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Report of the Inquiry Into Recognition for Service at the Battle of Long
INQUIRY INTO UNRESOLVED RECOGNITION ISSUES FOR THE BATTLE OF LONG TAN LETTER OF TRANSMISSION Inquiry into Unresolved Recognition Issues for the Battle of Long Tan The Hon Dr Mike Kelly AM MP Parliamentary Secretary for Defence Support Parliament House Canberra ACT 2600 Dear Dr Kelly I am pleased to present the report of the Defence Honours and Awards Tribunal on the Inquiry into Unresolved Recognition Issues for the Battle of Long Tan. The inquiry was conducted in accordance with the Terms of Reference. The panel of the Tribunal that conducted the inquiry arrived unanimously at the findings and recommendations set out in its report. Yours sincerely Professor Dennis Pearce, AO Chair 3 September 2009 2 CONTENTS LETTER OF TRANSMISSION...................................................................................................................... 2 TERMS OF REFERENCE............................................................................................................................. 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................................................... 5 RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................................................. 7 REPORT........................................................................................................................................................ 8 ESTABLISHMENT OF INQUIRY AND TERMS OF REFERENCE ............................................................................ -
The Vietnam War an Australian Perspective
THE VIETNAM WAR AN AUSTRALIAN PERSPECTIVE [Compiled from records and historical articles by R Freshfield] Introduction What is referred to as the Vietnam War began for the US in the early 1950s when it deployed military advisors to support South Vietnam forces. Australian advisors joined the war in 1962. South Korea, New Zealand, The Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand also sent troops. The war ended for Australian forces on 11 January 1973, in a proclamation by Governor General Sir Paul Hasluck. 12 days before the Paris Peace Accord was signed, although it was another 2 years later in May 1975, that North Vietnam troops overran Saigon, (Now Ho Chi Minh City), and declared victory. But this was only the most recent chapter of an era spanning many decades, indeed centuries, of conflict in the region now known as Vietnam. This story begins during the Second World War when the Japanese invaded Vietnam, then a colony of France. 1. French Indochina – Vietnam Prior to WW2, Vietnam was part of the colony of French Indochina that included Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Vietnam was divided into the 3 governances of Tonkin, Annam, and Cochinchina. (See Map1). In 1940, the Japanese military invaded Vietnam and took control from the Vichy-French government stationing some 30,000 troops securing ports and airfields. Vietnam became one of the main staging areas for Japanese military operations in South East Asia for the next five years. During WW2 a movement for a national liberation of Vietnam from both the French and the Japanese developed in amongst Vietnamese exiles in southern China. -
The Australians in Vietnam 1962-1972
“They Were Hard Nuts”: The Australians in Vietnam, 1962-1972 A focus on the American failure to make maximum use of the Australians’ counterinsurgency tactics in South Vietnam Kate Tietzen Clemson University Abstract: Addressing the need for studies examining the relationship between Commonwealth militaries and the American military, this paper examines the American military’s relationship with the Australian military contingency sent to Vietnam between 1962 and 1972. Analyzing Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUSA) documents, Australian government documents and Australian primary sources including interviews, papers, and autobiographies, this paper argues that the Americans deliberately used the Australian army in South Vietnam for show rather than force. The paper also illustrates American efforts to discredit and ignore Australian counterinsurgency doctrine and tactics; this undertaking only hindered the overall American anti- communist mission in Vietnam. Australia (1) Met all day Sunday (2) They were hard nuts (3) They had a long list of their contributions to Vietnam already (4) Real progress was made with Holt when went upstairs alone and told of the seriousness of the matter (5) Holt told Taylor that he was such a good salesman that he was glad he had not brought his wife to the meeting —Dr. Clark Clifford, meeting with President Lyndon B. Johnson 5 August 19671 While the Viet Minh and the French fought each other during the First Indochina War in Vietnam, Australia was fighting a guerilla-style war in Malaysia in what has been dubbed the “Malayan Emergency” of 1948-1960. In October of 1953, the Australian Defence Committee, the New Zealand Chiefs of Staff and the British Chief of the Imperial General Staff met in Melbourne to air concerns regarding the possibility of Chinese aggression in Southeast Asia.2 The delegation feared Chinese determination for communist control in Southeast Asia, which would threaten the accessibility of strategic raw materials for western powers in the area. -
