DOCSLIB.ORG

Taxonomic Revision of Rhinella Granulosa Species Group (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae), with a Description of a New Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Taxonomic Revision of Rhinella Granulosa Species Group (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae), with a Description of a New Species Volume 40(1):1‑73, 2009 Taxonomic revision of RHINELLA GRANULOSA species group (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae), with a description of a new species Patrícia Narvaes1,2 Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues1,3 AbstRACT An extensive review of Rhinella granulosa species group was conducted based on external morphological and morphometrical characteristics. Data set included 8700 specimens deposited in 35 collections, representing 865 localities, from South and Central America. Twelve species were recognized for the group, one described as new; they are: Rhinella granulosa (Northeastern Brazil), R. pygmaea (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil), R. bergi (Paraguay, Northwestern Argentina, and Mato Grosso State, Brazil), R. major (Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and North and Western Brazil), R. mirandaribeiroi (Central Brazil and Bolivia), R. azarai (Provincia de Misiones, Argentina, Paraguay, and Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil), R. nattereri (Venezuela, Guiana, Roraima State, Brazil), R. fernandezae (Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil), R. dorbignyi (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Uruguay, and Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil), R. merianae (Venezuela, Surinam, Guiana, and Brazilian States of Amazonas and Roraima), R. humboldti (Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, Guiana, Trinidad), R. centralis sp. n. (Panama). External morphological characters, such as head and snout shape, type of cephalic crests, size of tympanum, size and shape of parotoid gland, and skin granulation, are some of the traits used to identify the species. For each species, comparative diagnosis, description, and summaries of distribution are provided. An artificial key to species is also presented. The geographic distributions of species of Rhinella are largely associated with the open habitats of South America and Panama. Keywords: Bufonidae; Rhinella granulosa group; Taxonomic revision; Geographic distribution; South and Central America. INTRODUCTION terized by having a small parotoid gland, wart skin, and well-developed and keratinized cranial crests. Rhinella granulosa group assembles common, The first two species of the group were described moderate-sized, and wide-ranging South American in the 19th century: Rhinella granulosa (Spix, 1824) toads, occurring also in Panama. Species are charac- from Bahia, Brazil, and Rhinella dorbignyi (Duméril & 1. Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461, 05422-970, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. 2. E-mail: [email protected] 3. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Narvaes, P. & Rodrigues, M.T.: Taxonomic revision of RHINELLA GRANULOSA species group Bibron, 1841), from Montevideo, Uruguay. In subse- distributions are provided for all recognized taxa, in- quent years, these names were randomly used on the cluding a description of a new species. The geographic attempt to identify specimens found between the type distribution of the species is discussed hereinafter. localities of the two species (Gallardo, 1957). In 1936, Müller & Hellmich described a subspecies for Rhinella granulosa (Rhinella granulosa major) from San José de MATERIAL AND METHODS Chiquitos, Bolivia. Rhinella pygmaea was described by Myers & Carvalho in 1952, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, External morphology and another subspecies (Rhinella granulosa fernandezae) was described by Gallardo in 1957 from Argentina. Up to 8700 specimens deposited in 35 collec- Distribution and taxonomy of the forms of tions were studied representing 865 localities in South the group were first assigned by Gallardo (1965), and Central America. Specimens examined are in Ap- who recognized 14 subspecies of Rhinella granu- pendix 1. The following external morphological char- losa (R. g. major, R. g. fernandezae, R. g. dorbignyi, acters were examined. R. g. granulosa, R. g. pygmaea, R. g. azarai, R. g. beebei, R. g. humboldti, R. g. merianae, R. g. mirandaribeiroi, R. g. mini, R. g. lutzi, R. g. goeldii, and