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多媒体通信 专题：数码相机技术的前生今世 2014年10月12日 专题：数码相机技术 历史：从小孔成像到电子成像 结构：数码相机的结构与原理 功能：数码相机的功能特性 分析：数码相机主要模块的技术分析 未来：小型化高质量数码相机？ 2 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 专题：数码相机技术 历史：从小孔成像到电子成像 结构：数码相机的结构与原理 镜头模块的构成 感光元件面积 数码单反 功能：数码相机的功能特性 分析：数码相机主要模块的技术分析 未来：小型化高质量数码相机？ 4 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 传统相机成像过程 传统相机成像过程： 1.经过镜头把景物影象聚焦在胶片上 2.胶片上的感光剂随光发生变化 3.胶片上受光后变化了的感光剂经显影液显影和定影 形 成和景物相反或色彩互补的影象 5 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 小孔成像照相机 理论上来说，任何一个开了小孔 的密封盒子都是一台原始的相机 。但这个原始相机最多只能算是 半个， 当太阳下山一切重归黑暗 ，我们依然一无所有。这是一台 没胶卷的相机 - 无法记录。 1826年，人类历史上第一张照片，一个农村房子局部 1826年的一天，法国人尼埃普斯（ Joseph Nièpce,1765~1833）终于找 到了第一种胶卷 – 沥青。他把感光后 能变硬的白沥青涂在锡合金板上，装 进暗箱里对着窗外曝光了8小时，得 到了人类历史上第一张照片，内容是 天空下一个农村房子局部。由于感光 时间太长且影像模糊，他的发明未能 《数码时代旅游摄影快速指南》 6 得以推广。 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.midphoto.com/chinese/essays/photobook/photographyreview.htm 摄影底片在原材料和感光度两方面不断进 展 1826年的一天，法国人尼埃普斯找到了第一种胶卷：沥青。 1839年，法国人达盖尔用碘化银替代白沥青，用镀有碘化银的钢 板在暗箱里进行曝光，以水银蒸汽进行显影，再以海波溶液定影， 最后得到了十分清晰的金属照片。银版摄影曝光大约需要 10到 30分 钟。 1844年，英国人塔尔博特（William Henry Fox Talbot，British, 1800–1877)发明的卡罗法”(Colotype)摄影术具有更大的意义，虽然 卡罗法在初期清晰度比不上银版法，但它是有底片的，可以无限复 制。曝光时间只要3到5分钟。 1851年伦敦人阿切尔（Frederick Scott Archer，1813 -1857）发明了 （碘化银混合的）火棉胶（Collodion）摄影法，又称湿板摄影法（ Wet Plate Process）。湿板法进一步降低了底片成本，而且曝光时间 减少到了一分钟之内。 到了1871年之后，干版法替代了湿板，并将曝光时间进一步缩短 为1/25秒（室外光线下）。巨大的进步啊。1/25秒意味着可以手持相 机了。 《数码时代旅游摄影快速指南》 7 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.midphoto.com/chinese/essays/photobook/photographyreview.htm 现代相机：135相机 1914 年，在德国莱兹( Leitz) 显微镜厂工作的工程师巴纳克 （Oskar Barnack）制造了世界第一台使用35毫米胶卷的135 相机，这就是大名鼎鼎的莱卡原型机Ur – Leica。从此那些 笨重的木头箱子开始被抛弃，精密机械和光学的产物135相 机开始一统天下。 刚开始是以莱卡为代表的旁轴 莱卡原型机Ur – Leica 取景135相机，到1948年，东 1914年 德蔡司（Zeiss）公司生产出一 种取景和拍摄可以共用一个镜 头的135相机，这就是我们现在 用的单镜头反光照相机，简称 单反。 《数码时代旅游摄影快速指南》 8 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.midphoto.com/chinese/essays/photobook/photographyreview.htm 135相机的终结 1969年，美国贝尔实验室的两位科学家 波义尔博士和史密斯博士发现有一种半 导体对光线非常敏感，一照它就会产生 电子信号。这种光敏半导体被取名叫做 CCD，Charge Coupled Device，电荷耦 合器。光敏半导体（电子感光器）有多 种，CCD是其中一种，其他常见的还有 CMOS，Foveon的X3等等。 1975年，柯达公司的赛尚先生 (Steven Sasson)研制出了第一台数码相机。这 台相机的CCD只有一万像素，电源是16 节五号电池，存储卡是普通录音磁带， 相机重约四公斤。 9 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.midphoto.com/chinese/essays/photobook/photographyreview.htm DC走向应用：从5寸照片起步 里程碑事件：Nikon Coolpix 950, 200万像素DC，1999年2月 表中的数据为DPI 照片打印质量：300 DPI 5寸照片：5 inch * 3.5 inch 分辨率：1500 * 1050 人眼的视觉敏锐度 line pairs per millimeter 30 lp/mm152 DPI 现状 佳能（Canon） EOS 1DX+（16-35）+（24-70）+（70-200）套机；京东价：￥76699.00；有效像素：1810 万 尼康（Nikon） D3X 单反机身；京东价：￥48009.00；有效像素：2450 万 10 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 数码相机发明者把自己送进博物馆131岁 柯达转型失败申请破产保护 1880年，乔治·伊士曼创立了柯达公司，并在第二年发明胶卷， 1888年第一部柯达照相机上市，开启大众摄影新时代。 1975年，柯达公司研制出了第一台数码相机。 2012年1月19日，伊士曼-美国柯达公司，正式依据美国《破产 法》第11章提出破产保护申请。 11 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 小结：从小孔成像到电子成像 1826年，人类第一张照片，白沥青曝光8小时 碘化银（ 10到 30分钟）、卡罗法（3到5分钟）、湿板摄 影法（一分钟之内）、干版法（1/25秒） 1914年，第一台使用35毫米胶卷的135相机 1975年，柯达公司研制出了第一台数码相机 1999年，Nikon 出品200万像素的DC 12 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 专题：数码相机技术 历史：从小孔成像到电子成像 结构：数码相机的结构与原理 镜头模块的构成 IR Blocking Filter Anti-Aliasing Filter Bayer Color Filter Pattern 感光元件面积 数码单反 功能：数码相机的功能特性 分析：数码相机主要模块的技术分析 未来：小型化高质量数码相机？ 