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A Taxonomic Revision of Bromus (Poaceae: Pooideae: Bromeae) in México and Central America

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A Taxonomic Revision of Bromus (Poaceae: Pooideae: Bromeae) in México and Central America Phytotaxa 185 (1): 001–147 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press Monograph ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.185.1.1 PHYTOTAXA 185 A taxonomic revision of Bromus (Poaceae: Pooideae: Bromeae) in México and Central America JEFFERY M. SAARELA1,4, PAUL M. PETERSON2 & JESUS VALDÉS-REYNA3 1Botany Section, Research & Collections Services, Canadian Museum of Nature, PO Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada; [email protected] 2Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 20013-7012, U.S.A.; [email protected] 3Departamento de Botanica, Univerisidad Autonoma Agraria "Antonio Narro" Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila 25315, MÉXICO; jvaldé[email protected] 4Author for correspondence Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by MARIA VORONTSOVA: Jun. 2014; published: 14 Nov. 2014 1 JEFFERY M. SAARELA, PAUL M. PETERSON & JESUS VALDÉS-REYNA A taxonomic revision of Bromus (Poaceae: Pooideae: Bromeae) in México and Central America (Phytotaxa 185) 147 pp.; 30 cm. 14 November 2014 ISBN 978-1-77557-577-1 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-578-8 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2014 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ © 2014 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1179-3155 (Print edition) ISSN 1179-3163 (Online edition) 2 • Phytotaxa 185 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press SAARELA ET AL. Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Resumen......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Taxonomic History of Bromus in México and Central America ................................................................................................... 4 Materials and Methods................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Taxonomic Treatment .................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Bromus Linnaeus (1753: 76), nom. et. typ. cons............................................................................................................................ 7 A new Bromus section endemic to México.................................................................................................................................... 7 Key to Bromus of México and Central America............................................................................................................................ 8 Clave para las especies de Bromus en México y América Central................................................................................................ 9 1. Bromus anomalus Ruprecht ex Fournier (1886: 126). Figs. 1–3............................................................................................. 10 2. Bromus arizonicus (Shear) Stebbins in Stebbins et al. (1944: 309). Figs. 5, 6........................................................................ 24 3. Bromus attenuatus Swallen (1950: 397). Figs. 8, 9. ................................................................................................................ 28 4. Bromus berteroanus Colla (1836: 25, pl. 58). Figs. 11, 12...................................................................................................... 31 5. Bromus carinatus Hooker & Walker Arnott (1840: 403). ....................................................................................................... 35 5a. Bromus carinatus var. carinatus. Figs. 15A–D, 16................................................................................................................ 42 5b. Bromus carinatus var. marginatus (Nees) Barkworth & Anderton in Barkworth et al. (2006: 240). Figs. 15E–G, 18, 19... 47 6. Bromus catharticus Vahl (1791: 22). Figs. 21–23. .................................................................................................................. 61 7. Bromus densus Swallen (1950: 396). Figs. 25–27................................................................................................................... 68 8. Bromus diandrus Roth (1787: 44). Figs. 29, 30....................................................................................................................... 72 9. Bromus dolichocarpus Wagnon (1950: 65). Figs. 32, 33......................................................................................................... 77 10. Bromus exaltatus Bernhardi (1841: 90). Figs. 35, 36. ........................................................................................................... 83 11. Bromus frondosus (Shear) Wooton & Standley (1912: 144). Figs. 38, 39............................................................................. 88 12. Bromus hordeaceus Linnaeus (1753: 77). Figs. 41, 42.......................................................................................................... 92 13. Bromus inermis Leysser (1761: 16). Figs. 44, 45. ................................................................................................................. 96 14. Bromus japonicus Houttuyn (1772: 315). Figs. 47, 48.......................................................................................................... 98 15. Bromus lanatipes (Shear) Rydberg (1906: 52). Fig. 50, 51. ................................................................................................ 101 16. Bromus madritensis Linnaeus (1755: 5). Figs. 53, 54. ........................................................................................................ 104 17. Bromus pinetorum Swallen (1943: 77). Fig. 56................................................................................................................... 108 18. Bromus pseudolaevipes Wagnon (1950: 64). Figs. 58, 59....................................................................................................110 19. Bromus richardsonii Link (1833: 281). Figs. 61, 62. ...........................................................................................................113 20. Bromus rubens Linnaeus (1755: 5). Figs. 64, 65. ................................................................................................................ 122 21. Bromus secalinus Linnaeus (1753: 76). Fig. 67................................................................................................................... 128 22. Bromus tectorum Linnaeus (1753: 77). Figs. 69, 70............................................................................................................ 129 Excluded Taxa............................................................................................................................................................................ 133 Acknowledgements.................................................................................................................................................................... 134 References.................................................................................................................................................................................. 134 Abstract A taxonomic treatment of Bromus in México and Central America is presented. Twenty-two species and one variety are recognized in the region. Twelve of these species are native, and ten are adventive and introduced. Bromus section Mexibromus is newly described, representing a distinct lineage in molecular studies of the genus. It includes two species endemic to México (B. attenuatus, B. densus) and one endemic to México and Guatemala (B. dolichocarpus), distinguished from species in other Bromus sections by their 3(–5)-nerved lemmas. Bromus pinetorum is a poorly understood species of Bromus sect. Bromopsis endemic to Coahuila. Taxa that have been variously treated in the past are discussed in detail. Bromus mucroglumis and B. thysanoglottis are treated as synonyms of B. richardsonii, and B. meyeri is treated as a synonym of B. anomalus. Two varieties are recognized in B. carinatus, B. carinatus var. carinatus and B. carinatus var. marginatus. Lectotypes are designated for the names B. carinatus var. californicus, B. hookeri var. schlechtendalii, B. trinii, B. trinii var. pallidiflorus and B. trinii var. stricta. A second-step neotype is designated for B. rigidus. Keys for determining the species in English and Spanish, descriptions, synonymies, illustrations, distribution maps, comments and lists of all specimens examined are provided
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