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Juvenile Salmonid and Small Fish Identification

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Juvenile Salmonid and Small Fish Identification This aid was developed to assist staff in the field identification of juvenile salmonids and other small fishes commonly caught during field sampling of freshwater streams and lakes. Juvenile Salmonid and Small Fish Identification Aid Juvenile salmon sketches were adapted from sketches by the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife’s Aquatic Education Program. Photos are from ADF&G, USFS and CIAA file archives as well as personal collections. Special thanks goes out to all who contributed: Mike Anderson Joe Buckwalter Tom Cappiello Cathy Cline Jack Dean Fred DeCicco Samantha Greenwood Bill Hauser Susie Hayes ADF&G Doug Hill Frances Inoue Habitat & Restoration Division Betsy McCracken Cecil Rich Version 1.1 Stewart Seaberg March 27, 2003 Mike Wiedmer Compiled by Ed Weiss Adipose No spots CHINOOK has “clear CHINOOK window” melanofores on outer edge Parr marks even across Anal fin: lateral line & wider than ≥ 13 rays, ADF&G interspaces Not sickle shaped (leading edge longer than base) FL 52mm ADF&G ADF&G FL 48mm ADF&G FL 54mm FL 43mm ADF&G Chinook Coho No spots COHO COHO Parr marks even across Adipose lateral line & narrower melanofores thru out. than interspaces No “clear window” ADF&G Anal fin: ≥ 13 rays, sickle shaped (leading edge longer than base), black/white leading edge ADF&G FL 51mm Coho smolt ADF&G mm FL 48mm ADF&G FL 43mm Chinook parr Coho parr ADF&G CHUM PINK No parr marks. Dorsal surface green. Small 2-3 cm, leaves Small 3-4 cm, leaves freshwater as fry Faint parr marks above freshwater as fry Ventral & sides silver. lateral line ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G FL 39mm SOCKEYE SOCKEYE FL 47mm Cappiello Parr marks staggered FL 50mm across lateral line FL 51mm FL 32mm ADF&G ADF&G Parr Fry FL 40mm ADF&G Fry CIAA Smolt CUTTHROAT CUTTHROAT USFS USFS USFS USFS USFS USFS RAINBOW / STEELHEAD RAINBOW / STEELHEAD Red lateral line ADF&G ADF&G FL 31mm ADF&G Rainbow Trout Dolly Varden ADF&G FL 44mm Abundant Sm. Parr marks Light spots on DOLLY VARDEN irregular, width > DOLLY VARDEN dark background. interspaces. FL 110mm Dark pigment Thick caudal inside mouth peduncle ADF&G • P. cecae = 21 – 39 (30). Gill Rakers 15 – 23. • Anadromous dominant type but also lake or stream residents, usually a stream spawner • In spawning, paired fins red/black with white leading edge, lower body red, orange or pink. FL 47mm ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G FL 75mm Fewer larger Parr marks Light spots on ARCTIC CHAR irregular, width > ARCTIC CHAR dark background. interspaces. Arctic Char White inside mouth Thin caudal peduncle • P. cecae = 30 – 64 (45). Gill Rakers 21 – 27. • No known anadromous populations in AK. • Lake spawner/resident, sometimes moving into streams. • In spawning, paired fins red/black with white leading edge, Dolly lower body red or gold. Spots red or orange. Varden DeCicco DeCicco J. Dean DeCicco DeCicco Arctic Char ARCTIC GRAYLING ARCTIC GRAYLING FL 53mm ADF&G ADF&G DeCicco ADF&G DeCicco FL 202mm ALASKA BLACKFISH BURBOT FL mm ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G FL 126mm SLIMY SCULPIN COAST RANGE SCULPIN ADF&G FL 93mm ADF&G Cappiello FL 93mm Cappiello ADF&G 9 SPINE STICKLEBACK 3 SPINE STICKLEBACK FL 57mm ADF&G ADF&G FL 52mm Cappiello Cappiello LONGNOSE SUCKER FL 59mm ADF&G ADF&G ADF&G Cappiello Chum Pink Sockeye Coho Chinook Chum Pink Sockeye Coho Chinook SALMON -Adult SALMON SALMON – SALMON Parr Arctic Dolly Chum Pink Sockeye Coho Chinook Cutthroat Rainbow Char Varden SALMON – AdultSpawning SALMON Trout -Parr Bibliography Pacific Northwest. NOAA Technical Report NMFS CIRC- 366. Seattle, WA. Burger, Carl V. 1983. Salmon Investigations in the Kenai McPhail, J.D. and C.C. Lindsey, 1970. Freshwater Fishes of River, Alaska. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Alaska Field Northwestern Canada and Alaska. Bulletin 173. Fisheries Station, Anchorage, Alaska. Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. pp. 129-135. Dean, Jack. 2002. Personal Communication. Meehan, William R. and John S. Vania, 1961. An External Characteristic to Differentiate between King and Silver Dean, Jack. July 22, 2002 letter to Cooper Landing Fish & Salmon Juveniles in Alaska. Informational Leaflet No. 1. Game Advisory Committee. Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Juneau, AK. DeCicco, Fred. 2002. Personal Communication. Morrow, James E., 1980. The Freshwater Fishes of Alaska. Alaska Northwest Publishing Co., Anchorage, AK. Ellis, Derek V. 1977. Pacific Salmon: Management for People. Western Geographical Series, Volume 13. Pollard, W.R., et al, 1997. Field Identification of Coastal University of Victoria, Victoria, BC. Pp. 307 – 315. Juvenile Salmonids. Harbour Publishing, Madeira Park, BC. Hastie, Bill, and Pattie Farthing Bowers. 1997. The Fish Trautman, Milton B., 1973. A Guide to the Collection and Hatchery Next Door, an Educators Guide. Oregon Identification of Presmolt Pacific Salmon in Alaska with an Department of Fish & Wildlife, Portland, OR. Illustrated Key. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS ABFL-2. Seattle, WA. Hauser, Bill. May 17, 2001 Weidlich, Laurie M. 1986. Game Fishes of Alaska”. Alaska Hayes, Susie. 2002. Personal Communication. Department of Fish & Game. Public Communication Section, Juneau, AK. McConnell, Robert J., and George R. Snyder, 1972. Key to Field Identification of Anadromous Juvenile Salmonids in the .
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