13 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn The Interior of a Digital Camera 14 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn https://www.fas.org/irp/imint/docs/rst/Intro/Part2_5a.html How a Digital Camera Operates IR Blocking Filter Anti-Aliasing Filter 镜头模块 图像传感器模块 影像处理模块 15 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn https://www.fas.org/irp/imint/docs/rst/Intro/Part2_5a.html IR Blocking Filter 红外线截止滤镜 是为了保证色彩 还原准确，避免 在正常拍摄时因 为红外线干扰产 生噪点。 17 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://dew.globalsystemsscience.org/tools/digital-cameras-overview/light-inside-a-digital-camera Why need IR blocking filter Bayer滤镜的概念稍后解释 18 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.ir-photo.net/ir_imaging.html 去除红外滤镜的效果 near infrared image Canon PowerShot SD400 Infrared Cut-off Filter Removal Removing this filter makes the camera sensitive to near-infrared, and replacing it with a filter that blocks visible light but is transparent to near-infrared light allows for infrared photography. 19 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.mpetroff.net/archives/2012/01/02/canon-powershot-sd400-infrared-cut-off-filter-removal/ 红外相片的艺术效果 20 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 红外波段 近红外线 波长范围是0.7-1.3微米。中红外线的波长范围是1.3-3 微米。近红外线和中红外线应用到各种电子设备中，例如遥控器 。热红外线波长范围是3-30微米。热红外线与其他两种红外线的 主要区别是，热红外线是由物体发射出来的，而不是从物体上反 射出来的。 21 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.healthmatesauna.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14&Itemid=121 CES 2014： Flir One Flir One是一款热成像设备，它可以探测周围物体散发出的热量 并转换成电子信号在手机屏幕上显示，充满电可以使用4个小时 ，当手机没电的时候还能当做备用电源为手机充电。目前Flir One只适用iPhone 5和5S，售价为350美元。 22 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.flir.com/flirone/ 抗混叠滤波器 摩尔纹（印刷业俗称网纹） The purpose of the anti-aliasing filter (AA) is to reduce the effects of color Moiré patterns that occur from a Bayer sensor. Moiré patterns are derived from aliasing. http://www.btobey.com/nikon/nikon-d800e.php 23 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/showthread.php?t=14988 Bayer Color Filter Pattern Sensor3彩色数字相机需要3个单色sensor获得彩色图 像的R，G，B分量，成本较高。单CCD获得彩色图像 的方法是在 CCD表面覆盖1个只含红、绿、蓝3色的马 赛克滤镜，对其输出信号通过一定的处理算法实现。 这个设计理念最初由拜尔提出，所以这种滤镜也被称 作拜尔模板 (bayer pattern)。 由于每个像素只感知一种颜色（一种色谱），一个 彩色图像感知器的整体感知度比单色（全色）感知器 的感知度要低，实际中一般要低到3倍。所以，单色感 知器在光线不佳的情况下表现要好得多，例如安全摄 像机。 24 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 全部像素点R、G、B的获取 When the image sensor is read out, line by line, the pixel sequence comes out GRGRGR, etc., and then the alternate line sequence is BGBGBG, etc. This output is called sequential RGB (or sRGB). To convert an image from the bayer format to an RGB per pixel format, we need to interpolate the two missing color values in each pixel. T. Sakamoto, C. Nakanishi and T. Hase, “Software pixel interpolation26 for digital still cameras suitable {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn for a 32-bit MCU,” IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 44, no. 4, November 1998. 单一Image Sensor获取彩色的其他途径 Foveon X3 sensor, using an array of Foveon X3是全球第一款可以在 一个像素上捕捉全部色彩的图 像传感器。