R. g. barbouri). Head shape The author presented a hypothesis to explain the dis- tribution of the subspecies based on their fidelity to Three categories of head shape were recognized the South American hydrographic systems. After his in dorsal view: rounded (Fig. 1A), elongated (Fig. 1B) work, two other forms were described for the group: or subtriangular (Fig. 1C). The rounded head is semi- Rhinella granulosa nattereri (Bokermann, 1967), and circular with a short snout (tip of snout not surpass- Rhinella bergi (Cespedez, 2002). A few of the subspe- ing anterior margin of maxilla in ventral and dorsal cies (Rhinella fernandezae, Rhinella dorbignyi, Rhinella views (Figs. 2A and 2C), or with a slightly protruding pygmaea) were elevated to specific rank by Cei (1968, snout. The head shape exhibited in Fig. 2D occur in 1972), a decision followed by other authors (Acha- only one species of the group and it is also considered val & Olmos, 1997; Carvalho e Silva & Carvalho e in the rounded category; although it is not perfectly Silva, 1994; Duellman, 1999; Langone, 1999; Lavilla rounded in profile due to the presence of a long snout; et al., 1992; Maneyro et al., 1995). In 1986, Rivero nevertheless, the circumference of the head is consid- et al. considered Rhinella beebei a valid species based erably perceptible. The subtriangular head is wide on information available in the literature and on in- with a long snout (Fig. 2F). The elongated head is dications of sympatry among the subspecies described narrow with a long snout (Fig. 2E). by Gallardo. Besides the absence of a thoroughly revi- sion, this decision was followed by Frost (2008), who recognized six species for the group (Rhinella granu- Snout shape losa, Rhinella dorbignyi, Rhinella fernandezae, Rhinella pygmaea, Rhinella bergi, and Rhinella beebei). In dorsal view, the snout can be rounded or Nevertheless, the diagnosis and descriptions squared (Fig. 2D); in lateral view, it can be rounded made available by Gallardo and subsequent authors (Figs. 3A and 3C) or straight (Figs. 3D and 3F). In were inadequate to recognize taxonomic variation in lateral and dorsal view, the snout can be short (tip the group, and Rhinella granulosa remain as a conve- of snout not surpassing anterior margin of maxilla nience name for this complex. The amount of mate- or surpassing it only slightly); or long (tip of snout rial accumulated in collections over the past 40 years highly surpassing anterior margin of maxilla). provides a new perspective in this scenario, allowing an extensive taxonomic revision of the group, stated as needed by several authors (Klappenbach & Langone, Dorsal body granulation 1992; Langone, 1994; Prigioni & Achaval, 1992). The purpose of this study is to provide, based on Dorsal granulation can vary in intensity but museum specimens, an analysis of geographic variation tubercles are always keratinized, partially or totally. of the forms of Rhinella granulosa species group in South Tubercles can be conical, rounded or elongated; flat- and Central America and to determine their taxonomic tened or fleshy. Pungent conical tubercles can be al- status. Detailed diagnoses and descriptions, an artifi- most entirely keratinized or have one to several kera- cial key to identification, and a summary of the known tinized spicules. Arquivos de Zoologia, 40(1), 2009 Head granulation Cephalic crests Skin is always smooth; when present, keratin- All species of R. granulosa group present cephal- ized granules, spicules or flecks are always spaced out, ic crests with keratinized borders. Regarding height, leaving portions of smooth skin visible between them. crests can be high or low. In high crests, borders are A few species present a more intense granulation on usually continuous (Figs. 2A and 2C); in low crests, top of head (Fig. 2D) than others, where granulation they are usually discontinuous, granulose (Figs. 2D is more spaced (Figs. 2C and 2F). Keratinization cov- and 2F). In some cases, crests with continuous borders ering tubercles, granules, and crests may fade after may present gaps (Fig. 2B); and crests with granulose long periods of storage and manipulation. borders may present a few united granules (Fig. 2E). Cephalic crests may be bulky (Fig. 2C). The following categories of cephalic crests were Color pattern recognized: Dorsal colors vary from dark-brown to light ol- Supraorbital crest ive-green, with dark spots. In dark-brown patterns, spots