Sponsors of the 16th Biannual Southwest Symposium January 4–6, 2018 DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS DENVER MUSEUMDENVER OF NATURE & SCIENCE NUMBER 9, JANUARY 4, 2018 REPORTS • NUMBER 9 JANUARY 4, 2018

Pushing Boundaries Program and Abstracts of the 16th Biennial Southwest Symposium January 4–6, 2018 Denver, Colorado

Stephen E. Nash (Ed.)

WWW.DMNS.ORG/SCIENCE/MUSEUM-PUBLICATIONS DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS NUMBER 9, JANUARY 4, 2018

Pushing Boundaries Program and Abstracts of the 16th Biennial Southwest Symposium

January 4–6, 2018, Denver, Colorado

Edited by CONTENTS Stephen E. Nash1 Conference Schedule...... 2 Maps ...... 3 Oral Presentation Abstracts ...... 7 Paper Session I: Expanding Perspectives on Plains- Pueblo Interaction ...... 7 Session II: Forum: Bears Ears—Stories of an Effort to Protect Heritage on a Landscape Scale ...... 11 Paper Session III: A Return to Context: Advancing Collections-Based Research in the U.S. Southwest .... 13 Paper Session IV: Chronological “Big Data” and Pre- Columbian History in the Southwest ...... 16 Poster Abstracts ...... 21 Poster Session Group I: Collections-Based Research 21 Poster Session Group II: Field and Site-Based Research ...... 24 Workshops ...... 28 Alphabetical Listing of Presenters ...... 30 Southwest Symposium Leadership ...... 33 Southwest Symposium Sponsors ...... back cover

1Department of Anthropology Denver Museum of Nature & Science 2001 Colorado Boulevard Denver, Colorado 80205-5798, U.S.A. [email protected] Nash 2018 Southwest Symposium

CONFERENCE SCHEDULE Thursday, January 4 6:00pm–9:00pm: Opening reception and registration Ten Barrel Brewing Company, 2620 Walnut Street Denver CO 80205 Friday, January 5 7:15am–8:45am: Shuttle Buses from Hampton Inn & Suites to the Museum 7:30am–9:00am: Breakfast Reception and Registration at DMNS (Leprino Family Atrium) 8:45am–9:00am: Opening Remarks (Leprino Family Atrium) 9:00am–5:00pm: Poster Displays (Exploration Studio 106) 9:00am–5:00pm: Exhibitor Displays (Leprino Family Atrium): University of Arizona Press, University Press of Colorado, Sapiens.org, and more 9:00am–Noon: Paper Session I: Expanding Perspectives on Plains-Pueblo Interaction (Ricketson Auditorium) Noon–2:00pm: Lunch (Leprino Family Atrium) 12:30pm–1:45pm: Workshop I: How to be a More Engaging Speaker (Exploration Studio 102/103) 2:00pm–4:00pm: Paper Session II: Bears Ears—Stories of an Effort to Protect Heritage on a Landscape Scale (Ricketson Auditorium) 4:00pm–5:00pm: Workshop II: Getting Your Book Published (Exploration Studio 204) 4:00pm–5:00pm: Authors in Poster Room for Q&A (Exploration Studio 106) 5:00pm–8:00pm: Reception (Morgridge Family Exploration Center) 5:30pm–6:30pm: Avenir Collections Center Open (below Morgridge Family Exploration Center) 6:45pm–7:15pm: Keynote Address by Stephen Lekson, University of Colorado (Morgridge Family Exploration Center) 7:15pm–8:15pm: Shuttle buses from Museum to Hampton Inn & Suites

Saturday, January 6 7:15am–8:45am: Shuttle Buses from Hampton Inn & Suites to the Museum 7:30am–9:00am: Breakfast Reception and Registration at DMNS (Leprino Family Atrium) 8:45am–9:00am:: Opening Remarks, Announcements (Leprino Family Atrium) 9:00am–5:00pm: Poster Displays (Exploration Studio 106) 9:00am–5:00pm: Exhibitor Displays (Leprino Family Atrium)

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9:00am–Noon: Paper Session III: A Return to Context: Advancing Collections-Based Research in the U.S. Southwest (Ricketson Auditorium) Noon–2:00pm: Lunch (Leprino Family Atrium) 12:30pm–1:45pm: Workshop III: Writing for the Public (Exploration Studios 102/103) 2:00pm–5:00pm: Paper Session IV: Chronometric “Big Data” and Pre-Columbian History in the Southwest (Ricketson Auditorium) 5:00 pm: Symposium concludes 5:00pm–6:00pm: Shuttle buses from Museum to Hampton Inn & Suites

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Map of the first floor of the Denver Museum of Nature & Science

Most of the Southwest Symposium will occur in the Leprino Family Atrium and Ricketson Audito- rium on the right (west) side of the map. The Poster Session will occur in the Exploration Studio 106 (top of map). Workshops I and III will occur in Exploration Studio 102/103 (top of map). Friday evening reception will occur in the Morgridge Family Exploration Center (top of map).

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Map of the second floor of the Denver Museum of Nature & Science

The Crane Hall of North American Indian Cultures is located at the bottom right. Workshop II will occur in Exploration Studio 204 (top of map).

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Map of the third floor of the Denver Museum of Nature & Science

The (original) Folsom Point is on permanent display at the end of Prehistory Journey, located in the lower left of the map. The recently upgraded Egyptian Mummies exhibition is located at center-left of the map.

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ORAL PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS (organized by session schedule) Friday, 9:00am–9:15am Taos Gray Pottery from the Southern Park Plateau, New Mexico, and its Impli- PAPER SESSION I: cations for Northern Tiwa Origins and Expanding Perspectives on Plains-Pueblo Identity Interaction Friday, January 5, 9:00am–Noon Judith A. Habicht-Mauche Ricketson Auditorium University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA Organizers: [email protected] Scott Ortman Jun Ueno Sunseri University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA University of California, Berkeley, California, USA [email protected] [email protected] Michele L. Koons Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Denver, Colo- Sherds of local and imported plain and incised Taos rado, USA; [email protected] Gray pottery were recovered by Southwest Archaeo- logical Consultants from a series of late precontact Session Abstract: There is a long tradition of research period sites in the Vermejo River Valley, on the South- on Mesoamerican influence in the US Southwest. ern Park Plateau, in Colfax County, near Raton, Indeed, some would argue that the US Southwest/ New Mexico. They are associated with calibrated Mexican Northwest is best conceived as the northern radiocarbon dates ranging between AD 800 and periphery of Mesoamerica. Yet the earliest Europeans 1025, indicating that Southwestern-style plain ware to visit what is now New Mexico noted that Pueblo pottery was being produced on the eastern slope of people had far more extensive contacts with the Great the Sangre de Cristo Mountains as early, if not earlier, Plains than with Mesoamerica. Until recently, inves- than it was being produced in the Taos Valley. These tigations of these contacts have assumed that they dates are significantly earlier than would be expected were recent and derived from exchange of subsistence given our traditional understanding of the northern goods. Today, however, archaeologists recognize that Rio Grande ceramic sequence and challenge current Plains-Pueblo interaction has great time depth, was models of the spread of people and ceramic technol- much more diverse and influential, and involved ogy to the Northeastern Periphery of the Pueblo regular exchange of people, ritual practices, and world. In turn, the presence of early Taos Gray manufactured goods in addition to food. The papers pottery on the Southern Park Plateau potentially in this session provide an update on research related complicates our understanding of Taos valley pueblo to this wider range of interactions. Collectively, they origins and the emergence of Northern Tiwa cultural show that ethnographically-defined culture areas identity. dissolve when viewed through the lens of historical anthropology.

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Friday, 9:15am–9:30am Friday, 9:30am–9:45am Understanding “Reach” in Athapaskan Re-thinking the Protohistoric Pueblo Origins and Interactions in the American Economy in Light of Plains-Pueblo Southwest Exchange

B. Sunday Eiselt Scott G. Ortman Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA [email protected] [email protected] John W. Ives Archaeologists have long been aware of the dramatic University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada increases in agglomeration and craft specialization that [email protected] characterized the Protohistoric Rio Grande. The expan- sion of Plains-Pueblo exchange also belongs in this list, Scholarly discourse on Plains-Pueblo Exchange but past understandings of this phenomenon, which during the Protohistoric Period (ca. AD 1450 to 1700) built from notions of a subsistence economy rooted in was promulgated by the pueblo-centric view that a domestic mode of production, have ended up under- commerce was actively “cultivated” by agricultural- selling its significance. I suggest a view that builds on ists as an adaptive means for surviving lean times concepts in economics, not just ecology, is necessary if while obtaining access to specialty goods. And yet, the we are to appreciate what the expansion of Plains-Pueblo practice of long-distance trade already was embedded exchange really signifies. In this presentation, I develop within the kinship, social, and economic structures a new way of thinking about the Rio Grande Pueblo of migratory Plains Apache when they arrived in economy through an examination of textile production the American Southwest. This paper proposes that at Cuyamungue and other ancestral sites in the Tewa Athapaskans seeking partners for marriage, trade and Basin, arguing that agglomeration effects, social institu- gaming instigated similar relationships with other tions, and increasing returns were important drivers of cultures centuries before their first encounter with this remarkable episode of human development. ancestral Pueblo communities. Based on evidence pertaining to the Promontory culture and their settled Friday, 9:45am–10:00am Fremont neighbors (ca. AD 1250 to 1290) we observe Social Mechanisms of Plains-Pueblo that mobile societies with the capacity for “reach,” as Economics: Analysis of Smoking Pipes at a mechanism for transcending boundaries, actively Pecos Pueblo pursued economic and inter-societal connections. “Reach” is important, if not critical, for understanding Kaitlyn Davis the ethnogenesis of Apachean, Kiowa and other ances- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA tral groups, as well as the changing nature of northern [email protected] Rio Grande Puebloan lifeways. Trade between Pueblo and Plains groups is fairly well understood in terms of which products were traded and when and where the trade interactions took place, but how these trade alliances were formed and how these economic interactions were socially and ritually mediated has received less attention. This paper argues that pipe smoking played a role in this process, and

