DOCSLIB.ORG

Masterproef: Dwangarbeid in De Belgische Rechtsgeschiedenis (1885- 1945)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Masterproef: Dwangarbeid in De Belgische Rechtsgeschiedenis (1885- 1945) MASTERPROEF: DWANGARBEID IN DE BELGISCHE RECHTSGESCHIEDENIS (1885- 1945) Aantal woorden: 65 274. Mathijs Verbeeck Studentennummer: 01407731 Promotor(en): Prof. dr. Dirk Heirbaut, Dr. Sebastiaan Vandenbogaerde Masterproef voorgelegd voor het behalen van de graad master in de rechten Academiejaar: 2018 – 2019 2 DANKWOORD In de eerste plaats wil ik mijn ouders bedanken voor hun steun tijdens het schrijven van mijn thesis en hun moeite om dit werk talloze keren na te lezen. Ze hebben me de kans gegeven om deze studie aan te vatten en hebben me doorheen deze vijfjarige periode steeds op hun eigen manier geholpen. Daarnaast wil ik al de anderen bedanken die de moeite hebben genomen dit werk, soms zelfs meerdere keren, na te lezen. Bijzondere dank gaat uit naar professor Heirbaut die me de kans gaf dit onderzoek te voeren. Zijn advies heeft me in de juiste richting geholpen. Naast professor Heirbaut wil ik Dr. Vandenbogaerde bedanken voor zijn goede raad en begeleiding. De gesprekken met hem waren uitermate leerrijk. Ik heb van hen beiden veel geleerd gedurende (dit laatste jaar van) mijn opleiding. Ik kan mijn eindwerk niet indienen zonder de mensen van de archieven te Gent en Brussel te bedanken. Hun bijdrage bij het opsporen van de gedeporteerden uit Lochristi was een onmisbare hulp. Daarnaast wil ik ook Greet D. bedanken voor haar hulp bij het inkijken van de boeken uit de Koninklijke Bibliotheek te Brussel. Bijzondere dank gaat ook uit naar Bert Vervaet van de Heemkundige kring Oost-Oudburg. Hij heeft de zoektocht naar het verleden van onze gemeente enorm versoepeld. Tenslotte wil ik nog mijn lieve vriendin Margot bedanken voor het geduld en de steun tijdens dit laatste jaar van mijn opleiding. Dat jaar werd voor het overgrote deel door dit werk gedomineerd. Ze maakte de last lichter op moeilijkste momenten en ze kon mij altijd motiveren om toch nog even door te zetten. 3 Inhoud DANKWOORD ............................................................................................................................................. 3 INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................... 9 Voorwerp van het onderzoek, hypothese en onderzoeksvragen ....................................................................... 9 Het begrip gedwongen tewerkstelling: wat wel en wat niet? .......................................................................... 11 Status quaestionis en de bijdrage van het huidig onderzoek ........................................................................... 14 CONGO-VRIJSTAAT ...................................................................................................................................... 14 EERSTE WERELDOORLOG ............................................................................................................................. 15 TWEEDE WERELDOORLOG ........................................................................................................................... 17 BIJDRAGE VAN HET HUIDIGE ONDERZOEK..................................................................................................... 19 Methode .................................................................................................................................................... 20 Bronnen ..................................................................................................................................................... 22 A CONGO-VRIJSTAAT ................................................................................................................................... 22 B EERSTE WERELDOORLOG .......................................................................................................................... 25 C TWEEDE WERELDOORLOG ........................................................................................................................ 28 DEEL 1: SITUERING DE ONAFHANKELIJKE CONGOSTAAT ........................................................................ 31 HOOFDSTUK 1: HET INTERNATIONAAL RECHT TEN TIJDE VAN DE ONAFHANKELIJKE CONGOSTAAT ..... 33 1 De West-Afrika-conferentie van Berlijn in 1885 .......................................................................................... 33 2 De Conferentie van Brussel van 18 november 1889 .................................................................................... 36 HOOFDSTUK 2: DE UITBOUW VAN DE ONAFHANKELIJKE CONGOSTAAT ................................................ 39 1 De financiële structuur ............................................................................................................................. 39 2 De overheidsorganisatie van de Onafhankelijke Congostaat ........................................................................ 42 2.1 DE ADMINISTRATIE ................................................................................................................................ 42 2.2 GOUVERNEUR-GENERAAL WAHIS ........................................................................................................... 44 2.3 DE RECHTERLIJKE MACHT ....................................................................................................................... 45 3 Gebrekkig systeem ................................................................................................................................... 