Conscription by Ballot Into the Australian Army During the Vietnam War
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Business - Economics Working Papers Faculty of Business and Law 2011 A Fair and Equitable Method of Recruitment? Conscription by Ballot into the Australian Army during the Vietnam War Simon Ville University of Wollongong, [email protected] Peter Siminski University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/commwkpapers Recommended Citation Ville, Simon and Siminski, Peter, A Fair and Equitable Method of Recruitment? Conscription by Ballot into the Australian Army during the Vietnam War, Department of Economics, University of Wollongong, Working Paper 05-11, 2011, 35. https://ro.uow.edu.au/commwkpapers/233 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] University of Wollongong Economics Working Paper Series 2011 http://www.uow.edu.au/commerce/econ/wpapers.html A Fair and Equitable Method of Recruitment? Conscription by Ballot into the Australian Army during the Vietnam War Simon Ville and Peter Siminski School of Economics University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW 2522 WP 11-05 June 2011 A Fair and Equitable Method of Recruitment? Conscription by Ballot into the Australian Army during the Vietnam War Conscription by Ballot Simon Ville Peter Siminski School of Economics Faculty of Commerce, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue NSW 2522, Australia [email protected] Phone 02-4221-3098 Acknowledgements The project is funded by Australian Research Council Linkage Project 100100417 partnered with the Australian Government Department of Veterans’ Affairs entitled, “The long term causal effects of Vietnam War era conscription on economic and social outcomes for Australian conscripts”. -
Politics, Power and Protest in the Vietnam War Era
Chapter 6 POLITICS, POWER AND PROTEST IN THE VIETNAM WAR ERA In 1962 the Australian government, led by Sir Robert Menzies, sent a group of 30 military advisers to Vietnam. The decision to become Photograph showing an anti-war rally during the 1960s. involved in a con¯ict in Vietnam began one of Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War led to the largest the most controversial eras in Australia's protest movement we had ever experienced. history. It came at a time when the world was divided between nations that were INQUIRY communist and those that were not; when · How did the Australian government respond to the communism was believed to be a real threat to threat of communism after World War II? capitalist societies such as the United States · Why did Australia become involved in the Vietnam War? and Australia. · How did various groups respond to Australia's The Menzies government put great effort into involvement in the Vietnam War? linking Australia to United States foreign · What was the impact of the war on Australia and/ policy in the Asia-Paci®c region. With the or neighbouring countries? communist revolution in China in 1949, the invasion of South Korea by communist North A student: Korea in 1950, and the con¯ict in Vietnam, 5.1 explains social, political and cultural Australia looked increasingly to the United developments and events and evaluates their States to contain communism in this part of the impact on Australian life world. The war in Vietnam engulfed the 5.2 assesses the impact of international events and relationships on Australia's history Indochinese region and mobilised hundreds of 5.3 explains the changing rights and freedoms of thousands of people in a global protest against Aboriginal peoples and other groups in Australia the horror of war. -
Our Guys Were Very Good. We Were a Very Capable Battery, in Fact We Were an Arrogant Bunch
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2014 Our guys were very good. We were a very capable battery, in fact we were an arrogant bunch. We were good: Fire Support Patrol Base Coral 12 May to 6 June 1968, South Vietnam Mark Jamieson University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Jamieson, Mark, Our guys were very good. We were a very capable battery, in fact we were an arrogant bunch. We were good: Fire Support Patrol Base Coral 12 May to 6 June 1968, South Vietnam, Bachelor of Arts (Honours) thesis, School of Humanities and Social Inquiry, University of Wollongong, 2014. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4088 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Our guys were very good. We were a very capable battery, in fact we were an arrogant bunch. We were good. Fire Support Patrol Base Coral 12 May to 6 June 1968, South Vietnam. Honours thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree BACHELOR OF ARTS (HONOURS) from UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG by Mark Jamieson, Bachelor of Arts School of Humanities and Social Inquiry 2014 i Synopsis This thesis provides an account of the role played by seven veterans who fought in the Battle for Fire Support Patrol Base (FSPB) Coral, 12 May to 6 June 1968, in South Vietnam. The veterans interviewed are from 102 Field Battery Royal Australian Artillery and the First Battalion Royal Australian Regiment (1RAR) Mortar Platoon. -
