330 Metres Under the Sea TR ENG 2
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Scuba Diving History
Scuba diving history Scuba history from a diving bell developed by Guglielmo de Loreno in 1535 up to John Bennett’s dive in the Philippines to amazing 308 meter in 2001 and much more… Humans have been diving since man was required to collect food from the sea. The need for air and protection under water was obvious. Let us find out how mankind conquered the sea in the quest to discover the beauty of the under water world. 1535 – A diving bell was developed by Guglielmo de Loreno. 1650 – Guericke developed the first air pump. 1667 – Robert Boyle observes the decompression sickness or “the bends”. After decompression of a snake he noticed gas bubbles in the eyes of a snake. 1691 – Another diving bell a weighted barrels, connected with an air pipe to the surface, was patented by Edmund Halley. 1715 – John Lethbridge built an underwater cylinder that was supplied via an air pipe from the surface with compressed air. To prevent the water from entering the cylinder, greased leather connections were integrated at the cylinder for the operators arms. 1776 – The first submarine was used for a military attack. 1826 – Charles Anthony and John Deane patented a helmet for fire fighters. This helmet was used for diving too. This first version was not fitted to the diving suit. The helmet was attached to the body of the diver with straps and air was supplied from the surfa 1837 – Augustus Siebe sealed the diving helmet of the Deane brothers’ to a watertight diving suit and became the standard for many dive expeditions. -
Deep Sea Dive Ebook Free Download
DEEP SEA DIVE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Frank Lampard | 112 pages | 07 Apr 2016 | Hachette Children's Group | 9780349132136 | English | London, United Kingdom Deep Sea Dive PDF Book Zombie Worm. Marrus orthocanna. Deep diving can mean something else in the commercial diving field. They can be found all over the world. Depth at which breathing compressed air exposes the diver to an oxygen partial pressure of 1. Retrieved 31 May Diving medicine. Arthur J. Retrieved 13 March Although commercial and military divers often operate at those depths, or even deeper, they are surface supplied. Minimal visibility is still possible far deeper. The temperature is rising in the ocean and we still don't know what kind of an impact that will have on the many species that exist in the ocean. Guiel Jr. His dive was aborted due to equipment failure. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Depth limit for a group of 2 to 3 French Level 3 recreational divers, breathing air. Underwater diving to a depth beyond the norm accepted by the associated community. Limpet mine Speargun Hawaiian sling Polespear. Michele Geraci [42]. Diving safety. Retrieved 19 September All of these considerations result in the amount of breathing gas required for deep diving being much greater than for shallow open water diving. King Crab. Atrial septal defect Effects of drugs on fitness to dive Fitness to dive Psychological fitness to dive. The bottom part which has the pilot sphere inside. List of diving environments by type Altitude diving Benign water diving Confined water diving Deep diving Inland diving Inshore diving Muck diving Night diving Open-water diving Black-water diving Blue-water diving Penetration diving Cave diving Ice diving Wreck diving Recreational dive sites Underwater environment. -
2004 AQUANAUT GUIDE SCUBA REGULATORS 67 Adjustability Environmental Seal There Are Two Primary Adjustments Available on Modern Regulators
SWIM REGULATORS 65 Performance Many people believe performance is the major criteria in the choice of a regulator. Certainly, you should choose a regulator that is appropriate for the types of diving you intend to undertake. Most modern regulators will perform adequately under normal demand at moderate depths. The deeper you dive and the harder you breathe (for example, swimming against a current at depth) will result in a higher demand on your regulator. So if you were planning on diving in demanding conditions, it would pay to invest in a high-performance regulator. Generally though, when it comes to judging performance, it pays to remember that the greatest