OF MIND IN compliance. This point has been made re­ any naval vessels we may have lent to it. BLACK AMERICA peatedly by spokesmen for the billboard in­ Peru and Ecuador have several small work The plight of the black man in Amer­ dustry and operators of restaurants and other vessels on loan, and Chile has two. businesses dependent on outdoor adver­ The second proposes that when a country ica has been to endure one crisis after tising. seizes a U.S. fishing boat, the U.S. should another. The killing of black students Some opponents have cited a report in deny its fishery products entry into our mar­ at Orangeburg, S.C., and at Jackson which two Washington University profes­ ket. If this law is passed and applied to Peru, State College in Mississippi, the murders sors estimated in 1967 that full compliance it will hurt that country badly. of Medgar Evers and Dr. Martin Luther February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3353 King, the dismissals of black teachers They must have a deep sense of per­ Louis Sentinel-which might further and principals in school districts forced sonal commitment to the concept of jus­ elaborate on the subject . to integrate by court orders, the jailings, tice and equality at any cost; a relative Th e articles follow: and persecutions of Malcolm X, H. Rap degree of political independence and THE B o YCO'l"l' OF THE PRESIDENT Brown, Stokely Carmichael, the national equally important the attribute of politi­ (By Howard B. Woods) plot to annihilate the Black Panthers, cal integrity. I have had many conversations with many the scheme by the FBI to embarrass and The new black politics demands a re­ of my friends, black and white, regarding the disgrace Dr. Martin Luther King are by evaluation of the old c0ncept that "what boycott of President Nixon's State of the no means isolated and unrelated inci­ is good for the Nation is good for minor­ Union address by t he twelve black congress­ dents. They are an integral part of ities." Those who embrace the new black men. It has had -a lot of debate here prin­ American past, present, and perhaps its politics must couch their thinking in the cipally because the idea was conceived by future unless blacks themselves decide fundamental concept that "what is good liJ.lissouri's Bill Cla y, the Democrat from the First Congressional District. Some of my certain basic options and alternatives to for minorities is good for the Nation." more activist black friends argue that the the traditional reign of terror under This position out of necessity requires boycott would have been much more effec­ which we have lived. the development of a new political phi­ tive if the t welve would have walked out It is crystal clear in the minds of most losophy for blacks. That philosophy must on the speech instead of the previously an­ black Americans that the aforecited be practical and selfish-the same as all nounced snub. To this one would have to realities are inherently a substantive others that presently exist in this coun­ disagree. This was the Congress of t h e Unit ed part of the racism that has always ex­ try. Black politics must start on the St·ates and t he President. Regardless of t he cause, no brownie points could have been isted in the United States. All of the premise that we have no permanent earned for a rash act of disrespect. Actually, mentioned racial atrocities are a con­ friends, no permanent enemies, just per­ the twelve discussed all aspects of what form tinuation of the eras of mass lynchings, manent interests. In matters strictly of a the protest should take. bombings of black churches, intimida­ political nature, we must be determined There are t hose, black an d white, who felt tion of black voters, police brutality to "take what we can, give up what we even the snub was t ot ally disrespectful. against black citizens, and the exploita­ must." Those in politics who disagree Many whites especially say that Clay now tion of black labor. with this approach should first analyze h-as an opportunity to "rise to statesman­ The pent up feelings under which we the composition of their own philosophy ship" but that he is muffing the opportunity. as black Americans have lived for so and if it does not parallel ours-they are Perhaps to place the act in better focus, I can quote from syndicated columnist many years can no longer be tolerated. qualified to disagree. Charles Bartlett, not one given to liberal We no longer feel compelled to nurture Mr. Speaker, the second qualification views. Bartlett, a most respected and con­ these frustrations in silent obedience or for the new black politics is a relative servative pundit, wrote in his column of to accept this unjust state of affairs. degree of political independence. Those January 28, that the boycott was "a piece of Black Americans today are in the bus­ black politicians who are subservient to political theatre by actors more anxious to iness of relating small instances to the white controlled political machines can­ shock than to enlarge the public's warmth whole picture. Underpaid black garbage not possibly stand the kinds of pressures for their cause." workers in Memphis and Atlanta and which will come when the new black "The script was not written for the white majority," Bartlett said. "Few enjoy seeing black tobacco workers in South Carolina politics launches the campaign for total the President snubbed. It was not a totally and North Carolina who are forced to black equality in all areas of American honest script in that negotiations had labor under the most unsanitary, inhu­ life. This is not to say that blacks in pol­ been underway to produce a meeting between mane conditions imaginable are now pro­ itics cannot have a reasonable, legitimate the President and the black bloc legislators. jected into the overall black conclu­ coalition with white politics. To think They are all Democrats and there is no tradi­ sions about life expectancy for our otherwise would be absolute folly. But tion requiring the President to sit down with race and reasons for our low-median in­ the kinds of techniques necessary to em­ a militant band of opponents." come. A bank which employs 25 black ploy at this stage in black politics must Bartlett goes on to point out that the boy­ be abrasive, retaliatory, obstructionist­ cott "although rude and unprecedented, people but refused to finance black bus­ plainly struck a responsive chord in black inesses and homes is viewed exactly in all of which may be offensive to whites, communities. Telephone checks around the that light. If a TV or radio station hires even white liberals. Without political in­ country indicate that thoughtful Negroes a black newscaster but is selective about dependence or a deep sense of commit­ usually adverse to such tactics were heart­ the news he can cover, the black com­ ment the pressures will be too great and ened by this one. They hailed it as a proper munity readily sees the inequity. some "colored" politicians may not be use of access to the headlines to register the As responsible elected black officials able to stay in the kitchen. widespread disillusionment with Richard with a mandate to articulate the needs The new black politics will cast the Nixon." traditional white liberal in a new and The writer then says that the White House of our constituencies, we would be dere­ tried hard to get some significant blacks to lict in our duties to do otherwise. We perhaps uncomfortable role. For many speak out against the discourtesy, but could cannot join the voices of those in Amer­ years now the white liberal has planned, find no one. Bartlett said Whitney Young ica insisting upon social order on the strategized, organized the fight for racial had some private criticism, but that entre­ one hand without insisting on social jus­ justice in this country. He has deter­ preneurs "like Philadelphia's Rev. Leon Sul­ tice on the other. Until social order mined the priorities, the issues, the battle livan, gilded beneficiaries of the black capi­ rests on the reality of social justice-­ plan, and the time of execution. He has talism program, kept their silence." - order will always rest on very tenuous skillfully involved many forces into the With this, Bartlett goes on to explain some If fight and has provided dedicated leader­ of the more positive approaches the President grounds. this Republican administra­ has taken and is taking to "abandon the am­ tion and this Democratic Congress do ship in helping to create the national cli­ biguous diffidence on minority problems not address themselves to the urgent, mate for racial change. But now he is which marked his first two years in office." critical problems of black and poor - confronted with the possibility that These programs, Bartlett wrote "is shadowy Americans and respond adequately and blacks will be planning, directing, and stuff against the grim realities and deepen­ with dispatch-the explosive mixture of leading the onslaught. The question is­ ing gloom in the ghettos. The usual pressures circumstance, tension, and hopelessness can the white liberal follow the lead of are compounded by two eVils which eat at the which lays bare our Nation to spontane­ blacks who have followed them for so social structure-unemployment and drugs. ous combustions will continue to exist. many years? This question should be an­ The victims," the writer said, "feel they are THE NEW BLACK POLITICS swered in the 92d Congress. injured by a crime that is not evoking suffici­ Mr. Speaker, I hope that this brief ex­ ent concern from the President." Mr. Speaker, at one time the politics Bartlett says pointedly to his white reader­ of blacks was based on the theory of planation has helped to enlighten my colleagues and perhaps provide some ship that the black legislative bloc is "far appeasement of the white majority. To­ from foolish in their instincts." He pointed to day, I inform my colleagues that the old basis for them to understand certain the majority backing they gave Rep. Hale black politics of accommodation has actions on the part of black Members of Boggs, Louisiana Democrat for majority been replaced by the new black pol­ this House. I am enclosing three arti­ leader. itics of confrontation. Those providing cles-two of which appeared in the Chi­ This is the kind of maneuvering necessary the leadership for the new black poli­ cago Sun on January 27 by Charles Bart­ on Capitol Hill 1f a legislator is to survive tics must possess three fundamental lett and Ed Williams and the third dated and still remain effective enough to serve his qualities. February 6 by Howard Woods in the St. constituency at home. 3354 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971 Jemima?" But she and the others had taken THE PRESIDEN'r AND THE BLACKS sive flanking attack by the black members of the House of Representatives. a prudent step toward enlarging their in­ (By Eddie N. Williams) fluence. It is a shocking revelation that for at least The black bloc is going to try to fill the the last 11 months the President of the BLACK BLOC EMERGES AS NEW CHALLENGE TO black leadership vacuum. 14: will play to the United States has refused to meet with the NIXON black constituencies and 1t will often seem 12 black members of the House of Represen­ (By Charles Bartlett) abrasive to the white majority. It has sud­ tatives about "the pleas and concerns" of WASHINGTON.-The boycott Of the Presi­ denly emerged as a new challenge to Mr. their constituents. dent's address to Congress by 12 black law­ Nixon's leadership. According to a Capitol Hill source, the makers was a piece of political theater by White House reply to the congressmen's re­ actors more eager to shock than to enlarge quest for an audience has been: "Can't fit the public's warmth for their cause. you in our calendar. Will get back to you The script was not written for the white BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA BUTI..DS soon." Since the President didn't get back to majority. Few enjoy seeing the President CHARACTER THROUGH BROTH­ them, they told him last week they would snubbed. It was not a totally honest script not attend the joint session of Congress to in that negotiations had been under way to ERHOOD hear his State of the Union message. So they produce a meeting between the President and boycotted. the black bloc legislators. They are all Dem­ HON. ELLA T. GRASSO Now they are petitioning four national tel­ ocrats, and there is no tradition requiring evision networks and the Federal Communi­ the President to sit down with a militant OF CONNECTICUT cations Commission to provide equal time for band of his opponents. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them to respond to the President's speech. But the boycott, although rude and un­ Thursday, February 18, 1971 They charge that the President does not precedented, plainly struck a responsive know the state of blacks within the Ameri­ chord in black communities. Telephone Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, the Boy can union and therefore cannot articulate checks around the country indicate that Scouts of America, which celebrated its their concerns, let alone respond to them. If thoughtful Negroes usually adverse to such 6lst anniversary on February 8, is com­ their petition is denied, they will consider tactics were heartened by this one. They prised of a noble group of young men bringing a law suit against the networks un­ hailed it as a proper use of access to the who have made an early commitment to der the fairness doctrine or staging their own headlines to register the widespread dis­ state of the union presentation on the floor illusionment With Mr. Nixon. life through their brotherhood and scout of the House. It was ominous that the White House, try­ troop activities. The boycott and the lack of communica­ ing hard to get some significant blacks to The following letter from LeRoy Curry, tion--even social-which it unearthed are speak out against this discourtesy to the scoutmaster of Troop 263, in Windsor most unfortunate because the President des­ President, could find no one. Whitney Young, Locks, Conn., reflects the scope and in­ perately needs reliable lines of communica­ highly controversial since he met with Mr. fluence of these activities. The varied en­ tion into the black community. As the con­ Nixon, delivered some private criticism. But deavors of the troops provide the town filet itself suggests, blacks need greater access entrepreneurs like the Rev. Leon Sullivan of to the White House. Who's to blame? Blacks, Philadelphia, gilded beneficiaries of the black with valuable services. Their willingness because they have treated the President as capitalism program, kept their silence. to serve the community as scouts has a political leper? The President, because his All this took place despite solid signs Mr. been appreciated by all those around style and programs do not excite their inter­ Nixon means to abandon the ambiguous clif­ them: est? fidence on minority problems that marked BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA-TROOP 263, Perhaps it is politically naive for any group his first two years in office. His racial rhetoric Windsor Locks, Conn. to think that its opposition to the election has grown more positive. He noted the birth­ DEAR MRS. GRASSO: This occasion, the 61st and programs of a President will be lost day of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. this Jan­ anniversary of the Boy Scouts of America, either on the man or his supporters. Yet the uary and sent Spiro T. Agnew to talk vrith seems an appropriate time to examine the President, no matter who op-poses him, is the the black officials of Newark, N.J. principal ideals of the Scouting program and President of all the people and his job is In addition, a paragraph calling for a na­ focus on the way in which a typical Troop indeed to "bring us together," as Mr. Nixon tional campaign to eradicate sickle cell strives to attain these ideals. What are these promised to do in his inaugural. It does not anemia, a disease that affticts 7 per cent of Scouting ideals? seem reasonable that he can do this by re­ all blacks, survived eight drafts of the