46 HOOFDSTUK 3: DE GEDWONGEN TEWERKSTELLING IN DE ONAFHANKELIJKE CONGOSTAAT ............... 50 Project A: de aanleg van de spoorlijn tussen Matadi en Leopoldstad. .............................................................. 50 1 INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................ 50 2 ALBERT THYS: ........................................................................................................................................... 50 3 SIRE, CONGO BEHOEFT EEN SPOORLIJN ..................................................................................................... 51 4 DE LEVENSOMSTANDIGHEDEN VAN EEN SPOORARBEIDER IN DE EERSTE JAREN: VAN 1890 TOT 1892 ............ 53 5 GEDWONGEN TEWERKSTELLING IN DIENST VAN HET SPOOR ....................................................................... 56 6 BUITENLANDSE KRITIEK EN DE PRAKTIJK VAN DE LIBÉRÉS: (1892-1895) ........................................................ 58 7 HET INDIVIDUELE OOGPUNT ..................................................................................................................... 61 4 8 1895 TOT 1898: EEN NIEUW LICHT ............................................................................................................ 63 Project B: het rubberbeleid van de Abir ........................................................................................................ 64 1 INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................ 65 2 ABIR CONGO COMPANY: ACHTERGROND EN STRUCTUUR ........................................................................... 65 3 DE (RUBBER)TAKS: ALGEMEEN .................................................................................................................. 67 4 BELASTING OF VERANTWOORDING? ......................................................................................................... 68 5 De dwangmethoden en hun verantwoording ............................................................................................. 73 TUSSENBESLUIT ........................................................................................................................................ 77 DEEL 2: SITUERING LOCHRISTI IN DE EERSTE WERELDOORLOG.............................................................. 80 HOOFDSTUK 4: DE VREDESCONFERENTIES VAN DEN HAAG ................................................................... 82 1 Algemene informatie ................................................................................................................................ 82 1.1 INLEIDING ............................................................................................................................................. 82 1.2 DE VREDESCONFERENTIES ...................................................................................................................... 82 2 Het recht betreffende de Oorlog te Land. ................................................................................................... 85 2.1 ALGEMEEN ............................................................................................................................................ 85 2.2 DE BEZETTING, DE OPENBARE ORDE EN DE GEDWONGEN TEWERKSTELLING ............................................. 86 HOOFDSTUK 5 DE ORGANISATIE VAN HET BEZETTINGSREGIME IN BELGIË (1914-1918) ....................... 96 1 De Duitse structuur in België ..................................................................................................................... 96 1.1 INLEIDING ............................................................................................................................................. 96 1.2 HET DUITSE LEGER ................................................................................................................................. 98 1.3 HET GENERAAL-GOUVERNEMENT ..........................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • How in Belgium's Journal Des Tribunaux the Interest for the Congo
    1 Sebastiaan Vandenbogaerde “Une telle apathie est presque coupable”. How in Belgium’s Journal des tribunaux the interest for the ongo !ree State spar"ed o#f $1%%&'1()%*1 +,sum, - .orsque l’État Ind,pendant du ongo $10 * fut ,tabli en 18%&2 le roi .,opold 00 le consid,ra comme son territoire personnel. 3u d,but2 les politiciens et les avocats belges ne semblaient pas se soucier des ambitions coloniales de son sou4erain. .eur attitude changea au cours des ann,es 18()2 lorsque .,opold 00 et l’É0 furent internationalement accus,s de commettre des crimes contre l’humanit,. .e 5arlement belge chercha et trou4a une solution dans le pro6et d’annexion durant la premi8re d,cennie du 99e si8cle. Comment les avocats belges per:urent cette question ; < travers les re4ues 6uridiques2 qui re=>8tent et forment des opinions2 il est possible de reconstruire l’histoire de l’annexion de l’État libre congolais par la Belgique. .e Journal des tribunaux est le titre le plus important de son ,poque2 primus inter pares des re4ues 6uridiques2 il est li, ? toutes les associations des mondes politique2 juridique et colonial. @ots'cl,s - histoire du droit – histoire coloniale – études des re4ues – Belgique – Congo 3bstract - Bhen the Congo !ree State $ !S* was established in 18%&2 Cing .eopold 00 ruled it as its personal territorD. At fFrst Belgian politicians and lawDers seemed not to care about the colonial ambitions of its so4ereign. Ghat changed during the 18()s2 when the .eopoldian !S was internationally accused of committing crimes against humanitD.
