Searching the TOR Network – Quick Guide
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UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title A Web of Extended Metaphors in the Guerilla Open Access Manifesto of Aaron Swartz Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6w76f8x7 Author Swift, Kathy Publication Date 2017 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara A Web of Extended Metaphors in the Guerilla Open Access Manifesto of Aaron Swartz A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Education by Kathleen Anne Swift Committee in charge: Professor Richard Duran, Chair Professor Diana Arya Professor William Robinson September 2017 The dissertation of Kathleen Anne Swift is approved. ................................................................................................................................ Diana Arya ................................................................................................................................ William Robinson ................................................................................................................................ Richard Duran, Committee Chair June 2017 A Web of Extended Metaphors in the Guerilla Open Access Manifesto of Aaron Swartz Copyright © 2017 by Kathleen Anne Swift iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the members of my committee for their advice and patience as I worked on gathering and analyzing the copious amounts of research necessary to -
A Generic Data Exchange System for F2F Networks
The Retroshare project The GXS system Decentralize your app! A Generic Data Exchange System for F2F Networks Cyril Soler C.Soler The GXS System 03 Feb. 2018 1 / 19 The Retroshare project The GXS system Decentralize your app! Outline I Overview of Retroshare I The GXS system I Decentralize your app! C.Soler The GXS System 03 Feb. 2018 2 / 19 The Retroshare project The GXS system Decentralize your app! The Retroshare Project I Mesh computers using signed TLS over TCP/UDP/Tor/I2P; I anonymous end-to-end encrypted FT with swarming; I mail, IRC chat, forums, channels; I available on Mac OS, Linux, Windows, (+ Android). C.Soler The GXS System 03 Feb. 2018 3 / 19 The Retroshare project The GXS system Decentralize your app! The Retroshare Project I Mesh computers using signed TLS over TCP/UDP/Tor/I2P; I anonymous end-to-end encrypted FT with swarming; I mail, IRC chat, forums, channels; I available on Mac OS, Linux, Windows. C.Soler The GXS System 03 Feb. 2018 3 / 19 The Retroshare project The GXS system Decentralize your app! The Retroshare Project I Mesh computers using signed TLS over TCP/UDP/Tor/I2P; I anonymous end-to-end encrypted FT with swarming; I mail, IRC chat, forums, channels; I available on Mac OS, Linux, Windows. C.Soler The GXS System 03 Feb. 2018 3 / 19 The Retroshare project The GXS system Decentralize your app! The Retroshare Project I Mesh computers using signed TLS over TCP/UDP/Tor/I2P; I anonymous end-to-end encrypted FT with swarming; I mail, IRC chat, forums, channels; I available on Mac OS, Linux, Windows. -
Anonymous Rate Limiting with Direct Anonymous Attestation
Anonymous rate limiting with Direct Anonymous Attestation Alex Catarineu Philipp Claßen Cliqz GmbH, Munich Konark Modi Josep M. Pujol 25.09.18 Crypto and Privacy Village 2018 Data is essential to build services 25.09.18 Crypto and Privacy Village 2018 Problems with Data Collection IP UA Timestamp Message Payload Cookie Type 195.202.XX.XX FF.. 2018-07-09 QueryLog [face, facebook.com] Cookie=966347bfd 14:01 1e550 195.202.XX.XX Chrome.. 2018-07-09 Page https://analytics.twitter.com/user/konark Cookie=966347bfd 14:06 modi 1e55040434abe… 195.202.XX.XX Chrome.. 2018-07-09 QueryLog [face, facebook.com] Cookie=966347bfd 14:10 1e55040434abe… 195.202.XX.XX Chrome.. 2018-07-09 Page https://booking.com/hotels/barcelona Cookie=966347bfd 16:15 1e55040434abe… 195.202.XX.XX Chrome.. 2018-07-09 QueryLog [face, facebook.com] Cookie=966347bfd 14:10 1e55040434abe… 195.202.XX.XX FF.. 2018-07-09 Page https://shop.flixbus.de/user/resetting/res Cookie=966347bfd 18:40 et/hi7KTb1Pxa4lXqKMcwLXC0XzN- 1e55040434abe… 47Tt0Q 25.09.18 Crypto and Privacy Village 2018 Anonymous data collection Timestamp Message Type Payload 2018-07-09 14 Querylog [face, facebook.com] 2018-07-09 14 Querylog [boo, booking.com] 2018-07-09 14 Page https://booking.com/hotels/barcelona 2018-07-09 14 Telemetry [‘engagement’: 0 page loads last week, 5023 page loads last month] More details: https://gist.github.com/solso/423a1104a9e3c1e3b8d7c9ca14e885e5 http://josepmpujol.net/public/papers/big_green_tracker.pdf 25.09.18 Crypto and Privacy Village 2018 Motivation: Preventing attacks on anonymous data collection Timestamp Message Type Payload 2018-07-09 14 querylog [book, booking.com] 2018-07-09 14 querylog [fac, facebook.com] … …. -
An Evolving Threat the Deep Web