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that pipes are a useful artifact class to trace and study Friday, 10:30am–10:45am Plains-Pueblo interaction networks. To illustrate this, The Art of Not Being Visible: Movement the paper focuses on the results of analyses of smoking and Identity Among the Wichita pipes from Pecos Pueblo, a prominent Plains-Pueblo trade center. Spatial analyses of the distribution of Timothy G. Baugh pipes at the site, as well as analyses of changes in pipe Wichita and Affiliated Tribes, Anadarko, Oklahoma, forms, materials, surface designs, and use, suggest that USA; [email protected] Plains and Pueblo people at Pecos exchanged smoking customs and that pipes took on a role of helping to From the tenth century on Wichita tribes occupied the facilitate inter-group interactions in the Protohistoric central and southern Plains. These societies, originating Southwest. in the Southeast, created an early Plains frontier with people along the northern margins of the Canadian Friday, 10:00am–10:15am River entwining Plains and Pueblo features. Those The Xoum-ma-no Pueblos, Where They to the east created a second system based on Plains- Come Often to Trade Southeast characteristics. A new Plains-Southwest interaction sphere began in earnest during the fifteenth Deni J. Seymour century. This paper examines the Southeast origins of Jornada Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, the Wichita in relation to the earlier frontier. USA; [email protected] Friday, 10:45am–11:00am An enduring question regarding the Salinas-area Eastern Quivira: an Alternate Reality Frontier Pueblos, including Gran Quivira/Las Humanas, is why these Tompiro centers were called Jumano Pueblos. Donald J. Blakeslee Archaeological evidence of mobile visitors surrounding Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas, USA these pueblos gathered over a decade and a half provides [email protected] fresh perspectives on this question that are consistent with Benavides’ observation that they were called Jumano This paper addresses recent research at Etzanoa, a because mobile visitors came to trade. One important large town within the polity that Spaniards called unstated facet of this “Jumano Problem” relates to the Quivira. Members of the Oñate expedition briefly meaning of the word Jumano in Tiwa, and presumably visited Etzanoa in 1601 and estimated the population the related Tanoan Piro language. Another unexamined of the portion of the settlement they saw at around misimpression is that the plainsmen bringing products 20,000 people. Natives of the place and some of their of the hunt to the Eastern Frontier Pueblos were solely enemies both reported that far more Quivirans could Apaches. The mystery of these trade pueblos is resolved be found to the north in other, even larger settlements. once archaeological results are paired with documentary, Previously, the archaeological record was interpreted ethnographic, and linguistic evidence, demonstrating as consisting of clusters of villages rather than large how the (a) conflation of ethnicity with livelihood and towns. The difference in scale implies that the social (b) assumptions about exclusivity and constancy in organization and local and regional economies were trade partnerships have been the basis for the perceived far different than the mental models that Plains problem. archaeologists have been using. This presentation briefly considers aspects of the lithic economy at Friday, 10:15am–10:30am Etzanoa and finds that much of it was the product of Q&A and Discussion an organized labor force. Raw materials were brought

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to the town in standardized forms and in large quan- Friday, 11:15am–11:30am tities where they were manufactured into a series of By Any Means: Advancing Interpretation highly standardized tool types. The bulk of the tools of Quivira through Survey and Documen- were used to produce and process bison products for tary Analysis local consumption and for long distance export. The Meredith Mahoney long distance exchange system involved the use of Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas, USA Nahuatl as a lingua franca. [email protected] Friday, 11:00am–11:15am The interplay between the documentary and archaeo- Investigating the Origins of the Great logical records presents an opportunity to advance Bend Aspect through Reanalyzing Lithic interpretations of the Quiviran landscape. Records Assemblages of Pratt Phase sites, the of the Juan de Onate expedition of 1601 include Zyba site, and 14RC410 six descriptions of a large town called Etzanoa or Joan Bayles the “great settlement.” A synthesis of the official Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas, USA expedition account and testimonies from expedition [email protected] members produces an image of a town at least five miles in length and containing as many as 2,000 The Great Bend aspect is the designation for proto- houses. With population estimates and detailed historic Wichita sites in central and southern Kansas, descriptions of the spatial layout of domestic struc- dating from A.D. 1425 – 1700. The origins of Great tures and agricultural fields, the documents indicate Bend have not been studied in depth previously, but Quiviran communities were more extensive than comparisons with the earlier Central Plains tradition previous archaeological interpretations recognize. suggest that the latter was not directly ancestral to Noninvasive surveys in both Cowley and Rice Coun- Great Bend. Patterns of toolstone acquisition, ceramic ties, Kansas, confir many of the recorded sites extend vessel forms and surface treatments, and formal stone well beyond currently designated boundaries. These tool types all differ. This research employs comparative findings support the Spanish accounts of a contigu- analysis of ceramic and lithic assemblages from sites ous town of substantial size. Aerial LiDAR imaging, of the Pratt phases, the Zyba site, and an early Little magnetometry, and pedestrian surveys from sites at River site in Rice County, all of which appear to date opposite ends of the Quiviran world, coupled with the immediately before the emergence of Great Bend and documents, make a compelling case for expanding at least half a century after the disappearance of the archaeological interpretations to acknowledge the vast Central Plains tradition. By tracking the roots of scale of the settlements. the Great Bend aspect through patterns of changing material culture, this research illuminates the devel- Friday, 11:30am–11:45am opment of Great Bend. Interestingly, all of these sites The Rio Grande Origins of the Plains Bio- exhibit relatively large amounts of Southwestern trade graphic Tradition material. Severin Fowles Barnard College, New York, USA; [email protected] Lindsay M. Montgomery University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA [email protected]

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As defined in the seminal work of James Keyser, the SESSION II: FORUM Plains Biographic Tradition describes a distinctive Bears Ears—Stories of an Effort to Protect rock art tradition that came to dominate the Plains Heritage on a Landscape Scale from southern Alberta to northern Mexico during the Friday, January 5, 2:00pm–4:00pm eighteenth century. The distribution of Biographic Ricketson Auditorium rock art, in this sense, effectively defines the Plains Organizer: Indian culture area of the colonial era. Moreover, William Doelle through its focus on military narratives along with Archaeology Southwest, Tucson, Arizona, USA its use of certain iconographic conventions, the tra- [email protected] dition has been linked to a broader range of Plains visual culture that includes nineteenth century Session Abstract: This session will be presented in a ledger art and painted imagery on bison hides, Forum format, with individual speakers making brief garments, and tipis. The origins of Biographic tradi- statements that will be followed by discussion between tion, however, remain obscure. In contrast to prior the audience and the assembled panel. research that has located the wellspring of the tradi- tion on the northwestern Plains, I propose instead Visual Introduction to Bears Ears National that the tradition arose through early colonial Monument and Advocacy Key Topics encounters in the Rio Grande Valley, rapidly spread- William Doelle ing across the continent along with the horse trade Archaeology Southwest, Tucson, Arizona, USA and the many social transformations that equestri- [email protected] anism inaugurated. Rock art from the Taos region of northern New Mexico is drawn upon to support this A visual overview of the Bears Ears landscape and alternative model. the diversity of cultural resources present in the region is an essential starting point. Other key issues Friday, 11:45am–Noon to highlight include an overview of the Antiquities Q&A and Discussion Act of 1906; nonprofit organizations and cultural resource advocacy; the historic role of tribes in promoting and defending Bears Ears National Monument; landscape scale preservation in histori- cal context; and the current status of the Bears Ears National Monument.

The Antiquities Act, Public Lands Issues, and Utah as the Context for Bears Ears National Monument John Ruple University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA [email protected]

A brief overview of the history of the Antiquities Act is provided, including the kinds of “objects” that can be protected and the ability to proclaim

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landscape-scale monuments. Arguments for and A Zuni Perspective on Bears Ears National against the President’s authority to unilaterally Monument revise or revoke a national monument will be Octavius Seowtewa addressed. This paper will also address the state of Pueblo of Zuni, New Mexico, USA Utah’s hostility towards federal public land manage- [email protected] ment in general, and the Grand Staircase-Escalante and Bears Ears National Monuments in particular. The Pueblo of Zuni is part of the Bears Ears Tribal These two monuments have been prime targets Coalition. Furthermore, Zuni council member Carleton of a review of national monuments by the Trump Bowekaty serves as co-chair of the Bears Ears Tribal administration. Commission. I will discuss Zuni ties to Bears Ears and

the tribe’s roles in promoting and defending the new Utah Diné Bikeyah—Developing Initial monument. Support for Bears Ears and Defending the New National Monument The Role of Nontribal Nonprofits in Sup- Willie Grayeyes porting Bears Ears National Monument Utah Diné Bikeyah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA Josh Ewing [email protected] Friends of Cedar Mesa, Bluff, Utah, USA [email protected] A brief introduction to Utah Diné Bikeyah and its role in advocating for Bears Ears National Monument is Friends of Cedar Mesa is based in the tiny town of provided. Our outreach to Navajo elders and others Bluff, Utah, on the border of Bears Ears National helped to document Navajo ties to this landscape. We Monument. Friends of Cedar Mesa provides steward- have advocated for creation of the monument and ship to ensure the public lands in San Juan County, continue to defend the monument now that it is in Utah—with all their cultural and natural values— place. are protected and respected. Friends of Cedar Mesa, several other nonprofit organizations, and the outdoor A Ute Tribal Perspective on Bears Ears recreation industry were instrumental in supporting National Monument and an Overview the sovereign tribal nations who petitioned President of the Role of the Bears Ears Tribal Obama to create the Bears Ears National Monument. Commission This session will address the ways in which Friends of Terry Knight Cedar Mesa and its partners are taking an active role Ute Mountain Ute Tribe, Towaoc, Colorado, USA in monument defense and collaborative ways they are c/o [email protected] responding to increased visitation and other potential threats related to the increased national awareness of A brief introduction to Ute tribal connections to Bears Ears. the landscape of Bears Ears National Monument is provided. Ute tribes played a role in and are now represented on the Bears Ears Tribal Commission, the advisory commission called for in President Obama’s proclamation that established the national monument.