    [Show full text]
  • One Speaks Softly, Like in a Sacred Place’: Collecting, Studying and Exhibiting Congolese Artefacts As African Art in Belgium
    ‘One speaks softly, like in a sacred place’: collecting, studying and exhibiting Congolese artefacts as African art in Belgium Maarten Couttenier Many publications have dated the European ‘discovery’ of ‘primitive art’ in the beginning of the twentieth century or even after the 1914–18 war. Overall, they argue that African objects, collected between the fifteenth and the eighteenth century, ended up as curiosities in European ‘Cabinets of Wonders’. During an ethnographic phase in the nineteenth century, travellers and museum staff were believed to be mostly interested in the functional aspects of these objects, as they ‘failed to see the beauty; curiosity was great, but is was mixed with pity.’1 Finally, these publications state that the true art value of these objects was discovered during an aesthetic phase in the beginning of the twentieth century by artists such as Henri Matisse, André Derain, Georges Braque, and Pablo Picasso.2 Despite the fact that Africans were of course the first to appreciate the beauty of their own objects (something that was not always recognized in the West), the Western interest in African art was supposedly linked to the need among European artists for ‘new sources of inspiration outside the continent to rejuvenate its old civilisation. Disgusted by the modern world, its steel machines and its pitiless brutality, the period after the 1914–1918 war turned passionately towards the primitive, and especially the “Negro” ’.3 The widely publicised exhibition ‘Primitivism’ in the 20th Century Art: Affinity of the Tribal and the Modern in the Museum of Modern Art in New York (1984–85), and the introduction by William Rubin in the catalogue, confirmed this ‘modernist myth’.4 ‘Primitivism’ or ‘the interest of modern artists in tribal art and culture, as 1 J.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Biographical and Historical Notes on Joseph Conrad's Heart Of
    Vol. 1 No. 1 Desember 2011 : 111-127 ISSN 2089-3973 SOME BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL NOTES ON JOSEPH CONRAD’S HEART OF DARKNESS Yunhenly* FKIP Universitas Jambi ABSTRACT Joseph Conrad’s novel, Heart of Darkness, based on Ratna’s classifications is the work of an author who writes his or her work[s] based on his or her direct experience (2004, p. 56). The analysis here has shown that there are many parallelisms between Marlow’s narration and Conrad’s real experience when Conrad was in the Congo in 1890. Whilst historical perspectives also indicate that some “fictionalized events” in the novel has the real references and historical contexts with the reign of King Leopold II in the Congo Free State in 1885 to 1908. Key words: parallelisms, narration, King Leopold II INTRODUCTION A novel may have contained the true information about its own author and its own setting of time when it was written. They could be set up deliberately or they just happened coincidentally when its author put his or her ideas into words. As one of the novels that is most