通常采用CCD或者 layered pixel sensors, separating light CMOS的数码相机是在同一像素 上只可记录RGB三种颜色中的 via the inherent wavelength- 一种，而Foveon X3采用三层感 光元件，每层记录RGB的其中 dependent absorption property of 一个颜色通道。 silicon, such that every location senses all three color channels. 传统的光电耦合器件只能感应光线强度，不能感应色彩信息，需 要通过滤色镜来感应色彩信息，我们称之为Bayer滤镜。而Foveon X3在一个像素上通过不同的深度来感应色彩，最表面一层感应蓝 色、第二层可以感应绿色，第三层感应红色。它是根据硅对不同 Bayer filter sensor, 波长光线的吸收效应来达到一个像素感应全部色彩信息，目前已 经有了使用这种技术的CMOS图像传感器，其应用产品是“Sigma low-cost and most SD9”数码相机。 common. 日本Sigma公司采 用Foveon X3技术 制造数码单反相机 27 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 小结：镜头模块 红外线截止滤镜 抗混叠滤波器 彩色的获取 Bayer滤镜 Foveon X3 28 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 专题：数码相机技术 历史：从小孔成像到电子成像 结构：数码相机的结构与原理 镜头模块的构成 感光元件面积 数码单反 功能：数码相机的功能特性 分析：数码相机主要模块的技术分析 未来：小型化高质量数码相机？ 29 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 图像尺寸和像素数的关系示意图 http://www.canon.com.cn/products/dczhinan/1_05.html 30 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn Photon Rain In the analogy of the photon rain filling buckets, larger the bucket, the more drops that can be collected in a given amount of time. This is important for a very fundamental reason: the accuracy of the signal measured is directly proportional to the size of the signal. 31 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn http://www.clarkvision.com/articles/does.pixel.size.matter/ DC：感光元件面积 半画幅说法的由来 36*24=864 24*16=384 APS: Advanced Photo System 全画幅:数码相机中CCD/CMOS尺寸面 积达到了35mm的面积的 32 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 全画幅vs.APS-C: 2款NIKON DSLR Nikon D7000 单反套机 ￥10000 传感器尺寸 23.6 x 15.6 mm CMOS 分辨率 4,928 x 3,264 镜头特性 SWM(超声波对焦马达) 镜头描述 AF-S DX 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR II 焦距 18-200mm（等效27-300mm） 滤镜直径 72mm 对焦系统 自动对焦 尼康 Multi-CAM 4800DX 自动对焦模块具备 TTL 相位侦测，39 个对焦点（包括 9 个十字型感应器）；侦测范 围： 到 ° ° 对焦模式 自动对焦 1/2.7" 5.27x3.93mm -1 +19 EV (ISO 100 20 C/68 F) 1) 1/1.8" 7.18x5.32mm (AF): 单次伺服AF(AF-S); 连续伺服AF(AF-C); 自动伺服AF(AF-A), 2/3" 18x13.5mm 2) 手动对焦(M) APS-C 23x16mm APS-H 28.7x19.1mm APS 36x24mm 尼康（Nikon） D4s 单反机身 ￥40000 传感器描述 36.0 × 23.9mm CMOS 图像处理系统 EXPEED4 对焦系统 尼康高级Multi-CAM 3500FX 自动对焦 感应器模组 33 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 全画幅DSLR Digital Single Lens Reflex Camera 尼康（Nikon） D610 单反套机 ￥15000 传感器描述 35.9×24.0mm CMOS 对焦系统 39 个对焦点（包括9 个十字型感应器） 镜头 尼康 AF-S Nikkor 24-85mm f/3.5-4.5G ED VR 滤镜直径 72mm 镜头特性 尼康内部对焦系统(IF)，宁静波动马达控制 自动对焦，手动对焦使用独立对焦环 连拍速度6幅/秒 重量 约760g（仅机身） 佳能（Canon） EOS 6D 单反套机 ￥14000 传感器尺寸 约35.8×23.9mm 图像处理系统 DIGIC 5+数字影像处理器 镜头描述 EF 24-105mm f/4L IS USM标准变焦镜头 焦距 24-105mm 光圈范围 F4 滤镜直径 77mm 连拍速度 连拍：最高约4.5张/秒 重量 约675g（仅机身） 34 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 2款APS-C画幅NIKON DSLR Nikon D3200 单反套机 ￥3000 传感器尺寸 23.2 x 15.4 mm CMOS 传感器 分辨率 6,016 x 4,000 图像处理系统 EXPEED 3 镜头描述 AF-S DX 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G VR II尼克尔镜头 焦距 18-55mm（等效焦距：27-82.5mm） 滤镜直径 52mm 数据接口 USB 2.0，视频输出，C 型HDMI 1/2.7" 5.27x3.93mm 1/1.8" 7.18x5.32mm 2/3" 18x13.5mm Nikon D3300 单反相机套机 ￥5000 APS-C 23x16mm 有效像素 2,416 万 APS-H 28.7x19.1mm APS 36x24mm 传感器尺寸 23.5 × 15.6mm CMOS 传感器 图像处理系统 EXPEED 4 镜头描述 AF-S DX 尼克尔 18-105mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR 滤镜直径 67mm 数据接口 高速USB、C 型HDMI 35 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn DC：感光元件面积 数码相机CCD/CMOS面积大小与数码相机的成像质 量有直接关系，常以CCD/CMOS尺寸来划分档次。 