StSJte They are: Development of Character, fusing to meet with elected officials who say of the Union message. It was edited out in Training in Citizenship, Building of Physi­ they speak for 25 million Americans. Nor can the ninth draft because it seemed gimmicky cal Fitness. ha do it by refusing to give national vent to to Mr. Nixon to make so much of a program What is a typical Troop and how does it their pleas and concerns. that will concern a minority of a milnority. strive to attain these ideals? One might argue that his dramatic State But the campaign will go forward. I will use Troop 263 as an example because of the Union proposals respond in part to The new mood is displayed more signifi­ it has just been selected as the outstanding some of the major issues troubling the black cantly in expanded allocations to the pro­ Troop among the twenty-five Troops in the community-health, employment and wel­ grams that affect ghettos. The expansion is towns of Bloomfield, East Granby, Suffield, fare, in particular. This would be true only far short of the needs, but Mr. Nixon intends Windsor and Windsor Locks. This award in­ superficially even if the proposals could get that his shared revenues will have a "scram­ dicates that our Troop most nearly meets enacted into law. bled eggs" effect in restricting discrimina­ the standards of the Boy Scouts of America By and large the President's message was tions against blacks by state and local gov­ as established by the National Office in New an "institutional" message rather than a ernments. If it becomes impossible to distin­ Brunswick, New Jersey. "humanitarian" message. His major concern guish federal funds from state funds after Troop 263 is sponsored by the Knights of was to make the systems work better. For the two are mixed, the injunction that the Columbus, Riverside Council No. 26 in Wind­ many citizens, this would only mean a more President proposes against discriminatory sor Locks, Connecticut. The Troop is open to efficient administration of present injustices use of federal funds will become applicable boys of any race, creed, or color. The Troop and inequities. to all the money that a state spends. Committee consists of 14 registered adults It is certainly true that efforts toward effi­ But that is shadowy stuff against the grim who solidly endorse and actively support the ciency as well as toward "power to the peo­ realities and deepening gloom in the ghettos. Troop program. Direct leadership is provided ple," whatever that means, are worth pur­ The usual pressures are compounded by two . by the Scoutmaster and five Assistant Scout­ suing, and they no doubt will help to im­ evils that eat at the social structures, unem­ masters. Thirty-two boys are currently active prove the general lot of most Americans. In ployment and drugs. The victims feel they in the Troop, ranging from 11 to 17 years of themselves, however, the President's propos­ are victims of a crisis that is not evoking age and repre:senting all ranks from Tender­ als are pale substitutes for the moral and enough concern from the President. foot to Eagle Scout. The boys are organized humanitarian leadership the President of all The black theater was calculated to make into four groups or Patrols with a boy leader, the people is expected to exert. This is the this point, and this is a technique the young­ the Patrol Leader, at the head of each patrol. pointed reminder Of the 12 black congress­ er black legislators know well. Rep. William A Senior Patrol Leader and his Assistant men whose frustrations and bitterness stem Clay (D.-Mo.), who conceived the boycott, complete the boy leadership in the Troop. not only from their inability to get on the won his political start by staging a sit-in It is to the Senior Patrol Leader that the boys White House grounds, but from their first­ at a bank. Rep. Ronald Dellums (D-Calif.) look for their most direct leadership. The boy hand witness of the President's unhelpful has the showmanship of a Billy Sunday. leaders have been trained to run the Troop, actions in other areas, including voting These men, less reserved than the others, receiving this leadership training locally as rights, legal aid, health, education, and man­ may set the pace for the new black bloc. well as at the Charter Oak Council Courses power programs. They are far from foolish in the instincts. at Lake of Isles Scout Reservation in North Given the intensity of their feelings, it All but a few of the black lawmakers backed Stonington, Conn. In addition, the Assistant would appear that at the very time the Presi­ the successful race of Rep. Hale Boggs (D.­ Senior Patrol Leader attended a Junior dent is trying to position his administration La.) for majority leader. Afterward a white Leader Training Course at the SCHIFF Na­ in a favorable stance with respect to Con­ liberal came up to Rep. Shirley Chisholm tional Scout Reservation in New Jersey last gress, he will have to contend with an aggres- (D.-N.Y.) and said, "How do you feel, Aunt year. February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3355

How does Troop 263 strive to attain the THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF MAN­ good rather than greed, to service rather than Scouting ideals? CHESTER KIWANIS CLUB selfishness. Character-Each boy in the Troop is ex­ To Browne, such a notion was arrant non­ pected to take the Scout Oath and Law as sense, and he resisted manfully. Cried down, his own and to make every effort to live up he settled for $17,500 for his rights of owner­ to these ideals. He continues to build his HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN ship, pocketed the members' personal checks character in meeting the challenges put be­ OF NEW HAMPSHIRE for that amount and thereby relinquished all fore him in reaching his advancement goals. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES control. The victorious delegates promptly The boy learns to do his share in the Patrol, wrote a new Kiwanis con$titution pledged to get along with others and to accept re­ Thursday, February 18, 1971 to giving "primacy to the human and spiri­ sponsibility. The following is an example of tual rather than to the material values of character development: "A Scouting family Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, the Ki­ wanis International is a federation of life." As a. symbol of this pledge, they made lost their mother recently. The Troop ex­ the club slogan "We Build." Today, a half­ pressed its sympathy and each prayed for some 5,600 local clubs throughout the century later, Kiwanis International 1s her in his own way. One boy, however, did world dedicated to serving the needs of spread around the globe. 275,000 members in not think this was enough so he arranged to their respective communities. The at­ 5600 clubs in 29 countries, each member help the family by visiting them once per titude with which problems-both large charged with being a VIP-Kiwanis parlance week to talk with them and bring them some and small-are met is summed up in the for a. "ve'fy involved person." form of dessert baked by the mothers of Kiwanis motto: "We Build." The activ­ Optimistic by nature, Kiwanians believe other boys in the Troop. This young man re­ that this is a. good world, but it can be made ceived a tremendous satisfaction from help­ ities vary from scholarship programs, to hospital additions, to assisting the el­ better by voluntary action. Thus, facing a ing this family adapt to their new way of need, they spend little time decrying it or life and vividly demonstrated the character derly. But the end result is the same on calling for government action. They simply development encouraged by Scouting. This community enrichment. ask, "What can we do about it?" And then young man is now an Eagle Scout, the high­ Founded 50 years ago this month, the they do it. est award a Scout can earn." Machester, N.H., Kiwanis Club has more For example, at one of the weekly Kiwanis Citizenship--The boys in the Troop have than lived up to the expectations of its luncheons in Phoenix, Ariz., three years ago, participated in numerous citizenship events founders. New Hampshire's "Queen City' Juvenile Judge Jack D. H. Hays told of the through their community service projects tragic lack of effective correctional facilities and shows. For example, the Scouts have has benefited greatly from this outstand· ing service organization. It was Kiwani­ for youths. Convicted of minor crimes, young­ helped at the pools on election days, have sters were either being sent to tough prisons helped community churches with cleanup ans who were responsible for building among hardened criminals or being released and renovation and have helped the elder­ the "Kiwanis Auditorium" at the Man­ in parents' custody with only a reprimand. ly and disadvantaged in the community. They chester Girls Club. In addition, the Boy Either measure, said the judge, only encour­ have vis.ited with the elderly, provided flowers Scouts, the YMCA, the New Hampshire aged more crime. Needed was a special dis­ to the elderly, contributed to food baskets for the needy at Easter and helped to teach Industrial School, and the Salvation ciplinary facility where erring youths could be given a correctional jolt without taking the mentally retarded. As an emergency com­ Army are but a few of the activities munity service, the Scouts in the Troop which have received financial assistance them out of school or tota-lly away from fam­ cleared snow from fire hydrants in the South­ from the local club. The Manchester Ki­ ily. The trouble was: Maricopa County had west area of the town after the hydrants had wanis Club is known for much more than no funds for such a project. been completely buried by a series of snow­ Phoenix Kiwanians scooped up the gaunt­ this, however. Its members are noted for let, enlisting nearby clubs to help. Result: storms. For a.n Eagle service project, one of their plain, old-fa~hioned neighborliness the boys led the Troop in collecting, packag­ a fine new $60,000 detention center where the ing and forwarding foods to town servicemen that offers a helping hand when and erring young spend after-school evenings and serving in South Vietnam at Christmas. An­ where needed. weekends, subject to skilled counseling plus other Eagle service project involved a. reno­ This year the Manchester club has work assignments related to the problems vation of the town Civil Defense Headquar­ singled out two areas for community that got them in trouble in the first place. ters. improvement. "Operation Drug Alert" For example, reckless drivers do hospital work At present the Troop has four Eagle Scouts, has been mounted to stem the increas­ with traffic-accident victims, and vandals each showing promise of responsible civic make improvements in local parks and play­ ing misuse and abuse of drugs, and the grounds. The unique institution has at­ leadership. The first, Richard Dakin, is now club is also emphasizing the quality of in his third year at West Point Military tracted nationwide notice. Academy. The second, Dennis Gragnolati, is the environment in an effort to protect Of paramount interest to Kiwa.nians is the a Junior at Farmington College in Maine, a.n New Hampshire's abundant natural encouragement of responsible citizenship-­ education major, and a nominee for "Who's beauty by curbing pollution and improv­ in themselves and others. Mindful that good Who". The third, Paul Olszewski, is a high ing methods of waste disposal. government begins on the local level, more school senior, largely responsible for the de­ Kiwanis offers a community answer than 96,000 Kiwanians in the United States velopment of a youth center in town. The to the all too prevalent attitude of "let and Canada. serve without pay on govern­ fourth, James Parry, is also a high school George do it." Thank goodness we have mental boards of their own communities. senior with an active interest in sports. Jim Kiwa.nians also believe that good citizen­ was an active member of the state cham­ a "George" in the Kiwanis International ship requires quick response to human needs. pionship soccer team and is currently presi­ who strives to build. Commanding many clubs' attention now is dent of the high school ski club. He plans In light of the 50th anniversary of the the plight of elderly people caught in the to attend college to prepare for a. career in Manchaster Kiwanis Club, I believe the squeeze between meager pensions and con­ forestry and ecology. following Reader's Digest article on the stantly rising living costs. To meet this need, Physical Fitness-Physical fitness is a. nat­ Kiwanis International is of interest: Kiwanians in Sandusky Bay, Ohio, set up ural outgrowth of the program provided by Sandusky Bay Senior Citizens, Inc., a non­ THEm MOTTO Is "WE BUILD" the Troop. This program provides rigorous profit corporation, in 1966. This done, they outdoor camping, hiking, backpacking, (By Olarence W. Hall) obtained a long-term federal loan of $2,075,- mountain climbing, skiing and whitewater One scorching day in 1919, a sharp-eyed 000 and erected a ten-story building includ­ canoe trips. More than 10 nights of camping promoter named Allen S. Browne sat in an ing 153 living units, plus an activities center are provided annually along with numerous angry meeting and watched the features of for the entire community. Similar projects hikes and other special events. Some of the his brainchild being 81ltered beyond recog­ have been pushed by Kiwanis clubs in such camping highlights are related in the at­ nition. Four years beflore, in Detroit, Browne places as Hamilton, Ontario; Charlotte, tached Troop newspaper. In addition, the had put together a men's luncheon club Mich.; and Tiffin and Dayton, Ohio. boys in the Troop often backpack on the called "Kiwanis," an Indian word zneaning Crippled children have always moved the Appalachian Trail in Connecticut and Ver­ "To make oneself known." Dedicated to fra­ Kiwanis heart. One of the most ambitious mont. Many attended the week long wilder­ ternal jollity and mutual profit gained from efforts is a foundation established in 1951 by ness canoe trip in which the Troop canoed members' favoring each other's interest-s, the Kiwanis' Tilinois-Ea.stern Iowa. District to the 97 miles of the Allagash Wilderness rapidly ·expanding club had paid its founder underwrite research aimed a.t uncovering the Waterway in Northern Maine, then climbed well: he owned it lock, stock and barrel. hereditary causes of spastic paralysis. Orig­ to the 5,267 foot summit of Mt. Katahdin, But now, in this convention at Birming­ inally backed by Kiwanis pledges of $190,- Maine, the northern terminus of the Appa­ ham, Ala., delegates representing 138 clubs 000, and now maintained by annual dona­ lachian trail. were in open revolt, deme.nd radical tions, the foundation works with Oh1cago's This then, is an indication of the way in change in the Kiwanis character. With com­ Children's Memorial Hospital and the Uni­ which one Troop reaches for the ideals of munity and national problems demanding versity of Tilinois College of Medicine in de­ Scouting, as established by the Boy Scouts attention everywhere, they reasoned, the veloping techniques to prevent spasticity. of America, sixty one years ago. "you-scratch-my-back- and - I'll - scratch - Not all Kiwanis projects relate to sizable Yours very truly, yours" motive for association had become groups. Consider the case of Mary Tomlin. a LERoy R. CU'B.aY. repugnant. The club should devote itself to housewife in Rockma.rt, Ga.., who suffered 3356 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971 third-degree burns over a large part of her they had cultivated, weeded and trimmed He has now "saved the face" of Gov­ body when a bottle of solvent exploded. Al­ flowering trees along a main boulevard; ernor Reagan. He has now greatly dis­ though her life was saved, her recovery de­ pain t ed and landscaped welcome-to-the-city illusioned the poor of California in their pended upon months of intensive care and sign s; repainted 270 bus-stop benches; many costly skin grafts. The family savings cleaned, waxed and polished 42 city police recently encouraged belief that redress account was soon exhausted by hospital bills cars; dug trenches for water lines and of grievances can be found within the running to $1700 a week. Rockmart Kiwan­ planted 800 shrubs in Golden Park; refin­ system. ians organized the "Mary Tomlin Fund," em­ ished 75 city trash receptacles. It was good of the Governor to an­ ployed such fund-raising schemes as band Circle K now has 850 clubs on as many nounce to the California Republican concerts, rummage sales, paper drives and college and university campuses, with a total State Convention the long awaited deci­ community barbecues. By late September membership of 15,000. 