8 An Evolving Threat The Deep Web Learning Objectives distribute 1. Explain the differences between the deep web and darknets.or 2. Understand how the darknets are accessed. 3. Discuss the hidden wiki and how it is useful to criminals. 4. Understand the anonymity offered by the deep web. 5. Discuss the legal issues associated withpost, use of the deep web and the darknets. The action aimed to stop the sale, distribution and promotion of illegal and harmful items, including weapons and drugs, which were being sold on online ‘dark’ marketplaces. Operation Onymous, coordinated by Europol’s Europeancopy, Cybercrime Centre (EC3), the FBI, the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) and Eurojust, resulted in 17 arrests of vendors andnot administrators running these online marketplaces and more than 410 hidden services being taken down. In addition, bitcoins worth approximately USD 1 million, EUR 180,000 Do in cash, drugs, gold and silver were seized. —Europol, 20141 143 Copyright ©2018 by SAGE Publications, Inc. This work may not be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means without express written permission of the publisher. 144 Cyberspace, Cybersecurity, and Cybercrime THINK ABOUT IT 8.1 Surface Web and Deep Web Google, Facebook, and any website you can What Would You Do? find via traditional search engines (Internet Explorer, Chrome, Firefox, etc.) are all located 1. The deep web offers users an anonym- on the surface web. It is likely that when you ity that the surface web cannot provide. use the Internet for research and/or social What would you do if you knew that purposes you are using the surface web. -
Applications Log Viewer
4/1/2017 Sophos Applications Log Viewer MONITOR & ANALYZE Control Center Application List Application Filter Traffic Shaping Default Current Activities Reports Diagnostics Name * Mike App Filter PROTECT Description Based on Block filter avoidance apps Firewall Intrusion Prevention Web Enable Micro App Discovery Applications Wireless Email Web Server Advanced Threat CONFIGURE Application Application Filter Criteria Schedule Action VPN Network Category = Infrastructure, Netw... Routing Risk = 1-Very Low, 2- FTPS-Data, FTP-DataTransfer, FTP-Control, FTP Delete Request, FTP Upload Request, FTP Base, Low, 4... All the Allow Authentication FTPS, FTP Download Request Characteristics = Prone Time to misuse, Tra... System Services Technology = Client Server, Netwo... SYSTEM Profiles Category = File Transfer, Hosts and Services Confe... Risk = 3-Medium Administration All the TeamViewer Conferencing, TeamViewer FileTransfer Characteristics = Time Allow Excessive Bandwidth,... Backup & Firmware Technology = Client Server Certificates Save Cancel https://192.168.110.3:4444/webconsole/webpages/index.jsp#71826 1/4 4/1/2017 Sophos Application Application Filter Criteria Schedule Action Applications Log Viewer Facebook Applications, Docstoc Website, Facebook Plugin, MySpace Website, MySpace.cn Website, Twitter Website, Facebook Website, Bebo Website, Classmates Website, LinkedIN Compose Webmail, Digg Web Login, Flickr Website, Flickr Web Upload, Friendfeed Web Login, MONITOR & ANALYZE Hootsuite Web Login, Friendster Web Login, Hi5 Website, Facebook Video -
DARK WEB INVESTIGATION GUIDE Contents 1
DARK WEB INVESTIGATION GUIDE Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Setting up Chrome for Dark Web Access 5 3. Setting up Virtual Machines for Dark Web Access 9 4. Starting Points for Tor Investigations 20 5. Technical Clues for De-Anonymizing Hidden Services 22 5.1 Censys.io SSL Certificates 23 5.2 Searching Shodan for Hidden Services 24 5.3 Checking an IP Address for Tor Usage 24 5.4 Additional Resources 25 6. Conclusion 26 2 Dark Web Investigation Guide 1 1. Introduction 3 Introduction 1 There is a lot of confusion about what the dark web is vs. the deep web. The dark web is part of the Internet that is not accessible through traditional means. It requires that you use a technology like Tor (The Onion Router) or I2P (Invisible Internet Project) in order to access websites, email or other services. The deep web is slightly different. The deep web is made of all the webpages or entire websites that have not been crawled by a search engine. This could be because they are hidden behind paywalls or require a username and password to access. We are going to be setting up access to the dark web with a focus on the Tor network. We are going to accomplish this in two different ways. The first way is to use the Tor Browser to get Google Chrome connected to the the Tor network. This is the less private and secure option, but it is the easiest to set up and use and is sufficient for accessing material on the dark web. -
A Framework for Identifying Host-Based Artifacts in Dark Web Investigations