The Battle of Long Tan
The Battle of Long Tan OPERATION VENDETTA & SMITHFIELD - THE BATTLE OF LONG TAN D Company was on a company patrol named "Operation Vendetta" that remained in place until approximately 2300 hours 18 August 1966. The Task Force then commenced "Operation Smithfield". The Battle of Long Tan occurred in the late afternoon of 18 August 1966 in a rubber plantation some 4500 metres to the east of the Task Force base at Nui Dat. The events of previous days set the scene. On the 16th of August, 5RAR were patrolling in an area of jungle to the north of the Australian Task Force (1ATF) Base. They were trying to locate enemy identified in the latest intelligence reports. Estimates of enemy strengths operating in the area varied from 300 - 3500. However the most recent patrols had only fleeting contacts with 3 - 6 man groups. There appeared to be little to add any substance to reports of three enemy Regiments operating in the area. A Coy, 6RAR were also away from the Nui Dat base involved in patrol work, but they were operating to the east and north-east. A Coy had been in three small contacts, killing 2 VC and capturing one. Once again, nothing to indicate a large force. Back at Nui Dat the remaining soldiers were looking forward to a planned concert by Col Joyce and Little Patti on the 18th of August. The constant poor conditions while in the field were generally little better than in camp as at this stage there was a lot of work required in the base camp area to build up defenses. -
3Rd Cavalry Regiment
3rd Cavalry Regiment The 3rd Cavalry Regiment had a squadron serving in South Vietnam for nearly six years. Between 1967 and 1972 the men from the regiment served in every major operation conducted by the 1st Australian Task Force (1ATF), including the Tet Offensive, the 1968 battles for Fire Support Bases Coral and Balmoral, and the battle of Binh Ba in 1969. Using Armoured Personal Carriers (APCs), the regiment’s squadron was a highly mobile force that served throughout Phuoc Tuy province. Australian APCs had been serving in Vietnam since 1965: initially with the 1st Troop, A Squadron, 4th/19th Prince of Wales Light Horse Regiment, subsequently named the 1st APC Troop; and then with 1st APC Squadron. In January 1967 1st APC Squadron became A Squadron, 3rd Cavalry Regiment. The squadron’s strength in South Vietnam at the time was 117: ten officers, 14 warrant officers/sergeants, and 93 other ranks. The squadron’s strength increased over time and by August 1971 had grown to 169 men: 15 officers, 22 warrant officers/sergeants, and 132 other ranks. While A Squadron was located with the Task Force at Nui Dat, the regiment’s B Squadron was initially based at Puckapunyal, Victoria, later moving to Holsworthy, New South Wales. The role of the squadron’s regiment in Australia was to provide support and relief for the squadron serving in Vietnam. The regiment operated a “man-for-man” replacement system – when a member of the squadron completed his tour in Vietnam, he was replaced by a man from the squadron in Australia. -
2Nd Battalion Royal Australian Regiment
2ND BATTALION ROYAL AUSTRALIAN REGIMENT ASSOCIATION, INC THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION South West Pacific, Japan, Korea, Malaya, Thai-Malay Border, South Vietnam, Cambodia, Rwanda, East Timor, Solomon Islands, Iraq, Timor Lesté, Afghanistan nulli secundus RINGO Courage. Sacrifice. Mateship. NEWSLETTER PATRON: MAJOR GENERAL M.D. SLATER AO, DSC, CSC (RETD) JULY 2018 THE BATTALION REPORT INSIDE THIS ISSUE Australian Army Skill at Arms Meeting: Warriors Who Have Marched Out 2 PTE Bradburn from 2RAR (Amphib) was Stories of East Timor, by Samuel Medicci 6 recently awarded the prize of ‘top shot in Dropshorts: Corporal Charles Mene, MM (dec.) 7 Army’ at AASAM. A quietly spoken but Initiation to War & Return to Action: The HOOK 7-9 incredibly professional soldier, his award FSB: Coral & Balmoral, & Unit Citation for Gallantry 9 was very well deserved after a Preparations 'Vietnam’: Victor Winkler’s Interlude 10 competitive elimination shoot-off. Of Op Magnus: The Malayan Tiger by Donald Godley 11 note, there were 3 other 2RAR (Amphib) members in the top the Rim of the Pacific Exercise, the 2RAR contingent (Task 20 and the 2RAR (Amphib) finished second to 1RAR in the Force Black) will be working closely with 3rd Recon Bn team competition. I have it from a reliable source that 1 & (USMC) to develop interoperability and familiarity with a range 2RAR were first and second, daylight was third. Especially of specialist insertion techniques. I hope this is just the start of pleasing given 2RAR’s new role, our snipers were the an enduring and constructive relationship between 2RAR confirmed as best snipers in the ADF at AASAM, finishing (Amphib) and two of the world’s premier conventional force second to the Japanese team by only 6 points in the reconnaissance units. -
Australian War Memorial Annual Report 2006–2007 Australian War Memorial Annual Report 2006–2007
