Introduction to Changing Life

Changing Life: 2 10 Q.1. (A) i. (C) ii. (D) iii. (B) iv. (A) (B) The incorrect pair is: Kapil Dev Billiards The corrected pair is: Kapil Dev Cricket Q.2. (A) i. Objective of Newspapers Shape up public Directing public Carry out public Keep a watch on opinion opinion towards education government machinery constructive work and lead it. ii. Raising funds for draught Raising funds for flood affected people. affected people. The newly added functions of the newspapers Organizing or sponsoring Helping meritorious students from lower cultural programmes income groups for higher education (B) i. a. India has been participating in Asiad and Olympic games. b. At the Olympics (of 2000), Karnam Malleswari won a medal for weight-lifting. c. She was the first Indian woman to win a medal at the Olympics. d. Thereafter, India’s representation began to rise in various Olympic Games such as hockey, badminton, tennis, swimming, weight lifting and archery. ii. a. Theatre and films are considered as important aspects of Indian life. b. Initially, plays were very long, sometimes running through an entire night. c. But now, the form, technique and duration of plays have undergone a great change. d. People from different walks of life participate in the dramas. e. On one hand, the importance of ‘Musicals’ has declined. On the other hand, the political and social subjects have replaced the earlier mythological and historical themes. Q.3. (A) i. a. The age of black and white movies has been succeeded by the age of coloured movies. With this, film shooting locales have moved abroad and hence viewers can now watch different exotic places in foreign countries. b. Not only this, the movies in foreign languages are even translated these days. During the screening of English movies, a short Hindi translation now appears on the screen as sub-titles. c. Hindi movies are now in the position to compete with ‘global’ movies as they have reached every nook and corner of the world. 1 Std. IX: Perfect Notes History and Political Science d. Also a reflection of political, social events, industry and technology can be seen in the movies. e. The 3-4 hours long movies are now of one or one and a half hour. Also, the concept of one screen and one cinema hall has given way to multiplexes. f. The trend of showcasing a movie that runs for 100 weeks in one cinema hall is over. Now, one movie runs in thousands of cinema halls in India and abroad simultaneously. h. The movie industry in regional languages is also thriving. g. The production of movies has attained the status of industry. The industry now employs crores of people. This development has changed the economy of movies. ii. a. In 1983, it was a historic victory when the Indian cricket team won the World Cup, under the captainship of Kapil Dev. b. In the same year, Sunil Gavaskar broke the earlier record of maximum centuries in test cricket. c. In 1985, India won the ‘Benson and Hedges’ World Championship of cricket. d. These events gained a lot of popularity for the game throughout the nation. Due to this, cricket came to be played in all States to a lesser or greater extent. (B) i. a. The languages used in Nagaland include Angami, Sema, Lotha, Eo, Rengma, Chakhesang, Kheza, Sangtam, Pochuri, Chang, Konyak, Yimchunger, Phom, Zeliang Semi, Khiamniungan, Kuki-Chiru, Liangmai, Tikhir and Makuri. b. The consequence of the variety of languages used in Nagaland was that Kohima Radio Station had to make its broadcasts in 25 languages which included English, Hindi, Naga dialects and 16 Naga languages. ii. a. The official languages in India are Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, Assamese, Kannad, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Odiya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Telugu, Tamil, Urdu, Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali and Sindhi. b. The above mentioned languages also have dialects. However, their number is now on the decline. c. Due to globalization, the English language is gaining importance in India. Learning English helps in getting job opportunities. Therefore more and more Indians are learning English. This process may result into endangering the existence of the regional languages. d. As these regional languages and dialects are a vital part of Indian culture, timely measures must be taken to nurture them and keep them alive. Q.4 i. In Olympic sports like hockey, badminton, tennis, swimming, weightlifting and archery India’s representation has risen. ii. In 1985, India won the ‘Benson and Hedges’ world championship of cricket. iii. a. Geet Sethi achieved global excellence in snooker, a variation of billiards. b. At the age of 15, he won the national championship of billiards for teenagers. Q.5 i. a. Initially, newspapers were black and white and with changing times, the colour printing became common. b. Initially, newspapers were thought to be the mouthpieces of the taluka or district. But, now their competition is with the State level newspaper chains. c. Newspaper functioned with following objectives: 1. Shape up public opinion, 2. Directing public opinion towards constructive work and lead it. 3. Carry out public education, 4. Keep a watch on Government machinery, etc. d. During the early post-independence period the functions of the newspaper included giving news of daily events, printing advertisements for promoting industry and commerce. e. Newspapers also include activities like: 1. Raising funds for drought affected and flood affected people, 2. Helping meritorious students from lower income groups to go for higher education 3. Organizing or sponsoring cultural programmes. f. Today newspapers are an inseparable part of our lives. 22 Chapter 10: Changing Life: 2 ii. a. Television was introduced in India during the post-independence period. b. Initially, it was black and white and now it is coloured. c. Earlier it was limited to some selected programmes and fixed time-slots. Later, its scope enlarged to include educational programmes, news bulletins, detailed reporting of the tours of the President and the Prime Minister, etc. d. The telecast of Ramayana and Mahabharat, proved the popularity of this medium. e. Thereafter in 1991, CNN channel broadcasted a live visual reporting of the Iraq war to the entire world. At this stage the world of Indian news channels changed completely. f. Then in 1998, STAR (Satellite Television Asia Region) a private media house entered India, and the uninteresting, monotonous and propagandist news telecasts of the early period changed totally. g. The language, the technique of presentation, studios that are equipped with the latest technology and the use of OB (outdoor broadcasting) vans have expanded the scope of Indian T.V. channels and brought in transparency and variety. h. Due to television, each and every region is now connected; which has created an impact on politics. The above changes are observed in the medium of television. 3 .

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