10 June 1999 Source: http://www.seas.gwu.edu/seas/institutes/cpi/library/docs/cpi-1999-02.pdf Growing Development of Foreign Encryption Products in the Face of U. S. Export Regulations Lance J. Hoffman David M. Balenson Karen A. Metivier-Carreiro Anya Kim Matthew G. Mundy June 10, 1999 Report GWU-CPI-1999-02 Cyberspace Policy Institute The George Washington University School of Engineering and Applied Science 2033 K St. NW Suite 340 . Washington, DC 20006 Phone: 202.994.5512 . Fax: 202.994.5505 Website: http://www.seas.gwu.edu/seas/institutes/cpi/ Email:
[email protected] GROWING DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN ENCRYPTION PRODUCTS IN THE FACE OF U.S. EXPORT REGULATIONS Lance J. Hoffman* David M. Balenson** Karen A. Metivier-Carreiro* Anya Kim* Matthew G. Mundy** June 10, 1999 Report No. GWU-CPI-1999-02 *Cyberspace Policy Institute, School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC **NAI Labs, The Security Research Division of Network Associates, Inc., Glenwood, MD This research was supported in part by Americans for Computer Privacy (ACP). EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Development of cryptographic products outside the United States is not only continuing but is expanding to additional countries; with rapid growth of the Internet, communications-related cryptography especially is experiencing high growth, especially in electronic mail, virtual private network, and IPsec products. This report surveys encryption products developed outside the United States and provides some information on the effect of the United States export control regime on American and foreign manufacturers. We have identified 805 hardware and/or software products incorporating cryptography manufactured in 35 countries outside the United States.