talked about from past to present time, Heart of Darkness,1 has biographical and historical dimensions to some extent. In spite of its fictional contents, Heart of Darkness novel has implicitly recorded what had been through by its author, Joseph Conrad, and what historical events he had witnessed in the Congo at that time. He went to the Congo in 1890 (now its name is the Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly it was Zaire) for serving as a captain on a steamboat sailing up the Congo River.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of the Henry M. Stanley Archives Revised Edition - 2005
    Inventory of the Henry M. Stanley Archives Revised Edition - 2005 Peter Daerden Maurits Wynants Royal Museum for Central Africa Tervuren Contents Foreword 7 List of abbrevations 10 P A R T O N E : H E N R Y M O R T O N S T A N L E Y 11 JOURNALS AND NOTEBOOKS 11 1. Early travels, 1867-70 11 2. The Search for Livingstone, 1871-2 12 3. The Anglo-American Expedition, 1874-7 13 3.1. Journals and Diaries 13 3.2. Surveying Notebooks 14 3.3. Copy-books 15 4. The Congo Free State, 1878-85 16 4.1. Journals 16 4.2. Letter-books 17 5. The Emin Pasha Relief Expedition, 1886-90 19 5.1. Autograph journals 19 5.2. Letter book 20 5.3. Journals of Stanley’s Officers 21 6. Miscellaneous and Later Journals 22 CORRESPONDENCE 26 1. Relatives 26 1.1. Family 26 1.2. Schoolmates 27 1.3. “Claimants” 28 1 1.4. American acquaintances 29 2. Personal letters 30 2.1. Annie Ward 30 2.2. Virginia Ambella 30 2.3. Katie Roberts 30 2.4. Alice Pike 30 2.5. Dorothy Tennant 30 2.6. Relatives of Dorothy Tennant 49 2.6.1. Gertrude Tennant 49 2.6.2. Charles Coombe Tennant 50 2.6.3. Myers family 50 2.6.4. Other 52 3. Lewis Hulse Noe and William Harlow Cook 52 3.1. Lewis Hulse Noe 52 3.2. William Harlow Cook 52 4. David Livingstone and his family 53 4.1. David Livingstone 53 4.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Diasporas of Art: History, the Tervuren Royal Museum for Central Africa, and the Politics of Memory in Belgium, 1885–2014
    UCLA UCLA Previously Published Works Title Diasporas of art: History, the Tervuren Royal Museum for Central Africa, and the politics of memory in Belgium, 1885–2014 Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s25675m Journal Journal of Modern History, 87(3) ISSN 0022-2801 Author Silverman, DL Publication Date 2015 DOI 10.1086/682912 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Diasporas of Art: History, the Tervuren Royal Museum for Central Africa, and the Politics of Memory in Belgium, 1885–2014 Author(s): Debora L. Silverman Source: The Journal of Modern History, Vol. 87, No. 3 (September 2015), pp. 615-667 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/682912 . Accessed: 01/10/2015 20:48 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Modern History. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 164.67.16.55 on Thu, 1 Oct 2015 20:48:40 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Contemporary Issues in Historical Perspective Diasporas of Art: History, the Tervuren Royal Museum for Central Africa, and the Politics of Memory in Belgium, 1885–2014* Debora L.