1t is described as "a sion of the President to uphold his veto 1968, total proceeds reached $11,000-with new t ype of fraternity for college men, de­ Mary Tomlin recovering and every bill paid. vot ed strictly to service to school and com­ of CRLA. It was understandable that he Of all Kiwanis concerns, none has been munity." coupled that "good news" with his first stressed by more clubs than work with At the University. of Pennsylvania, for ex­ public announcement of support of Pres­ youngsters. Nine years ago, for example, Ki­ ample, Circle K men have rounded up a ident Nixon in 1972. wanian Clifford Rothrock, a school admin­ small army of students to work with under­ The rural poor of California who did istrator in Anaheim, Calif., took the prob­ privileged and homeless boys. Several others not share in the enthusiasm with which lem of troublemaking students-many of were set to tutoring prospective civil-service the Republican delegates received that them underachievers, most of them potential employes desiring to enter government work but unable to meet the qualifications. information might be further cautioned dropouts--to his club. "I know these boys," that being "uppity" is not reward by he said. "In their defiance of teachers and Whatever t he need or issue, the Kiwanis police they are simply grandstanding, trying way for a half-century has been to meet it politicians. to get recognition that their grades can't head-on, with person-to-person directness, give them." without bureaucratic fussiness or political Heads together, Rothrock and his Kiwan­ entanglement. Today more than ever, such ian colleagues came up with a program volunteer service is as invaluable as it is ir­ POLLUTION; WHAT YOU CAN DO called "Service Gents." Recruiting the trou­ replaceable. blemakers was difficult at first, but a num­ ber finally responded. Their first project was HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON to design and build a recreational area for PRESIDENT NIXON EARNS THE OF CALIFORNIA their school. Once started, the Gents grad­ SUPPORT OF GOVERNOR REAGAN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ually grew enthusiastic, doing all the sod­ FOR 1972 ding, seeding and cement-laying themselves. Thursday, February 18, 1971 From there, the Gents dreamed up their own projects: ushering at school plays, paint­ HON. JEROME R. WALDIE Mr. ANDERSON of 0alifornia. Mr. ing litter containers, planting trees and OF CALIFORNIA Speaker, of the volume of mail reaching my office from concerned citizens in my shrubs on school grounds, repairing school IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES property, cutting lawns for the elderly, paint­ district, there is no subject which ex­ ing houses for the infirm. Their Kiwanis Friday, February 19, 1971 ceeds that related to the problem of pol­ sponsors counseled them on personal and Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, the rural lution and the preservation of our en­ home problems, tutored !them in their stud­ poor of California, caught between two vironment. Typical comments are: "al­ ies, invited them into their homes. The most every day our eyes smart from Gents program proved so successful that it gigantically powerful, and opposing was adopted on nine campuses of the sprawl­ politicians, the Governor of California smog;" our ears throb from noise about ing Anaheim Union High School District. It and the President of the United States, us;" "we are assailed by rubbish;" "our has contributed significantly to the district's lost an important struggle for their fu­ waters are dirty, aquatic life is disap­ lower dropout rate, which averages ten per­ ture when one of those powerful con­ pearing." It is apparent that people are cent-well below the national average of 24 tenders, the President, bowed to the po­ "fed-up" with the situation and want to percent. Moreover, since its founding in 1960, litical threats to his 1972 reelection see corrective action. many of the Gents have gone on to college It is very gratifying to receive many or into responsible careers. chances posed by the other, the Governor of California. inquiries from constituents who ask: Seeking to motivate high-school students "What part can I play in the fight toward academic excellence and fq.ture lead­ The failure of the President to over­ ership, the Kiwanis club at Quincy, TIL, ride the politically motivated veto of the against pollution?" I believe the great in 1959 formed the "Society for Academic Governor of the federally funded Cali­ m ajority of citizens do wish to become Achievement,'' designed to be the high-school fornia rural legal assistance program involved in working for a better en­ equivalent of Phi Beta Kappa. The society was a clear signal to the poor of Califor­ vironment. has since spread to 12 states, involving more nia that they have become "too uppity" I submit for the RECORD a very timely than 9000 students and 600 faculty members. article from the February 18, 1971, issue Ma' y other clubs have established college in their successful legal attacks on the Reagan administration and its powerful of The Christian Science Monitor en­ scholarships--more than 18,000 of them in a titled "Pollution, What You Can Do." single recent year. And when the Kiwanian supporters. principal of a high school in Pittsburgh, Pa., CRLA is anathema to the Governor The essay outlines many ways in pointed out that "there are many young and his financially powerful political which the citizen who is concerned with people whose inclinations and qualifications supporters, the agricultural interests the quality of the environment can bet­ indicate a need :or education othe- than col­ who have long exploited the rural poor. ter define his role and participate in the lege," his Kiwanis colleagues in 1964 set up That "exploitation" had been lessened antipollution effort. a loan program to give scholarships at tech­ POLLUTION-WHAT You CAN Do nical training institutes. The result, accord­ by a series of successful legal actions ing to one prominent educator, was that against the Governor and his powerful (By Peter C. Stuart) "scores of young people have been turned grower aUies. WASHINGTON .-By day, Dr. Ellis L. Yochel­ from a bleak future as manual laborers to­ The Governor quickly responded to the son pokes through paleontology collections ward lucrative and satisfying careers as cries of anguish from those grower de­ in the silent depths of the Smithsonian In­ skilled industrial technicians." fendants who the courts found had been st itution. His specialty; fossilized snails. Out of its preoccupation with the young But evenings and weekends, on lbhe ros­ sprang Kiwanis' two lively youth organiza­ unfairly treating the powerless rural t rums and doorsteps of the suburban com­ tions: Key Club International, for high­ fieldworker. The instrument causing munity where he liv~s. he is making en­ school students, and Circle K International, their anguish was the effective legal rep­ vironment al history. a college men's organization. Through them resentation given the heretofore voice­ His town, Bowie, Md., is believed to be the Kiwanis is raising a whole new generation less poor by the CRLA. first in the country to ban the sale of soft of the concerned. The President's concern, of and ex­ drinks and beer in non-returnable contain­ Key Club today has 92,000 members in pressed, that the poor and alienated in ers. And Dr. Yochelson, more than anyone 3500 clubs across the United States, Canada our society should not take to the streets, else, is responsible. and t he Bahamas. A sample project: In 1965, "It was one thing that we could do,'' he Key Clubbers at the Earl Warren High School but should utilize the system to redress says simply. in Downey, Calif., expanded a school project their grievances, fell before his greater Until about a year ago, the soft-spoken into a beaut ification campaign aimed at concern with the political threat to this scientist was no more concerned about en­ making Downey "the most attractive com­ administration that the conservative vironmental protection than millions of his munity in California." After 4200 man-hours, idol, Governor Reagan, presents. fellow American commuters. February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3357

Then came Earth Day, and he was asked Cleaning air can't solve the whole [environmental] prob­ t'O speak to a group of students in a 12th­ Burn low- or no-lead gasoline in car. Keep lem," advised Dr. Yochelson. "So you break grade "Problems of Democracy" course at car engine tuned and antipollution device it into components, then take the smallest Bowie Senior High School. Choosing a sub­ working. If you need a car, consider trading possible component and work on that." ject came easily. for a smaller one {four- or six-cylinder en­ Inject yourself into public decisions af­ "NATURAL INTEREST" HELPS gine) . Travel on mass transit, if available. fecting the environment. Local public hear­ "I have a natural interest in solid waste," Organize a car pool. Ride a bicycle, jog, or ings and city council meetings are rarely at­ tended except by persons having a private or he explained, with a paleontologist's fascina­ walk. corporate interest in the pending decision. tion for life's leftovers. "An aluminum can is Use fireplaces sparingly. going to stay around as long as a billion Show up and speak out. At the state and Miscellaneous national level, write your state legislators, years. A glass bottle, for all practical pur­ Eliminate unnecessary electrical appli­ poses, forever." congressmen, and the President. ances. Generating electricity can pollute both Make environmental protection an elec­ He talked to the students--classmates of air and water. his own son-about the need for recycling tion issue. Officeholders who make environ­ Shun a powerboat for· a canoe or sailboat. mental policy must stand for reelection. containers. Operate radio, television, phonograph at "It's one thing to talk about a problem, Study their records. For congressmen, the respectfully low volume. Check car muffler League of Conservation Voters in Washing­ but quite another to do something about it," and consider soundproofing garage. Exchange ton publishes charts plotting the environ­ he said, fixing the visitor with dark, gentle power lawn mower for manual model. Noise, eyes in a face framed by great clumps of mental voting record of each member. too, pollutes. Then campaign actively. It works. In the black-gray-white beard. Don't buy animal fur or leather. last congressional elections, Environmental What Dr. Yochelson and schoolteacher Thoughtfully plan family size. Action targeted for defeat a "dirty dozen" friend Don Murphy "did about it" was to A conscientious citizen who practices congressmen with poor environmental rec­ mobilize students to poll the community on some-<>r even all--of these suggestions will ords. Seven lost, and an eighth fell within the idea of banning one-way beverage con- achieve a warm heart and a clear conscience. one percentage point of losing. tainers ... collect 1,400 signatures on peti- But the pity of it is, for all his good inten­ Report polluters to the authorities. Most tions ... distribute leaflets door to door ... tions, he will achieve a negligible impact on pollution is outlawed by laws already on the enlist support from interested groups such the environmental ills of his country. books but rarely enforced. If you suspect as the Parent-Teachers Association . . . and Even in the unlikely event that every in­ pollution, check the law (local, state, or buttonhole each city councilman before the dividual American did so, the United States federal). If the law is being violated, notify vote. would still be left with serious ecological the government. Be willing to lodge an CITY ORDINANCE RESULTS problems. official complaint, if necessary. The result: a city ordinance prohibiting Why? Because the nation's environmental the sale of no-deposit, no-return containers troubles (with the possible exception of the REFUSE ACT REDISCOVERED for soft drinks and beer in this city of 45,000 litter problem and over-popula-tion) are not One of the most useful antipollution tools beginning April 1, under penalty of $100 a produced by the life-style.;; of individuals­ is the newly rediscovered Refuse Act of day. and cannot be solved by changing life-styles. 1899, which bans most dumping into na.vd­ Since then, a handful of communities have "These things are good for a psychological gable waters without a permit from the Army followed. Scores of cities and several states reason-people think they really can do Corps of Engineers. It specifically encour­ (including Maryland) are considering doing something. And for a philosophical reason­ ages citizen complaints, even entitling in­ so. And Congress has been asked by Rep. if everyone did them, it could have some formants to one-half of any resulting fine Joseph P. Vigorito (D) of Pennsylvania to effect," said Ed Chaney, information director set by a court. impose a nationwide ban. of the National Wildlife Federation, one of Do-it-yourself kits on this law can be ob­ What sets Bowie's Dr. Yochelson apart the liveliest of the conservation "establish­ tained from the conservation and natural from millions of other Americans interested ment." resources subcommittee of the House of in the quality of their natural environment? "But these things can be bad if they lead Representatives' Committee on Government Simply this: He wasn't content with a people to think this is all they need to do Operations (Rayburn House Office Building, private environmental gesture. He didn't to clean up the environment. It just won't Washington, D.C. 20515) or Rep. Edward I. merely avoid littering his own nonreturn­ happen, because it's not that simple," he Koch (D) of New York (Longworth House able bottles and cans, or refuse to buy them declared. Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515) . for his own household. Support for such citizen watchdogging His explanation: The public lacks "envi­ comes directly from the nation's new anti­ There are plenty of such symbolic contri­ ronmentally sane alternatives." Many indi­ butions available for a concerned individual: viduals, for example, simply don't have the pollution chief, William D. Ruckelshaus, ad­ ministrator of the EnVironmental Protec­ Cutting waste choice of traveling by mass transit instead tion Agency: "I am heartily in favor of re­ Select products wrapped in minimum of driving a car, because there isn't any mass transit for them. Neither can they buy a sponsible citizen court actions against pol­ packaging. luters-of citizen pressure against govern­ Particularly avoid packaging or disposable pollution-free car, because the auto industry manufactures none. ment at every level, including the federal containers of plastic, metal, or wax that are government and my own agency." non biodegradable (don't break down in The lion's share of electric power is gen­ Pressure corporations to heed environ­ erated for industry, and some 60 percent of water or the natural environment). mental dangers. If you're a stockholder in a Substitute cloth for paper in toweling, water pollution is produced by industry­ polluting industry, raise the issue at the an­ corporate giants over which the individual napkins, handkerchiefs, diapers. nual meeting. If an officer, spearhead correc­ citizen has little control. Buy milk in returnable glass bottles. tive action from within. If an employee, try Carry reusable shopping bags, and reject IMPORTANT ROLE REMAINS to persuade your employees' association or brown paper bags and wrappings. There remains, however, an important role labor union to bargain for reform (as the Save newspapers and deposit them with for the concerned individual: social action. United Automobile Workers has begun to commercial dealers, paper mills, or recycling Environmentalists increasingly recognize it do). If a customer, organize a boycott of the centers. as the course of the future-and their bright­ firm's products--and tell the firm why. Share magazine subscriptions with friends. est hope. Participate in responsible, legal, peaceful Install and use a litter bag in the car. "We call it Phase 2:' explained Sam Love, demonstrations, boycotts, or other mass ac­ a leader of brash Environmental Action, Inc., tions against environmental apathy. Some­ CLeaning and saving water the yout h-run group that got its start by times such tactics serve as the most effective Buy no color-dyed tissue. coordinating Earth Day last April. way to dramatize a situation needing correc­ Clean laundry, dishes, and kitchen with "It's a step beyond individual actions. It's tion. That's precisely what Earth Day accom­ low- or no-phosphate detergents, or soap people working in groups to develop social plished. products. solutions to what are basically social prob­ COLORADANS ORGANIZED Avoid using DDT and other pesticides, lems." The strongest case to be made for individ­ herbicides, and insecticides. Try a fly swatter Here are some ways a citizen can partici­ ual social action is simply that it gets re­ or flypaper, and pull garden weeds by hand. pate: sults: Convert to organic gardening. Compost Join an active environmental group. Or Two housewives, Mrs. Janet Adams and garbage, leaves, grass cuttings. form one yourself. The polluters and de­ Mrs. Claire Dedrich, formed a group called Sprinkle sand, instead of salt, on icy side­ spoilers are organized-you should be, too. Conservation Coordinators which last year walks and driveways. If you have a special skill (law, sanitary en­ rescued the tidelands of San Francisco Bay Don't over-water lawn or garden. Take gineering, public speaking), put it to work from commercial development. briefer showers. for your group. A chemistry professor in Denver, Dr. Ruth Adjust float valve in tank of bathroom Generalized environmental organizations Weiner, organized the Colorado Citizens for commode, or pile bricks inside to reduce are fine, but sometimes groups focusing on a Clean Air which last year helped rewrite flushed water. single issue can better target their fire. "You tougher state air-pollution standards. 3358 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971 A woman in LoU1svllle, Ky., Mrs. John had not found full-time work in their field pollution whatever is the promise of con­ Greenbaum, persuaded television station two years after graduation. trolled hydrogen fusion, which is thought to WHAS-TV to donate a five-minute spot twice Research projects once welcomed by uni­ be some thirty years off. But need it be? a week so she could discuss environmental versity presidents for the lush finances they Likewise off in the distance are such other issues. attracted to their institutions are so thinned great potentials as oil from shale and geo­ Dorothy Buell formed the Save the Dunes out by now that the president of the National thermal power. Council and kept it going until the federal Academy of Sciences talks grimly of the The importance of all these sources lies in government allocated parkland funds for whole national research structure approach­ the fact that electricity itself is totally clean many of the sand dunes along Indiana's Lake ing a "shambles." Government money, long and nonpolluting. Let it at last be cleanly Michigan shoreline, preserving them from since become the secret ingredient of scien­ produced and cleanliness will follow in space­ industrial development. tific progress, has in some cases shrunk in heating, in industry, in transportation, in Dr. Yochelson doesn't march alone. absolute terms and in others failed sadly to everything. The world will be so sanitized ORGANIZATIONS TO CONTACT keep up with inflated costs. And among stu­ that we might almost miss the dirt. dents themselves the linking of research with On all these fronts-not to mention fields Common Cause, 2100 M St. N.W., Wash­ defense, of progress with pollution, has so ington, D.C. 20037. like biology, medicine and oceanography, discredited science that it has a hard time which not even the most romantic rebel de­ Environmental Action, Inc., 1346 Connecti­ competing with Taro cards and enlighten­ cut Ave. N.W., Room 731, Washington, D.C. plores-there is such great good to be done ment by way of the Zodiac. that funds, far from being begrudged, should 20036. In this age of radical romanticism a cer­ Friends of the Earth, 30 E. 42nd St., New be poured out as though our lives depended tain denigration of science is probably in­ on it. They do. York, N.Y.10017. evitable. An electronic rock musician rates Izaa.k Walton League of America 1326 Wau­ ahead of a physicist, rationalism is equated kegan Road, Glenview, Til. 60025. with insensitivity and science is blamed for National Audubon Society, 1130 Fifth Ave., all the sour products of materialism, instead New York, N.Y. 10028. of materialism being blamed for the misuses ALASKAN NATIVE CONCERNS-II National WlldMfe Federation, 1412 16th of science. Yet to all who want to right the St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036. wrongs supposedly fostered by science, par­ Sierra Club, 1050 Mills Tower, San Fran­ ticularly to those who want to clean the air, HON. LES ASPIN cisco, Calif. 94104. water and earth of this planet, it should be OF WISCONSIN The Wilderness Society, 729 15th St., N.W., plain that there has never been greater need IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Washington, D.C. 20005. of the scientist, the engineer and the tech­ BOOKS TO READ nician or less sense in their being unem­ Thursday, February 18, 1971 Conservation Directory 1970. National ployed for so much as an hour. Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I Wildlife Federation, $1.50. We need them, to start with a modest ex­ included in the RECORD a statement I Earth Tool Kit, compiled by Environmental ample, to develop efficient machinery for re­ Actdon, Inc., Pocket Books (scheduled for cycling waste. Here would be a triple boon to made before the trans-Alaska pipeline release in AprU). society: It would dispose cleanly of the rub­ hearings, along with excerpts from some Ecotactics, edited by John G. Mitchell. bish that threatens to bury whole popula­ Interior Department memos and letters. Pocket Books, $.95. tions alive, it would yield materials better Much of the material in these documents Environmental Handbook, edited by Gru-­ than many ores now being mined to the contradicted the conclusion of the In­ rett de Bell. Ballantine, $.95. detriment of the earth above them, and it terior Department's draft environmental Environmental Quality: First annual re­ would preserve those same resources against impact statement that: port of the Council on Environmental Qual­ the day when they might be desperately in ity, U.S. Government Printing Office, $1.75. demand. The proposed pipeline system would not User's Guide to the Protection of the En­ We need scientists, engineers and techni­ result in any significant adverse environ­ vironment, by Paul Swatek. Ballantine, $1.25. cians to develop fuels that can generate more mental effects that can be related to past or Voter's Guide to Environmental Politics, electric power without fouling earth, sea and future cultural features of most Alaskans. edited by Garrett de Bell. Ballantine, $1.25. sky in the process. But why more electric power? Indeed, why not cut back on power On Wednesday, Chief Richard Frank Your Right to Clean Air: A Manual for of the Native village of Minto, Alaska-­ Citizen Action, the Conservation Found81tion, and return to a simpler, less demanding, way 1717 Massachusetts Ave. NW., Washington, of life? If only waffle irons and electric tooth­ population 160-testified at the trans­ D.C. 20036. Free. brushes were at stake, the argument would Alaska pipeline hearings. Chief Frank's be unanswerable. statement is an interesting one and an But the fact is, we need more power to important one. He talks in fascinating do the very recycling of waste that is so de­ detail of his village's way of life, of how sirable. We need it to operate the vastly ex­ the pipeline could affect and possibly de­ A WORD FOR SCIENCE panded sewage treatment plants that a grow­ ing population demands. We need it for that stroy that way of life, and of the al­ HON. GEORGE P. MILLER immeasurably developed system of mass most disastrous effects that the Alaska transportation that our metropolitan areas gold mining of the 1930's had on his vil­ OF CALIFORNIA must have if the automobile is not to make lage. Chief Frank's statement offers a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the human lung outmoded. We need it for rare opportunity for us, as Congressmen, Friday, February 19, 1971 the herculean clean-up of the nation's lakes to obtain a very real and honest insight and rivers. And, not least, we need it if all into how a policy of the Federal Govern­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ who are just emerging from dire poverty are ment could affect in a most direct way er, on February 15, 1971 the New York to enjoy a standard of living we have so the activity of human beings-their cul­ Times carried what I believe to be a very come to take for granted that many now hold it in scorn (or pretend to). Those who have ture, their economy, their very way of timely and perceptive article dealing with life. modern needs for technology entitled "A yet to enjoy it understandably prefer not to knock it till they've tried it. While Chief Frank was in Washington Word for Science." The article was writ­ To achieve these ends-and we are con­ I had the opportunity to meet and talk ten by Robert Bendiner and points up cerned here with keeping the planet liv­ with him on several occasions. I think by the fact that regardless of any damages able-we are going to require sources of reading his testimony-which is included which have resulted from man's applica­ power that do not themselves add to the below-you will see that he is a gentle, tion of technology, the cures for our en­ world's pollution. And here is opportunity articulate man, totally dedicated to the for all the technique we can muster. vironmental and social ills will not be welfare and concerns of his people. It is found without new scientific assistance. European cities, particularly Vienna, have a privilege for me to call Chief Frank The text of the article follows: made considerable progress in producing electricity as well 818 heat from solid waste. my friend, and I sincerely urge you to A WORLD FOR SCIENCE We are still not sure about picking the stuff read his statement. (By Robert Bendiner) up. Coal is the greatest power source we have, After Chief Frank's statement I have Until recently rich and r~vered as the great but it is dangerously dirty. Ultimately it included the statement of David Wolf, American faith, science has fallen on lean will be converted to clean efficient gas­ an Alaska legal services attorney who is and hungry days. Some 50,000 assorted sci­ but when? Nuclear fuel promises equally representing five native villages in entists and engineers are now walking the clean and even cheaper power, but atomic streets, driving taxis or running gas stations. plants are still in the Model-T stage. If time, Alaska, including Chief Frank's village Where industry recruiters once stood in line talent and money were concentrated on the of Minto. I think Mr. Wolf's statement to snag fledgling physicists before they could breeder reactor, the results could be enor­ offers some real insight into native con­ even shed their commencement robes, nearly mously rewarding. cerns from the perspective of an Alaskan half the 1967 crop of Ph.D's in physics still So it goes. U~> limited cheap fuel with no attorney who has worked closely with his February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3359 native clients for over 2 years, and who this year. We'll trap it one year and move to The pipeline will cross six rivers and genuinely shares their concerns and fears B area the next year and not trap in A area streams that feed their water into the Minto about the proposed pipeline. I urge you to so these animals can grow back up in A area Flats. The six streams and rivers are the also read his statement with care. while you're trapping in B area. Also we set Tovanna River, the Tatalina River, the Globe traps in a way that we can get the larger Creek, Washington Creek, the Chatouika and The items follow: beaver and let the smaller ones grow up. I've the Gold Stream. These are the six rivers and STATEMENT OF CHIEF RICHARD FRANK explained that we put these sets out far from streams that feed their waters into Minto My name is Richard Frank, born in 1923 the beaver areas where the larger beavers Flats. and raised at Minto, Alaska. I am married and will go further from his beaver house than If we have a break, if there's a break in the have four children, married in the year 1955. the smaller ones will go. Like this we wlll get pipeline, it will not only pollute the water I have been the past Chief of Minto and the larger beaver and leave the small ones and the lakes and the Minto Flats area, it presently am the Vice President of Minto, for the next year. We would say that in going will kill off the waterfowls and the beaver and which we say is the "Second Chief." I've got at these methods, we are preserving the ani­ what animals are existing in the area now. all my education at Minto. mals and in comparison we're putting money Therefore, our main livelihood of food will Chief Peter John, who is presently the in the bank. This 1s what we do when we not exist any more. Chief of Minto, was originally supposed to trap in A area this year and then in B area In Canada the Canadian Government not appear at this hearing. Chief Peter John is the next year, this is where we're something only requires the oil companies to put up a 71 years old and he has a heart condition. like putting money in the bank for next year. bond to protect the Indians, they also require He really wanted to make the trip, but he And also we don't try to get the little ones. that there be an Indian inspector on oil jobs. asked the Board of Directors to send a sub­ Again this is like saving money in the bank This Indian is chosen by the Indians and he stitute and an alternate, which was myself, for the next year. can close down the job if the oil companies and the Board of Directors of Minto approved In the 1930s the mining interests moved start hurting the land. the trip. He dictated a letter which was With dredges, such as the gold dredges, that There should be Indian inspectors on the written by his daughter, and V:e•re going to dug up streams for gold in the headwaters of pipeline to make sure it is done right. submit it as the written statement for the Minto Flats. After the gold industry moved The Federal government has required the hearing. into Alaska and started digging up a large oil companies to pay the government in case The people of MintO, Alaska, consist most­ amount of land to dig for gold and began to the pipeline breaks but this only protects ly of Alaskan Indians in the Tribe of Atha­ move in these great big dredges that did the the government, not the people who live on baskan Indians. The population of Minto is digging with deep dredges, they sluiced the the land. If the pipeline is built, we want 161. We have lived there for many, many land. By sluicing the land, they had high the oil company to pay us if it breaks and years, we can say since time immemorial. pressure water that washed away the soil k1lls the animals and fish that we need to Minto, Alaska, is approximately 60 miles and let topsoil run down the streams and live. We want this for all