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Stratigraphy of the Waterman and Silver Bell Mountains

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Stratigraphy of the Waterman and Silver Bell Mountains EXPLANATION �' II �""" � 1'\'-11\ / "Oll�) fill, undtfo,mtd \ !!....... ·,::1 A\\ � p,/ .. \ 1 Oal 001 Older �olley lill, Gi]Oelo.mell 0101 '111 foul I lones b "1. �.)," 1 \ � � Bo,oll Ond ondtSl1t Ilows ond o1ku, .. DUDCioltd con�lome'O't leMU [+T.++l Rhyolite Intrusive� ono 110" rocks £: O' .. � ":I Docile ono'l�TT�/i O''lCIUrU porphyry. includes rocks of 01 leO�f '''0 Diles .� � .tl m l ' " T .\ �V., , ..... ... J ' Ollorll monloni" porphyry Cot Mounloin�(?)'hyolile; N rlOwl lull Dno welded lull 001 "Silver Bell con\llomerole belh',' comPOud lortllely �onduHe porohyrv frO\lmentl 01 Con\llomero1e,.. ,tn some� sandnene ond mUdnonei contOinS "CQments 01 P,ecoml)riol'l o;I.onlle cnd quaffti", C't!oueus 1?ICOOQlomerole, ondes,te po,phyry, In Pori Includu beds younO;J,rlnon Tl(sb j . 4- " ,, =,, tv = = Aloskil' ...... ",,,, ."" tv w, / ,," � Red beds-conQlomera1t�orkose ,mudsloroe, 001 cOI'1\110mefOIr contolns "Ollmen" ot on!;!es'!e POrpl\�ry � L,mu!ooe, Quarfzilt�,and muds!ane', Cambriao Qua,!!ile ,s sl'ppled <��, �:\ C"",,-i. - .j : . .� t;- - . <II!> � Ks - - ,: ApocheI: · ·�'IJ 'iI,ouP � (,ncludes Scaolon coog lomrralr, P'anrer shale, aaron Q�.i-_���-.'; /�' � cQt'lqlomrrale ond parl iol seClion of IheOripplog SprlOg e�=- Quarll,!e) �� + ::f J -f"'" , i¥- + + K C + + + + +' ot r �� T , Grao,le 18\+,,: +) may joclude some POSl- P'fcomb.loo 1... • ...../';(+ + : �fs 8� \�:+ )� � +- R � \(+: Pinal SChi$! 1/2 2rnHn I SCALE e' - "/"�' /77;/2/�.. KI " ..._ . " . " • . , 7/' ,.r:�? h" 'l/�t1��� ''' ''' ,,' ,:" -;... ,�\' " FIGURE 45. Generalized geologic map and diagrammatic cross sections of Wate rman and Silver Bell Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, showing part of route of Field Trip II. WaterITlan-Silver Bell-Trip II STRATIGRAPHY OF THE WATERMAN AND SILVER BELL MOUNTAINS TRIP II, ROAD LOG Thursday, April 2, 1959 Leaders: N. E. McC1YITlonds, H. G. Page, and C. W. Haynes Driving distance: 87. 4 ITliles Logged di stanc e: 49. 7 ITliles . General StateITlent The principal purpose of thi s trip is the exaITlination of the Paleozoic section in the WaterITlan Moun­ tains. In addition, the party will exaITline Cretac eous (?) sediITlents in the pass between the WaterITlan and Silver Bell Mountains and the Oxide Pit of the Silver Bell ITline. The route of the trip will go around the north end of the Tuc son Mountains (Trip III) , cross Avra Valley, into the WaterITlan and Silver Bell Mountains and return froITl Silver Bell by the saITle route (fig. 55). The trip will include a leisurely 2- to 3-hour hike through the Paleozoic section of the WaterITlan Mountains and a 30 -ITlinute walk to the Cre­ tac eous (?) rocks. 0. 0 JUNCTION of Speedway Boulevard and State Highway 84, alternate. TURN o. c RIGHT. 5 0. 5 8:00 to 11:00: The Tuc son Mountains (Trip IV) are here fo r the ITlo st part rep­ o. resented by a dip slope of Cat Mountain rhyolite flows and welded tuff-aggloITlerate. 1. 8 2. 3 JUNC T ION with State Highway 93. Watch for ITlerging traffic . Divided highway begins in O. 5 ITliles. 0. 6 2. 9 3:00: The Santa Catalina Mountains rise to an altitude of 9, 150 feet, about 6, 900 feet above altitude of the highway. The Santa Catalina Mountains (Trip III) are cOITlpo sed ITlainly of gneiss, schi st, and various intrusive rocks. 2. 4 5. 3 Santa Cruz River bed in near ITliddle-ground to left. The Santa Cruz River is distinctly aSYITlITletrical in the reach along the Tuc son Mountains, probably ow- ing to a greate r ITlass of alluvial debris cOITling froITl the Santa Catalina Moun­ tains, which are higher and have a greater bulk than the Tucson Mountain s. North of the Tuc son Mountains, the Santa Cruz River is ITlo re centrally located on the plain between the sITlaller and ITlore equally :::ized Tortillita Mountains to the east, which can be seen at 2:00, and ITlountains to the west. 0. 8 6. 1 9:00: Several sITlall hill s, located just this side of the ITlain ridge of the Tuc son Mountains, are cOITlposed of Paleozoic liITlestone ranging in ag e froITl Missis­ sippian to PerITlian. The Paleozoic rocks rest on Cretaceous (?) volcanic and sediITlentary rocks and have been interpreted as klippe (Brown, 1939; Whitney, 1957) and as reITlnants of a giant sediITlentary breccia (Kinnison, E). 6 6. 7 Bridge over Rillito Creek, the tributary of the Santa Cruz River that drains the o. southe rn front of the Santa Catalina Mountains and the ranges that ring Tucson to the east and southeast. 6 7. 