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PAPER SESSION III: Museums are potential boons for twenty-first-century A Return to Context: Advancing Collections- archaeologists. Even antiquated collections hold Based Research in the U.S. Southwest promise for enhancing knowledge of the past. Ever improving methods of analysis provide innovative Saturday, January 6, 9:00am–Noon means of addressing age-old research questions, as Ricketson Auditorium well as added opportunities to engage with descendant Organizers: communities. In the US Southwest, for example, mod- Benjamin A. Bellorado ernized assessments of otherwise sequestered objects University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA are facilitating studies of ancient craft production, [email protected] ritual practice, and regional networks of interaction, to Saul L. Hedquist name a few. Focusing largely on turquoise, we discuss Logan Simpson Inc., Tempe, Arizona, USA personal collections-based research experiences. Using [email protected] items housed in various state and federal facilities, we attempt reconstruction of ancient Pueblo practices Session Abstract: This session draws together scholars through multidisciplinary approaches. Combined appli- whose research augments knowledge of ancient South- cations of archaeology, geochemistry, and ethnography western societies through innovative (re)assessments yield novel insights from decades-old collections, all of museum collections. These papers illustrate myriad with minimal impact to the archaeological record. By and diverse ways that archaeologists have reconnected promoting their analytical promise, we hope to inspire (often historical) collections to their ancient contexts of renewed interest in shelved collections—opportune use. Through the lens of museum collections and associ- pieces of broader anthropological puzzles in the US ated “legacy data,” researchers endeavor to reconstruct Southwest. patterns of past materialities throughout the greater Southwest. The session embraces the rediscovery and Saturday, 9:15am–9:30am analysis of often-overlooked data sources, which have Using Old Collections to Gain New Insights enhanced or refined contemporary studies of material on Chaco Identity: Analyzing Ornaments production, circulation, and consumption at various from Pueblo Bonito and Aztec West Ruin social scales. These studies contribute to broader under- standings of human interactions with material things, Hannah V. Mattson bridging gaps in anthropological knowledge about ancient University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA societies in the U.S. Southwest. [email protected]

Saturday, 9:00am–9:15am Pueblo Bonito and Aztec West Ruin, two of the largest Shelves to Knowledge: Museum Collections Ancestral Pueblo sites in the Southwest, were excavated a and Southwest Archaeology in the 21st century ago during large, sponsored expeditions focused Century on the acquisition of objects for East Coast museums. However, researchers are just beginning to fully analyze Saul L. Hedquist these important collections. My research focuses on the Logan Simpson Inc., Tempe, Arizona, USA personal ornaments from these two sites, which number [email protected] over 100,000 items. Specifically, I am interested in how Will G. Russell ornaments were used to actively construct and negotiate Arizona State Parks, Phoenix, Arizona, USA social identity through practices of adornment and depo- [email protected] sition. To do this, I combine new data gathered on the

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physical attributes of ornaments, such as color and reflec- communal meals. While the importance of food is tivity recorded with a spectrophotometer, with archival well understood, examining processes of food prepara- data on depositional context to identify patterns in social tion and consumption in the past is made difficult by use and value. This approach produces new insights on the complexities of integrating diverse material and the role of ornaments in reproducing ideological and spatial data, often at multiple spatial and temporal power structures in Chacoan society. scales. The wealth of previously excavated collections, legacy data, and archival materials that exist for Saturday, 9:30am–9:45am the U.S. Southwest provide a nearly unparalleled Emerging Patterns: Museum Collections in opportunity to address and develop better ways to Archaeological Research examine foodways and their social dynamics in the past. I address the interplay between the symbolic Joseph Bryce and political aspects of food consumption and the Natural History Museum of Utah, Salt Lake City, daily dynamics of food production and preparation Utah, USA; [email protected] in household contexts. Based entirely on existing col- lections, this study draws together botanical, faunal, Museums are an essential part of archaeological ceramic, groundstone, and architectural data to inquiry and curated collections are constantly increas- provide a detailed comparative analysis of how the ing, providing ever-larger amounts of data potential. foods and food technologies of households developed, These increased datasets can overturn commonly held changed, or persisted in households and communi- beliefs or open avenues of inquiry previously unavail- ties across the Cibola region during a period of rapid able. This can be particularly true for artifacts that were population aggregation and social transformation in considered rare or unusual at the time of excavation. the 13th century. Uncommon objects often find new life when placed into context within a larger selection of similar artifacts. This paper showcases uncommon objects from Fremont Saturday, 10:00am–10:15am sites in Utah to illustrate how museum collections Beyond Design: Evidence of Actual Use are being used to increase datasets in order to answer in Collections of Casas Grades Ceramic bigger and broader questions. Fremont spindle whorls, Vessels smoking pipes, and Red-on-gray pottery are regularly Jessica Simpson recovered infrequently and in small numbers, but Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA recent research is revealing larger patterns. [email protected] Saturday, 9:45am–10:00am Several museums throughout the United States house Secret Ingredients: Using Existing Collec- collections from the Casas Grandes cultural region tions to Address Foodways and their Social in Mexico. Outside of the museum at Paquimé, Dynamics the majority of vessels have little to no contextual Sarah E. Oas information. And, until recently, very little ceramic Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA analysis had been completed outside manufacture [email protected] and design studies. Because of the lack of context, these collections have been largely overlooked. My Foodways are vital components of studying social research, a use-alteration study, has sought to recon- relations and politics given the frequency and impor- nect approximately 300 vessels from two museums tance of people sharing daily household and special to their archaeological contexts by studying the

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evidences of actual use. This type of analysis has Saturday, 10:30am–10:45am never been done to this scale on any vessels from the Age is Only a Number: Reassessing Casas Grandes area. I looked for various attritions Nearly a Century of Faunal Remains and like pitting and stirring wear, and accretions such as Excavation Data from Chaco Canyon sooting and staining. All vessels had some evidences Katelyn J. Bishop of wear regardless of shape, size, or decoration. By University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA studying use wear, I have been able to explore how the [email protected] people of Casas Grandes interacted with their ceramic vessels. The data about those interactions will broaden Samantha G. Fladd what we know about Casas Grandes and its societal University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA structure. [email protected] Adam S. Watson Saturday, 10:15am–10:30am American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA Early Pueblo I Villages in Southeastern [email protected] Utah: Insights from Collections, Archives, and Fieldwork For nearly a century, extensive excavations in Chaco James Allison Canyon produced millions of artifacts and pages of Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA written information. While these collections are scat- [email protected] tered in museums throughout the country, the Chaco Research Archive recently digitized essentially all paper Shortly after A.D. 750, the first aggregated Ancestral records from survey and excavation in the canyon, Pueblo villages formed in southeastern Utah. Two including field notes, artifact counts, maps, correspon- village sites dating to the late 700s have seen relatively dence, and unpublished manuscripts and reports. The large-scale excavations: Alkali Ridge Site 13 (42SA13) accessibility of this legacy data has helped to rein- was excavated in 1932 and 1933, and Monument vigorate research in Chaco, highlighting the breadth Village (42SA971) was excavated between 1969 and of unanalyzed material from historic excavations. We 1973. J.O. Brew’s (1946) report on the Site 13 excava- present two case studies that demonstrate the value of tions is well known, and several MA theses report on detailed analyses of material remains supplemented by aspects of the Monument Village excavations, but legacy data to reconstruct contextual information. The many details about the excavations and the artifacts first, drawing largely on excavation records, examines recovered are not included in the reporting for either the deposition of several ceremonially-significant types site. The curated artifacts, samples, excavation notes, of faunal remains at Pueblo Bonito. The second com- and photographs provide a rich source of additional bines the analysis of museum collections and legacy information about the sites, however. This paper data to examine the distribution of three ritually impor- summarizes analyses of curated materials from the tant bird species—macaws, eagles, and turkeys—at five two sites, as well as recent small-scale excavations at different sites. We argue that general patterns in these Site 13 guided by the analysis of the collections from data suggest principles of social and ritual organization Brew’s work. Together, the collections work and the that are valuable to our interpretations of Chaco. While new excavations clarify the chronology of early village acknowledging the difficulties of working with materi- formation in southeastern Utah and the history of the als and records from historic excavations, the benefits two sites in question. to research in using archival and museum collections far outweigh these limitations.

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Saturday, 10:45am–11:00am PAPER SESSION IV: Dressing Up in the Ancient Southwest: Chronological “Big Data” and Pre-Colum- Pushing the Boundaries of Clothing Studies bian History in the Southwest through Collections- and Field-based Saturday, January 6, 2:00pm–5:00pm Research Ricketson Auditorium Benjamin A. Bellorado Organizers: University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA Myles Miller [email protected] Versar, Inc., Austin, Texas, USA; [email protected] Stephen E. Nash Clothing traditions are important components of all Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Denver, Colorado, societies, mediate the ways people interact with the USA; [email protected] world, and negotiate identity politics. Archaeologists rarely have the opportunity to study dressing practices Session Abstract: The potential of Big Data for archaeo- in ancient societies, due largely to issues of preserva- logical inquiry is gaining increased attention in the tion. When clothes are encountered, they are usually Southwest. A prominent form of Big Data consists of removed from the contexts of their production, dis- regional chronometric databases, including compila- tribution, and use, making it difficult to reconstruct tions of radiocarbon, archaeomagnetic, and tree-ring their roles. Of all clothing related materials used in the dates across multiple geographic subareas or culture ancient Southwest, yucca sandals and cotton-weaving areas of the Southwest. Although numerous analyses tools and apparatuses have been recovered most fre- of such datasets using sophisticated statistical methods quently, and collections of hundreds of these items have been published at local and regional levels, a are housed in museums across the country. Though comprehensive overview of chronometric trends and few have been studied in detail, analyses of yucca and transitions across the pre-Hispanic Southwest has yet cotton garments have incredible potential to shed light to be considered. A systematic review of chronometric on ways in which Ancestral Pueblo people materialized and chronological trends across multiple regions group affiliation and social position through dressing. would offer a much-needed temporal foundation for Additional insights into the spatiotemporal changes in other Big Data studies across the Southwest; the iden- the roles and fashions of different clothing traditions, tification of contemporaneous patterns across multiple as well as the movements of associated groups and regions may have profound implications. That said, individuals, are gleaned by integrating traditional arti- archaeological and methodological critiques focus on fact-focused analyses of woven garment collections with historical research and sampling bias, taphonomic data from media where woven garments are depicted effects, distortions resulting from calibration and cor- (i.e., murals, rock art, and decorated pottery). These rection factors specific to each method, and even a poor analyses reveal new understandings of the development understanding of the underlying physical and chemical of woven-garment production, as well as the associated foundations of dating methods. Discussions of cultural social contexts in which Ancestral Pueblo people wore sequences must take into account the fact that such and displayed these items. chronometric trends were influenced by prehistoric land use, culture-environment interactions, and other Saturday, 11:00am–11:15am factors. Papers in this session serve as building blocks Q&A and Discussion toward renewed emphasis on chronometric data and their implications.