the people in northwest of Fairbanks, about 20 minutes creeks and rivers. One particular creek, which Alaska; we do not want this bond written by flight by small airplane. It is situated on the is the Gold Stream, was being worked near government bureaucrats, with a lot of loop­ Minto Flats, which consists of lakes and Fairbanks, I would say about ten miles north holes, legal loopholes; we want it in writing streams, the major rivers and streams con­ of Fairbanks, and this stream ran directly in by our lawyers and approved on the local sist of six, run into the Minto Flats, and the middle of the Minto Flats which at that level by our own people. When I say on the the pipeline will cross all of them. There's time was nice, beautiful, green country with local level, I mean all the native villages only two people as of now that has steady plenty of game and fish. After all the silt would have to approve with the oil companies work, jobs at Minto. One is sort of a seasonal came into the Minto Flats, it filled it up with and I don't think they should have the right work. One person is a postmaster and then sand and mud and filth. of writing any kind of agreement with the this other person, the school janitor, which Before the gold mining came in, it was very United States Government. My testimony so would be under the category of a seasonal easy to live off the land. We did not get far as hunting and trapping and fishing is the worker, works only during the school periods anything out of the gold. All it did was make way the majority of native people in the out­ so he's unemployed for three months of the it harder to live off the land. lying areas in the State of Alaska still live year. The rest of the people are unempolyed. You may ask why we want our land since today. The people of Minto depend on the food we are poor? The land is the only thing we The oil companies shouldn't object to this that we hunt and trap and fish. We have own, it 1s our way of life, it is the only thing if they are really interested in building a safe moose and rabbit, ptarmigans, and we have we have to fall back on when nothing else pipeline. the wild berries, blue berries, cranberries, works. Nothing has yet happened on the and what we call high bush berries. These pipeline which makes us believe the pipeline STATEMENT OF DAVID WOLF are the food that we eat and we have fish, in the long run will benefit us. My name is David Wolf. I live in Fairbanks, for a change of diet. We have been fighting to protect our land Alaska. I am an attorney, and am employed Hunger still exists in the United States, for a long time. Eight years ago when I was by Alaska Legal Services Corporation which one of the strongest nations on the earth, the Chief of Minto I appeared at a hearing is a state-wide and non-profit corporation and Alaska comes into this category when it in Fairbanks. The Tanana Valley Sports­ which represents citizens who are too poor comes to hungry children and I have ex­ men's Association was going into the Minto to employ private counsel. I am the super­ perienced some hungry children, in the small Flats with a road for the sole pul"pose of vising attorney for the Fairbanks otfice and community of Minto, Alaska. We have to sports fishing and sports hunting and this with five other lawyers am responsible for hunt moose for food, that is, for meat, a diet road was going directly into the hunting covering all of Alaska north of Anchorage of meat, and to go out and hunt, we have region of the Minto people. except the Bethel area. to prepare for it, and our children know We finally got the opportunity to appear Over a year ago, we were asked by five when we're going out to hunt--they sense and state our purpose of not giving this road interior Athabascan Indian villages to rep­ it--they know we're going to hunt when into the Minto Flats. We thought at that time resent them in their growing concern about they're hungry. To prepare for hunting, we that the infiux of hunters would disrupt the the pipeline. One of these villages is the get up in the morning about 5:00a.m., we're hunting and the way of living that would Village of Minto. The Village of Minto sent on the trail out there in the sticks about aiTect the people of Minto, so we decided to their second chief, Richard Frank, to Wash­ 6:00 on snowshoes looking for fresh moose stop it. The road was not built. In compari­ ington to testify at these hearings. Mr. Frank tracks. We try to get the moose while it's son with today's proposed pipeline, we are is scheduled to testify later today. The other standing, between 6:00 a.m. and 10:00 faced with something a thousand times or four villages are the Villages of Allakaket, o'clock, that is, when it's standing up to many more times serious, something that Bettles, Stevens V111age and Rampart. feed breaking the brush. When they're stand­ would affect our way of living in the sense Because the villages are so poor, it was ing and feeding, they make more noise there­ of hunting, trapping, and fishing. impossible for any members of the other four fore you can creep up on a moose much Recently there was a large earthquake in villages to send anyone to Washington. easier. Between 10:00 and 2:00 in the after­ Los Angeles, California. This earthquake did For this reason, I would invite you, Mr. noon, the moose is lying down and resting a lot of damage, to buildings, roads. These Hearing Examiner, to travel to each of these and then he's more alert therefore you can't buildings and roads and all the damage that four villages so that the residents of these creep up on him. So tradition that we share was done by the earthquake can be rebuilt villages could testify in person about the and share alike. Everybody gets the same by the people in the immediate area. This environmentaa problems-indeed the prob­ amount as your neighbor. This is the way we is their economy, this is their way of living, lems of survival that the proposed pipeline divide the moose, among our people. of rebuilding and of getting paid for it. In will bring to the people in its path. Every year in the months of February and comparison if the pipeline was built, and we The Department of the Interior's Impact March, the beaver season is open. This is a had a spill in the pipeline, it would pollute Statement has ignored the needs of one-fifth fur-bearing animal and the fur can be used the waters and the lakes and therefore it of Alaska's population-the first Alaskans. for selling to the fur buyer for U.S. currency would hurt the animals that live on these This is a rather serious oversight since the or it can be used for fur hats, mittens, lakes and waterways. If you kill off all the Department is supposed to be the trustee jackets, and parkas. The carcass is used for animals, they cannot be rebuilt. The land responsible for looking after the best inter­ human consumption, to eat. We trap these that's been damaged by oil, cannot be rebuilt. ests of the Indian citizens of the United animals in a way that we sort of preserve These are the th1ngs that we fear would be States. The Indians in Alaska do not live on them also. For instance, we take an A area lost forever. reservations-they live on the land their 3360 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971 ancestors used. They have fought in our ities. In Alaska, we have a very conscientious everything within its power" to secure the wars and are an important part of the Na­ and diligent Fish and Game Department. employment of those it trains. Why the as­ tional Guard-known as the Alaskan Scouts. They do their best under the circumstances. sumption that all Natives require such Later today, Richard Frank will testify as However, Alaska is a large place and it is training? They do not. Many are capable of to how he and his people use the land to impossible for Fish and Game to adequately any work that the pipeline will require. survive. I would like to mention some of the enforce their own regulations. It is quite easy Why are Alyeska's obligations to employ things I have seen in my various trips to the for anyone to go out into the wilderness and Natives described in such vague terms? The other four villages which we represent. These do anything they want with respect to fish obligations should be specific and the vil­ are obvious to any Alaskan who has travelled and game and the odds are that they will lage Indians should participate in writing to the villages. probably not get caught. To expect the Fish these obligations. The inhabitants of these four villages live and Game Department to protect my clients 3. Condition the permit so that Alyeska in log cabins and burn wood for cooking and after the road is built is a pleasant but un­ is required to compensate the villages for the heating. The foods that I have been served realistic dream. value to them of the land that the pipeline, on my visits have been game or fish taken The Draft Impact Statement concludes road and appurtenant structures will cause from the land. I have had to help one person that the pipeline poses great, unavoidable the villages to lose. clean a moose before we could talk about his dangers to the land, water, and fish and 4. Broaden the Bonding and Liabilities legal problems since the moose must be wildlife of the area it crosses, but that na­ provisions of Stipulations 5 and 6 so that cleaned very quickly after it has been killed tional security demands that the pipeline they protect the Native peoples most likely or it will spoil. proceed nevertheless. to need their protection. At present these I have stood on the banks of the Koyukuk In many ways, the Draft Statement con­ provisions serve only to protect the United River in Allakeket and discussed the pipe­ firms the worst fears of the villages I rep­ States Government from loss. They should line with an elderly resident of this village. resent. They are in the way of "progress"; and also require Alyeska to compensate the vil­ He was very concerned about the problem of they are to be bulldozed aside, ignored, in lages along the pipeline route should the oil spills for he had been hearing a great the rush for black gold. construction or operation of the pipeline and deal in the news about the various disasters The Draft concedes that even under the road cause damage to the villagers' only as­ around the world. During our discussion, he best of circumstances the pipeline will have sets-the land and rivers. If the oil com­ pointed to the river and he said, "That is a fundamental and serious adverse impact panies really believe they can build a safe our life." upon their rivers, fish and wildlife. pipeline, then they should not object to In all four of these villages, the people get Should the pipeline break, and it is con­ this. their drinking water fTom the river. In all ceded that no stipulation can prevent this four of these villages, the people catch a threat to a 800-mile pipeline in Alaska, the large number of fish from these rivers. effects on rivers and streams, and wildlife, POISON ROAMS OUR COASTAL SEAS Yesterday, Congressman As pin referred to a will be catastrophic. Department of Interior Report listing the Despite these recognized dangers and oth­ large number of fish caught by the Village ers, which so clearly threaten the very lives HON. JEROME R. WALDIE of Allakaket during the year 1967. I do not of my clients, it is astonishing and shocking need to refer to the Department of Interior that the Draft blandly ignores these people OF CALIFORNIA reports because I have seen the rows and directly in the pipeline's path. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rows of fish hanging on drying racks during At page 110, the Draft discusses the impact Thursday, February 18, 1971 the summer. of the pipeline on the "CUlture" of Alaska. Later today, when Richard Frank of Minto It finds that: Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, we in the testifies, he will tell you about the Minto "The only identifiable negative cultural Congress and the American public are Flats area, which has sustained his village influences that could be associated with the now acutely aware of the mercury con­ ever since the people can remember. The implementation of the project would be a tent found in some of the commercial Village of Allakaket also has a fiats area near reduction in remnant hunting and fishing the village which is very similar to the Minto cultures t hat still characterize some Native and sport fish in our rivers, lakes, and Flats. This is called the Kanuti Flats. The groups." seas. Kanuti Flats are as important to the people And again at page 140: One of the first revelations of this dan­ in Allakaket as the Minto Flats are to the "The proposed pipeline system would not gerous occurrence was in the outstanding people of Minto. The Kanuti Flats, like the result in any significant adverse environ­ magazine Sports illustrated. In October, Minto Flats, are fed by rivers which will be mental ~ffeots tha-t can be related to pres­ Author Robert H. Boyle detailed the scope crossed by the pipeline. The pipeline will be ent or future cul;tural features of most of the mercury problem and alerted the upstream of the Kanuti Flats and any Alaskans." damage caused during construction will flow Do these statements in the Impact Draft American people to the very real hazards down into the Kanutl Flats. After the pipe­ mean that the Department of the Interior to health that mercury poisoning poses. line is built and the oil is onstream, these does not recognize the still existing and via­ The article had particular impact upon fiats will be subjected to the risk of rupture ble Indian culture which survives because me because of the fact that my congres­ or slow chronic leaks of oil. Such risks of the abundance Of the land and the ability sional district involves the magnificent threaten trapping, the hunting of water fowl, of the Indians to use it in order to live? delta waters that were included within and the availability of drinking water for I cannot believe that employees in the De­ the study made of the effects of mercury the people of Allakaket. The Kanuti Flats are partment of the Interior are unaware of on our fishery. referred to in the Environmental Impact these problems. It is certainly common Statement on page 64 as a very good water knowledge in Alaska. The striped bass is a particularly fowl habitat. This statement in the Impact Fortunately, the Impact Statement we are precious resource to our area having been Report on page 64 also refers to the Ray River considering today is still only a Draft. It is imported from the east coast in the latter as a very good water f'owl habitat. The pipe­ not too late for the Department of Interior, part of the 19th century. The stripers line will cross the Yukon River at the point supposedly, after all, the guardian of the have thrived to the point where they are where the Ray River comes into the Yukon. villages we represent, to take the following now the most important game fish to be The people of Stevens Village trap and hunt important steps in the Indians' interest. in the Ray River area and have traplines up 1. Follow the example of Canada in the found in the area. the Ray River. The people of Rampart come Northwest Territories and require not only Mr. Speaker, the people of my district up to the Ray River at the point of the cross­ a bond to protect the Indians, but also In­ and sportsmen throughout the Nation ing to hunt moose and to gather firewood. dian inspectors chosen by the Indians dur­ are deeply concerned about the mercury Two residents of Stevens Village have fish­ ing construction and after. content of sports and commercial fish­ wheel sites in close proximity to the point of 2. The Native inhabitants of the pipeline eries. the pipeline crossing on the Yukon River. route should actively participate in decisions We all owe Sports Illustrated and Mr. These are threatened by the mere construc­ to be made about their own lives and lands. tion of this pipeline. (a) Environmental Briefings are required Boyle a great deal of thanks for bringing The Environmental Impact Statement on of Alyeska by Stipulation 12 for "Federal this