testament to a regulator is its performance under harsh environments. Australia’s Far North Queensland (FNQ) has the highest concentration of dive equipment usage in the world. Gear may be used three to four times a day, seven days a week. These professional operators recognise the need for the best equipment. They also understand that the materials used and the design are critical for their customer’s ultimate safety and comfort. Aqualung regulators have proved to be the most popular choice in FNQ and resorts around the world. Unlike Aqua Lung, very few companies make their own regulators. Most equipment suppliers outsource products or simply re-badge or assemble components from existing manufacturers. This makes quality control very difficult and encourages Scuba regulators are designed to reduce the high-pressure air from the scuba cylinder obsolescence. Suppliers will move from one manufacturer to another as either the to a level where the diver can breathe comfortably and safely. -
Underwater Photographyphotography Apr/May 2004
aa webweb magazinemagazine UnderwaterUnderwater PhotographyPhotography Apr/May 2004 Ikelite 5060 Ikelite D-70 Roatan New macro Fantasea CP-3N Fuji F700 Mokorran Beginners digital Jonah EOS 10D Top Dawg Mini Lumpsuckers Improving WIDE OF THE MARK If you are new to underwater digital photography the equipment can be bewildering. Choosing lenses can be especially confusing. Take wide angles. They’re great in low visibility and essential for photographing large subjects like wrecks and whale sharks. But how wide is wide? 95 to 100 degrees is what most professional underwater photographers consider to be the benchmark or standard wide angle focal length. Narrower angles often just don’t cut it. The Inon UWL100 provides up to 100 degrees. That’s twice the coverage of most cameras’ built in lenses. And substantially wider than the Olympus C5060’s own 70 degree wide angle lens and port combination. Conveniently the UWL100 is also a wetlens. You can remove and replace it underwater, changing lenses to suit your subject. And if you find even 100 degrees restrictive, you can add a dedicated dome port and expand your view by 30%. Inon make some of the best thought through and user friendly accessories for the underwater digital photographer. Ocean Optics continues its quarter century tradition of providing the best equipment, advice and aftersales in the business. 13 Northumberland Avenue [email protected] Ocean London WC2N 5AQ www.oceanoptics.co.uk Tel 020 7930 8408 Optics Fax 020 7839 6148 2 4 Editorial Contents Underwater Photography 6 Readers lives Underwater Photography a web magazine 22 Roatan 35 Improve your Apr/May 2004 8 News & Travel shots e mail [email protected] 12 New products 43 Beginners digital by Peter Rowlands 47 Jessica Taylor by Bruce Dickson 27 Mokorran by Deb Fugitt 15 Fuji F700 by Charles Hood 39 New macro by Jessica Taylor by Charles Hood 50 Calypsophot 31 Lumpsuckers by Steve 17 Top Dawg Warren by Alexander Mustard 53 Reviews Cover by 55 UW Photographers Code of Conduct Deb Fugitt by Peter Rowlands with Mark Webster 3 TTl, D-TTL, I-TTL.... -
Lake Treatment Saratoga Lake Year End Report 2011 Complete
November 29, 2011 John Bennett, Pesticide Control Specialist Bureau of Pesticide Management NYDEC Region 5 Warrensburg Sub-Office 232 Golf Course Road Warrensburg, NY 12885-0220 Re: Annual Report – Saratoga Lake Herbicide Treatment Program – DEC # 5-4199-00002/00008 & 00010 Dear Mr. Bennett: Please accept the following as the Annual Report for the 2011 aquatic herbicide treatment program that was performed in Saratoga Lake. Project Applicant / Saratoga Lake Protection and Improvement District (SLPID) Lead Agency: Applicant Contact: Joe Finn, SLPID Commissioner [518- 581-0409 or [email protected]] Applicator: Aquatic Control Technology, Inc. / Reg . # 07865 Gerald Smith / Applicator ID# C062471 [508-865-1000 or [email protected]] Marc Bellaud / Applicator ID# C0806081 [508-865-1000 or [email protected]] Lake Manager: Dean Long, Director of Environmental Planning, The LA Group, P.C. [518-587-8100 or [email protected]] Vegetation Surveyor: Lawrence Eichler, Research Scientist, Darrin Fresh Water Institute [518-664-3541 or [email protected] ] A summary of the 2011 chemical treatment program