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Global Review of Safety at Sea in the Fisheries Sector

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Global Review of Safety at Sea in the Fisheries Sector FIAO/C1153 (En) FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular ISSN 2070-6065 GLOBAL REVIEW OF SAFETY AT SEA IN THE FISHERIES SECTOR FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1153 FIAO/C1153 (En) GLOBAL REVIEW OF SAFETY AT SEA IN THE FISHERIES SECTOR by Adriana Oliva Remolà FAO Consultant Madrid, Spain Ari Gudmundsson Branch Head Fishing Operations and Technology Branch Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy and Resources Division Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization Rome, Italy FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2018 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-130507-2 © FAO, 2018 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request or addressed to [email protected]. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. iii PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT Fishing is considered to be the most dangerous occupation in the world with an International Labour Organization’s (ILO) estimated fatality rate of at least 80 lives lost per 100 000 fishers. This figure is based on data from countries that have an accident reporting and analysis system in place. It is plausible that the fatality rate in countries for which information is not available might be even higher than it is in those that do keep records. FAO has over the last decades carried out a number of surveys on the safety at sea in the fisheries sector from around the world with the objective to consolidate the experience gained by selected countries in sea safety with a view to improving ongoing and future activities in the respective regions. This document draws from these surveys and additional information from other organizations and institutions, as well as country-related information, legislation and statistics. Its purpose is to provide information that may be useful in improving safety at sea in the fisheries sector, in particular the small- scale fisheries sector, in a country or a region through technical assistance. The document was prepared by Ms Adriana Oliva Remolà, PhD Student at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) and Mr Ari Gudmundsson, Head of the Fishing Operations and Technology Branch, Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy and Resources Division, FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. FAO. 2018. Global review of safety at sea in the fisheries sector, by Adriana Oliva Remolà and Ari Gudmundsson. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1153. Rome, Italy. ABSTRACT Safety at sea relates to the ability of a vessel to return to port —or more usually its island or village— at the completion of a voyage or trip. It is not a new concept, as even well-designed vessels can suffer an accident at sea. This document is a global review of safety at sea in the fisheries sector, with a particular focus on the small-scale fisheries sector in developing countries. Among other relevant safety issues, it considers existing legislation, fisheries management measures and data recording. The information presented has been obtained from studies and workshops organized by FAO and other institutions, as well as country-related information, legislation and statistics. Following both global and regional overviews, the document is structured by region. The following regions and countries are considered: Latin America and the Caribbean: Argentina, Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Mexico and Peru. Pacific Islands: Fiji, Kiribati, Samoa, Tonga and Tuvalu. Southeast Asia: Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, the State of Tamil Nadu (India) and Thailand. South West Indian Ocean: Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles and the United Republic of Tanzania. West Africa: Cameroon, Cabo Verde, Côte d'Ivoire, the Gambia Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. v CONTENTS PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT ............................................................................................ iii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................... iii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................................................. vii ITEMS TO BE ANALYSED ................................................................................................................. ix GLOBAL SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 1 Sea safety legislation ........................................................................................................................... 1 Fisheries management and safety at sea ............................................................................................. 1 Data recording ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Boatbuilding and vessel design ........................................................................................................... 2 Insurance scheme ................................................................................................................................ 2 Search and rescue ................................................................................................................................ 2 Main causes of accidents .................................................................................................................... 2 REGIONAL OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................... 4 Latin America and the Caribbean ....................................................................................................... 5 Pacific Islands region .......................................................................................................................... 8 Southeast Asia ................................................................................................................................... 11 South West Indian Ocean .................................................................................................................. 14 West Africa ....................................................................................................................................... 17 LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN ..................................................................................... 20 Argentina .......................................................................................................................................... 20 Belize ................................................................................................................................................ 22 Colombia ........................................................................................................................................... 24 Costa Rica ......................................................................................................................................... 26 Ecuador ............................................................................................................................................. 29 El Salvador ........................................................................................................................................ 31 Grenada ............................................................................................................................................. 34 Mexico .............................................................................................................................................. 35 Peru ................................................................................................................................................... 38 PACIFIC ISLANDS ............................................................................................................................. 41 Fiji ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 Kiribati .............................................................................................................................................
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