are nonexistent or not conspicuous. A labial Supraorbital crest is situated dorsally to eye, stripe, lightly colored or spotted, may be present be- between canthal and supratympanic crests. It can be tween upper maxilla and infraorbital crest, visible or straight, forming a continuous straight line with can- not in dorsal view. thal and supra tympanic crests (Fig. 2C) or, as in most cases, rounded (Fig. 2E). Compared to other cephalic crests, supraorbital crest presents the highest varia- Longitudinal dorsal stripe tion related to height (high or low), thickness (thin or bulky), and type of keratinization (continuous or A mid-dorsal longitudinal stripe, white, yellow granular). When high and continuous, it can be later- or lighter than the dorsal color pattern, extending ally and posteriorly wrinkled, and gapped or serrate from nostril or eye level to end of body, can be pres- at the top (Fig. 2B). When granular, the granules can ent (Figs. 2B, 2C and 2E) or absent. When present, it be well individualized or partially united. Interorbital is better visualized if observed through the glass of a portion of supraorbital crest can be strongly
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Brachydactyly in the Toad Rhinella Granulosa (Bufonidae) from the Caatinga of Brazil: a Rare Case with All Limbs Affected
    Herpetology Notes, volume 11: 445-448 (2018) (published online on 24 May 2018) Brachydactyly in the toad Rhinella granulosa (Bufonidae) from the Caatinga of Brazil: a rare case with all limbs affected Larissa L. Correia1,2, João P. F. A. Almeida1, Barnagleison S. Lisboa3 and Filipe A. C. Nascimento3,4,* Amphibians are unique among tetrapods due to toads and frogs (e.g. Flyaks and Borkin, 2003; Guerra their biphasic life cycle and permeable skin. These and Aráoz, 2016; Silva-Soares and Mônico, 2017). features make them sensitive to potentially dangerous While conducting a survey of Rhinella granulosa exogenous factors that can affect their development (Spix, 1824) specimens deposited in the herpetological and generate body malformations. However, some collection of the Museu de História Natural of the endogenous factors, such as gene mutations, can also Universidade Federal de Alagoas, we found a specimen be the cause of some malformations (e.g. Droin et (MUFAL 8138) with bilateral brachydactyly on the fore- al., 1970; Droin, 1992). Although common in natural and hindlimbs. We used x-ray photographs taken using populations reaching a prevalence rate of 2–5% (Lunde a dental x-ray machine Dabi Atlante Spectro II in order and Johnson, 2012), these abnormalities might affect to confirm the malformation and verify the limb bone individual fitness and thus contribute to the reduction of arrangement. Specimen identification was confirmed amphibian populations (Johnson et al., 2003). based on the diagnosis of Narvaes and Rodrigues (2009), Most cases of malformations in amphibians affect the which reviewed the taxonomy of Rhinella granulosa appendicular skeleton, mainly the bones of the limbs species group.
    [Show full text]
  • Bufadienolides from the Skin Secretions of the Neotropical Toad Rhinella Alata (Anura: Bufonidae): Antiprotozoal Activity Against Trypanosoma Cruzi
    molecules Article Bufadienolides from the Skin Secretions of the Neotropical Toad Rhinella alata (Anura: Bufonidae): Antiprotozoal Activity against Trypanosoma cruzi Candelario Rodriguez 1,2,3 , Roberto Ibáñez 4 , Luis Mojica 5, Michelle Ng 6, Carmenza Spadafora 6 , Armando A. Durant-Archibold 1,3,* and Marcelino Gutiérrez 1,* 1 Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Apartado 0843-01103, Panama; [email protected] 2 Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur 522510, India 3 Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Apartado 0824-03366, Panama 4 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), Balboa, Ancon P.O. Box 0843-03092, Panama; [email protected] 5 Centro Nacional de Metrología de Panamá (CENAMEP AIP), Apartado 0843-01353, Panama; [email protected] 6 Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular de Enfermedades, INDICASAT AIP, Apartado 0843-01103, Panama; [email protected] (M.N.); [email protected] (C.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.A.D.-A.); [email protected] (M.G.) Abstract: Toads in the family Bufonidae contain bufadienolides in their venom, which are charac- Citation: Rodriguez, C.; Ibáñez, R.; terized by their chemical diversity and high pharmacological potential. American trypanosomiasis Mojica, L.; Ng, M.; Spadafora, C.; is a neglected disease that affects an estimated 8 million people in tropical and subtropical coun- Durant-Archibold, A.A.; Gutiérrez, M. tries. In this research, we investigated the chemical composition and antitrypanosomal activity Bufadienolides from the Skin of toad venom from Rhinella alata collected in Panama.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of the Amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and Annotated Species List, Distribution, and Conservation 1,2César L