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Saturday, 2:00pm–2:15pm attempts to discover and discern broader demographic, Chronometrics, Chronologies, and Conver- settlement, climatological, and other trends in pre- gences across the Prehispanic Southwest Columbian history. There are now tens of thousands of tree-ring dates available from across the Southwest. Stephen E. Nash Archaeologists are beginning to take tentative steps to Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Denver, Colorado, analyze these data en masse. The question remains, USA; [email protected] however, whether large tree-ring datasets contain sys- Myles R. Miller tematic biases that may affect our interpretations. In Versar, Inc., Austin, Texas, USA; [email protected] this paper, I present case studies from several locations around the American Southwest to make the case that One of the more prominent and ubiquitous forms of we must always understand and account for the histori- Big Data consists of regional chronometric databases, cal origins and biases inherent in these data. including compilations of radiocarbon, archaeomag- netic, tree-ring, and luminescence dates across multiple Saturday 2:30pm–2:45pm geographic subareas or culture areas of the Southwest. Theory, Technique, and Circularity: Time While numerous analyses of such datasets using sophis- for a Renewal in Southwestern Archaeo- ticated statistical methods have been published at local magnetic Dating and regional levels, a comprehensive overview of chro- Eric Blinman nometric trends and transitions across the prehispanic Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA Southwest has yet to be considered. This introductory [email protected] paper establishes the critical role of chronometric data for present and future Big Data syntheses and calls for Jeffrey Royce Cox greater awareness of chronometric methods and of Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA refined approaches to analyzing age collections of age [email protected] estimates. A brief, layperson’s introduction to common Dr. Robert DuBois collected his first archaeomag- statistical and graphical procedures used to interpret netic dating sample on June 1, 1964, from Gila Butte, chronometric data is reviewed to set the stage for the Arizona. The theory was sound, DuBois was confident, following presentations of the session. and the need for another dating technique was real. Tree-ring dating was the gold standard but required Saturday, 2:15pm–2:30pm preserved samples from datable species. Radiocar- Big Dendro Data: Strengths and Limitations bon dating was well-suited to long chronologies, of Large Tree-Ring Date Datasets but it was capricious in Formative settings. Luckily, Stephen E. Nash human fires for cooking and warmth are ubiquitous Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Denver, Colorado, in Southwestern sites. From DuBois’ initial success, USA; [email protected] the Southwestern school of archaeomagnetic dating expanded with the participation of Jeff Eighmy, Rob Southwestern archaeology and tree-ring dating are Sternberg, Randy McGuire, and Dan Wolfman, and it is inextricably intertwined, woven like a tapestry of currently practiced by Stacey Lengyel, William Deaver, complex personalities, stunning discoveries, and and Jeff Cox. But the current performance of the analytical milestones that animate the history of our technique does not live up to its theoretical potential. discipline. For nearly half-a-century, archaeologists Weaknesses include imprecision and occasional inac- have analyzed large databases of tree-ring dates in their curacy of the prevailing dating curve, statistical date

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estimation that often produces nonsensical results, cores, and careful consideration of cross-cutting rela- and unresolved conflicts with other chronologies. The tions in a Bayesian statistical model. The resulting former weaknesses have made it difficult to address the chronology provides a decadal-scale reconstruction latter, and the latter conflicts have created a fuzzy cir- of the timing of some phases of construction at Mon- cularity, especially with the Hohokam chronology. The tezuma Castle. This paper discusses the challenges newly accessible DuBois archaeomagnetic archive, new of radiocarbon dating in cliff dwellings, the multi- tools and interest from geophysicists, and a consciously method strategy for improving radiocarbon dating in self-critical approach augur well for the renewal of this context, and details of the modeled construction archaeomagnetic dating. sequence at Montezuma Castle.

Saturday, 2:45pm–3:00pm Saturday, 3:00pm–3:15pm Challenges and Solutions for High Resolution Q&A and Discussion Radiocarbon-Based Chronologies of Building Sequences: a Case Study from Montezuma Saturday, 3:15pm–3:30pm Castle, Arizona. Modeling Time from 2100 BC to AD 1450 in Central and Southern Arizona Gregory Hodgins University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA Michael Lindeman [email protected] Desert Archaeology, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, USA [email protected] Nicholas Kessler University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA James Vint [email protected] Desert Archaeology, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, USA [email protected] Lucas Hoedl National Park Service, Camp Verde, Arizona, USA Archaeological chronologies in central and southern [email protected] [note the underscore] Arizona have undergone numerous revisions over Matt Guebard the past several decades. The Late Archaic/Early National Park Service, Camp Verde, Arizona, USA Agricultural period chronology, for example, has [email protected] [note the underscore] been refined based on an ever growing database of radiocarbon ages, many of which are AMS measure- Several models of the growth and expansion of ments on annual plants such as maize. Ceramic-era Montezuma Castle have been proposed based upon chronologies were initially developed based on stylis- study of wall-abutments and other architectural tic seriation of pottery, and subsequently bolstered by features. A recent attempt to constrain the hypoth- independent dating methods and micro-seriation of esized construction sequences in calendar time using decorated ceramics. As a result of these refinements, radiocarbon encountered difficulties that stemmed chronologies in some areas such as the Tucson Basin from both multiple potential sources of sample present phases with temporal resolution as fine- contamination and the shape of the radiocarbon grained as 50 years. However, differences remain in calibration curve. The National Park Service, the Uni- how phases have been defined at regional levels due versity of Arizona AMS Facility, and Laboratory of Tree to both the legacy of archaeological research tra- Ring Research are addressing these problems with a jectories and local patterns of a region’s history. We radiocarbon dating campaign utilizing wiggle match present an analysis of chronologies from the Tucson calibration, a reanalysis of dendroarchaeological and Phoenix Basins that span the Early Agricultural

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Period through the end of the Hohokam Classic Saturday, 3:45pm–4:00pm Period. OxCal is used to model calendric ages of Local and Regional Archaeological phases with a database of several hundred radiocar- Implications of Late Holocene Geomorphic bon dates. These chronological models are contrasted Change on the Southern Colorado Plateau with local chronologies currently in use by archae- Jill Onken ologists, and the utility of multiple chronologies for University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA addressing questions of different spatial and temporal [email protected] scales is discussed. A well-dated alluvial history of the Carrizo Wash watershed Saturday, 3:30pm–3:45pm has implications for regional archaeology. This paper Radiocarbon Dates, Climate Change, and examines environmental conditions associated with late Long-term Trends in Far Southeastern Holocene cultural changes between ca. 5,000 and 1,000 New Mexico years ago, especially in terms of how geomorphic and Jim A. Railey hydrologic responses to paleoclimatic change affected SWCA, Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA maize agriculture potential. To summarize some of the [email protected] findings, use of the area increased dramatically between ca. 4,200 and 3,200 years ago, beginning with the adoption of There are over 1,300 radiocarbon dates from the maize. In contrast, no known sites date between ca. 3,200 BLM’s Carlsbad Field Office region, and local variation and 2,800 years ago, a time of decreased summer moisture in long-term patterns is increasingly evident. In the and runoff and cold conditions unfavorable for floodwater Mescalero Plain radiocarbon dates exhibit a prominent farming. Buried sites suggest maize farmers inhabited frequency spike in the seventh and eighth centuries piedmont areas between ca. 2,800 and 1,600 years ago. A.D., followed by a precipitous plunge in the number Summed probability distributions of cultural dates peak of dates. The plunge appears to correspond to a cata- ca. 2,000 years ago and drop dramatically ca. 1,600 years strophic drought that began around A.D. 900. Along the ago, roughly mirroring El Niño trends and local spring Pecos River and areas further west, frequency spikes discharge. Arroyo-cutting episodes tend to be coeval with after this date suggest migrations to these areas from reduced occupation; unusually extensive arroyo-cutting the Mescalero Plain, probably because reliable water 800 years ago coincides with abandonment of Pueblo II sources were still available during the drought. But Chacoan outlier communities near Zuni Salt Lake. This in some local areas within the Mescalero Plain, the depopulation, previously attributed to drought alone, was numbers of dates remain comparatively high in the thus probably also related to reduced farmable acreage. Late Formative period (A.D. 1100–1450). The reasons for these locally variable patterns are attributable Saturday, 4:00pm–4:15pm primarily to concentrations of populations in still-wet The Late Holocene Chronometric and refugia (associated with a shift to village life depen- Archaeological Record of Southern New dent on farming to some extent), while highly mobile, Mexico: New Insights and New Revelations hunter-gatherer lifeways may have persisted in some Myles R. Miller areas. The radiocarbon frequency patterns reflect varia- Versar, Inc., Austin, Texas, USA; [email protected] tion in population and relative mobility, the effects of climate change, and a rather late development of A contextual and landscape analysis of over 4,000 radio- farming-based communities compared to most areas of carbon dates provides unprecedented insights into 4,500 the Southwest. years of prehistoric adaptation and social evolution