AUSTRALIAN WAR MEMORIAL ANNUAL REPORT 2006–2007 AUSTRALIAN WAR MEMORIAL ANNUAL REPORT 2006–2007 The Hon. John Howard MP, Prime Minister of Australia, in the Courtyard Gallery on Remembrance Day. Annual report for the year ended 30 June 2007, together with the financial statements and the report of the Auditor-General. Images produced courtesy of the Australian War Memorial, Canberra Cover: Children in the Vietnam environment in the Discovery Zone Child using the radar in the Cold War environment in the Discovery Zone Air show during the Australian War Memorial Open Day Firing demonstration during Australian War Memorial Open Day Children in the Vietnam environment in the Discovery Zone Big Things on Display, part of the Salute to Vietnam Veterans Weekend Back cover: Will Longstaff, Menin Gate at midnight,1927 (AWM ART09807) Stella Bowen, Bomber crew 1944 (AWM ART26265) Australian War Memorial Parade Ground William Dargie, Group of VADs, 1942 (AWM ART22349) Wallace Anderson and Louis McCubbin, Lone Pine, diorama, 1924–27 (AWM ART41017) Copyright © Australian War Memorial 2007 ISSN 1441 4198 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced, copied, scanned, stored in a retrieval system, recorded, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher. Australian War Memorial GPO Box 345 Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia www.awm.gov.au iii AUSTRALIAN WAR MEMORIAL ANNUAL REPORT 2006–2007 iv AUSTRALIAN WAR MEMORIAL ANNUAL REPORT 2006–2007 INTRODUCTION TO THE REPORT The Annual Report of the Australian War Memorial for the year ended 30 June 2007 follows the format for an Annual Report for a Commonwealth Authority in accordance with the Commonwealth Authorities and Companies (CAC) (Report of Operations) Orders 2005 under the CAC Act 1997. -
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09844-2 — the Search for Tactical Success in Vietnam Andrew Ross , Robert Hall , Amy Griffin Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09844-2 — The Search for Tactical Success in Vietnam Andrew Ross , Robert Hall , Amy Griffin Index More Information I NDEX 1st Australian Task Force, 2 role, 214 1 Divisional Intelligence Unit, 260 section organisation, 24 1st Armoured Regiment, 15, 54, Special Air Service, 15, 102, 110, 55, 159 121, 191 3rd Cavalry Regiment, 52, 54, 55, strength, 15–17 95, 128 patrol strength, 69 age profile, 197 undermanning, 83, 173 and 9 Squadron RAAF, 15 Armoured Personnel Carrier Abrams, General Creighton, 115, Squadron, 15, 187 206, 229 artillery regiment, 15 Adamson, Major Colin, 88 artillery units An Khe, 100 102 Field Battery, 44 Army of the Republic of Vietnam. See 161 Field Battery, RNZA, 15, 44 ARVN battalion groups ARVN 1RAR, 30, 43, 44, 54, 88, 89, 92, 18 ARVN Division, 17 107, 159, 170 strength, 13 2RAR/NZ (ANZAC), 21, 52, Australian army, 8 110, 185, 197 Australian Army Journal, 253 3RAR, 41, 43, 49, 92, 109, 147, Australian Army Operational 157 Research Group, 4RAR/NZ (ANZAC), 42, 68, 192, 259 160, 171, 248 Australian Army Training Team, 30 5RAR, 55, 57, 58, 89, 91, 139, 145, 150, 152, 170, 185 B52 strikes, 153, 202 6RAR, 29, 38, 41 Baria, 48 6RAR/NZ (ANZAC), 84, 171, barrier minefield, 183 174 battles 7RAR, 23, 68, 83, 90, 116, 117, Baria, 50–2 129, 153, 245 casualties, 51 8RAR, 105, 126, 175, 185, 244, battle procedure, 76, 102 245 Binh Ba, 35, 55–7, 84 9RAR, 88, 148, 149, 160 Dien Bien Phu, 93, 203 combined arms team, 36, 159 Duc Trung, 35, 57, 59 companies FSB Anderson, 34, 41–2 V Company, 15, 197 -
Holdfastfebruary 2012 - Number 20 Official Newsletter of the Vietnam Tunnel Rats Association Inc
HOLDFASTFEBRUARY 2012 - NUMBER 20 WWW.TUNNELRATS.COM.AU OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER OF THE VIETNAM TUNNEL RATS ASSOCIATION INC MINE LIFTING HERO It was Viet Cong soldier Duong Van Manh who first discovered how to lift M-16 mines fitted with anti-lift devices from the 11km long barrier minefield laid by 1 Field Squadron in 1967. Our own mines were then used against us, causing hundreds of Australian casualties. Today FreeSECRET map of Nui in Long Phuoc Village he is Dat inside, but recognised by this statue as a don’t show it local hero. Full story inside: to anybody, it’s classified secret 2 Nostalgia Pages A few drinks before flying off to Vietnam Pages of great pics from the Three Sappers fresh out of Corp Training and excited about the adventure past to amaze and amuse. Pho- of being posted to Vietnam. It’s 27th of May 1969 and Greg Gough, 2Tp to contribitions welcome. Send (left) and Gary Degering, 1Tp (right) are heading off that night, while Mick your favourite Vietnam pics (with Van Poeteren, 2Tp (middle) will depart some six weeks later. After Corp descriptions, names and approx Training and Jungle Training at Canungra, Sappers were posted to Hold- dates) to Jim Marett 43 Heying- ing Wing at SME and simply waited for their Vietnam posting. It became a ton Place Toorak Vic 3142 or by tradition to go to the airport and see your mates off with a few beers in the email to: posh International Departure Lounge. It was so flash in there you had to [email protected] wear a tie, hence Mick’s Army tie with his civvie gear.