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University Micixxilms International 300 N INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “ Missing Page(s)” . I f it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. 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These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. University Micixxilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8526208 Li, Shi-Jiang BIOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM 5S RIBOSOMAL RNA The Ohio State University Ph.D. 1985 University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or pages_______ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print ______ 3. Photographs with dark background______ 4. Illustrations are poor c o p y_______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy_____ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page _______ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages ^ 8. Print exceeds margin requirements ______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine _______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print_______ 11. P ag e(s)_____________lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. P ag e(s)_____________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered ______________ . Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages _______ 15. Other _______________________________________ ______________________________ University Microfilms International BIOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM 5S RIBOSOMAL RNA DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillm ent of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By SHI-JIANG LI ******* The Ohio State University 1985 Reading Committee: Approved By Professor Alan G. Marshall Professor Gary E. Means Professor Robert T. Ross I k A H i s / J . I l l Aavisor Professor Elizabeth L. Gross Department of Biochemistry TO MY FAMILY 1i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are a very large number of people whom I would lik e to thank. First, I would like to express my appreciation to Professor Alan G. Marshall for his guidance, inspiration and style throughout this work. I would also like to thank C. E. Cottrell for his guidance in NMR program. Special thanks to T. L. Ricca, and L.-H. Chang for th eir DSC program, J. 0. Alben and K. 0. Burkey for acquiring FT-IR spectra. All the members of Professor Marshall’ s research group, including T. C. L. Wang, S.-M. Chen, F. S. Andersen, and the rest of the troupe are acknowledged for their assistance and fruitful discussions. I would lik e to extend my appreciation to Professor Gary E. Means, Professor Edward J. Behrman, M.-K. Chang, and J. Houck for their encouragement and help. A special gratitude is expressed to my family. Without their support this work would not have been possible. Finally, I wish to acknowledge the U.S.A. Public Health Service (N .I.H . 1 R01 GM-29274; N .I.H . 1 S10 RR-01458) and the Department of Biochemistry, The Ohio State University. VITA October 31, 1946 .................... Born, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China 1970 ................................... .......... Graduated from Tsing Hua University, Beijing, China 1970-1978 ................................... Assistant Engineer at National 610th Factory, China 1978-1980 ................................... M. Sci. Program, The Graduate School, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China 1981-1985 ................................... Teaching and Research Assistant, at The Ohio State University PUBLICATIONS Zhang, Z.-L. and Li, S.-L. (1982) "Infrared Study on Hydration of Bovine Serum Albumin Membranes" Prog. Biophys. & Biochem. 33-36 (in Chinese). Li, S.-J., Chang, L.-H., Chen, S.-M., and Marshall, A. G. (1984) "Preparative-Scale Isolation and Purification of Procaryotic and Eukaryotic Ribosomal 5S RNA: Bacillus subtil i s , Neurospora crassa, and Wheat Germ," Anal. Biochem.~T3 8 , 465-471. Chang, L.-H., Li, S.-J., Ricca, T. L., and Marshall, A. G. (1984) "Theoretical and Experimental On-Line Analysis of Multi-State Melting of Polymers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry," Anal . Chem. 56, 1502-1507. Li, S.-J., Burkey, K. 0., Luoma, G. A., Alben, J. 0., and Marshall, A.G., (1984) "Base Pairing in Wheat Germ Ribosomal 5S RNA as Measured by Ultraviolet Absorption, Circular Dichroism, and Fourier-Transfonm Infrared Spectrometry," Biochemistry 23, 3652-3658. ~ iv Li, S.-J. and Marshall, A. G. (1985) "Multi-State Unfolding of Wheat Germ Ribosomal 5S RNA Analyzed by D ifferen tial Scanning Calorimetry," Biochemistry 24, in press. Li, S.-J. and Marshall, A. G. "Identification and Assignment of Base Pairs in the "Tuned Helix" of Intact and RNase T1 Cleavage Fragments of Wheat Germ Ribosomal 5S RNA via 500 Mhz Proton Homonuclear Overhauser Enhancements" Submitted to Biochemistry, July, 1985. Field of Study: Biophysical Chemistry v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION .................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ......................................................................................................... H i VITA ................................................................................................................................. iv LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ x ii BIOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM 5S RIBOSOMAL RNA page CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 1 A. The general events of protein synthesis in the ribosome ............................................................................... 1 B. Ribosomal 5S RNA involvement in protein synthesis ............................................................................. 10 1. Possible function of 5S RNA in the ribosomes .................................................................... 10 2. Localization of 5S RNA in ribosomes ............ 15 C. Secondary structural models for 5S RNA and the methods to approach i t ................................................ 17 1. Comparative sequence analysis ........................ 19 2. Chemical modifications ......................................... 21 vi 3. Oligonucleotide binding ..................................... 23 4. Ribonuclease digestion ........................................ 24 5. Optical techniques ................................................ 25 6. Magnetic resonance methods ..................... 27 7. Thermal stability of 5S RNA structure and differential scanning calorimetry ................ 29 8. Other techniques ....................................... 31 D. Wheat germ cytosol 5S RNA secondary structure 33 CHAPTER I I ISOLATION, PURIFICATION, AND PREPARATION OF NATIVE 5S RNA AND ITS RNASE T1 FRAGMENTS FROM WHEAT GERM 37 A. Introduction ........................................................................ 37 B. Isolation and Purification ......................................... 39 1. Materials and Methods .......................................... 39 2. Phenol-SDS extraction .......................................... 39 3. Ion-exchange chromatography ( DE-32) ......... 41 4. G e l-filtra tio n chromatography (G-75) ......... 43 C. Purity of the wheat germ 5S RNA ............................. 49 1. Gel electrophoresis .............................................. 49 2. Gel scanning ............................................................
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