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in southern New Mexico. Age trends identified among scales. Radiocarbon time-series are often considered in radiocarbon-dated settlements, technologies, perishable abstract space without considerations of the different items, and projectile points reveal punctuated demo- paleoclimatic contexts in which prehistoric populations graphic swings and periods of regional abandonment, were living. This presentation proposes a new method technological and subsistence developments, and the for working with large radiocarbon datasets that devel- appearance of iconographic styles. Distinctive subsis- ops chronological models for different paleoclimate tence, technological, and social developments can be zones. We present this method by analyzing and com- isolated throughout the terminal Middle Holocene and paring comprehensive radiocarbon datasets for Arizona, Late Holocene and corresponding Middle Archaic, Late New Mexico, Utah and Colorado. We analyze data from Archaic, and Ceramic cultural periods. The combined the entire Holocene, with specific focus on the last 3000 archaeological and environmental records provide years in order to understand how population growth insights into several topics of archaeological and and decline in the Southwest interacted with surround- anthropological significance, including culture-climate ing regions. interactions, the introduction and spread of maize, relationships between horticulture and earth oven plant Saturday, 4:45pm–5:00pm baking, and the appearance of iconographic traditions Q&A and Discussion and associated ideologies, each of which in turn are related to increasing social complexity in the arid lands of the northern Chihuahuan Desert. Of larger relevance to the current symposium, many of the trends and tran- sitions identified in southern New Mexico can now be securely placed within the broader Archaic and Ceramic Period traditions of the American Southwest.

Saturday, 4:15pm–4:30pm Late Holocene Climate Change and Human Demography in the American Southwest: a View from the ‘Periphery’ Erick Robinson University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA [email protected] Chris Nicholson Wyoming State Climate Office, Laramie, Wyoming, USA [email protected] Robert L. Kelly University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA [email protected]

Summed probability distributions of large radiocarbon datasets are increasingly used to investigate prehis- toric human demography at regional and continental

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POSTER ABSTRACTS Getting the Right Impression: Using 3D Models to Investigate Impressions of Posters will be in Exploration Studio 106, Friday, Perishable Artifacts January 5, 9:00am through Saturday, January 6, 5:00pm. Robert Bischoff Authors will be with posters Friday, 4:00pm–5:00pm, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA and at other times during the conference. [email protected]

The majority of material produced by prehistoric people POSTER SESSION GROUP I: rarely survives in the archaeological record. Nevertheless Collections-Based Research perishables are useful for investigating population move- ment, the spread of technology, and many other questions. “Boundedness” in the Classic Mimbres While perishable material rarely survives in open-air sites, Period impressions are sometimes left in clay or other mate- Kendall Baller rial. Several methods exist for making models or casts of Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA impressions, but these methods can cause damage to the [email protected] original artifact and can be difficult to disseminate. The use of photogrammetry for generating 3D models has The Mimbres region is well-known for its distinctive proliferated in archaeology, and this technology is par- black-on-white decorated ceramics. Archaeologists ticularly useful for investigating impressions of perishable working in the area have observed a level of confine- artifacts. We demonstrate that 3D models of impressions ment in the spread of these ceramics during the can be generated relatively quickly and cheaply and can Classic period (1000–1130 CE) that is not typically easily be shared or even printed. This method can be done seen. This suggests other factors are at play to limit in the field or in the laboratory. We propose making this the distribution of these wares. Ceramic type data method a standard practice, which will result in a large, from over 150 sites have been compiled, organized, digital collection of perishable impressions that can be and divided into 50-year periods based on estimations used to further investigations of perishable artifacts using of site occupation date ranges using ceramic type a much wider selection of sites than otherwise available. and count data. These data have been analyzed using social network analyses and measures of centrality to Raising a Rafter: Exploring Ancestral Pueblo determine levels of inter-connectedness in the region Intensification of Turkey Husbandry in the before, during, and after the Classic Mimbres period. Northern Rio Grande Region, New Mexico These statistical measures have not been used before Rachel Burger to address questions of social “boundedness” in the Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA region. I will present my work demonstrating the [email protected] more tightly “bounded” distribution of Mimbres wares during the Classic period and discuss my interpreta- Michael Aiuvalasit tions of these results and the implications for our Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA understanding of Mimbres. [email protected] Ian Jorgeson Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA [email protected]

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Zooarchaeological research in the Northern Rio Grande questions through measurement of δ13C, δ15N, δ2H of shows that domesticated turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) whistles/flutes recovered from Pottery Mound (LA 416) became increasingly important to Ancestral Pueblo com- and Sapawe’uinge (LA 306), two large PIV village sites in munities in the Classic Period (AD 1350-1600) for both the Middle and Northern Rio Grande. We hypothesize that subsistence and ritual uses. During this time, immigrant captive raptors should have high δ13C values and low δ15N and local communities coalesced into increasingly larger and δ2H values. villages and towns, with abundant evidence for turkey husbandry. Yet, it remains uncertain at what scale (house- Update on the Integrated Southwest hold, sub-community, or community) turkey management Ceramic NAA Database was organized. We propose to investigate the ecological Jeffrey R. Ferguson and economic factors that underlie the intensification of University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA turkey husbandry by incorporating ethnographic accounts [email protected] and modern animal sciences on turkey raising with analy- ses from a large zooarchaeological assemblage from the Matthew A. Peeples site of Sapa’owingeh (LA306), an Ancestral Tewa village. Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA Future work will utilize these factors and data to explore a [email protected] cost-benefit analysis of turkey husbandry practices. Ceramic compositional studies in the American South- Instruments of Captivity: Exploring the west have resulted in an extensive database of roughly Relationship between Raptor Management 25,000 individual ceramic and raw material specimens. and Whistle/Flute Production in Pueblo IV Recent efforts to standardize location and typological New Mexico information have created a powerful tool for examining production and movement of ceramics and the social Jonathan Dombrosky factors influencing them at various geographic scales. In University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, this initial assessment of the database we present descrip- USA; [email protected] tive information on the nature and size of the database and discuss broad distributions of wares across the region. In Pueblo IV (PIV; ca. AD 1300–1600) New Mexico, whistles We also explore areas with robust samples and relatively and flutes frequently made from the ulnae of birds of prey stable compositional groups that reflect production become ubiquitous in the Middle and Northern Rio Grande. locations. This database will guide the strategic targeted The importance of birds of prey to Puebloan society has sampling in future studies to maximize the potential of been ethnographically well-documented: raptors—primar- research through the integration with existing data. ily eagles—held captive by modern Puebloan groups are either sacrificed or indefinitely held in captivity to provision Distance from Source Analysis of Ceramic rituals and ceremonies with feathers. This captive manage- Consumption in the Chaco World ment of raptors led early ethnographers to posit that eagles occupied a liminal space between domesticate and wild Evan Giomi animal. How do archaeological whistles/flutes from PIV University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA New Mexico connect with ethnographically documented [email protected] practices of capture and sacrifice? Do whistles and flutes made from raptor bones derive from individuals raised in Distance-decay models have been previously applied captivity? How exactly does the functional role of captive to ceramic wares to help understand the direction raptors extend beyond their death? We explore these and intensity of ceramic exchange across the Chaco

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World. This research adds two new components to incorporated into indigenous social geographies, rep- this type of analysis: greater temporal control and a resenting counter-narratives to what might otherwise larger sample size. Using the Chaco Social Networks be considered a volcanic disaster. This poster presents database, this analysis has produced distance-from- the results of recent spatial analyses to assess the source models for all major wares in the Chaco extents, connectivity, and directionality of the extant world, using assemblages from every Great House network. and Great Kiva site. Furthermore, the apportionment of each site’s assemblage to 50-year intervals (from An Examination of Fremont Large Game A.D. 800 to A.D. 1300) allows for examining change- Hunting Practices

over-time in the distance-from-source model for each Spencer Lambert ware. Greater temporal control is a significant addi- Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA tion to existing distance-from-source analyses since [email protected] it allows for these models to be correlated with sig- nificant changes in the Chaco World, particularly the The analysis of faunal bones from several Fremont expansion and subsequent retraction of the Chaco sites have resulted in complications when compared system. to the modified general utility index (MGUI). In this research, I explore the processing and transporta- Trail Networks and Ritual Practice in tion techniques of Fremont hunters at Wolf Village by the “Bad Country” of West-Central New comparing skeletal frequencies to the MGUI. Then, I Mexico: Counter-Narratives to Volcanic compare these frequencies with results of strontium Disasters isotope analysis on small artiodactyl teeth from Wolf Kelsey Hanson Village to determine which species were obtained University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA locally. I also identify the strontium baseline at Wolf [email protected] Village and five other Fremont sites in order to identify evidence of trade between Fremont communities. The The Zuni-Bandera volcanic field in west-central New results of this research suggests that the MGUI does Mexico, named el malpais or “the bad country” by not seem appropriate for measuring the utility of early Spanish explorers, is often considered a harsh animal portions by the Fremont. Reverse utility curves and inhospitable landscape. However, a growing at several Fremont sites suggest that the Fremont corpus of archaeological, historical, and ethno- were regularly bringing low utility elements back to graphic evidence is beginning to demonstrate that its residential sites at least part of the time. The MGUI can use is far more nuanced. The most recent lava flow only consider caloric reasons for prehistoric hunters event occurred only 3,000 years ago, suggesting that to return to habitation sites with low utility elements. this dramatic geologic event–depositing pahoehoe Only when considering the social and economic lava and accompanied by a several thousand-foot reasons for transporting so-called low utility elements high fountain of fire and cinders–was experienced can archaeologists begin to discover the reasons by indigenous groups occupying the landscape and behind the processing and transportation techniques memorialized in oral history and practice. In appar- of Fremont hunters. ent contradiction to its current name, an intricate network of cairn-marked trails traverses the lava flow connecting pueblos, shrines, and lava tube caves, suggesting that this “bad country” was actively