数码相机制造业界通用的规范是：1英寸大小=长12.8×宽9.6mm对角线为 16mm的4：3比例传感器所对应的面积。[ 注意: 不是通常的25.5mm 1英寸] APS画幅常指APS-C 36 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 2款NIKON卡片机 NIKON Coolpix S3500 约￥500 光学变焦倍数 7倍 焦距（相当于35mm） 26-182 mm 镜头类型 伸缩式（尼克尔镜头） 传感器尺寸 1/2.3英寸 最大分辨率 5152 x 3864 数据接口 A/V输出；USB 1/2.7" 5.27x3.93mm 1/1.8" 7.18x5.32mm Nikon COOLPIX S6600 数码相机 ￥1800 2/3" 18x13.5mm 光学变焦倍数 倍 APS-C 23x16mm 12 APS-H 28.7x19.1mm 焦距（相当于35mm） 25-300mm APS 36x24mm 光圈范围 f/3.3-6.3 镜头类型 伸缩式 传感器尺寸 1/2.3英寸 最大分辨率 4608 x 3456 数据接口 A/V输出；USB；HDMI输出 附加功能 Wi-Fi（无线局域网络）标准：IEEE 802.11b/g/n (标准无线局域网络协议) 37 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 小结：感光元件面积 1/2.7" 5.27x3.93mm 1/1.8" 7.18x5.32mm 消费级DC 2/3" 18x13.5mm APS-C 23x16mm 半画幅/APS画幅 APS-H 28.7x19.1mm APS 36x24mm 全画幅 38 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 专题：数码相机技术 历史：从小孔成像到电子成像 结构：数码相机的结构与原理 镜头模块的构成 感光元件面积 数码单反 功能：数码相机的功能特性 分析：数码相机主要模块的技术分析 未来：小型化高质量数码相机？ 39 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 旁轴取景 40 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 单反数码 41 {ynh,cxh}@ustc.edu.cn 两类构造不同的数码相机 光学取景
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    ORDER NO. DSC1605004CE B26 Digital Camera/Body/Lens Kit/Double Zoom Lens Kit Model No. DMC-GX80EB DMC-GX80EC DMC-GX80EE DMC-GX80EF DMC-GX80EG DMC-GX80KEB DMC-GX80KEC DMC-GX80KEE DMC-GX80KEF DMC-GX80KEG DMC-GX80WEB DMC-GX80WEF DMC-GX80WEG DMC-GX80CEC DMC-GX80HEC DMC-GX80HEF DMC-GX80HEG DMC-GX85P DMC-GX85PP DMC-GX85GC DMC-GX85GD DMC-GX85GH DMC-GX85GK DMC-GX85GN © Panasonic Corporation 2016 Unauthorized copy- ing and distribution is a violation of law. DMC-GX85GT DMC-GX85KGH DMC-GX85KP DMC-GX85KGN DMC-GX85KPP DMC-GX85WGK DMC-GX85KGC DMC-GX85CGC DMC-GX85KGD DMC-GX85CGK Colour [DMC-GX80/GX85] [DMC-GX80W/GX85W/GX80C/GX85C] (K)...........Black Type (K)...........Black Type (S)...........Silver Type (except EE) (S)...........Silver Type (T)...........Brown Type (except EE/EF/P/PP/GN) (T)...........Brown Type [DMC-GX80K/GX85K] [DMC-GX80H] (K)...........Black Type (K)...........Black Type (S)...........Silver Type (except EE) (S)...........Silver Type (T)...........Brown Type (except EE/P/PP/GN) DMC-GX80K/GX85K series: Interchangeable Lens (H-FS12032) is bundled. DMC-GX80W/GX85W series: Interchangeable Lens (H-FS12032/H-FS35100) are bundled. DMC-GX80C/GX85C series: Interchangeable Lens (H-H020A) is bundled. DMC-GX80H series: Interchangeable Lens (H-FS14140-KA) is bundled. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE PAGE 1 Safety Precautions----------------------------------------------- 4 13 Wiring Connection Diagram--------------------------------- 67 1.1. General Guidelines---------------------------------------- 4 13.1. Interconnection Diagram ------------------------------- 67 1.2. Leakage Current Cold Check--------------------------- 4 14 Schematic Diagram -------------------------------------------- 68 1.3. Leakage Current Hot Check (See Figure. 1) ------- 4 15 Printed Circuit Board ------------------------------------------ 68 1.4. How to Discharge the E.Capacitor on Flash 16 Exploded View and Replacement Parts List ----------- 68 P.C.B.
  • Imaging+Foto-Contact August 2004