    Mannophryne vulcano, Male carrying tadpoles. El Ávila (Parque Nacional Guairarepano), Distrito Federal. Photo: Jose Vieira. We want to dedicate this work to some outstanding individuals who encouraged us, directly or indirectly, and are no longer with us. They were colleagues and close friends, and their friendship will remain for years to come. César Molina Rodríguez (1960–2015) Erik Arrieta Márquez (1978–2008) Jose Ayarzagüena Sanz (1952–2011) Saúl Gutiérrez Eljuri (1960–2012) Juan Rivero (1923–2014) Luis Scott (1948–2011) Marco Natera Mumaw (1972–2010) Official journal website: Amphibian & Reptile Conservation amphibian-reptile-conservation.org 13(1) [Special Section]: 1–198 (e180). Catalogue of the amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and annotated species list, distribution, and conservation 1,2César L. Barrio-Amorós, 3,4Fernando J. M. Rojas-Runjaic, and 5J. Celsa Señaris 1Fundación AndígenA, Apartado Postal 210, Mérida, VENEZUELA 2Current address: Doc Frog Expeditions, Uvita de Osa, COSTA RICA 3Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Apartado Postal 1930, Caracas 1010-A, VENEZUELA 4Current address: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Río Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre, RS 90619–900, BRAZIL 5Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Altos de Pipe, apartado 20632, Caracas 1020, VENEZUELA Abstract.—Presented is an annotated checklist of the amphibians of Venezuela, current as of December 2018. The last comprehensive list (Barrio-Amorós 2009c) included a total of 333 species, while the current catalogue lists 387 species (370 anurans, 10 caecilians, and seven salamanders), including 28 species not yet described or properly identified. Fifty species and four genera are added to the previous list, 25 species are deleted, and 47 experienced nomenclatural changes.
    [Show full text]
  • Interaction of the Toads Rhinella Rubescens (Lutz, 1925) and R
    Herpetology Notes, volume 14: 1137-1139 (2021) (published online on 20 August 2021) Interaction of the toads Rhinella rubescens (Lutz, 1925) and R. diptycha (Cope, 1862) with artificial road lights in central Brazil Leonardo P. Fraga1,* and Helga C. Wiederhecker2 The impact of roads on biodiversity starts with In Brazil, the genus Rhinella is represented by 40 habitat destruction, persists through time, and might species (Segalla et al., 2019). Among them, species of the be aggravated by traffic and road characteristics R. marina group (sensu Pramuk, 2006) present cranial (Trombulak and Frissell, 2000; Coffin, 2007). Species crests and distinctive, large parotoid glands (Maciel characteristics may also play an important role, and et al., 2007; Pramuk et al., 2008). In Brasília, Distrito studies contemplating terrestrial vertebrates have Federal, Brazil, the R. marina group is represented by revealed amphibians as particularly vulnerable to three species: R. diptycha (Cope, 1862), R. rubescens traffic (Glista et al., 2007; Healey et al., 2020). Among (Lutz, 1925), and R. cerradensis Maciel et al., 2007 anurans, species that perform massive seasonal (Vaz-Silva et al., 2020). Despite their conspicuous size, migrations for resources, such as food and reproductive information regarding the interaction of these species sites, are particularly affected by traffic (Elzanowski with roads and artificial lights are scarce. Here we et al., 2009; Langen et al., 2009; Beebee, 2013). report on the interaction of individuals of two species of Additionally, some road structures, such as manholes, the R. marina group with the headlights of a car. drains, and basins, can accumulate rainwater, creating The interaction occurred on the 17 November 2019 at temporary bodies of water that attract anurans (Le Viol 19:30 h on a rural road (5 m wide) east of Santa Maria, et al., 2012; Cunnington et al., 2014; Sterrett et al., Distrito Federal, Brazil (16.0082°S, 47.8886°W).