Dakota State University Beadle Scholar Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations Fall 11-2020 A Framework for Identifying Host-based Artifacts in Dark Web Investigations Arica Kulm Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.dsu.edu/theses Part of the Databases and Information Systems Commons, Information Security Commons, and the Systems Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Kulm, Arica, "A Framework for Identifying Host-based Artifacts in Dark Web Investigations" (2020). Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations. 357. https://scholar.dsu.edu/theses/357 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Beadle Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Beadle Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A FRAMEWORK FOR IDENTIFYING HOST-BASED ARTIFACTS IN DARK WEB INVESTIGATIONS A dissertation submitted to Dakota State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Cyber Defense November 2020 By Arica Kulm Dissertation Committee: Dr. Ashley Podhradsky Dr. Kevin Streff Dr. Omar El-Gayar Cynthia Hetherington Trevor Jones ii DISSERTATION APPROVAL FORM This dissertation is approved as a credible and independent investigation by a candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy in Cyber Defense degree and is acceptable for meeting the dissertation requirements for this degree. Acceptance of this dissertation does not imply that the conclusions reached by the candidate are necessarily the conclusions of the major department or university. Student Name: Arica Kulm Dissertation Title: A Framework for Identifying Host-based Artifacts in Dark Web Investigations Dissertation Chair: Date: 11/12/20 Committee member: Date: 11/12/2020 Committee member: Date: Committee member: Date: Committee member: Date: iii ACKNOWLEDGMENT First, I would like to thank Dr. -
Introduction Points
Introduction Points Ahmia.fi - Clearnet search engine for Tor Hidden Services (allows you to add new sites to its database) TORLINKS Directory for .onion sites, moderated. Core.onion - Simple onion bootstrapping Deepsearch - Another search engine. DuckDuckGo - A Hidden Service that searches the clearnet. TORCH - Tor Search Engine. Claims to index around 1.1 Million pages. Welcome, We've been expecting you! - Links to basic encryption guides. Onion Mail - SMTP/IMAP/POP3. ***@onionmail.in address. URSSMail - Anonymous and, most important, SECURE! Located in 3 different servers from across the globe. Hidden Wiki Mirror - Good mirror of the Hidden Wiki, in the case of downtime. Where's pedophilia? I WANT IT! Keep calm and see this. Enter at your own risk. Site with gore content is well below. Discover it! Financial Services Currencies, banks, money markets, clearing houses, exchangers. The Green Machine Forum type marketplace for CCs, Paypals, etc.... Some very good vendors here!!!! Paypal-Coins - Buy a paypal account and receive the balance in your bitcoin wallet. Acrimonious2 - Oldest escrowprovider in onionland. BitBond - 5% return per week on Bitcoin Bonds. OnionBC Anonymous Bitcoin eWallet, mixing service and Escrow system. Nice site with many features. The PaypalDome Live Paypal accounts with good balances - buy some, and fix your financial situation for awhile. EasyCoin - Bitcoin Wallet with free Bitcoin Mixer. WeBuyBitcoins - Sell your Bitcoins for Cash (USD), ACH, WU/MG, LR, PayPal and more. Cheap Euros - 20€ Counterfeit bills. Unbeatable prices!! OnionWallet - Anonymous Bitcoin Wallet and Bitcoin Laundry. BestPal BestPal is your Best Pal, if you need money fast. Sells stolen PP accounts. -
An Investigative Study of Cryptocurrency Abuses in the Dark Web
Cybercriminal Minds: An investigative study of cryptocurrency abuses in the Dark Web Seunghyeon Leeyz Changhoon Yoonz Heedo Kangy Yeonkeun Kimy Yongdae Kimy Dongsu Hany Sooel Sony Seungwon Shinyz yKAIST zS2W LAB Inc. {seunghyeon, kangheedo, yeonk, yongdaek, dhan.ee, sl.son, claude}@kaist.ac.kr {cy}@s2wlab.com Abstract—The Dark Web is notorious for being a major known as one of the major drug trading sites [13], [22], and distribution channel of harmful content as well as unlawful goods. WannaCry malware, one of the most notorious ransomware, Perpetrators have also used cryptocurrencies to conduct illicit has actively used the Dark Web to operate C&C servers [50]. financial transactions while hiding their identities. The limited Cryptocurrency also presents a similar situation. Apart from coverage and outdated data of the Dark Web in previous studies a centralized server, cryptocurrencies (e.g., Bitcoin [58] and motivated us to conduct an in-depth investigative study to under- Ethereum [72]) enable people to conduct peer-to-peer trades stand how perpetrators abuse cryptocurrencies in the Dark Web. We designed and implemented MFScope, a new framework which without central authorities, and thus it is hard to identify collects Dark Web data, extracts cryptocurrency information, and trading peers. analyzes their usage characteristics on the Dark Web. Specifically, Similar to the case of the Dark Web, cryptocurrencies MFScope collected more than 27 million dark webpages and also provide benefits to our society in that they can redesign extracted around 10 million unique cryptocurrency addresses for Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Monero. It then classified their usages to financial trading mechanisms and thus motivate new business identify trades of illicit goods and traced cryptocurrency money models, but are also adopted in financial crimes (e.g., money flows, to reveal black money operations on the Dark Web. -
Torward: DISCOVERY, BLOCKING, and TRACEBACK of MALICIOUS TRAFFIC OVER Tor 2517