    Imaging+Foto-Contact August 2004

    8/2004 g € 3,50 ISSN 1430 - 1121 33. Jahrgang G 30605 +foto http://www.foto-contact.de imagin GRÖSSTE FACHZEITSCHRIFT DER FOTOBRANCHE Europa’s bestes digitales Minilab Die Europa-Wahl 2004! Agfa d-lab.1 Ausgezeichnet von 30 europäischen Foto-Fach-Magazinen aus 12 Ländern. Die Basis für das Erfolgs-Urteil: Das All-in-one-Konzept Kleine Standfläche Hohe Print-Leistung Ausgezeichnete Bild-Qualität Dazu wirtschaftlicher Betrieb durch starke Benutzer- freundlichkeit Your Imaging Future Is Our Business inhalt Zum Titelbild: Canon stellt neue Produkt- familie von Druckern und Multifunktions- imaging+foto-contact-Interviews Canon hat mit Pixma systemen unter dem Namen Pixma vor eine neue Marke für Mit der neuen Marke Pixma will Drucker und Multi- Canon die große Nachfrage nach funktionsgeräte ins leistungsfähigen Fotodruckern Leben gerufen. ima- weiter steigern. Zunächst acht ging+foto-contact Modelle (vier Fotodrucker und sprach mit Harald vier Multifunktionssysteme) sol- Horn, Head of Con- len vom Start weg die Verbindung sumer Imaging bei von hervorragender Qualität mit Canon Deutschland, und Jürgen Schmitz, General Manager Marketing futuristischem Design sichtbar Consumer Imaging, über die Pixma Produktfamilie und ihre Bedeu- machen, die den Kern der neuen Markenstrategie bildet. Fünf neue tung für den Fotohandel. Seite 10 Geräte sind direktdruckfähig. Es ist kein Zufall, daß die neue Marke in Klang, Seit dem Frühjahr vergangenen Jahres Logo und Erscheinungsbild an das Er- unterstützt Epson den Fotohandel mit folgslabel Ixus erinnert, mit dem Canon zunächst bei APS und später einem speziellen Vertriebsteam bei der bei Digitalkameras außerordentlich erfolgreich war. Denn wie bei Vermarktung von Inkjet-Fotodruckern den legendären Kameras geht es auch bei den neuen Druckern um und Verbrauchsmaterialien.
  • I Am |The Nikon 1

    I Am |The Nikon 1

    I AM | THE NIKON 1 I AM THE NEW ADVANCED CAMERA WITH INTERCHANGEABLE LENS I AM | THE INTELLIGENT CAMERA The result is Nikon 1 — an intelligent camera Built to let you shoot images you would never have Nikon 1 system crafted to bring new levels of speed, believed possible, they can start recording simplicity and enjoyment to the way you capture images before you fully press the shutter button Every now and then a real game your world. and continue after you’ve clicked. changer comes along Astonishingly fast, stunningly compact and And we didn’t just focus on the new. In fact, when amazingly precise, both of our first-generation it came to crafting the cameras’ 1 mount system, we We could have done everything the easy way and used existing technology. Nikon 1 cameras put the power to shoot impressive drew on more than 50 years of expertise. But we decided to go back to the drawing board and re-imagine how cameras stills and movies right into the palm of your hand. are designed. The 1 mount is what allows you to use the Nikon 1 Exceptionally intuitive to use, they offer fully system’s range of interchangeable 1 NIKKOR automatic operation. lenses. Engineered to ensure each lens communi- cates perfectly with the camera, it enables still Equipped with the fastest autofocus system1 in the image and movie recording without compromise. world and a high-speed image processor, they ensure the best possible shots in any situation. 1 The world’s shortest shooting time lag (as determined by Nikon performance tests).

  • Winter Meltdown Event

    WINTER MELTDOWN EVENT 83 YEARS IN BUSINESS Internet WE PAY YOUR Pricing! Y 12 MONTHS XT DA NO INTEREST NE Cardinal Camera will pay your sales tax on all camera purchases in the form of store credit. FORSALES TAX FINANCING G SHIPPIN Excludes lenses and flashes FREE 3 DAYS ONLY! January 24-25-26 UP TO Since 1937 CHARLOTTE OPEN ARBORETUM 50% OFF SUNDAYS SHOPPING CENTER next to Harris Teeter ENTIRE 3351 Pineville Matthews Rd. Suite 100 Charlotte STORE 704-541-7488 www.cardinalcamera.com 2 DAYS ONLY! Manufacturers reps SONY’S BIGGEST SALE JANUARY 24-25 FREE CAMERA showing the latest in OF THE YEAR CLEANING digital cameras and lenses. SAVE UP TO $700 Sensor Cleaning $49.99 SONY a9 $500 instant rebate plus Lens Calibrations $200 trade in rebate = $700 $19.99 SONY a7rmIV $300 extra trade in allowance SONY a7rmIII $300 instant rebate plus extra $200 trade in CA$H FOR CAMERAS FUJI allowance = $500 BRING IN YOUR USED CAMERA Up to $250 extra trade in GEAR PLUS YOUR USED APPLE PRODUCTS allowance on SONY LENSES SONY 100-400mm, SONY 200-600 Bring in your old gear and get 2 DAYS ONLY! CASH or an additional 10% in CARDINAL CREDIT 2 DAYS ONLY! SONY 16-35mm, SONY 24-70mm when buying a new camera or lens. JANUARY 24-25 JANUARY 24-25 SONY 24mm 1.4mm and many more FREE ALL FOOD MAJOR FREE EXPO SEMINARS AGES CLEARANCE SATURDAY, JANUARY 25TH SALE Selling Brand New, 8:30am Camera Essentials 1 - You have a DSLR now Classes taught by Tony Ulchar Overstocks, what? How to get better photos from your camera Open Boxed, 11:00am Light It Up Flash Class - How to create great Clearance and Demo portraits using flash.
  • I AM the NIKON 1 Nikon 1 in Vliegende Vaart