    [Show full text]
  • New Species of the Rhinella Crucifer Group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado
    Zootaxa 3265: 57–65 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) New species of the Rhinella crucifer group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado WILIAN VAZ-SILVA1,2,5, PAULA HANNA VALDUJO3 & JOSÉ P. POMBAL JR.4 1 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Universitário de Goiás – Uni-Anhanguera, Rua Professor Lázaro Costa, 456, CEP: 74.415-450 Goiânia, GO, Brazil. 2 Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Cx. Postal 131 CEP: 74.001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil. 3 Departamento de Ecologia. Universidade de São Paulo. Rua do Matão, travessa 14. CEP: 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 4 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional, Quinta da Boa Vista, CEP: 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 5 Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of Rhinella of Central Brazil from the Rhinella crucifer group is described. Rhinella inopina sp. nov. is restricted to the disjunct Seasonal Tropical Dry Forests enclaves in the western Cerrado biome. The new species is characterized mainly by head wider than long, shape of parotoid gland, and oblique arrangement of the parotoid gland. Data on natural history and distribution are also presented. Key words: Rhinella crucifer group, Seasonally Dry Forest, Cerrado, Central Brazil Introduction The cosmopolitan Bufonidae family (true toads) presented currently 528 species. The second most diverse genus of Bufonidae, Rhinella Fitzinger 1826, comprises 77 species, distributed in the Neotropics and some species were introduced in several world locations (Frost 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Release and Distress Calls of Rhinella Abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi & HADDAD, 2004)
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Herpetozoa Jahr/Year: 2017 Band/Volume: 30_1_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): Batista Vinicius G., Oda Fabricio H., Amaral Diogo F. do, Costa Nathane de Q., Macel Natan M., Bastos Rogerio P. Artikel/Article: Release and distress calls of Rhinella abei (BALDISSERA, CARAMASCHI & HADDAD, 2004), and Rhinella icteria (SPIX, 1824) 100-105 All_Short_Notes_(Seiten 59-112):SHORT_NOTE.qxd 07.08.2017 19:51 Seite 42 100 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 30 (1/2) Wien, 30. Juli 2017 SHORT NOTE GRilliTScH , H. & F ARkAS , B. & G ál , J. & S ušić , G . NATAlE et al. 2011 ; TO lEDO et al. 2014). (2006): Herpetofaunal data from cres island, croatia.- loud and explosive notes characterize the Herpetozoa, Wien; 19 (1/2): 27-58. TRAPP , B. (2007): Amphibien und Reptilien des griechischen Festlandes; distress call, which distinguishes it from Münster (Natur und Tier - Verlag), pp. 279. VEiTH , G . other vocalizations ( DuEllMAN & T RuEB (1991): Die Reptilien Bosniens und der Herzegowina, 1994 ). Distress calls can be emitted with Teil ii.- Herpetozoa, Wien; 4 (1/2): 1-96. WiRTH , M. mouth open or closed ( TOlEDO & HADDAD (2009): königinnen der europäischen Schlangen: Vierstreifennatter ( Elaphe quatuorlineata ), Äskulap - 2009). calls are stereotyped and also help natter ( Zamenis longissimus ) und leopardnatter ( Za - to identify differences among species menis situla ).- Draco, Münster; 10 (3): 61-74. ŽAGAR , (cARVAlHO et al. 2013). in the present note, A. & c AFuTA , V. & D RAšlER , k. & J AGAR , T. & k RO- the authors describe the release and distress FEl , M. & l uŽNik , M.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Genome Assembly of the Invasive Cane Toad, Rhinella Marina
    GigaScience, 7, 2018, 1–13 doi: 10.1093/gigascience/giy095 Advance Access Publication Date: 7 August 2018 Data Note Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gigascience/article-abstract/7/9/giy095/5067871 by Macquarie University user on 17 March 2019 DATA NOTE Draft genome assembly of the invasive cane toad, Rhinella marina † † Richard J. Edwards1, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu1, , Timothy G. Amos1, , Denis O’Meally2,MarkF.Richardson3,4, Tonia L. Russell5, Marcelo Vallinoto6,7, Miguel Carneiro6,NunoFerrand6,8,9, Marc R. Wilkins1,5, Fernando Sequeira6, Lee A. Rollins3,10, Edward C. Holmes11, Richard Shine12 and Peter A. White 1,* 1School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia, 2Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2052, Australia, 3School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia, 4Bioinformatics Core Research Group, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia, 5Ramaciotti Centre for Genomics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia, 6CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigac¸ao˜ em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos,´ Universidade do Porto, Vairao,˜ Portugal, 7Laboratorio´ de Evoluc¸ao,˜ Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Para,´ Braganc¸a, Para,´ Brazil, 8Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciencias,ˆ Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal, 9Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of