    [Show full text]
  • Sur Les Traces Insoupçonnées De La Colonisation  PAR COLETTE BRAECKMAN GRANDS FORMATS (/79432/SECTIONS/GRANDS-FORMATS) , 06:00
    Grand format – Sur les traces insoupçonnées de la colonisation PAR COLETTE BRAECKMAN GRANDS FORMATS (/79432/SECTIONS/GRANDS-FORMATS) , 06:00 La conquête du Congo par la puissance coloniale belge est tout autour de nous. A l’occasion des 60 ans de l’indépendance du Congo, balade sur les traces de cette histoire douloureuse. C ’est une ville, sinon un pays, que nous traversons sans le regarder. Des espaces petits, si souvent arpentés qu’ils sont devenus invisibles, trop familiers pour être soudain dévisagés, sinon écoutés. Et pourtant, ils parlent, ces espaces et ces monuments de nos villes, ceux de Bruxelles surtout. Ils témoignent d’une richesse dont nous avons oublié l’origine, comme ces vieilles maisons de famille mille fois rénovées par les générations qui s’y sont succédé en oubliant l’ancêtre fondateur. Durant des jours, nous avons choisi la lenteur. Mis pied à terre et nez en l’air. Vu briller les arcades du Cinquantenaire comme si c’était la première fois. Retrouvé la statue d’Albert Thys, tellement évidente à l’entrée du parc qu’au fil des années elle était devenue invisible. Découvert combien les arbres de Tervuren étaient grands, majestueux centenaires et gardiens du souvenir. Les traces de l’argent qui coulait naguère du Congo comme d’une veine ouverte, nous en avons soudain découvert partout, dans la capitale et dans le pays. Nous avons aussi constaté, avec surprise, à quel point, parmi les rues, statues, plaques commémoratives qui balisent notre quotidien, il y avait beaucoup d’hommage aux hommes de guerre et d’argent, et peu aux idéalistes, aux résistants congolais, aux / pacifistes, aux « mal pensants » de tous horizons.
    [Show full text]
  • Copper, Borders and Nation-Building
    Copper, Borders and Nation-building Copper, Borders and Nation-building The Kantagese Factor in Zambian Political and Economic History Enid Guene African Studies Centre Leiden African Studies Collection, vol. 67 African Studies Centre Leiden P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands [email protected] www.ascleiden.nl Cover design: Heike Slingerland Cover photos: A coke oven is emptied, Lubumbashi, 1919. Photo E. Gourdine, collection Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA) Tervuren; scene from inside the “Prince Léopold” copper mine in Kipushi. This was the only entire- ly subterranean exploitation of the Congo. Photo UMHK, collection RMCA, Tervuren Copyright photos: Collection Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren: Excava- tions Pierre de Maret: fig. 2.1, fig. 2.3 (1975 ); Excavations Pierre de Maret: fig. 2.2, fig. 2.4 (1974); photo UMHK: fig. 4.1 (1920), fig. 4.2 (1929), fig. 4.3 (1928); photo E. Leplae: fig. 4.4, fig. 4.5, fig. 4.6, fig. 4.9 (1912); photo G.F. de Witte: fig. 4.7 (1931); photo C. Lamote (Inforcongo): fig. 4.8 ( 1950); photo J. Makula (Inforcongo): fig. 5.1 (1960); photo Lambert (Inforcongo): fig. 5.2 (1959) Maps: Nel de Vink (DeVink Mapdesign) Layout: Sjoukje Rienks, Amsterdam Printed by Ipskamp Printing, Enschede ISSN: 1876-018x ISBN: 978-90-5448-158-4 © Enid Guene, 2017 Table of Contents 1 Introduction – Two Copperbelts, Two Histories? 7 1.1 A Joint History 7 1.2 ‘Old’ and ‘New’ Paradigms for the Copperbelt 11 1.2.1 Modernism and its Failure 11 1.2.2 Nation-Statism and Transnationalism 14 1.3 Objectives 17 2 The
    [Show full text]
  • The Belgian Colonial Experience and Legal Journals (1908-1960): an Overview
    C@hiers du CRHIDI 2406-4157 Vol. 37 - 2015, 230 The Belgian Colonial Experience and legal Journals (1908-1960): An Overview Nathalie Tousignant Nathalie Tousignant : Nathalie Tousignant is professor of contemporary history, co-director of CRHIDI and local coordinator of IAP (VII) BeJust 2.0 at Université Saint-Louis –Brussels.In the framework of many recent projects (e.g. IAP (VII) BeJust 2.0, The impact of WWI on international law in Belgium, Belgafrican Magistrates Social Networks), a project was sketched to provide a more globalizing vision to individual researches: Law in Congo State (1885-1908) and in Belgian Congo (1908-1960). On institutions and people. Rhetoric. Norms. Practices. Due to personal background and teaching experience, mostly focused on international relations of the 20th century, she is aware of the necessity to get a global and a comparative perspective to nurture an in-depth analysis of Belgian experience of justice and law in Central Africa. Résumé : En restituant l’analyse des revues juridiques coloniales dans le renouveau belge des études africaines, Nathalie Tousignant propose un aperçu des principaux titres édités à Bruxelles et à Elisabethville (Lubumbashi) qui construisent et disséminent le droit d’application au Congo. Ces revues sont étroitement liées au milieu colonial qui s’organise autour des grandes sociétés coloniales, du Ministère des Colonies, du Conseil colonial et des cours et tribunaux du Congo belge. Une poignée d’hommes, docteurs en droit, porte le projet de codifier le droit colonial, de diffuser les principales décisions et de créer, par la revue, un esprit de corps. Ce réseau montre l’importance du droit dans la gouvernance du Congo, soulignant le bricolage intellectuel auquel sont confrontés les acteurs de terrain.