performed at the Saratoga Lake is provided below. INTRODUCTION AND RECENT INVASIVE AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT The current invasive aquatic plant management program being conducted on Saratoga Lake is following a comprehensive plan that was developed over several years of investigations and studies. An integrated approach that utilizes winter drawdown, mechanical harvesting, hand-harvesting and herbicide treatments has been employed since 2007. These strategies were detailed in the Watershed Management Plan prepared by The LA Group in 2002, the Long-Term Aquatic Vegetation Management Plan prepared by Aquatic Control Technology in 2005, and the EIS prepared by The LA Group in 2007. -
Motivation-Based Segmentation of Scuba Divers at Ponta Do Ouro M
Motivation-based segmentation of scuba divers at Ponta do Ouro M Herbst orcid.org/0000-0002-2114-3495 Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in Tourism Management at the North-West University Supervisor: Prof P van der Merwe Graduation: May 2019 Student number: 24499528 Declaration of personal work I, Marna Herbst, identity number 9409060141086 and student number 24499528 hereby declare that this thesis registered as “Motivation-based segmentation of scuba divers at Ponta do Ouro” as part of the completion of my Masters in Tourism Management at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North West University, is being submitted as my own work, and complies with the Code of Academic Integrity, as well as other relevant policies, procedure, rules and regulations of the North-West University and has not been submitted before to any institution by myself or any other person in fulfilment (or partial fulfilment) of the requirements for the attainment of any qualification. I understand and accept that this dissertation which I am submitting, forms part of the university’s property. Marna Herbst Prof P van der Merwe i Financial assistance Financial assistance from the North West University and the NRF for funding the fieldwork, are gratefully acknowledged. Statement and suggestions made in this study are those of the author. ii Acknowledgements Undertaking this MA has been a journey in so much more than just academic ways. I challenged myself on a level I never thought I would go, and not only did I learn more about my field of study, I also learned more about myself. -
Kavieng • Papua New Guinea Evolution CCR Rebreather Piracy
Kavieng • Papua New Guinea Evolution CCR Rebreather Piracy • Dominican Republic The Ghosts of Sunda Strait • Java Sea Blue Holes of Abaco • Bahamas Operation Hailstorm • Chuuk Lingcod • Pacific Northwest Selah Chamberlain • Lake Michigan Diving Northern Sulawesi • Indonesia Photography by Thaddius Bedford UNEXSO • Grand Bahama Customized CCR Systems The only multi-mission, multi-tasking CCR in the world. Features: • Customized electronics and decompression systems • Custom CO2 scrubber assemblies • Custom breathing loop and counterlung systems • Modularized sub systems • Highly suitable for travel • Suitable for Science, commercial, and recreational diving www.customrebreathers.com Ph: 360-330-9018 [email protected] When only the highest quality counts… Double Cylinder Bands Stage Cylinder Bands Technical Harness Hardware Accessory Dive Hardware ADDMM Features ISSUE 23 8 Where Currents Collide 8 KAVIENG Papua New Guinea Text and Photography by Peter Pinnock 14 Evolution CCR 8 Text by Cass Lawson 31 31 19 Dominican Republic Rebreather Piracy Silent Attack to Land and Sea Text by Curt Bowen • Photography by Jill Heinerth and Curt Bowen 14 26 The Ghosts of Sunda Strait The Wrecks of USS Houston and HMAS Perth Text and Photography by Kevin Denlay Exploring the 31 Blue Holes of Abaco 19 with the Bahamas Underground Text and Photography by Curt Bowen 39 Operation Hailstorm CCR Invasion • Truk Lagoon 75 Text and Photography by Curt Bowen 55 LINGCOD Queen of Northwest Predators 65 Text and Photography by John Rawlings 19 59 Wreck of the -
115Th Annual Convention and Conference