    I AM the NIKON 1 Nikon 1 in Vliegende Vaart

    I AM THE NIKON 1 Nikon 1 In vliegende vaart De Nikon 1 is meer dan een Aangezien Nikon’s EXPEED 3A- zomaar een nieuw type camera. beeldverwerkingsengine Deze systeemcamera vormt een van de volgende generatie is volledig nieuwe manier om de uitgerust met twee processors, snelheid van het leven vast te worden gegevens ongeloofl ijk leggen. Onze kleine, snelle en snel verwerkt. De camera is krachtige Nikon 1-systeemcamera’s uitzonderlijk snel, waardoor u combineren intelligentie en schitterende beelden en Full HD- schoonheid met topsnelheden, fi lms kunt opnemen op nieuwe, zodat u gedenkwaardige interessante manieren. En dankzij momenten in uw drukke leven draadloze overdrachtsmethoden gemakkelijk kunt vastleggen in kunt u de hoogwaardige foto’s die levendige beelden. u maakt gemakkelijk delen. 2 | I AM THE SPEED OF LIFE De supersnelle CMOS-sensor beschikt over Naast al deze technologische hoog- objectieven die speciaal zijn vervaardigd een groot aantal megapixels en een hoge standjes heeft de onweerstaanbare voor de Nikon 1 AW1. Bovendien ISO-lichtgevoeligheid voor gedetailleerdere Nikon 1 AW1 een waterdichte, schok- werkt de volledige reeks 1 NIKKOR- opnamen bij weinig licht. Nikon’s geavan- bestendige, stofdichte en vorstbesten- objectieven perfect samen met alle ceerde hybride autofocussysteem staat dige constructie. Met een robuuste Nikon 1-camera’s, zodat u foto’s en fi lms garant voor ’s werelds kortste ontspanvertra- voorkant van roestvrij staal ziet deze kunt vastleggen zonder concessies ging1 en biedt een verbluff end nauwkeurige camera er prachtig uit, ligt hij stevig in te hoeven doen. Met behulp van de AF-tracking met een grote dekking over de hand en kunt u hem letterlijk overal optionele FT1 vattingadapter kunt u ook het hele beeld.
  • Nikon D5100 Teardown Guide ID: 5271 - Draft: 2013-08-06

    Nikon D5100 Teardown Guide ID: 5271 - Draft: 2013-08-06

    Nikon D5100 Teardown Guide ID: 5271 - Draft: 2013-08-06 Nikon D5100 Teardown Nikon D5100 teardown. Written By: Walter Galan This document was generated on 2020-11-16 10:30:00 AM (MST). © iFixit — CC BY-NC-SA www.iFixit.com Page 1 of 15 Nikon D5100 Teardown Guide ID: 5271 - Draft: 2013-08-06 INTRODUCTION It seems as though all the hot new electronics these days are tablet-this, phone-that. Frankly, our engineers had enough. Their spudgers were getting soft; we needed to do something that would present a *challenge* and get them sharp again -- none of the take-off-a-display-to-find-a- motherboard baloney. We knew exactly where to turn. We've done a set of Nikon D70 repair guides in the past, and we saw how difficult it was to take apart an SLR. What better way to infuse a bit of fun in our teardowns than taking apart another SLR? So, in the name of science and all that is right in this world, let's see what's inside the brand-new Nikon D5100! TOOLS: Tweezers (1) Phillips #00 Screwdriver (1) iFixit Opening Tools (1) Soldering Iron (1) This document was generated on 2020-11-16 10:30:00 AM (MST). © iFixit — CC BY-NC-SA www.iFixit.com Page 2 of 15 Nikon D5100 Teardown Guide ID: 5271 - Draft: 2013-08-06 Step 1 — Nikon D5100 Teardown We here at iFixit are very fond of cameras. It is our pleasure to provide our fans with what we believe will be an amazing teardown.
  • DSLR Still Images Features Guide

    DSLR Still Images Features Guide

    DSLR Still Images Features Guide PERFORMANCE TO IGNITE YOUR PASSION AT-A-GLANCE D4S D810 Df D750 D610 D7100 D5500 D5300 D3300 RESOLUTION 36.3MP CMOS 24.1MP CMOS 24.2MP CMOS 24.2MP CMOS 24.2MP CMOS Sensor Resolution 16.2MP CMOS 16.2MP CMOS 24.3MP CMOS 24.3MP CMOS No OLPF No OLPF No OLPF No OLPF No OLPF IMAGE PROCESSING Processor EXPEED 4 EXPEED 4 EXPEED 3 EXPEED 4 EXPEED 3 EXPEED 3 EXPEED 4 EXPEED 4 EXPEED 4 ISO RANGE Standard and 100-25.600 64-12,800 100-12,800 100-12,800 100-6,400 100-6,400 100-12,800 100-12,800 100-25,600 Extended Range (50-409,600) (32-51,200) (204,800) (50-51,200) (25,600) (25,600) (25,600) (25,600) METERING SYSTEM 3D Color Matrix III 3D Color Matrix III 3D Color Matrix III 3D Color Matrix II 3D Color Matrix II 3D Color Matrix II 3D Color Matrix II 3D Color Matrix II 3D Color Matrix II using 91k using 91k using 91k using 2,016 using 2,016 using 2,016 using 2016 Pixel using 2016 Pixel using 420-Pixel RGB Sensor RGB Sensor RGB Sensor RGB Sensor RGB Sensor RGB Sensor RGB Sensor RGB Sensor RGB Sensor Center Weighted Center Weighted Center Weighted Center Weighted Center Weighted Center Weighted Center Weighted Center Weighted Center Weighted Spot Spot Spot Spot Spot Spot Spot Spot Spot Highlight Weighted Highlight Weighted SCENE RECOGNITION SYSTEM Advanced Scene Scene Advanced Scene Advanced Scene Scene Recognition Scene Recognition Scene Recognition Scene Recognition Scene Recognition Recognition Recognition Recognition Recognition System System System System System System System System System EXPOSURE COMPENSATION ±5
  • Digital Quick Dial CAMERAS DIGITAL 61 PHOTOGRAPHY