3 9:00: Wasson Peak, altitude 4, 677 feet, is the highe st point in the Tuc son Moun­ o. tains. Wasson Peak and its higher slopes are cOITlpo sed of arkosic Creta ceous (?) sediITlents intruded by granite and quartz ITlonzonite stocks and large latitic sills. A faint color and texture chang e to the south ITlarks the contact between the se rocks and the overlapping Cat Mountain rhyolite. At 10:30 is Safford Peak, which ha s been interpreted as a volcanic neck (Brown, 1939) cOITlpo sed of light gray dacite with proITlinent vertical flow structure. The area of the peak is elliptical, elongated along a N. 600 E. axis. The dacite plug pierces the sur­ rounding volcanic and sediITlentary rocks and is considered to be the youngest igneous cock at the north end of the Tuc son Mountains. O. 5 7. 8 Bridge over Canon del Oro Wash, the tributary of the Santa Cruz River that drains the northwe stern part of the Santa Catalina Mountains. Canon del Oro 213 Trip II- Waterman-Silver Bell Wash was considered by Davis (1931) to have pirated a considerable portion of the northern slopes of the Santa Catalina Mountains which previously had drained northeastward into the San Pedro Valley. 2. 6 10. 4 Cortaro, altitude 2, 155 feet. Road to left leads over a low gap south of Safford Peak and continues to the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, which specializes in presenting the natural history of the southwest. At 2:00 are the Tortillita Moun­ tains, a low, deeply dissected range compo sed principally of metamorphic and igneous rocks. The Tortillita Mountains, perhap s because of their apparently gently rolling topography, are popularly described to visitors as the "olde st" mountains around Tuc son. 3. 7 14. 1 SLOW. Left turn ahead. Move into left-hand lane . 0. 2 14. 3 TURN LEFT onto Avra Valley road. STOP before crossing south bound highway . O. 1 14. 4 Left of the road is the American Smelting and Refining Co. loading apparatu s for concentrate coming from the Silver Bell mine. Conc entrate is brought from the mill at Silver Bell in trucks and loaded here onto railroad cars to be shipped to El Pa so, Texas, or Hayden, Arizona, for processing and refining . 0. 2 14. 6 The brown hills ahead are composed of ande sitic fl ows and breccias and form a north-trending ridge. A probable extension of thi s ridge can be seen at 2:30, about 3 miles north, whe re a low dark hill of Cretaceous (?) sedimentary rocks (Brown, 1939) pokes up through the alluvium. Alluvium cove rs the intervening portion of the ridge, known as the Rillito Narrows, who se presenc e is confirmed by water-table altitudes and other ground-water data. 0. 4 15. 0 1:00: Arizona Portland Cement Co. plant. 0. 4 15. 4 Bridge over the Santa Cruz River. The drainage basin of the Santa Cruz River forms one of the large drainage areas tributary to the Gila River, who se main stem lies about 60 miles north. Only following periods of greater than normal rainfall, however, does flow go north beyond the Rillito Narrows. O. 1 15. 5 At left is a road cut in brecciated and tilted massive andesite flows. 0. 2 15. 7 CAUTION at road crossing . The crossing road runs between the cement plant and the Picacho de Calera, or Twin Peaks, which are mined for limestone. These hill s are compo sed of Precambrian schist, Paleozoic clastic and lime­ stone strata and post-Cretac eous granite (Bryant, 1952). The structu re of the Twin Peaks rocks ha s been interpreted as a klippe resting on Cretaceous (?) rocks (Brown, 1939), and as the west limb of an intricately deformed syncline which passes beneath the Tuc son Mountains (Britt, 1957). The small hill no rth of Twin Peaks is composed of the Pennsylvanian Horquilla formation overlying Permian lime stone along a gently northeast-dipping fault. The quarrying opera­ tions are presently cutting into Horquilla and Mississippian Escabrosa limestone. 1. 9 17. 6 Across the broad expanse of Avra Valley are the Roskruge Mountains between 9:30 and 11:00, the Waterman Mountains at 11:30, and the Silver Bell Mountains from 12:00 to 1:00. The tailing s dump of the Silver Bell mine can be seen at the south end of the Silver Bell Mountains. To the southwest, at a much greater distance, are the Coyote- Quinlan Mountains, and to the northwest, at about 2:00, are the Picacho Mountains with Picacho Peak at their southern end. Picacho Peak, a bilingual redundancy -- "pichacho" means "peak" in Spanish -- was a prominent landmark during the early explorations of this country. It is compo sed of a complex of small fault blocks of volcanic flows (Feth, 19 51), although it was long believed to be a deeply dissected volcanic neck. The mass of Picacho Moun­ tain to its north is compo sed of gneissic and intrusive rocks. 1. 6 19.
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