serious situation to our attention so pages 110, 144, and 194 refer to the fact that employees." Why not for the Native inhabit­ that remedial steps can be taken to in­ the proposed road north of the Yukon will ants, too? sure the continuance of our Nation's vital open the country up in such a way to in­ (b) Alyeska is required to "enter into an fishery resources. crease the demand for hunting and fishing. agreement" with the Secretary of the In­ Mr. Speaker, I take this opportunity to This increased demand by people who do not terior regarding "recruitment, testing, train­ place Mr. Boyle's article in the RECORD: live in the immediate area will compete with ing, placement and job counseling of Alaska the very people who must hunt and fish in Natives." Why is there no provision for in­ POISON ROAMS OuR COASTAL SEAS order to make a living. On page 144 the Envi­ put from the Natives themselves? Is such (By Robert H. Boyle) ronmental Statement says that these prob­ an agreement already drafted? In the past few years there has been con­ lems could be controlled by proper regula­ (c) Alyeska is required to train an unspeci­ siderable scientific concem about chemical tion of hunting and fishing by state author- fied number of Alaska Natives, and to "do residues in fish, but almost all investigations February 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3361 have been limited to freshwater lakes and warnings of mercury contamination else­ The highest mercury residues found in streams. Yet some species of coastal fish have where in the world, nothing was done in the SI study were in the flesh of spotted sea­ gone into what .John R. Clark, curator of North America until last year when Nor­ trout from Hackberry, Cameron Parish, La. t he New York Aquarium, describes as "a vald Fimreite, a Norwegian graduate student The initial analysis by W ARF Institute re­ disastrous crime, a virtual wipeout. The at the University of Western Ontario, tested vealed 2.2 ppm of mercury, four times more total commercial catch on the Middle Atlantic pheasants from Alberta. The residues were than the FDA maximum of 0.5. In a repeat in 1969 was down to about one-tenth of the so high that Alberta closed the hunting sea­ analysis by W ARF, the level was 1.8 ppm. 1960 catch. The multimillion-dollar men­ son. Still Canadian and U.S. authorities did The seatrout were procured from a commer­ haden fishery was nearly eliminated in the nothing to try to halt the poisoning. Fim­ cial fish company in Hackberry, and they had late '60s, and weakfish, croaker, spot, porgy reite then found high mercury residues in been caught in adjacent Lake Calcasieu, a and fluke are close to disappearing in the fish from Lake St. Clair. The major source of brackish bOdy of water connected to the Gulf Northeast. Pollution is a major cauEe. Caastal the contamination was a Dow Chemical Com­ of Mexico. On the Gulf coast, seatrout are waters are infested with pest icides, metals pany plant at Sarnia, Ontario, which was generally not migratory but localized in one and other toxic pollutants, and these poisons dumping as much as 200 pounds of mercury estuary. Last .July after SI obtained the fish, can kill fish, their young and the organis!Ils a day into the St. Clair River. Subsequent in­ the FDA, in an entirely unrelated move, they feed on." vestigations elsewhere have uncovered other halted interstate shipments of crabs, spotted It is also possible that this pollution, un­ polluters. One reason that authorities were seatrout, redfish and flounder from Lake less checked, may kill people. A study spon­ slow to act was that everyone apparently Calcasieu because of high mercury levels. sored by Sports lllustrated reveals that believed mercury was too valuable to be The flesh of striped bass from California poisonous chemical compounds in the flesh thrown away. Another reason was that most a lso surpassed the FDA limit on mercury. The and eggs of some of the most popular Ameri­ authorities mistakenly believed that any mer­ California Department of Fish and Game ca n saltwater sport fishes have reached levels cury released to a waterway would sink to the took the flesh and eggs from 15 different fe­ t hat are alarming to health authorities and bottom and be inert. However, Swedish scien­ males caught in the Delta near Antioch, com­ fishery biologists. The study, the first ever tists discovered that no matter what form posited flesh and egg samples separately and to involve fishes from the Atlantic, Gulf of mercury is discharged to the environment, forwarded them to WARF Institute. The de­ and Pacific coasts of the U.S., was conducted be it inorganic divalent mercury, phenyl partment retained the remainder of the flesh for this magazine by WARF Institute, Inc. in mercury or alkoxy-alkyl mercury, it can be and eggs for testing on its own. At WARF In­ Madison, Wis., a highly respected laboratory eventually converted by either microorga­ stitute initial flesh analysis was 0.70 ppm; that has done research for the Federal Gov­ nisms or fish into the most toxic form­ the repeat analysis was 0.68. In order to obtain ernment, various states and private industry. methyl mercury. California striped bass for testing, SI agreed Specifically, the study shows that the flesh As a trace element, mercury is found to allow the California Department of Fish of spotted seatrout from Louisiana, striped naturally in minute amounts in man. Ac­ and Game to review the results before publi­ bass from California and Spanish mackerel cording to Dr. Henry A. Schroeder of the cation and then to comment upon the sig­ from South Carolina contains more mercury Trace Element Laboratory of the Dartmouth nificance. After reviewing the data, L. H. than allowed by the U.S. Food and Drug Medical School, the human body contains Cloyd, deputy director of the department, Administration in fish sold for human con­ about 0.2 parts per million of mercury. says that the WARF finding "for the level of sumption. (Chemical residues are measured by scien­ mercury was consistent with one of our state Other tests disclose that the reproductive tists on parts per billion and parts per mil­ laboratory reports." Cloyd also points out process of at least four different fish popu­ lion basis; in layman's language, one part per "the levels of mercury in stripers, as well as lations may be threatened by high residue million, 1.0 ppm, is the equivalent of one in some catfish, sturgeon-and pheasants­ levels of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides ounce of vermouth in 7,812 gallons of gin­ have prompted our governor to assemble a in the eggs. High levels of DDT residues (a the ultimate dry martini.) The danger to special task force of state agencies and co­ combination of DDT, DDD and DDE) are in man from eating mercury-contaminated fish operating federal agencies to investigate mer­ cury pollution in California." t he eggs of striped bass from California, or birds comes from raising levels in the from the Hudson River, New York, from the body. The World Health Organization has Mercury in excess of the FDA limit of 0.5 Rappahannock River, Virginia, and in the recommended that no human food contain was also found in the flesh of Spanish mack­ eggs of bluefish caught off the coast of South any trace whatsoever of mercury, while .Japan erel caught four miles off Charleston, S.C. Carolina. Moreover, the eggs of the California and Sweden, both countries with strong Initial analysis by W ARF Institute was 0 .157 and New York bass have high PCB residues, commercial fishing interests, have set a in the flesh; the repeat analysis was 0.56. The an industrial compound that has escaped standard of 1.0 ppm. In Sweden scientists Spanish mackerel is a pelagic fish, one that into the environment by accident. have criticized this maximum as excessive, spends its life near the surface of the ocean and one prominent toxicologist has said that and is not known to frequent shallow wa­ The fish studied were all females close to ter. The fish ranges off the coasts of the Caro­ spawning and were collected last spring and the maximum should be lowered to 0.2 ppm. The Swedish government has stuck by the linas and Florida, and it may migrate into summer by fishermen, biologists and two the Gulf of Mexico. state fish-and-game departments. The sam­ 1.0-ppm standard but recommended that pling of each species from a given location consumption of fish be limited to one meal a Other species had mercury levels close to generally included from five to 15 individual week. In the U.S. the Food and Drug Ad­ the FDA maximum. False albacore from fish. All samples were wrapped in aluminum ministration maximum in fish is 0.5 ppm. South Carolina, another pelagic fish, had res­ foil, frozen and shipped by air in containers The human tolerance level of mercury is idues of 0.40 in the flesh; spotted seatrout from Shell Point Reef on the panhandle of with dry ice to W ARF in Madison where not precisely known. From 1953 to 1960, 121 Francis Coon, head of the chemical depart­ t he Florida Gulf coast had 0.40; striped bass persons in Minamata, .Japan were killed or from the Hudson River, 0.34; bluefish from ment, supervised the analyses. A complete severely disabled as the result of eating mer­ list of fish species, location taken, residue South Carolina, 0.31; and white perch from cury-contaminated shellfish from Minamata the .James River, Virginia, 0.31. Little is data and analytical methods employed in the Bay. The mercury levels in the shellfish aver­ study is shown below. known about the natural or normal mercury aged 20 to 30 ppm. The mercury had been level in the flesh of fish, but it is probably In recent months there has been public discharged into the bay over a period of years not more than 300 parts per billion. The clamor about mercury residues in fish, resi­ by a plastics plant. In the U.S. three mem­ lowest level discovered by WARF Institute dues sufficiently high to close or restrict fish­ bers of the Huckleby family in Alamogordo, was 0.10 parts per million found in the flesh ing from such famous bodies of freshwater N. Mex. suffered severe brain damage aft er of Atlantic mackerel from Long Island Sound, as Lake Champlain between Vermont and eating a hog that had been fed grain treated American shad from the .James River and New York; the Lake St. Francis section of with mercury. spotted seatrout from South Carolina. SI did the St. Lawrence River between Quebec and Symptoms of mercury poisoning may occur not ask WARF Institute to analyze eggs for Ontario; the Niagara and Oswego rivers and weeks to months after exposure. The symp­ mercury residues. lakes Onondaga and Ontario in New York; toms include a numbness and tingling sen­ The WARF Institute analyzed the egg the Connecticut River in New Hampshire; sation in the hands and feet, disturbed and flesh samples for DDT residues, diel­ t he Savannah River and Brunswick Estuary speech, inability to coordinate muscle move­ drin and BHC, all chlorinated hydrocarbon in Georgia; Mobile Bay and the lower Mobile ment, impaired vision and hearing and emo­ pesticides. These synthetic compounds have River, the Tombigbee River and the Pickwick tional disturbances. The 19th century ex­ several factors in common. They do not Lake section of the Tennessee River in Ala­ pression "as mad as a hatter" came from readily break down in nature; indeed, it bama; the Detroit River and Lake St. Clair cases of insanity suffered by hatters who in­ takes at least a decade for them to lose their in Michigan; and the Wisconsin River from haled vapors of mercury that was used to toxicity. They are also highly poisonous to its juncture with the Mississippi River to cure felt. In severe cases the symptoms of a broad spectrum of living organisms. They Rhinelander, Wis. In fact, mercury pollution mercury poisoning are irreversible. A report are used to attack insect pests because they is a problem in at least 33 states and eight submitted by an international committee in can penetrate the external shell of chitin, a Canadian provinces. Stockholm last year stated: "In infants born thin layer af hard fatty material that covers Mercury pollution of fish, shellfish and to mothers with large amounts of methyl an insect body. Once applied, be it on in­ birds was first discovered in Japan and mercury, the symptoms are somewhat dif­ sects, on the ground, on vegetation or in the Sweden in the 1960s. The pollution came ferent. Most children had mental retarda­ air, these long-living pesticides are spread from pulp mills, plastic and chlor-alkali t ion and also cerebral palsy with convul­ by wind and water. Aerial applications of plants and mercury-coated seeds. Despite sions." DDT can enter the atmosphere and circle the 3362 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 19, 1971 earth in only two weeks. Last year Drs. Eu­ ment of the levels of recruitment of striped only 1.0 part per billion of PCBs in water gene F. Corcoran and Douglas B. Seba of the bass demonstrate no adverse effects from the will adversely atiect the growth of oysters. University of Miami reported surface sl1cks levels of DDT and its metabolites in striper The preCiise significance of the WARF find­ containing pesticides washing into Biscayne eggs and larvae. We are, however, continuing ings of PCB residues in the eggs and fiesh Bay after heavy rains. These areas were sev­ to investigate this aspect." of t he fish submitted by SI has yet to be eral miles long and from five to 300 feet wide, Striped bass from the Hudson, which mi- determin ed. However, PCBs are present in and they contained 10,000 times more chlor­ grate to New Jersey, New York and Connect!- the fiesh and eggs of all samples. The WARF inated hydrocarbon pesticides than the water cut coastal waters, had 7.40 ppm of DDT fi n dings, it should be noted, are estimates surrounding them. residues in the eggs. They also had 0.33 ppm b ::tsed on one peak on a gas chromatogram, Once introduced into the food web, chlor­ of dieldrin. By FDA standa.rds, the eggs of but scient ist s who h ave reviewed the data inated hydrocarbons are able to move up these striped baSs should not be eaten. Diel- for SI an d who have experience in the field from phytoplankton to zoo-plankton to fish drin is more toxic than DDT, and the FDA say the estimates are valid. The highest PCB to bird or mammal, and they become more has imposed a maximum of 0.30 ppm of diel- residues in fiesh are in the Hudson River and more concentrated as they are retained drin on fish products. striped bass, 4.01 ppm. The California striped by a higher level of animals. The chlorinated The eggs of bluefish caught off South bass h ad the highest PCB residues in eggs, hydrocarbons tend to center in the body fats, Carolina contain 4.11 ppm of DDT residues. 17.0 ppm. other egg residues of possible Big­ such as those in the reproductive organs, According to Dr. Lionel A. Walford, director n ifioance were Hudson st ripers, 11.4 ppm; and it is generally agreed that these chem­ of the U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries labora- South Carolina bluefish, 2.81; and Rappa­ icals are to blame for the current decline in tory at Sandy Hook, N.J., where most of the hannock stripers, 2.31. North America of the brown pelican, the research on Atlantic coast bluefish has been In assessing the WARF findings for SI, Dr. peregrine falcon and the bald eagle, our done, these South Carolina bluefish were Robert Smolker, an ecologist at the State national symbol. All have fish in their food probably migrat ing north from Florida when University of New York at Stony Brook, sa.id, web. caught. Baby bluefish spawned in Carolina "I'm horrified b y some of the data. I am quite In the past two years the FDA has seized offshore waters in the spring eventually grow surprised t o find such residues in fish from shipments of coho salmon from Lake Mich­ up to supply an important sport fishery as t he ocean, but I cert ainly don't think people igan and jack mackerel from the Pacific near far north as southern New England. Striped should panic." What, then, should the public Los Angeles for exceeding 5.0 ppm of DDT bass from the Rappahannock River have do or demand? There are a number of steDs residues, and the U.S. Bureau of Sport Fish­ 2.03 ppm of DDT residues in the eggs. Striped that can be t aken . eries and Wildlife has noted DDT levels of bass from this river and others tributary to For one, the study is merely a first effort, from 31 to 45 ppm in the fiesh of white perch Chesapeake Bay, the single most important and nationwide monitoring programs of more taken from the Delaware River at Camden, striper spawning ground on the Atlantic samples are needed to determine the pres­ N.J. Last month John MacGregor of the coast, migrate from Virginia to Massachu- ence and levels of contaminants in Wildlife. u.s. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries an­ setts. The majorit y of fish test ed also had Moreover, considerable research needs to be nounced that a federal study of fish from traces of BHC, another chlorinated hydro- dot;te on the ecological side effects of new pes­ Santa Monica Bay contained new research carbon, in the fiesh and eggs. The effect of tiCides coming on the market. This research information. The study showed DDT residues BHC on fish reproduction is unknown and is very expensive. It now costs as much as $10 in those fish to be astronomically high, t he Food and Drug Administration h~s set mil:ion to clear a new pesticide for federal ranging from 63 ppm in the lever of Dover no maximum on BHC in fish. As Taylor registration. As of this year, however, the De­ sole to 1,026 ppm in the liver of starry rock­ Quinn of the FDA remarked as this article partment of the Interior has a ceiling of $3 fish. A major source of the residues was was being prepared, "It's unusual, to say the million in appropriations for all pesticide two sewage plants emptying into the bay. least, t o find BHC in fish." research , and of that less than $700,000 is The City of Los Angeles plant at Hyperion WARF Institute also tested all egg and allotted to the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and was releasing one to seven pounds of DDT flesh samples for residues of PCBs the abbre- Wildlife for fish research. Several scientists components per day, while the Los Angeles viat ed name given to the poly~hlorinated have proposed that the additional needed County White Point plant was daily dis­ biphenyls, a synthetic chemical compound money c?me not from Government funds charging from 200 to 400 pounds of DDT used by various industries. PCBs are heat b_ut be raised instead by imposing a small ex­ residues. However, none of the fiesh samples resistan t a nd are widely used in the electrical Clse tax, based on volume sold, on pesticide tested for SI by WARF Institute approached industry as insulating fiuids for transformers manufacturers. No scientist queried doubted the federal maximum. DDT residues were . . the need for pesticides; the only question and capacitors. Th ey are also u sed 1n plastics was whi h pe ti ·d Will t d th detected in the fiesh of every species sub­ and adhesives. . c s c1 es no amage e mitted, but the closest to the FDA maximum environment. At present, problems remain were the Hudson River striped bass that had PCBs have been mad~ in the U.S. sin?e considerable and seemingly insoluble. There DDT residues totaling 2.42 ppm. 1929, but ~hey wer~ not Identified as such I_n has been a great deal of talk about phasing The WARF Institute also tested all eggs fish and ~rrds until a few years ago ..chenn- out DDT, but DDT continues to be used on for chlorinated hydrocarbon residues. Inas­ cally similar to DDT, they batHed mvesti- a substantial basis and the same is true of much as these pesticides have an affinity for gator? who re~o:ted finding "u~own but other persistant chlorinated hydrocarbons. fat, it came as no surprise that there were chlorme-contammg compounds. In 1966 For instance, there has been a rapid in­ higher residues in the eggs than in the fiesh. Dr. Soren Jensen, a Swedish scientist, was crease in the use of two chlorinated hydro­ DDT residues in the eggs can affect repro­ able to separate the compounds !Tom DDT carbons chlordane and toxaphene as sub­ duction or the surviva.l of young fish. In and ident ify t hem as PCBs in a sea eagle stitutes'for DDT and both these co~pounds Jasper National Park, Canada there was a and in the bodies of more than 200 fish which can be di;cerned in animals only atte; 70 % mortality of brook-trout fry hatched taken from different parts of Sweden. very involved laboratory testing, are starting from eggs with 0.46 ppm of DDT residues. In Dr. Jensen then analyzed eagle feathers in a to turn up in all sorts of places. Michigan 700,000 coho salmon fry died in museum collection. Some of the feathers Not long ago Drs. Richard Schoettger and hatcheries in 1968. They had been hatched were collected as far back as 1880, but Dr. David Stalling of the u.s. Bureau of Sport from eggs with DDT residues of 1.5 to 3 ppm. Jensen first found PCB residues in feathers Fisheries and Wildlife pesticide laboratory in When the larval salmon were three weeks old collected in 1944. After Dr. Jensen published Columbia, Mo. began a study of still another and absorbed their yolk sac during the so­ a paper on his fi~dings, Dr. Robert Rise- chlorinated hydrocarbon, endrin, in fish. They called "button up" stage they died. DDT brough of ~he Institute of Marine Resources planned to feed the fish food containing en-. residues were in the yolk, and quickly made at the Umversity of' California at Berkeley dr1n residues of 0.1 to 0.5 ppm. They or­ contact with the central nervous system. Dr. fou~d PCBs in ~ number of Californian, dered their test fish, channel catfish brood Philip A. Butler of the Bureau of Commercial Mexican and Arctic sea birds. He noted that stock from national hatcheries and, as a Fisheries Laboratory in Gulf Breeze, Fla. the highest levels of PCBs in birds were from routine check, they analyzed some of these reports that in a joint study with the Texas those closest t o in-dustrialized areas. In a fish for endrin. To their dismay, they dis­ Department of Parks and Wildlife virtually later investigation he also found PCBs in covered that the catfish already contained no young spotted seatrout were observed in samples of mother's milk from women in 0.5 to 0.88 ppm of endrin, more than was the Laguna Madre in 1968 and 1969. The San Francisco a n d Los Angeles. In a paper to be given them in the test food. This should gonads of females had DDT residues up to in Environment early this year he called for not be surprising. Schoettger has yet to find 8.0ppm. t he establishment of tolerance limits of the a commercial dry fish food for sale in the Different species of fish seem to have dif­ compound in human food. Thus far, the FDA U.S. that is not contaminated by chlorinated ferent levels of tolerance to DDT residues has set no standard. hydrocarbons. in the eggs. Precise levels are simply not Another scientist, Robert Huggett of the Besides establishing a constant monitor- known for most marine fish, but based on Virginia Institut e of Marine Science, says ing program of contaminants in fish and the atbove 0.5 ppm seems to be cause for the toxicity of PCBs to marine animals seems wildlife, efforts should be made to determine concern and 1.5 ppm serious cause for con­ to be about t h e same as t h at of DDT. At harmful levels to various species. Although cern about survival of the young. According present, the Virginia linstit ute of Marine worrisome, DDT residues in eggs are mean­ Science is conduct ing studies to determine ingless until we know that 5.0 ppm of DDT to W ARF Institute results, the highest DDT t he levels of PCBs in estuarine sediments, residues in conjunction With 8.0 ppm of residues in eggs were in the ca.Iifornia striped oysters, fish an d crabs in the Chesapeake. PCBs, or wha.t.ever the figures may lbe kill off bass, 9.05 ppm. Commenting upon DDT resi­ ~e institute is also trying to locate the a certain percentage of the hatch, be it none, dues in California stripers, L. H. Cloyd of origins of the PCBs. At the Bureau of Com- a third or 90%. Then, of course, we need to tne Department of Fish and Game notes: mercia! Fisheries lab in Gulf Breeze, Dr. know what levels may be harmful to humans. "Numerous studies conducted by our depart- Thomas Duke and associates have found that Writing in Pesticides, Dr. Robert van den February 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3363 Bosch of the University of Call!ornia at cldes can be required to deal only wtth the years ago when Bruce Wright, director of Berkeley points out that the public good re­ pest-control adviser." the Northeastern Wildlife Station in Freder­ quires that salesmen for pesticide manufac­ Sources of harmful pollution-mercury, ickton, published a paper about DDT and turers be brought under control. "The sales­ PCBs or pesticides-must be identified and woodcock. Wright says he was told then that man is the key to the system, for he serves stopped. Monitoring and source Identifica­ publication of his study was "not in the as the diagnostician, therapist and pill dis­ tion must also be conducted on other prob­ best interests of the province." Wright says penser," van den Bosch says, "and what is able contaminants, including heat from government funds for support of the station particularly disturbing is that he need not power plants, radioactive wastes or heavy were later cut. Last year the provincial gov­ demonstrate technical competence to per­ metals. Testifying last August before the ernment finally abandoned using DDT, but form in this multiple capacity. In other U.S. Senate subcommittee on environmental New Brunswick will have the legacy for words, the man who analyzes pest problems, pollution. Dr. Henry Schroeder of Dartmouth years to come. Soil scientists report that recommends the chemicals to be used and dealt with mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, DDT is at least eight inches deep in the effects their sale is neither required by law beryllium and antimony. "I mmt emphasize forest fioor. to demonstrate (by examination) his profes­ that environmental pollution by toxic metals Much indiscriminate pollution of U.S. sional qualifications (as do medical doctors, is a much more serious and much more in­ waters could be stopped by enforcement of dentists, lawyers, veterinarians, barbers, sidious problem than is pollution by organic the Federal Refuse Act passed back in 1899 beauticians, realtors, etc.) nor is he licensed. substances, such as pesticides, weed killers, by Congress. This act, in part, makes it Yet this person deals with extremely com­ sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, carbon illegal "to throw, discharge, or deposit, or plex ecological problems and utilizes some monoxide and other gross contaminants of cause, suffer, or procure to be thrown, dis­ of the most deadly and ecologically disrup­ air and water.... Most organic substances charged or deposited either from or out t!ve chemicals devised by science." are degradable by natural processes. Once of any ship, barge, or other fioating craft Instead of permitting salesmen stimulated we control their use, they will leave little of any kind, or from the shore, wharf, manu­ by commissions and bonuses to sell pesticides or no residue, but no metal is degradable. facturing establishment or mill, any refuse to the ultimate user, van den Bosch proposes Once dug from the earth, metals stay with matter of any kind or description whatever that they be replaced by professional pest­ us and what we are now accumulating will other than that :flowing from streets and contl'ol advisers who would be subject to be around as long as we are." sewers and passing therefrom in a liquid examination, licensing and a code of conduct Government officials must enforce anti­ state, into any navigable water of the U.S." similar to physicians. This done, van den pollution laws and be on guard against the Laws may be passed and laws may be Bosch says, "The company-affiliated sales­ broken. In the end, the enforcement and spread of possible contaminants. There have abatement depend upon publtc opinion. If man, with his built-in confilct of interest been all too many instances of cover-up. and sales motivation, can be phased out of one lesson is to be learned it is that we can­ pest-control advisement. Direct contact be­ Last month there was a ruckus when the not release wide-ranging persistent poisons tween the salesman and the lay user of in­ Canadian government banned woodcock into the air or water. As OVid wrote 2,000 secticides can be eliminated. Just as the drug hunting in the province of New Brunswick years ago: "Til habits gather by unseen de­ salesman deals only with the physician, not because the birds were saturated with DDT. grees. As brooks make rivers, rivers run to with the patient, the salesman of toxic pesti- The fact is that this danger was known five seas.''

COUNTDOWN ON CONTAMINANTS

PCB's PCB's Chlorinated hydrocarbons, flesh Me~~:fi flesh eggs FDA limit, 5.0 DDT, DOE, DOD; 0.3 Dieldrin Chlorinated hydrocarbons, eggs FDA (esti- (esti- Species and location where caught limit0.5 mated) mated) DOE ODD DDT Dieldrin BHC ODE ODD DDT Dieldrin BHC

AUantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) Long Island Sound, Rowayton, Conn ______0.10 0. 58 1.16 0.11 0.14 0. 24 0. 032 0. 007 0.23 0.47 0. 063 0. 039 0. 018 St~0e~tr~s~~s N~~~~~~~ _~~~~~i~l-i~~ _~~-d _s_o~- _~~~~r: _ .34 4. 01 11.4 .81 .86 . 75 .17 . 048 2.11 3. 20 2.09 • 33 . 061 Striped bass (M. saxatilis) Rappahannock River, Tappahannock, Va •.• ______------__ --- . 20 .56 2.31 .16 .19 .13 -018 . 006 .60 • 78 .65 • 053 • 045 American shad (Aiosa sapidissima) James River Estuary, va ______------2.10 .37 • 056 .16 .16 .20 • 059 . 037 • 025 . 022 • 022 • 005 .005 White Perch (Marone americana) James River Estuary, Va ______• 31 .77 1. 59 .26 .29 .16 .15 • 028 .39 .47 .31 . 39 . 031 Spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) in the surf off Charleston, S.C ______.10 .12 .19 .024 • 020 .024 • 012 ------. 063 .036 .054 . 009 2. 005 Spanish mackerel g;comberomorus maculatus) 4 miles offshore, C arleston ______3.57 .10 .56 .020 .008 • 016 2. 005 ------.17 .12 .13 . Oll 2. 005 Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) 4 miles offshore, Charleston ______.. _-. • 31 .19 2. 81 . 045 • 022 • 038 2. 005 2. 005 2.47 .103 • 61 . 017 • 006 W~~i:~ es~~n~~=i~~r~~ ~-s-- ~~!- _~ __ ~-i~ ~~ _~~-s_h_~r~: _ .15 .13 .11 . 026 .022 . 026 • 006 ------• 029 • 023 . 031 .006 ------Dolphin (Coryphaena hippurus) 30 miles offshore, Charleston .... ______----_ • 20 .06 .18 .021 • 010 • 025 2. 005 ------• 079 • 024 .086 • 008 ------False albacore (Euthynnus alletteratus) 30 miles offshore, Charleston ______. 40 • 56 . 66 . 22 • 067 .17 2. 005 ------• 39 • 23 .18 . 008 ------Spotted seatrout (C. nebulosus) Lake Calcasieu, Hackberry, La_ .. ______---- ____ • 2. 2 .31 .72 .077 .41 .11 . 034 . 054 .11 . 54 . 22 • 011 • 083 Spotted seatrout (C. nebulosus) Shell Point Reef, Wakulla County, Fla ______.40 • 096 .12 . 041 • 021 • 026 2. 005 ------.19 .11 . 047 ~. 005 ~ . 005 Silver perch (Bairdiella chrysura) Alligator Harbor, Franklin County, Fla ______.15 .10 • 10 • 023 • 018 • 022 2. 005 ------.16 • 087 . 047 . 006 ------Striped bass (M. saxatilis) the Delta, Antioch, Calif ______.. ______---- ______• ___ . 5. 70 • 99 17. 0 • 45 .21 .23 . 021 • 006 3. 66 2. 47 2.92 .18 .10 Steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) Cowlitz River, Toledo, Wash .. ______. .12 .12 .08 . 011 • 016 • 028 2. 005 2. 005 • 009 . Oll . 023 2, 005 • 005

1 Information about the tests: All the figures sho·Nn on the chart are parts per million. WARF 3 Repeat analysis 0.56. Institute's procedures for determining c'llorinate:l hydrocHbJn residues are in the "FDA Pesticide 4 Repeat analysis 1.8. Analytical Manual," vol. 1, January 1953, sees. 212 a11d 311. The mercury analysis follows "The • Repeat analysis 0.68. Analyst," vol. 86, p. 608, 1951, modified by Ato11ic Ab;;orption Spectrophotometry with boat Note: DDT residues are a combination of DDT, ODE, and DOD. The U.S . Fo~d and Drug Admin­ technique. istration has set no tolerance standards for BHC or PCB residues in human food. 2 Below noted level.