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY, VOL. 10, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2015 2515 TorWard: Discovery, Blocking, and Traceback of Malicious Traffic Over Tor Zhen Ling, Junzhou Luo, Member, IEEE,KuiWu,Senior Member, IEEE, Wei Yu, and Xinwen Fu Abstract— Tor is a popular low-latency anonymous communi- I. INTRODUCTION cation system. It is, however, currently abused in various ways. OR IS a popular overlay network that provides Tor exit routers are frequently troubled by administrative and legal complaints. To gain an insight into such abuse, we designed Tanonymous communication over the Internet for and implemented a novel system, TorWard, for the discovery and TCP applications and helps fight against various Internet the systematic study of malicious traffic over Tor. The system censorship [1]. It serves hundreds of thousands of users and can avoid legal and administrative complaints, and allows the carries terabyte of traffic daily. Unfortunately, Tor has been investigation to be performed in a sensitive environment such abused in various ways. Copyrighted materials are shared as a university campus. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is used to discover and classify malicious traffic. We performed through Tor. The black markets (e.g., Silk Road [2], an comprehensive analysis and extensive real-world experiments to online market selling goods such as pornography, narcotics validate the feasibility and the effectiveness of TorWard. Our or weapons1) can be deployed through Tor hidden service. results show that around 10% Tor traffic can trigger IDS alerts. Attackers also run botnet Command and Control (C&C) Malicious traffic includes P2P traffic, malware traffic (e.g., botnet servers and send spam over Tor. -
An Analysis of Private Browsing Modes in Modern Browsers
An Analysis of Private Browsing Modes in Modern Browsers Gaurav Aggarwal Elie Bursztein Collin Jackson Dan Boneh Stanford University CMU Stanford University Abstract Even within a single browser there are inconsistencies. We study the security and privacy of private browsing For example, in Firefox 3.6, cookies set in public mode modes recently added to all major browsers. We first pro- are not available to the web site while the browser is in pose a clean definition of the goals of private browsing private mode. However, passwords and SSL client cer- and survey its implementation in different browsers. We tificates stored in public mode are available while in pri- conduct a measurement study to determine how often it is vate mode. Since web sites can use the password man- used and on what categories of sites. Our results suggest ager as a crude cookie mechanism, the password policy that private browsing is used differently from how it is is inconsistent with the cookie policy. marketed. We then describe an automated technique for Browser plug-ins and extensions add considerable testing the security of private browsing modes and report complexity to private browsing. Even if a browser ad- on a few weaknesses found in the Firefox browser. Fi- equately implements private browsing, an extension can nally, we show that many popular browser extensions and completely undermine its privacy guarantees. In Sec- plugins undermine the security of private browsing. We tion 6.1 we show that many widely used extensions un- propose and experiment with a workable policy that lets dermine the goals of private browsing. -
The Potential Harms of the Tor Anonymity Network Cluster Disproportionately in Free Countries
The potential harms of the Tor anonymity network cluster disproportionately in free countries Eric Jardinea,1,2, Andrew M. Lindnerb,1, and Gareth Owensonc,1 aDepartment of Political Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061; bDepartment of Sociology, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866; and cCyber Espion Ltd, Portsmouth PO2 0TP, United Kingdom Edited by Douglas S. Massey, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved October 23, 2020 (received for review June 10, 2020) The Tor anonymity network allows users to protect their privacy However, substantial evidence has shown that the preponder- and circumvent censorship restrictions but also shields those ance of Onion/Hidden Services traffic connects to illicit sites (7). distributing child abuse content, selling or buying illicit drugs, or With this important caveat in mind, our data also show that the sharing malware online. Using data collected from Tor entry distribution of potentially harmful and beneficial uses is uneven, nodes, we provide an estimation of the proportion of Tor network clustering predominantly in politically free regimes. In particular, users that likely employ the network in putatively good or bad the average rate of likely malicious use of Tor in our data for ways. Overall, on an average country/day, ∼6.7% of Tor network countries coded by Freedom House as “not free” is just 4.8%. In users connect to Onion/Hidden Services that are disproportion- countries coded as “free,” the percentage of users visiting Onion/ ately used for illicit purposes. We also show that the likely balance Hidden Services as a proportion of total daily Tor use is nearly of beneficial and malicious use of Tor is unevenly spread globally twice as much or ∼7.8%.