Maryland State Firemen’s Association 115th Annual Convention and Conference Maryland State Firemen’s Association Proceedings Of 115th Annual Convention and Conference Held In Ocean City, Maryland June 16 – 22, 2007 Next Meeting To Be Held At Ocean City, Maryland June 14 – 21, 2008 1 Maryland State Firemen’s Association 115th Annual Convention and Conference TABLE OF CONTENTS Seal and Logo . 3. Presidents 2006 – 2007 and 2007 – 2008 . 5. Officers (Elected and Appointed), Committees . 7. Past Officers . 55. Convention Locations . 42. Ladies Auxiliary Presidents 2005 – 2006 and 2006 – 2007 . 46. Program of the 113th Annual Convention . 47. Report of the Officers . 139. Credentials Listing-Roll Call of Member Departments . 214. Charter, Constitution and By-Laws . 289. MSFA Awards, Rules/Regulations, Contests/Previous Recipients . 350. County, Regional, and State Associations . 43. Past Presidents . 34. Parade Award Winners . 401. 2 Maryland State Firemen’s Association 115th Annual Convention and Conference Seal of the Maryland State Firemen’s Association The Great Seal of Maryland was used by the Maryland State Firemen’s Association during its first two years (1893-1894.) The second logo of the M.S.F.A. was first used in 1895, and appeared on the Proceedings Book of the Association until 1904, (shown lower left.) In 1905, the logo was changed (shown lower center). In 2001 the logo (shown lower right) was slightly altered to include the wording around the outside edge, was created and continues to be used as a sign of recognition by representatives of the M.S.F.A. while conducting the official business of the Association. -
Maritime Archaeology—Discovering and Exploring Shipwrecks
Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: Maritime Archaeology—Discovering and Exploring Shipwrecks Educational Product Maritime Archaeology Educators Grades 6-12 Discovering and Exploring Shipwrecks http://monitor.noaa.gov Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: Maritime Archaeology—Discovering and Exploring Shipwrecks Acknowledgement This educator guide was developed by NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary. This guide is in the public domain and cannot be used for commercial purposes. Permission is hereby granted for the reproduction, without alteration, of this guide on the condition its source is acknowledged. When reproducing this guide or any portion of it, please cite NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary as the source, and provide the following URL for more information: http://monitor.noaa.gov/education. If you have any questions or need additional information, email [email protected]. Cover Photo: All photos were taken off North Carolina’s coast as maritime archaeologists surveyed World War II shipwrecks during NOAA’s Battle of the Atlantic Expeditions. Clockwise: E.M. Clark, Photo: Joseph Hoyt, NOAA; Dixie Arrow, Photo: Greg McFall, NOAA; Manuela, Photo: Joseph Hoyt, NOAA; Keshena, Photo: NOAA Inside Cover Photo: USS Monitor drawing, Courtesy Joe Hines http://monitor.noaa.gov Monitor National Marine Sanctuary: Maritime Archaeology—Discovering and Exploring Shipwrecks Monitor National Marine Sanctuary Maritime Archaeology—Discovering and exploring Shipwrecks _____________________________________________________________________ An Educator -
New England Aquarium Dive Club, Inc. Newsletter
New England Aquarium Dive Club, Inc. Newsletter February 2001 NEADC Web Site: NEADC.org NEADC GENERAL MEETING MARCH INFORMAL MEETING will be held 6:30 PM on Wednesday, March 7, 2001 at the home of Anna and Bryce Flynn, 30 Hill Street, Wednesday, February 21, 2001, 6:30 p.m. at the New Foxboro, MA, 508-543-9761. England Aquarium Conference Center. Guest Speaker: --See Directions on Page 2. Ted Maney of Northeastern University Marine Science THIS MONTH'S CONTENTS Laboratory will talk on Scientific Diving at Northeastern. Officers/Voice Mail/Directions.................................... Page 2 Advertising/Members Advertising .............................. Page 2 REMINDER - NEAq/NEADC MEMBERSHIP RENEWAL!!! Earthwatch Volunteers Needed ................................. Page 2 Always check your membership card prior to General Meetings! If your Notes from the President/ Shore Dive Coordinator.... Page 3 card has expired, you will not be eligible for GOT drawings. If you have Meeting Minutes ........................................................ Page 4 renewed your membership and have not received your new membership Monthly Finances....................................................... Page 5 card, the Membership Director, Kathleen Sherman, has a list of all 2001 Dive Planning Meeting...................................... Page 5 memberships processed through the date of the meeting. By confirming North Shore Frogmen’s Photography Contest........... Page 6 that you are on the list, she can issue a temporary membership card good There’s a Weightbelt in My Shower ........................... Page 7 ONLY for the NEADC GOT drawing. NEADC Temporary Cards will not Members Comments ................................................. Page 7 allow you entry into New England Aquarium. Boston Scuba Diving Seminars ................................. Page 8 New England Aquarium sends our renewal reminders several months Sea Rover’s Clinic .................................................... -
Histoire De La Plongée
MZ PLONGEE LA NEUVEVILLE HISTOIRE DE LA PLONGÉE 02-HISTOIRE DE LA PLONGEE © MAURO ZÜRCHER 2002 MZ PLONGEE THEORIE DE LA PLONGEE TABLE DES MATIÈRES LES DÉBUTS ......................................................................................................................4 L’APNÉE ACTUELLE .....................................................................................................4 TABLEAU DES RECORD HOMOLOGUÉE....................................................................4 1650 LE POINT SUR LES DÉCOUVERTES DE LA SCIENCE...........................................7 IÈME LES INVENTIONS DU 18 SIÈCLE ................................................................................9 LE TONNEAU DE JOHN LETHBRIDGE 1715 ...............................................................9 LE CO2 1750..............................................................................................................9 FRÉMINET, PIONNIER DE LA RESPIRATION SOUS-MARINE AUTONOME 1774.....9 MISE EN ÉVIDENCE DE L’OXYGÈNE 1774 ..........................................................10 INVENTION DU MOT SCAPHANDRE 1775 ...........................................................10 LA « TORTUE » DE BUSHNELL 1776....................................................................11 LAVOISIER 1780..........................................................................................................11 KLINGERT 1797...........................................................................................................11 IÈME LE 19 SIÈCLE..............................................................................................................12 -
48641Fbea0551a56d8f4efe0cb7
cave The Earth series traces the historical significance and cultural history of natural phenomena. Written by experts who are passionate about their subject, titles in the series bring together science, art, literature, mythology, religion and popular culture, exploring and explaining the planet we inhabit in new and exciting ways. Series editor: Daniel Allen In the same series Air Peter Adey Cave Ralph Crane and Lisa Fletcher Desert Roslynn D. Haynes Earthquake Andrew Robinson Fire Stephen J. Pyne Flood John Withington Islands Stephen A. Royle Moon Edgar Williams Tsunami Richard Hamblyn Volcano James Hamilton Water Veronica Strang Waterfall Brian J. Hudson Cave Ralph Crane and Lisa Fletcher reaktion books For Joy Crane and Vasil Stojcevski Published by Reaktion Books Ltd 33 Great Sutton Street London ec1v 0dx, uk www.reaktionbooks.co.uk First published 2015 Copyright © Ralph Crane and Lisa Fletcher 2015 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers Printed and bound in China by 1010 Printing International Ltd A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library isbn 978 1 78023 431 1 contents Preface 7 1 What is a Cave? 9 2 Speaking of Speleology 26 3 Troglodytes and Troglobites: Living in the Dark Zone 45 4 Cavers, Potholers and Spelunkers: Exploring Caves 66 5 Monsters and Magic: Caves in Mythology and Folklore 90 6 Visually Rendered: The Art of Caves 108 7 ‘Caverns measureless to man’: Caves in Literature 125 8 Sacred Symbols: Holy Caves 147 9 Extraordinary to Behold: Spectacular Caves 159 notable caves 189 references 195 select bibliography 207 associations and websites 209 acknowledgements 211 photo acknowledgements 213 index 215 Preface ‘It’s not what you’d expect, down there,’ he had said.