ANGELA DAVIS FOR SIMAS to be in the best interests of international helped incite were to come about, it would KUDIRKA? justice-Angela Davis for Simas Kudirka. be the people of her own race who would Angela Davis, an avowed, native-born suffer most. Communist, has enjoyed every benefit Angela Davis continues to be exploited HON. JOHN R. RARICK afforded one in a free country. She has by the Soviet Communists who obviously OF LOUISIANA had the privilege of being educated, desire to use their comrade as a pawn to has held a position of trust as a college continue their mission to overthrow our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES instructor, and yet she has abused her Government and colonize our country. Thursday, February 18, 1971 constitutionally secured freedoms by On the other hand, Simas Kudirka, Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the way speaking out against her country. She has a Lithuanian who has lived as a Com­ things have shaped up, a United States­ provoked violence and anarchy knowing munist slave, risked his life attempting Soviet prisoner exchange would appear full well that if the racial war she has to reach the United States in an effort

CXVII--212-Pa.rt 3 3364 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1971 to escape the totalitarian Soviet system Estonia, Latvia. and Lithuania were seized "observers" the forthcoming murder ti'ial of for the same individual liberties and by Russia in 1940 almost without protest Angela Davis, the blaOrder of Lenin and is a member of the Kondrashin, orchestra conductor, Lyudmila At the same time, by suggesting that Presidium of the Soviet Academy of Science, Savelyeva, film actress; Boris A. Rybakov, Americans be allowed to view certain con­ joined Dr. Sakharov in his thesis that the archeologist; Konstantin A. Fedin, writer; troversial Soviet trials, Mr. Nixon, in effect, Soviet and American systems of Government Igor Moiseyev, folk-dange director, and Yev­ nettled the Soviets for the recent, emotion­ must ultimately converge. He did so at a geny M. Zhukov, historian. charged hijacking trials of Soviet Jews. news conference in Washington. Miss Davis is charged with having supplied HIJACK TRIALS IN U.S.S.R. LIST OF SIGNERS the guns that were used in a shootout last Even though the Soviet courts commuted Last autumn, Dr. Sakharov formed a com­ August at the Marin County, Calif., Court­ the death sentences of two accused hijack­ mittee of scientists and intellectuals de­ house in San Rafael during which four per­ ers, more such trials are expected. signed to examine openly new scientific and sons were killed, including a judge. She was By indirectly raising the hijack issue in political ideas. The group is considered a scheduled to be arraigned today on charges the State Department note, the President forum for those in the Soviet Union favor­ of murder, kidnapping and criminal con­ stressed official concern here at the harshness ing intellectual dissent, and Dr. Kapitsa is spiracy. of the sentences and the Soviet treatment of believed to be aligned with it. In their letter, the Soviet intellectuals Jews in general. The signers of the appeal to Mr. Nixon, reminded Mr. Nixon of a speech last year in The cable, sent to the President on Christ­ in addition to Drs. Kapitsa, Engelgardt, Mil­ which he quoted Thomas Jefferson to the mas Day, signed by 14 leading Soviet citi­ lionshchikov and Tamm were: effect that Americans acted not for them­ zens, referred to Miss Davis as "a selfiess Viktor A. Ambartsumyan, astrophys1cist, selves alone but for the entire human race. fighter for progressive social ideas both in full member of the Academy of Science, "Today, Mr. President," the Soviet group science and in social matters." recipient of two Orders of Lenin. said, "the human race is convinced that Two days later, Assistant Secretary of State Lev A. Artsimovich, a physicist, full mem­ Angela Davis is about to be tried in effect Martin J. Hillenbrand invited the 14 Rus­ ber of the Academy of Science, specialist for the stand she takes in political and racial sians to witness the California trial. The in nuclear physics, .two Orders of Lenin. problems. President personally approved the invitation, Aleksandr Y. Braunsteyn, a biochemist, The Davis case, the Soviet group charges, according to the State Department. full member of the Academy of Science, Sta­ "is only the latest link in the chain that The Soviet signatories are eminent men in lin Prize. starts from the lynching of the Molly Ma­ their fields, and the State Department re­ Nikolai P. Dubinin, biologist, a correspond­ guire trade union leaders," a secret workers garded their appeal to the President as sin­ ing member of the Academy of Science, Dar­ group active in the Pennsylvania anthracite cere, though misguided. Included in rtihe So­ win Medal. district about 1870. Other links in that chain viet group are those who have openly pro­ Andrei N. Kolmogrov, a mathematician, according to the group's letter were "the tested the arrest of Soviet intellectuals for full member of the Academy of Science, Order frame-ups of Tom Mooney, Sacco and Van­ independent thinking. zett i and other heroes and martyrs in the of Lenin, Stalin Prize. SERIOUS CONSIDERATION Andrei L. Kursanov, a biochemist, presi­ struggle for a democratic America." dium member of the Academy of Science, In what appeared to be an official Soviet The State Department believed that the Order of Lenin. campaign in support of Miss Davis, the gov­ protest should be treated seriously. One of Aleksandr N. Nesmeyanov, an organic ernment press agency, Tass, yesterday is­ the signers, Pyotr L. Kapitsa, dean of Soviet chemist, presidium member of the Academy sued a long commentary on her case. De­ physicists, had earlier been among four So­ of Science, three Orders of Lenin, Stalin scribdng her as a young Communist and viet intellectuals protesting the arreSt of bi­ Prize, Lenin Prize. "courageous fighter for freedom," Tass said ologist Zhores A. Medvedev, who had pub­ the charges against her were groundless. lished a critical essay in the West. He was Leonid I. Sedov, a specialist in mechanics, soon freed. full member of the Academy of Science, Her trial, the Soviet agency said, come Order of Lenin, Stalin Prize. against the background of a campaign of Should such an invitation be accepted, it hounding and intimidation of those who would be regarded as something of a propa­ Nikolai N. Semenov, a physicist and physi­ ganda coup by the administration-though cal chemist, full member of the Academy of press for social changes. MEETINGS HELD IN SOVIET there is no precedent for such an acceptance. Science, four Orders of Lenin, two Stalin No one here remembers a similar invitation Prizes. According to Tass, there have been meet­ being proferred or accepted. Aleksandr N. Frumkin, a physiochemist, ings in the Soviet Union protesting Miss "We feel it our duty to safeguard the right full member of the Academy of Science, Davis's trial and demanding her release. of the individual to fight for progress," the Order of Lenin, Stalin Prize, Lenin Prize. In California, Douglas J. Maloney, Marin Russians wrote. They appealed to the Presi­ County Counsel, said it was unlikely that dent to "safeguard the life of Angela Davis [From the New York Times, Jan. 7, 1971] the courtroom scheduled for Miss Davis' and give her an opportunity of continuing trial could accommodate the 14 Soviet sci­ her scientific work." MORE RUSSIANS SEND PLEA TO NIXON ON entists invited by the State Department. ANGELA DAVIS In a letter to the State Department, Mr. ACCUSATIONS NOTED (By Frank J. Prial) Maloney said that 60 of the room's 104 seats Miss Davis, accused by California author­ Ten Soviet intellectuals, including the had been assigned to newsmen and 40 to the ities of conspiring to smuggle weapons into composers Dmitri Shostakovich and Aram public. He said "extensive and detailed se­ the courthouse where a judge was abducted Khachaturian and the ballerina Maya Pli- curity measures are in effect and they do not and killed, is a former philosophy instructor 3366 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 22, 1971 at the University of Call:fornia at Los An­ Miss Devlin's principal message was the WELFARE OR WASTE geles. one she has reiterated during her current Administration ofticials say that should the speaking tour of American campuses: the delegation of Soviet scientists agree to at­ confiict in northern Ireland is a working­ tend the trial as .. observers,.. they would see class struggle and not the religious warfare it HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN for themselves that the trial was conducted is being portrayed in the world press. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE in a fair and unprejudicial manner. She drew a link between the efforts of poor IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Concern that black mllltants could not Catholics in Ireland, poor blacks in the receive a fair trial in America was diSpelled United States and poor Vietnamese in South­ Thursday, February 18, 1971 following a scrupulously conducted trial of east Asia to break free from a capitalistic Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, neither Black Panther militants in New Haven, Conn. system that she says robs them of the value of what they create. State nor Federal welfare payments BREWSTER COMMENT CITED The audience crowded the ballroom of the ought to come anYWhere near being the Earlier, Kingman Brewster, president of student union, well beyond its posted limit equivalent of what a man can earn by an Yale University, expressed reservations over of 600 and hundreds of students sat in lob­ honest day's work. To the extent that the possib111ty that black milltants could bies and corridors to listen to a public ad­ people are sick, disabled, or mothers with receive a fair trial in America today. Otllcials dress system. Many people in the audience little children are in need, financial as­ here have no concern that Miss Davis would gave Miss Devlin an ovation when she fin­ not be afforded the same judicial care given ished. sistance is needed but it must not be per­ in the New Haven trial. She drew applause after telling the audi­ mitted to get out of hand to the point of In addition to Dr. Kapitsa, several others ence that President Nixon would never go encouraging people to stay on welfare in the Soviet group are believed to have pub­ on trial as an accessor"" to "the murder of the and not go to work. licly aligned themselves with liberal causes Vietnamese people" because "he's not black In this connection a recent letter writ­ in the Soviet Union. All belong to the Acad­ and he's not a Socialist." ten to the editor of the Manchester, N.H., emy of SCiences of the U.S.S.R. and are win­ Queen Elizabeth II is "a squatter in Buck­ Union Leader makes the point very well. ners of high Soviet scientific awards. Physi­ ingham Palace," which should, instead of The letter follows: cist Igor Y. Tamm is a winner of a Nobel being a royal residence, be used to house "100 prize for his work. All are honorary members working-class families," she told a ques­ WELFARE VERSUS WORKING MAN of American scientific academies-either the tioner. To the Editors: My sister-in-law receives U.S. Academy of Sciences or the American The British Army in northern Ireland and $252 per month from welfare plus $140 per Academy of Arts a,nd SCiences. the American Army in Vietnam are both seek­ month from her husband giving her a total ing, she said, to protect the interests of of $392 per month for a family a! five. !From the Washington Post, Feb. 16, 1971] capitalistic society. The total for a year Is $4,804 tax free plus MISS DEVLIN SCORES VARIETY OF TARGETS Asked why socialistic governments such as medicaid and furniture allowance. (By David R. Boldt) those she defends have to keep citizens in I work 40 hours a week and my year's sal­ Bernadette Devlin, 23-year-old Irish rev­ with barbed Wire, while captialistic countries ary is $4,922. Out of this I pay $254 for S.S., have to curb immigration, she said, "I have $204 for taxes, $75 for union dues, $125 for olutionary and member of the British great criticisms of the Russian system," and Parliament, raked Queen Elizabeth II, Presi­ Blue Cross, so it gives $4,254 to support my dent Nixon, the British and American armies, described it as not socialism, but "state cap­ family of five. italism." Welfare pays all medical expenses; Blue Soviet Russia and American capitalism last America had halted Irish immigration, she night at the University of Maryland. Cross half. Glasses and dental work are paid claimed, when American cap!talists dis­ by medicaid, while Blue Cross pays for none. Asked during questioning from the audi­ covered they could send their industries to ence if she advocated the overthrow of the Now please tell us whose better off. The one Ireland and exploit the Irish there "Without whose on welfare or the working man. U.S. government, she said, "I congratulate having to pay their fares over." the gentleman on his astuteness a! mind ... She received her largest crowd reactions in If the Nixon administration's family the answer is yes." handling hostile questioners. When some in assistance program can stop this sort of She added, however, that her principal the audience tried to shout down one of her thing and meaningfully encourage people concern was to bring about socia.list revolu­ antagonists, she cautioned, "You ought to let to go to work, it will be a significant ac­ tion in northern Ireland. the gentleman make a fool of himself." complishment.

HO·USE OF REPRE:SENTATIVE~ S-Monday, February 22, 1971 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Without objection, the Journal stands The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, approved. GEORGE WASHINGTON'S FARE­ D.D., offered the following prayer: There was no objection. WELL ADDRESS Preserve me, 0 God, tor in Thee do I The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the order of the House of February 8, 1971, the put my trust. Psalm 16: 1 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT Our father's God, we come to Thee Chair recognizes the gentleman from with the sacred remembrance that on A message in writing from the Presi­ Virginia