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Obsidian Use and Circulation in the From New Mexico to Michigan and Back American Southwest: New Analysis of the Again: Shedding New Light on “Legacy” Martin Collection at The Field Museum Collections from the Upper Gila Danielle Riebe Jacob Sedig The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA [email protected] [email protected] Gary M. Feinman This poster provides an overview of the records and The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA artifacts from many upper Gila sites currently stored in [email protected] Fife Lake, Michigan. From the 1960s through the 1980s, Stephen E. Nash archaeology in the upper Gila was dominated by James Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Denver, Colo- Fitting of Case Western University. Fitting, along with rado, USA: [email protected] his colleagues and associates, surveyed and excavated numerous sites. Many of the artifacts from these sites This poster presents the compositional analytical ended up with Felice (Fel) Brunett, one of Fitting’s results for over 500 obsidian chipped stone tools from associates, who lived in Fife Lake. While Fel had every the Martin Collection housed at the Field Museum intention to analyze and publish these collections, his of Natural History. Former museum curator and plans did not come to fruition before he passed away in renowned archaeologist, Paul S. Martin, conducted 2014. In July 2017, I visited Fife Lake to examine these numerous excavations at many sites in the American collections. Artifacts in the collection include previously Southwest between the 1920s and 1970s and the undocumented Mimbres bowls, dozens of arrow reeds assemblages from these excavations are housed at and other perishable materials from cave sites, and the museum today. Many materials from these proj- numerous ceramic, lithic, faunal, botanical artifacts. ects were not intensively studied, but with advances Once properly curated, these artifacts will provide new in both technology and in the characterization of data from sites, such as DeFausell, of which little was southwestern geological obsidian, we were able to previously known, and provide new insight on the pre- compositionally analyze the obsidian artifacts in the contact occupation of the upper Gila. collection and source the materials. We have been able to focus our research on identifying patterns in source exploitation, assessing how access to specific POSTER SESSION GROUP II: sources changed over time, and how site type (e.g., Field and Site-Based Research cave site with no architecture, cave site with architec- ture, pueblo site, pueblo site with kiva, etc.) impacted Modeling Ancestral Pueblo Water Acquisi- source exploitation. In this poster, we contextualize tion Costs as a Proxy for Community our results within a regional framework. While the Vulnerabilities to Climate Change results are preliminary, they do illustrate the diverse Michael Aiuvalasit and dynamic networks of exchange that characterized Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA the prehistoric American Southwest. [email protected] Ian Jorgeson Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA [email protected]

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In this poster we present a new approach for iden- results including a quantitative analysis of loca- tifying archaeological proxies for community tions, features, artifacts, and architectural data from vulnerabilities to climate change: least cost analyses over 2,000 unexcavated and excavated sites dating of water acquisition costs from archaeological sites to A.D. 1200–1600 in New Mexico on the Pajarito to water. We modeled the one-way cost for water Plateau, Rio Grande Valley, and the Jemez Plateau. A acquisition pairwise between 136 water sources and framework for future eligibility determinations, miti- 5,480 archaeological sites to explore Ancestral Pueblo gations, and future research are also presented. The vulnerabilities to hydrological droughts on the Jemez document resulted in the acquisition of new research and Pajarito Plateaus in the Jemez Mountains of New that advances northern New Mexico archaeology by Mexico. Our research finds that while hydrological demonstrating how fieldhouses varied in use and droughts would not make water acquisition costs appearance based on architecture and floor features. prohibitive, they would significantly increase the cost We also discuss a non-technical free public book based of water acquisition, generating lost opportunity costs on the fieldhouse context document to achieve wider for other pursuits. The findings also suggest that the public awareness about the local archaeology and Pajarito Plateau was more vulnerable to hydrological cultural preservation. droughts than the Jemez Plateau. The decline of the dual residence pattern and the increasing reliance on Preliminary Results of Magnetic Gradio- collective action strategies to buffer resource scarcity metry and Photogrammetric Imagery from on the Pajarito Plateau exacerbated Ancestral Pueblo La Playa, Sonora, Mexico (SON F:10:3) vulnerabilities to climatic variability. Therefore, hydro- Paula Hertfelder logical droughts cannot be ruled out as a factor in the State University of New York at Binghamton, New depopulation of Pajarito Plateau. York, USA; [email protected]

Results of the Northern Rio Grande Field- Covering an area of nearly ten square kilometers, house Context Study La Playa (SON F:10:3) is one of the most important Sean Dolan archaeological sites in northwest Mexico. While La Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Playa has been best known for its Early Agricultural Mexico, USA; [email protected] occupation, this research, funded through National Geographic, targets the poorly understood origins of Fieldhouses (1–3 room structures) are the most the Trincheras Tradition. This poster presents initial common structural site type in the Southwest. results of magnetic gradiometry and photogrammetric However, many aspects are not well understood imagery collected from the site in April 2017 as part because interpretations are based on surface of the ongoing binational project Proyecto La Playa. manifestations, and a comparative synthesis of Along with magnetic gradiometry data collection, excavation data is lacking. In 2012, tree-thinning several unmanned aerial vehicle flights with a Trimble activities adversely affected fieldhouses at Los Alamos UX5 captured photogrammetric images of the site. National Laboratory (LANL), and a Memorandum of This data has yielded the possible presence of irriga- Agreement (MOA) between the Department of Energy tion canals, pithouses, and thermal features. With and the State Historic Preservation Officer was signed erosion damaging much of La Playa, this research in 2016 to mitigate for the loss of cultural resources. documents at-risk features and suggests targeted The MOA stipulated that LANL archaeologists prepare excavation. a fieldhouse context document. Here we present the

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Pushing the Southwestern Boundary often ask how and where inhabitants of the landscape North: Fremont in the Southwestern acquired water. The connection between water and Context rock art sites within PEFO, and more broadly within the Ancient Southwest, has not been explored thor- Lindsay Johansson oughly. Through prior consultation, the Zuni, Hopi, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA Navajo, and Western Apache offered specific recom- [email protected] mendations to protect and preserve water, including Katie Richards water sources near or associated with rock art. During Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA a summer internship at PEFO in 2017, I examined [email protected] PEFO’s site records to establish a baseline record of known rock art sites within the park. With this infor- The southern rim of the Great Basin has generally mation, I carried out a spatial analysis of rock art represented the northernmost extent of the American proximity to water within the park. This exploratory Southwest. However, for a few centuries following AD research constitutes a step forward in understand- 1000, Southwestern people expanded into the eastern ing PEFO’s rock art heritage as well as the greater Great Basin. These people lived in organized communi- archaeological record of the Puerco River Valley. It ties, made distinctive painted pottery, traded with one also highlights the value of centering tribal interests another, constructed buildings for community activities, in research and preservation. grew corn, beans, potatoes, and other domesticates, and even traded with people from other Southwestern Use-Wear Analysis on Ground Stone from cultural groups. This poster examines the behavior of To’tsa Site AZ A:14:83 Fremont peoples through a Southwestern lens in an Daniel Perez attempt to better understand not only how Fremont University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA compares and contrasts, but also why. We suggest that [email protected] while Fremont peoples may have adopted many cul- tural traits from the Ancestral Pueblo, Mogollon, and Investigations on four archaeological sites in the Hohokam, they rejected many aspects too. In doing so, upland Virgin Branch Puebloan cultural region, they created a world in which they were relatively iso- from 2012 through 2014, were conducted as part of lated from the greater Southwest, while being uniquely the Shivwits Research Project under the direction of Southwestern. Karen Harry (University of Nevada, Las Vegas). The To’tsa site, investigated through surface collection Water and Rock Art of the Petrified Forest in 2012 and excavations in 2013 and 2014, provides National Park the site framework for this paper. From a total of nine Elissa McDavid discovered features at the To’tsa site, eight features Hendrix College, Conway, Arkansas, USA and six test units were excavated. Among the exca- [email protected] vation findings, 65 ground stone artifacts and 166 manuports were collected from the To’tsa site over the The Petrified Forest National Park (PEFO) exhibits course of two excavation seasons. While many ground considerable diversity in who was living in and tra- stone artifacts were collected from the To’tsa site, this versing this landscape for millennia. This is attested paper focuses exclusively on the objects classified as to by the great breadth of archaeological properties manos and handstones during initial post-field work within the park, including rock art. PEFO’s visitors analysis. This paper presents and discusses both a

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consideration of the initial classification of these arti- Land-Use Patterns and Landscape Persis- facts as manos and handstones as well as results of tence in the Southern Colorado Plateau a use-wear analysis on the 30 manos and handstones Danielle Soza collected from excavations conducted at the To’tsa University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA site in 2013 and 2014. [email protected]

Pueblo I Period Communities of the Petri- Recent research done by the University of Arizona at fied Forest Region, East-Central Arizona Rock Art Ranch, located on the southern Colorado R.J. Sinensky Plateau near Winslow, Arizona, yielded a wealth University of California at Los Angeles, California, USA of information on preceramic land use in an area [email protected] where prior research had not been conducted. Survey of a six square mile area recovered more than 162 Gregson Schachner projectile points ranging from Clovis to San Pedro, University of California at Los Angeles, California, USA 50 bifaces, and 88 sites. Multiple canyons crosscut- [email protected] ting the ranch carry water that results in a diverse range of flora and attracted animals to the area. Archaeological sites located in the western Puerco Additionally, cobble accumulations in two areas region of east-central Arizona played a significant along Chevelon Canyon, where over 3,000 preceramic role in foundational research on the Pueblo I period petroglyphs have been carved, provided local popula- in the northern Southwest, but have languished tions with ample lithic raw material. This poster understudied since. This poster presents recent survey looks at these resources to understand their role in data from Pueblo I period sites in the Petrified Forest explaining extensive use of the study area for over area, located along the far western reach of the 10,000 years. Samples of raw material from the local Puerco River. These data suggest variable community quarries will be compared to the materials used in structure, ranging from isolated mesa-top villages, the manufacture of the preceramic projectile points to dispersed hamlets centered around great kivas, to determine local and non-local procurement. This and aggregated villages with no visible community research will add new data to prior studies to provide architecture. A series of AMS radiocarbon dates on Zea an understanding of the broader patterns of land use mays specimens excavated during the 1950s suggests and landscape persistence of the mobile occupants of that at least one aggregated village was continuously this region. occupied between roughly AD 650–1000. Only the dispersed great kiva focused hamlet community remained occupied after AD 1000, but very few, large early sites exhibit evidence of use after AD 1000,

unlike well-known Pueblo I period aggregates in the upper Puerco valley. While it remains unclear whether differences between communities are attributable to distinct intragroup identities, or temporal differences between sites, similar variability continues to charac- terize Pueblo II and Pueblo III period settlement in the region, and may be in part rooted in these earlier communities.