    Digital Quick Dial CAMERAS DIGITAL 61 PHOTOGRAPHY

    Digital Quick Dial CAMERAS DIGITAL 61 PHOTOGRAPHY EasyShare CX-7300 #KOCX7300 PhotoSmart 435 #HEPS435 D-395 #OLD395 $9995 $12995 $12995 • 3.2 Megapixel • 1/2.7” CCD • 3.1 Megapixel • 3.2 Megapixel • 2080 x 1544 Maximum • 1/2.7” CCD • 1/2.7” CCD Pixel Recording Mode • 2048 x 1536 Maximum • 2048 x 1536 Maximum • Optical Viewfinder Pixel Recording Mode Pixel Recording Mode & 1.6” LCD Monitor • Optical Viewfinder • Optical Viewfinder • f/4.7 (35mm equiv. 37mm) Lens & 1.5” LCD Monitor & 1.8” LCD Monitor • SD/MMC Card Slot (16MB Internal Memory) • 5.7mm f/2.8 (35mm equiv. 36mm) Lens • 5mm f/2.8 (35mm equiv. 33mm) Lens • 3x Digital Zoom • Auto Focus • Movie Record • USB • SD/MMC Card Slot • 5x Digital Zoom • USB 2.0 • Auto Focus • xD Card Slot • 2.5x Digital Zoom • Autofocus • Macro Mode • Auto Exposure, Exposure Compensation • AV NTSC/PAL • Auto Exposure & Exposure Compensation • Movie with Sound • Program AE, Exposure Compensation • Movie Record • Support Exif 2.2 • Dimensions 4.1 x 2.6 x 1.6” • Weight 5.2 oz. • Support Exif 2.2 • Dimensions 4.6 x 2.3 x 1.6” • Weight 6.4 oz. • USB • Dimensions 4.3 x 2.4 x 1.5” • Weight 5.4 oz. NEW EasyShare CX-7330 #KOCX7330 D-535 Zoom #OLD535 D- 425 #OLD425 $14995 $14995 • 3.1 Megapixel • 3.2 megapixel • 1/2.7” CCD Color Science Chip • 4 Megapixel • 1/2.5” CCD • 1/2.7” CCD • 2288 x 1712 Maximum • 2032 x1524 Maximum • 2048 x 1536 Maximum Pixel Recording Mode Pixel Recording Mode Recording Mode • Optical Viewfinder & • 1.5” LCD Monitor 1.6” LCD Monitor • Optical Viewfinder & 1.5” LCD Monitor • 6.1mm f/2.8 (35 Equiv • 5.6-16.8 mm f/2.7-4.6 (35mm 36.7mm) Lens • Autofocus equiv.
  • DMC-FX07, 7.2MP, 3.6X Optical Zoom, Dig

    DMC-FX07, 7.2MP, 3.6X Optical Zoom, Dig

    Lumix DMC-FX07, 7.2MP, 3.6x Optical Zoom, Dig. Still Camera [DMC-FX07] Stylish, Ultra-slim 28mm Wide-Angle Lens with Dual Image Stabilisation RRP: $549 [GST inc.] 7.2 Megapixels Effective + 3.6x Optical zoom in a compact camera Mega O.I.S. (Optical Image Stabiliser) - Taking Hand- Shake Out of the Picture Bright F2.8, Wide-angle 28mm Leica DC Vario-Elmarit Lens Intelligent ISO Control - Reducing Blur Caused by a Subject Moving Venus Engine III for lightning Speed and Superb Performance copyright © 2003 Matsushita Electric Asia, Pty Ltd. All rights 1 reserved. A 28mm wide angled camera - Fits everyone in with ease. With a wider angled 28mm Leica lens instead of a standard 35mm lens the DMC-FX07 Lumix digital camera puts everyone in the picture comfortably. Surprisingly compact, stylish and with Intelligent Image Stabilization through MEGA O.I.S. and intelligent ISO control, these cameras will capture all the party action blur free, no matter how tipsy the photographer or low the light. The camera also has 7.2 megapixels in image size and comes with a large LCD for easier viewing, extra long battery life and many easy- to-use scene modes. So for photo's as wide as your social circle, take a look at the Panasonic's range of Lumix 28mm wide- angle digital cameras. Get amongst the action. If you are wanting to take photographs of any water based activity, from surfing to rafting to SCUBA then a quality water resistent housing will get you amongst the action without risking your quality camera.
  • Hezbollah Suffers Big Losses in Syria Which Reviewed Local Developments

