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Temporal Changes of Land Use Capability Classification Depending on the Urban Development: Case Study of Trabzon Province

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Temporal Changes of Land Use Capability Classification Depending on the Urban Development: Case Study of Trabzon Province ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume IV-4/W4, 2017 4th International GeoAdvances Workshop, 14–15 October 2017, Safranbolu, Karabuk, Turkey TEMPORAL CHANGES OF LAND USE CAPABILITY CLASSIFICATION DEPENDING ON THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDY OF TRABZON PROVINCE H. E. Colak a, T. Memisoglu a* a KTU, Dept. of Geomatic Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey- ([email protected], [email protected]) KEY WORDS: Land use, land use capability, temporal change, urban development, Trabzon, Turkey ABSTRACT: Achieving high efficiency by taking advantage of agricultural land at a high level allows the continued vitality of the soil and also contributes to the country's economy. The land with the most fertilizer from agricultural land is generally the first class agricultural land (I.) followed by second (II.) and third class (III.) agricultural lands. It is accepted that all these lands are considered to be protected and various restrictions have been introduced to these lands. Soil conservation, use and development of balanced is possible to be defined in detail by exploiting the developing science and technology possibilities, determination well-defined properties and the implementation of policies by making the necessary plans. For this reason, Trabzon province is selected as the pilot region land use capability of agricultural land classes (especially urban-rural area and plateau) ongoing changes in the past years until today are examined depending on the land use first, second and third class. In this context, satellite images for 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2017 and land use data including the non-agricultural use of the province of Trabzon has been discussed and the temporal changes of agricultural areas depending on land use capability have been examined using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In all the productive areas of Trabzon Province, the increase in urban-rural development has been examined in detail because of especially the creation of planned areas and the occurrence of construction needs. This study is a small-scale case study and the results are examined and analyzed using GIS. 1. INTRODUCTION Use of Agricultural Land. There are some regulatory initiatives in this report about the vision of the future (T.C. Kalkınma Agricultural land generally is considered suitable for agriculture Bakanlığı, 2014) and it is aimed to protect agricultural land areas in terms of topography and climate characteristics or has been in our country. In the conducted national studies about land use converted into cultivated land areas. Agricultural areas are have been continued and determinations have been carried out classified according to their importance by considering certain (Yılmaz,2001; Yavuz, 2005; Kayıkçı,2005; Topçu, 2012; Dengiz standards for the purpose of the proper use of agricultural land in ve Turan, 2014; Geymen, 2017). agricultural production and to transfer it to other uses. This classification is mainly aimed at preventing the unintended use For this study, Trabzon province was selected as pilot region of agricultural land (T.C. Offical Gazette, 2005; URL-1, 2016). since the geological structure of Trabzon province is not suitable In 2001, the decisions taken in the Turkish Civil Code didn’t for agriculture, a large part of the land can not be used for prevent the disintegration of agricultural land (T. C. Offical cultivation purposes. Especially when important agricultural land Gazette, 2001). For this reason, in Turkey, "Law on Soil areas are located in coastal areas, people search for new habitats Protection and Land Use, Law No:5403” was issued in 2005 which leads to the creating of important agricultural land to (T.C. Offical Gazette, 2005). The purpose of the "Law on Soil construction. The agricultural land class maps of 1996, obtained Protection and Land Use" determine procedures and principles from the General Directorate of Agricultural Reform shows that that provides conservation and development of soils, important agricultural land areas has more precedence in classification of agricultural land, determination of minimum and Trabzon. But lack of alternative areas in recent years and sufficient agricultural land sizes and prevention of their division especially the creation of planned land areas cause agricultural and the planned use of agricultural land and sufficient income land to be used out of agriculture and this has led to a reduction agricultural land in accordance with environment priority of the existing productive agricultural land areas. On the other sustainable development principle (T.C. Offical Gazette, 2005). hand, in recent years especially in the province of Trabzon, rapid In this context, it is aimed to protect the soil. urbanization process and activities and determining the form of land use the creation of planned areas such as industry, tourism The average