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WORKSHOPS Comedy Venue in Miami, Jay has produced live comedy events for some of the biggest names in WORKSHOP I: entertainment including Viacom, Soho House & Live How to Be a More Engaging Speaker Nation. As co-founder of Pitch Lab, Jay combines the seemingly disparate worlds of sales and comedy Friday, January 5, 12:30pm–1:45m to help professionals be more confident, engaging Exploration Studios speakers. Presented by Jay Mays Ben Kronberg ([email protected]) is a Pitch Lab, Denver, Colorado, USA New York based stand-up comedian who headlines and comedy clubs and festivals all over the world. You’ve Ben Kronberg seen Ben tell jokes on Jimmy Kimmel Live, Late stand-up comedian, New York, USA Night With Seth Meyers, John Oliver’s NY Stand-Up Show and his very own half-hour comedy special on Sponsored by Metcalf Archaeology and the Denver Comedy Central. Museum of Nature & Science What do Chris Rock, George Carlin, and Tina Fey have in common? They’ve all achieved remarkable success WORKSHOP II: on stage because of their ability to command a room. Getting Your Book Published A whopping 93% of what you communicate comes from Friday, January 6, 4:00–5:00pm your presence, body language and vocal tone; only Exploration Studio 204 7% comes from what you actually say. It’s time to stop Presented by obsessing over papers and Powerpoint presentations and Allyson Carter start obsessing over your stage presence! Director, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona, USA Like a great comedy performance, a great presentation and is all about delivery. Learn how to better utilize your Jessica d’Arbonne body and voice to pitch in an engaging, entertaining Acquisitions Editor of the University Press of Colo- and unforgettable way using proven techniques from rado, Louisville, Colorado, USA your favorite comedians! Some takeaways from the stage: Join two experienced editors and publishers for a question-and-answer session on navigating the waters • Actionable strategies on how to improve your of academic book publishing. This discussion is ideal delivery and room command for scholars just starting their careers and looking to • Tips on using your voice to build tension, publish a book in the future, as well as experienced punctuate critical points and truly be heard scholars interested in knowing how the process of aca- • Moving with purpose demic publishing has changed in recent years. • The importance of breaking the “4th Wall” to increase audience engagement Allyson Carter, PhD, ([email protected]) is • Techniques to manage stage fright senior acquisitions editor of the University of Arizona Jay Mays ([email protected]) is a 20-year sales veteran Press and acquires manuscripts of high caliber for and stand-up comedy producer. From underdog specialists and general readers in anthropology, beginnings in dive bars to being awarded Best archaeology, Indigenous studies, and environmental

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science across the Southwest and the Americas. She how you can reach a broad, public audience. has contributed to the Press’s acquisitions team since 2003. Amanda Mascarelli ([email protected]) is the managing editor of SAPIENS.org, an award- Jessica d’Arbonne ([email protected]) is the winning digital magazine dedicated to making acquisitions editor at the University Press of Colo- anthropological research, thinking, and discoveries rado, acquiring books in archaeology, anthropology, accessible to a worldwide public readership. Her work and history. She is a graduate of the Denver Publish- has been published in The Washington Post, The New ing Institute and Emerson College. Currently she is York Times, Los Angeles Times, Nature, Science, New seeking innovative monographs and strong thematic Scientist, Audubon, and other publications. edited volumes on the greater Southwest region. Susan Moran ([email protected]) is a freelance writer covering energy, the environment, WORKSHOP III: science, and the culture of science for various pub- Writing for the Public lications, including The Economist, The New York Times, Nature, Discover, and Popular Science. She Saturday, January 6, 12:30pm–1:45pm taught reporting classes at the University of Colorado, Exploration Studios 102/103 Boulder for seven years. Before launching a freelance Presented by career, Moran was a staff reporter and editor at news Amanda Mascarelli organizations including Reuters and Business 2.0 Managing editor of Sapiens.org, Denver, Colorado, USA magazine. and Susan Moran Free-lance editor and author, Boulder, Colorado, USA Sponsored by the Denver Museum of Nature & Science If you’re itching to communicate your research in a way that resonates with a general-interest reader- ship—people like your grandparents, your mail carrier, and the person sitting next to you on the airplane—this workshop is for you. Two seasoned science journalists will offer hands-on coaching and guidance in how to write for popular audiences. They will offer practical tools and techniques that will help you to write in an engaging, accessible, and relevant way. They will share examples of publica- tions that welcome scientist’s writing, from essays and columns to opinion pieces, and will suggests ways you can pitch compelling ideas and catch an editor’s interest. Whether you’ve published a dozen articles or none at all, writing is a craft that must be cultivated. Please come join us to sharpen your skills and learn about

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ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF PRESENTERS Blakeslee, Donald J. Presenter. Quivira: An Alternate Reality. Paper Session I: Allison, James Plains/Pueblo (p. 9). Presenter. Early Pueblo I Villages in Southeastern Utah: Insights from Collections, Archives, and Fieldwork. Blinman, Eric Paper Session III: Collections (p. 15). Presenter. Theory, Technique, and Circularity: Time for a Renewal in Southwestern Archaeomagnetic Dating. With Aiuvalasit, Michael Jeffrey Royce Cox. Paper Session IV: Chronology (p. 17). Presenter. Modeling Ancestral Pueblo Water Acquisi- tion Costs as a Proxy for Community Vulnerabilities to Bryce, Joseph Climate Change. Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 24). Presenter. Emerging Patterns: Museum Collections in Archaeological Research. Paper Session III: Collections See also Burger, Rachel. (p. 14). Baller, Kendall Burger, Rachel Presenter. “Boundedness” in the Classic Mimbres Presenter. Raising a Rafter: Exploring Ancestral Period. Poster Group I: Collections (p. 21). Pueblo Intensification of Turkey Husbandry in the Baugh, Timothy G. Northern Rio Grande Region, New Mexico. With Presenter. The Art of Not Being Visible: Movement and Michael Aiuvalasit and Ian Jorgeson. Poster Group I: Identity Among the Wichita. Paper Session I: Plains/ Collections (p. 21). Pueblo (p. 9). Carter, Allyson Bayles, Joan Presenter. Workshop: Getting Your Book Published (p. 28). Presenter. Investigating the Origins of the Great Bend Cox, Jeffrey Royce Aspect through Reanalyzing Lithic Assemblages of Pratt See Blinman, Eric. Phase sites, the Zyba site, and 14RC410. Paper Session I: Plains/Pueblo (p. 10). d'Arbonne, Jessica Presenter. Workshop: Getting Your Book Published (p. 28). Bellorado, Benjamin A. Organizer. A Return to Context: Advancing Collections- Davis, Kaitlyn Based Research in the U.S. Southwest. With Saul L. Presenter. Social Mechanisms of Plains-Pueblo Eco- Hedquist. Paper Session III: Collections (p. 13). nomics: Analysis of Smoking Pipes at Pecos Pueblo. Paper Session I: Plains/Pueblo (p. 8). Presenter. Dressing Up in the Ancient Southwest: Pushing the Boundaries of Clothing Studies through Collections- and Doelle, William Field-based Research. Paper Session III: Collections (p. 16). Organizer. Bears Ears—Stories of an Effort to Protect Heritage on a Landscape Scale. Paper Session II: Bears Bischoff, Robert Ears (p. 11). Presenter. Getting the Right Impression: Using 3D Models to Investigate Impressions of Perishable Arti- Presenter. Visual Introduction to Bears Ears National facts. Poster Group I: Collections (p. 21). Monument and Advocacy Key Topics. Paper Session II: Bears Ears (p. 11). Bishop, Katelyn J. Presenter. Age is Only a Number: Reassessing Nearly a Dolan, Sean Century of Faunal Remains and Excavation Data from Presenter. Results of the Northern Rio Grande Field- Chaco Canyon. With Samantha G. Fladd and Adam S. house Context Study. Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 25). Watson. Paper Session III: Collections (p. 15).