    [Show full text]
  • HISTÓRIA NATURAL DE Rhinella Pygmaea (MYERS & CARVALHO, 1952), ESPÉCIE ENDÊMICA DA MATA ATLÂNTICA DO SUDESTE BRASILEIRO
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO CAIO ANTÔNIO FIGUEIREDO DE ANDRADE HISTÓRIA NATURAL DE Rhinella pygmaea (MYERS & CARVALHO, 1952), ESPÉCIE ENDÊMICA DA MATA ATLÂNTICA DO SUDESTE BRASILEIRO Campos dos Goytacazes 2017 ii CAIO ANTÔNIO FIGUEIREDO DE ANDRADE HISTÓRIA NATURAL DE Rhinella pygmaea (MYERS & CARVALHO, 1952), ESPÉCIE ENDÊMICA DA MATA ATLÂNTICA DO SUDESTE BRASILEIRO Tese apresentada ao Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciência Animal, na Área de Concentração de Sanidade Animal e Linha de Pesquisa de Morfologia e Patologia Animal. ORIENTADOR: Prof. Dr. Leonardo Serafim da Silveira Campos dos Goytacazes 2017 iii CAIO ANTÔNIO FIGUEIREDO DE ANDRADE HISTÓRIA NATURAL DE Rhinella pygmaea (MYERS & CARVALHO, 1952), ESPÉCIE ENDÊMICA DA MATA ATLÂNTICA DO SUDESTE BRASILEIRO Tese apresentada ao Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciência Animal, na Área de Concentração de Sanidade Animal e Linha de Pesquisa de Morfologia e Patologia Animal. Aprovada em 06 de abril de 2017 BANCA EXAMINADORA ___________________________________________________________________ Ana Maria Paulino Telles de Carvalho e Silva (Doutora, Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia)) - UNIRIO ___________________________________________________________________ Sergio Potsch de Carvalho e Silva (Doutor, Ciências
    [Show full text]
  • La Reserva Natural Del Puerto Mar Del Plata, Oasis Urbano De Vida Silvestre
    RESERVA NATURAL DEL PUERTO MAR DEL PLATA, UN OASIS URBANO DE VIDA SILVESTRE Universidad FASTA Gran Canciller Dr. Fr. Aníbal E. Fosbery Rector Dr. Juan Carlos Mena Decano Facultad de Ingeniería Ing. Roberto Giordano Lerena Secretaria de Investigación y Postgrado Lic. Mónica Pascual Coordinador de Ingeniería Ambiental Ing. Simón Caparrós RESERVA NATURAL DEL PUERTO MAR DEL PLATA, UN OASIS URBANO DE VIDA SILVESTRE Silvia Graciela De Marco Laura Estela Vega Patricio Juan Bellagamba Universidad FASTA Mar del Plata, junio de 2011 2010 -2016 Bicentenario de la Patria Reserva Natural del Puerto Mar del Plata, un oasis urbano de vida silvestre / coordinado por Silvia Graciela De Marco ; Laura Estela Vega ; Patricio Juan Bellagamba. - 1a ed. - Mar del Plata : Universidad FASTA, 2011. Ebook . : il. eISBN 978-987-1312-37-5 1. Reservas Naturales. I. De Marco, Silvia Graciela, coord. II. Vega, Laura Estela, coord. III. Bellagamba, Patricio Juan, coord. CDD 333.951 6 Fecha de catalogación: 02/06/2010 Responsable de Edición Lic. José Miguel Ravasi © Universidad FASTA Ediciones Facultad de Ingeniería. Universidad FASTA. Gascón 3145 – B7600FNK Mar del Plata, Argentina +54 223 4990400 [email protected]; [email protected] edición digital junio de 2011 Queda hecho el depósito que establece la Ley 11.723 Impreso en Argentina - Printed in Argentina Queda prohibida, salvo excepción prevista en la ley, cualquier forma de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y transformación de esta obra sin contar con la autorización de los titulares
    [Show full text]
  • Diet of Post-Metamorphic Rhinella Icterica (Spix, 1824) from the Araucaria Plateau of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil (Anura: Bufonidae)
    Herpetology Notes, volume 10: 443-448 (2017) (published online on 05 September 2017) Diet of post-metamorphic Rhinella icterica (Spix, 1824) from the Araucaria Plateau of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Anura: Bufonidae) Mirco Solé1,*, Matheus S. Rocha2, Cecilia Decarli2, César R. Santos2 and Clarissa K. Pereira2 Abstract. The toad Rhinella icterica (Spix, 1824) is distributed in the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil but can also be found in Paraguay and Argentina. Few studies have reported the diet of adults of this species and none the diet of post-metamorphs. In this study we analyzed stomach contents of post-metamorphic R. icterica in order to assess the composition of ingested prey and the relation between toad body size and the volume retrieved from the stomachs. We collected 45 post-metamorphs at the Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação da Natureza – Pró-Mata, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Stomach contents were recovered from toads via stomach flushing after measuring and weighing. The retrieved prey clump was also weighed and the 1293 prey items were classified into 13 categories at the lowest possible taxonomic level. Ants (Formicidae) were the best-represented prey group, accounting for 81% of prey, followed by mites (Oribatida: 8.8%; Mesostigmata: 3.5%), while ticks (Ixodidae) and snails (Gastropoda) showed values below 0.07%. Whereas we retrieved larger prey amounts by volume from toads with a larger snout–vent length, larger prey volume did not represent larger prey richness. Larger prey volume did, however, represent a larger number of prey items. In contrast to adults, who feed mainly on beetles (Coleoptera) and ants, bees, and their relatives (Hymenoptera) the diet of toadlets is composed of mites and ants.