    Hezbollah Suffers Big Losses in Syria Which Reviewed Local Developments

    SUBSCRIPTION TUESDAY, MAY 21, 2013 RAJAB 11, 1434 AH www.kuwaittimes.net Wave of Obama hosts Yahoo takes Mourinho attacks kills Myanmar leader big leap with to leave at least in symbolic $1.1bn deal Real at end 86 in Iraq7 White10 House visit for27 Tumblr of20 season More heads roll in Max 41º Min 24º High Tide oil sector shakeup 08:29 & 20:40 Low Tide 01:44 & 14:50 40 PAGES NO: 15815 150 FILS Amir says govt to attend next Assembly session By B Izzak KUWAIT: State-owned Kuwait Petroleum Corp (KPC) yesterday made the biggest ever shakeup in the top positions of its eight subsidiaries and a number of lead- ing posts in KPC itself. The major restructuring replaced the managing directors of all the eight subsidiaries of KPC and appointed new executives for companies like Kuwait Oil Co (KOC), the oil production arm of KPC, Kuwait National Petroleum Co (KNPC), which operates the three refineries for Kuwait, and others. Under the move, KOC managing director Sami Al- Rasheed, the most veteran oil executive, was among top oil officials who lost their jobs. He was replaced by Hashem Hashem. KNPC managing director Fahad Al- Adwah was also among those who were forced to retire and was replaced by Mohammad Al-Mutairi. Maha Mulla Al-Tarkait, the managing director of Petrochemicals Industries Co (PIC), also lost her job to Asaad Al-Saad. Tarkait and several other leading officials at PIC were suspended on Thursday over the $2.2 billion penalty payment to US’ Dow Chemical and the whole issue was referred to the public prosecution.
  • Panasonic Lumix DMC-LX1EG-K

    Panasonic Lumix DMC-LX1EG-K

    Panasonic Lumix DMC-LX1EG-K The DMC-LX1 features a 4x optical zoom with a 28 to 112mm wide-angle capability (35mm equivalent). This and a 1/1.65" diagonal CCD with 8.4 million effective pixels give you superb image quality over a wide shooting range. The Extended Optical Zoom, which minimizes the image degradation that normally occurs with digital zooming, gives you up to 5x zooming power. Plus, the 4x optical zoom and 4x digital zoom can be used together to produce a maximum of 16x zooming power.The DMC-LX1 features a 2.5" diagonal high-resolution LCD monitor - surprisingly large for such a compact camera. This high-quality, 207, 000-pixel display makes it easy to see your subject. For easier viewing when shooting outdoors on a sunny day, press the Power LCD button to boost the backlighting by about 40%.Jitter from shaky hands is one of the main reasons why cameras produce blurry images. Not everyone has hands of stone when taking pictures - that's why Lumix cameras help solve the problem of unsteady hands with advanced MEGA Optical Image Stabilizer technology. The DMC-LX1 has a built-in gyrosensor that detects any hand movement and relays a signal to a tiny microcomputer inside the camera, which instantly calculates the compensation needed. A linear motor then shifts the Optical Image Stabilizer lens as necessary to guide incoming light from the image straight to the CCD. You won't even notice it working - all you'll see are the outstanding results!In addition to displaying the settings in large, easy-to-understand text, the large, 2.5" diagonal screen with 230, 000-pixel resolution lets you show up to 25 thumbnail images at once.
  • Minolta Image Autumn 2003

    Minolta Image Autumn 2003

    Vol 4 No 36 AUTUMN 2003 Dimage 7i photo by David Kilpatrick 10% off repairs and servicing for MI MEMBERSHIP IN FOR MA TION MA FOR MEMBERSHIP IN readers he Minolta Club Cam era may be able to take out an war- TCheck Scheme now runs Information on this page is printed in each ran ty on a cam era which has just all year round, taking the been repaired, or over hauled. seasonal load off the serviceClub issue for yourChecks benefi t – please use it. &The war ran ty is an op tion al department. We are now told ex ten sion of the usual six-month that Service will give Club Call 01908 200400 for service! repair guar an tee to a full two Checks ‘absolute priority’ years. This offer is ad min is tered and these will nor mal ly be digitalWarranties products There is a difference between and un der writ ten by Do mes tic accomplished with in 3-4 Club Check tests include the Club Check and a Service. & General In sur ance Com pa ny. days of receipt. This is great shut ter speed accuracy, ap- The check may show that your Some parts for older mod els are news but please be sure er ture ac cu ra cy, metering ac- shutter speeds and so on fall now no longer avail a ble, and to allow a little more time cu ra cy, and focusing accuracy. within ISO tolerances, but a Konica Minolta have to re strict – and please do not send They also include checks for Service may allow ad just ment these war ran ties to the list be- equip ment to the Club’s cor rect electronic operation, to better than ISO stand ards.