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Dombrosky, Jonathan Tiwa Origins and Identity. With Jun Ueno Sunseri. Paper Presenter. Instruments of Captivity: Exploring the Rela- Session I: Plains-Pueblo (p. 7). tionship between Raptor Management and Whistle/Flute Hanson, Kelsey Production in Pueblo IV New Mexico. Poster Group I: Presenter. Trail Networks and Ritual Practice in the Collections (p. 22). “Bad Country” of West-Central New Mexico: Counter- Eiselt, B. Sunday Narratives to Volcanic Disasters. Poster Group I: Presenter. Understanding “Reach” In Athapaskan Collections (p 23). Origins and Interactions in the American Southwest. Hedquist, Saul L. With John W. Ives. Paper Session I: Plains/Pueblo (p. 8). Presenter. Shelves to Knowledge: Museum Collections Ewing, Josh and Southwest Archaeology in the 21st Century. With Presenter. The Role of Nontribal Nonprofits in Support- Will G. Russell. Paper Session III: Collections (p. 13). ing Bears Ears National Monument. Paper Session II: See also Bellorado, Benjamin, Organizer. Bears Ears (p. 12). Hertfelder, Paula Feinman, Gary M. Presenter. Preliminary Results of Magnetic Gradiometry See Riebe, Danielle. and Photogrammetric Imagery from La Playa, Sonora, Ferguson, Jeffrey R. Mexico (SON F:10:3). Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 25). Presenter. Update on the Integrated Southwest Ceramic Hodgins, Gregory NAA Database. With Matthew A. Peeples. Poster Group I: Presenter. Challenges and Solutions for High Resolu- Collections (p. 22). tion Radiocarbon-Based Chronologies of Building Fladd, Samantha G. Sequences: A Case Study from Montezuma Castle, See Bishop, Katelyn J. Arizona. With Nicholas Kessler, Lucas Hoedl, Matt Guebard. Paper Session IV: Chronology (p. 18). Fowles, Severin Presenter. The Rio Grande Origins of the Plains Bio- Hoedl, Lucas graphic Tradition. Paper Session I: Plains/Pueblo (p. 10). See Hodgins, Gregory. Giomi, Evan Ives, John W. Presenter. Distance from Source Analysis of Ceramic See B. Sunday Eiselt. Consumption in the Chaco World. Poster Group I: Col- Johansson, Lindsay lections (p. 22). Presenter. Pushing the Southwestern Boundary North: Grayeyes, Willie Fremont in the Southwestern Context. With Katie Richards. Presenter. Utah Diné Bikeyah—Developing Initial Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 26). Support for Bears Ears and Defending the New Jorgenson, Ian National Monument. Paper Session II: Bears Ears See Burger, Rachel. (p. 12). See also Aiuvalasit, Michael. Guebard, Matt See Hodgins, Gregory. Kelly, Robert L. See Robinson, Erick. Habicht-Mauche, Judith A. Presenter. Taos Gray Pottery from the Southern Park Kessler, Nicholas Plateau, New Mexico, and its Implications for Northern See Hodgins, Gregory.

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Knight, Terry Miller, Myles R. Presenter. A Ute Tribal Perspective on Bears Ears Organizer. Chronological “Big Data” and Pre-Columbian National Monument and an Overview of the Role of the History in the Southwest. Paper Session IV: Chronology Bears Ears Tribal Commission. Paper Session II: Bears (p. 16). Ears (p. 12). Presenter. The Late Holocene Chronometric and Archaeo- Koons, Michele L. logical Record of Southern New Mexico: New Insights and See Ortman, Scott G. (Organizer). New Revelations. Paper Session IV: Chronology (p. 19). Kronberg, Ben See also Nash, Stephen E. (Presenter). Presenter. Workshop: How to Be a More Engaging Montgomery, Lindsay M. Speaker (p. 28). See Fowles, Severin. Lambert, Spencer Moran, Susan Presenter. An Examination of Fremont Large Game Presenter. Workshop: Writing for the Public (p. 29). Hunting Practices. Poster Group I: Collections (p. 23). Nash, Stephen E. Lekson, Stephen Presenter. Chronometrics, Chronologies, and Convergences Presenter. Keynote Address. across the Prehispanic Southwest. With Myles Miller. Lindeman, Michael Paper Session IV: Chronology (p.17). Presenter. Modeling Time from 2100 BC to AD 1450 in Presenter. Big Dendro Data: Strengths and Limitations Central and Southern Arizona. With James Vint. Paper of Large Tree-Ring Date Datasets. Paper Session IV: Session IV: Chronology (p. 18). Chronology (p. 17). Mahoney, Meredith See also Miller, Myles (Organizer). Presenter. By Any Means: Advancing Interpretation of Quivira through Survey and Documentary Analysis. See also Riebe, Danielle. Paper Session I: Plains/Pueblo (p. 10). Nicholson, Chris Mascarelli, Amanda See Robinson, Erick.

Presenter. Workshop: Writing for the Public (p. 29). Oas, Sarah E. Mattson, Hannah V. Presenter. Secret Ingredients: Using Existing Collections Presenter. Using Old Collections to Gain New Insights to Address Foodways and their Social Dynamics. Paper on Chaco Identity: Analyzing Ornaments from Pueblo Session III: Collections (p. 14). Bonito and Aztec West Ruin. Paper Session III: Collec- Onken, Jill tions (p. 13). Presenter. Local and Regional Archaeological Implications Mays, Jay of Late Holocene Geomorphic Change on the Southern Presenter. Workshop: How to Be a More Engaging Colorado Plateau. Paper Session IV: Chronology (p. 19). Speaker (p. 28). Ortman, Scott McDavid, Elissa Organizer. Expanding Perspectives on Plains-Pueblo Presenter. Water and Rock Art of the Petrified Forest Interaction. With Michele L. Koons. Paper Session I: National Park. Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 26). Plains/Pueblo (p. 7).

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Presenter. Re-thinking the Protohistoric Pueblo Economy Seowtewa, Octavius in Light of Plains-Pueblo Exchange. Paper Session I: Presenter. A Zuni Perspective on Bears Ears National Plains/Pueblo (p. 8). Monument. Paper Session II: Bears Ears (p. 12). Peeples, Matthew A. Seymour, Deni J. See Ferguson, Jeffrey R. Presenter. The Xoum-ma-no Pueblos, Where They Come Often to Trade. Paper Session I: Plains/Pueblo (p. 9). Perez, Daniel Presenter. Use-Wear Analysis on Ground Stone from Simpson, Jessica To’tsa Site AZ A:14:83. Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 26). Presenter. Beyond Design: Evidence of Actual Use in Col- lections of Casas Grades Ceramic Vessels. Paper Session Railey, Jim A. III: Collections (p. 14). Presenter. Radiocarbon Dates, Climate Change, and Long-term Trends in Far Southeastern New Mexico. Paper Sinensky, R.J. Session IV: Chronology (p. 19). Presenter. Pueblo I Period Communities of the Petri- fied Forest Region, East-Central Arizona. With Gregson Richards, Katie Schachner. Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 27). See Johansson, Lindsay. Sunseri, Jun Ueno Riebe, Danielle See Habicht-Mauche, Judith A. Presenter. Obsidian Use and Circulation in the American Southwest: New Analysis of the Martin Collection at the Soza, Danielle Field Museum. With Gary M. Feinman and Stephen E. Presenter. Land-Use Patterns and Landscape Persistence Nash. Poster Group I: Collections (p. 24). in the Southern Colorado Plateau. Poster Group II: Field/Site (p. 27). Robinson, Erick Presenter. Late Holocene Climate Change and Human Vint, James Demography in the American Southwest: A View from See Lindeman, Michael. the ‘Periphery’. With Chris Nicholson, Robert L. Kelly & Watson, Adam S. John Ruple. Paper Session IV: Chronology (p. 20). See Bishop, Katelyn J. Ruple, John Presenter. The Antiquities Act, Public Lands Issues, and Utah as the Context for Bears Ears National Monument. SOUTHWEST SYMPOSIUM LEADERSHIP Paper Session II: Bears Ears (p. 11). President: Matthew H. Peeples, Arizona State University See also Robinson, Erick. Treasurer: Laurie Webster, Independent Researcher

Donna Glowacki, University of Notre Dame Russell, Will G. Stephen E. Nash, Denver Museum of Nature & Science See Hedquist, Saul L. Gregson Schachner, University of California at Los Angeles Schachner, Gregson Kari Schleher, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center See Simensky, R.J. Mike Searcy, Brigham Young University Sedig, Jacob Southwest Symposium Organizers (2018): Stephen E. Presenter. From New Mexico to Michigan and Back Nash, Taylor Foreman, Chip Colwell, Michele L. Again: Shedding New Light on “Legacy” Collections from Koons the Upper Gila. Poster Group I: Collections (p. 24).

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WWW.DMNS.ORG/SCIENCE/MUSEUM-PUBLICATIONS Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports (Print) ISSN 2374-7730 2001 Colorado Boulevard Denver, CO 80205 Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports (Online) ISSN 2374-7749

Frank Krell, PhD, Editor and Production

Cover photos: In keeping with our theme "Pushing Boundaries", these three artifacts from the Denver Museum of Nature & Science collections extended the geographic, temporal, and techno-stylistic boundaries of their day. The split twig figurine (DMNS Neg. No. 076_a1291_1-1; photo by Scott Dressel-Martin) is from Dolores Cave in western Colorado and is ca. 5,000 years old. As such, it is The Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports (ISSN the earliest and easternmost known example of this 2374-7730 [print], ISSN 2374-7749 [online]) is an open- artifact type. This Show Low polychrome jar (DMNS access, non peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing Neg. No. IV.CI-A2034.33.D; photo by Rick Wicker) papers about DMNS research, collections, or other is but one example of the thousands of such pots Museum related topics, generally authored or co-authored produced in mountainous regions of Arizona by Museum staff or associates. Peer review will only be and New Mexico as extensive migrations pushed arranged on request of the authors. communities together to shape new meaning systems. The Archaic projectile point (DMNS Neg. The journal is available online at www.dmns.org/Science/ No. AN-2001-133 2865; Photo by Rick Wicker) is Museum-Publications free of charge. Paper copies are from the Magic Mountain site in Golden, Colorado, exchanged via the DMNS Library exchange program which is currently being excavated by DMNS ([email protected]) or are available for purchase curator Michele Koons. The Magic Mountain site from our print-on-demand publisher Lulu (www.lulu.com). is a multi-component site containing evidence of DMNS owns the copyright of the works published in the interactions between Plains and Mountain-focused Reports, which are published under the Creative Commons peoples over thousands of years. Attribution Non-Commercial license. For commercial use of published material contact the Alfred M. Bailey Library & Archives at [email protected]. Sponsors of the 16th Biannual Southwest Symposium January 4–6, 2018 DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS DENVER MUSEUMDENVER OF NATURE & SCIENCE NUMBER 9, JANUARY 4, 2018 REPORTS • NUMBER 9 JANUARY 4, 2018

Pushing Boundaries Program and Abstracts of the 16th Biennial Southwest Symposium January 4–6, 2018 Denver, Colorado

Stephen E. Nash (Ed.)

WWW.DMNS.ORG/SCIENCE/MUSEUM-PUBLICATIONS