    [Show full text]
  • Anura: Bufonidae) from the Cordillera Azul in Central Peru
    SALAMANDRA 57(2): 181–195 New species of Rhinella from central Peru SALAMANDRA 15 May 2021 ISSN 0036–3375 German Journal of Herpetology Genetic and morphological evidence reveal another new toad of the Rhinella festae species group (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Cordillera Azul in central Peru Ernesto Castillo-Urbina1,5, Frank Glaw2, César Aguilar-Puntriano1, Miguel Vences3 & Jörn Köhler4 1) Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de Historia Natural (MUSM), Departamento de Herpetología, Av. Arenales 1256, Lima 11, Peru 2) Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247 München, Germany 3) Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany 4) Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Friedensplatz 1, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany 5) Asociación GRUPO RANA, Calle 5 Manzana G Lote 14 Urbanización Praderas del Naranjal, Lima, Peru Corresponding author: Jörn Köhler, e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received: 23 November 2020 Accepted: 10 February 2021 by Edgar Lehr Abstract. We studied the status of toads of the genus Rhinella collected in the southern Cordillera Azul, central Peru. Molecular analysis of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene revealed them to be members of the recently proposed Rhinella festae species group, and sister to R. lilyrodriguezae, a species known from northern areas of the Cordillera Azul. The new specimens are differentiated from R. lilyrodriguezae and other species of Rhinella by substantial genetic divergence in the studied gene fragment (> 5% uncorrected pairwise distance) and several qualitative morphological characters, provid- ing combined evidence for a divergent evolutionary lineage. We consequently describe the specimens from the southern part of the Cordillera Azul in Departamento Huánuco as a new species, Rhinella chullachaki sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Infection Patterns of the Chytrid Fungus, Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis, on Anuran Assemblages in Agro-Ecosystems from Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Cadernos Espinosanos (E-Journal) Phyllomedusa 14(2):113–126, 2015 © 2015 Universidade de São Paulo - ESALQ ISSN 1519-1397 (print) / ISSN 2316-9079 (online) doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v14i2p113-126 Infection patterns of the chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, on anuran assemblages in agro-ecosystems from Buenos Aires Province, Argentina M. Gabriela Agostini1 and Patricia A. Burrowes2 1 Grupo de Estudios sobre Biodiversidad en Agroecosistemas, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (UBA-CONICET), Pabellón II Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: gabrielaagostini18@ gmail.com. 2 Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, P. O. Box 23360, San Juan, Puerto Rico. E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract Infection patterns of the chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, on anuran assemblages in agro-ecosystems from Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the pathogenic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is linked to extinctions and declines of amphibians. Additionally, in the context of amphibian decline, the habitat loss related to agricultural landscapes is likely the single most important human activity affecting lowland amphibian populations. To assess the impact of anthropogenic land use on anuran response to Bd, infection patterns in several ponds from cultivated (CA) and uncultivated areas (UCA) were studied. Four anuran species (Rhinella fernandezae [Bufonidae]; juvenile and adult of Leptodactylus latrans [Leptodactylidae]; and the hylids Hypsiboas pulchellus and Pseudis minuta) were monitored and tissue samples were collected for Bd species tested positive for Bd, but anurans inhabiting the UCA were twice more likely to in the UCA, suggesting that vulnerability to Bd is associated with land use in agro- ecosystems.
    [Show full text]