between 50 and 100 thousand hectares of land every in the plateaus has led to an increase in non-agricultural use. year in Turkey is exposed to non-agricultural use departing from However, the result of the use of agricultural land areas for non- agricultural production (xxxxx). In particular, in the evaluation agricultural purposes such as urbanization, industry and tourism of use agricultural areas covering the years 2004-2013 carried out reveal the danger of extinction so that there is no recycling of by Turkish Statistical Institute, it has been determined that 27.8 agricultural land. million decares of agricultural land are left out of production in Turkey (TUIK,2016). As long as the agricultural use of the In the province of Trabzon selected as the pilot region in the agricultural land areas continues in our country, the limited study, non-agricultural uses in land use capability, creation of amount of fertile agricultural land areas will decrease rapidly and new living spaces, the creation of planned lands within economic destroyed. At this point, at the 2023 target of the Ministry of purposes such as tourism, industry has been carried out. Ministry Development has report of the Working Group on the Sustainable of Food, Agriculture and Livestock Provincial Directorate of *Corresponding author This contribution has been peer-reviewed. The double-blind peer-review was conducted on the basis of the full paper. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-4-W4-167-2017 | © Authors 2017. CC BY 4.0 License. 167 ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume IV-4/W4, 2017 4th International GeoAdvances Workshop, 14–15 October 2017, Safranbolu, Karabuk, Turkey Trabzon have provided Datas belonging to agricultural land areas. As the spatial data in the execution of the work, earth maps and satellite images of different years are used. Spatial datas of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree agricultural land subject to the study is evaluated using the soil map produced in 1996. The satellite images that temporal changes can be analyzed are provided satellite images from 2002, 2005, 2009, and 2017 located in Google Earth program. In the point of providing the spatial data on the obtained images, digitization were done using Geographic Information Systems and Google Earth program jointly. The amount of increase in the construction was calculated by taking into account the regions where the temporal change is most observed through the spatial data and the size of the progression from the coastal parts of the new settlement to the rural areas and plateau has been examined. Spatiotemporal changes depending on years were examined and current situation at major small locations are examined with as a case study. 2.MATERIAL AND METHODS 2.1. Study area This study was carried out in the province of Trabzon, which is one of the largest cities in the eastern Black Sea region of north east Turkey. The province is located between the eastern Figure 2. Trabzon land use capability classification map meridian of 380 30'- 400 30' and the northern paralel of 40030'- 41030 '. The area selected as the pilot zone is shown in Figure 1. The surface area of these lands was calculated with the help of the program. In order to determine the extent to which the construction has increased based on the images available in 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2017, the existing spatial datas were transferred to Google Earth and the constructions are digitized using Google Earth and ArcGIS program together. All datas were then Turkey integrated into the ArcGIS 10.4 program to create a spatial database. The database of the GIS layer showing the land use capability of Trabzon province was shown in Figure 3. In this TRABZON context, the locations of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree agricultural land were searched through questionnaires in the related database (Figure 3). Figure 1. Study area 2.2. Data acquisition and regulation In this study, it was examined the impact of construction on the agricultural lands both urban and rural areas, and also plateau especially in relation to tourism in Trabzon Province. Temporal change analysis were performed using land maps and satellite images. For this purpose, relevant spatial datas were evaluated in ArcGIS 10.4 software. In this context, the land data was provided from the Provincial Directorate of Agriculture of Trabzon in 1996 and satellite images for 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2017 were provided via Google Earth program. First of all, datas on agricultural lands taken from the Provincial Directorate of Agriculture have been arranged. On the spatial data with the help of the map of classes of agricultural lands called land use capability classification map, agricultural lands have been Figure 3. Trabzon land use capability classification database on identified and the degrees of these fields have been added to the ArcGIS software st nd rd attribute table (I., II, III.). 1 , 2 and 3 degree agricultural lands were divided into separate layers on the remaining agricultural When the data of agricultural land classification of Trabzon land using ArcGIS 10.4 software (Figure 2).
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