    [Show full text]
  • Socio-Political Preoccupation in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
    International Journal of Language and Literature December 2020, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 106-117 ISSN: 2334-234X (Print), 2334-2358 (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development DOI: 10.15640/ijll.v8n2a12 URL: https://doi.org/10.15640/ijll.v8n2a12 Socio-political Preoccupation in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and Nkemngong Nkengasong’s God Was African. Dr. Amungwa Veronica Nganshi1 Abstract This paper explores the concept of socio- political preoccupation in Joseph Conrad‘s 1902 novel Heart of Darkness and Nkemngong Nkengasong‘s 2014 novel God Was African to project the Scramble for Africa as the root cause of the social and political wrongs these writers denounce. The objective is to demonstrate that although Conrad is European and Nkengasong is African, both converge on the critique and denunciation of colonialism and its nihilistic effects in general and in the Congo and Cameroon in particular. Using the concepts of biography, history and culture of the literary theory New Historicism, the study demonstrates that Conrad and Nkengasong are both victims of colonialism and thus their Eurocentric and Afrocentric critique is born of their real life experiences. Colonialism is nihilistic as it strips man from his inherent dignity as a free and responsible being. This paper is therefore significant in that it projects these authors‘ vision for truth, restraint, respect for the dignity of others, and that differences in colour, race, culture or sex should be celebrated and not used by others as a tool for manipulation, exploitation and oppression. Literature thus portrays the writer as the voice of conscience.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Third Edition
    HDCongoPODLITH.qxd 9/28/09 2:27 PM Page 1 KISANGANI & AFRICA HISTORY BOBB HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF AFRICA, NO. 112 THIRD EDITION One of Africa’s largest, most populated, and generously endowed countries, the Democratic Republic of the Congo has both dominated the surrounding region and been greatly republic democratic affected by it. The Democratic Republic of the Congo has under- of the dictionary historical gone a long period of war, and the outlook for political renewal and economic recovery is bleak. Human security is likely to of the congo of the congo remain a distant dream for many years because of the prevalence of rape and sexual violence, which is considered the worst in the world. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo reviews the nearly 48 years of independ- ence, more than a century of colonial rule, and earlier kingdoms and groups that shared the territory. It contains a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and more than 800 cross- referenced entries on civil wars, mutinies, notable people, historical dictionary of the places, events, and cultural practices. democratic republic Emizet François Kisangani is professor in the Department of Political Science at Kansas State University in Manhattan. of the congo F. Scott Bobb is a journalist who has been reporting on and writing about the Democratic Republic of the Congo since the mid-1970s. He is serving as a Voice of America correspondent in Southern Africa. THIRD EDITION For orders and information please contact the publisher SCARECROW PRESS, INC. A wholly owned subsidiary of EMIZET FRANCOIS¸ KISANGANI The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan HENRY SHELTON SANFORD
    This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 67 -16, 311 MEYER, Jr., Lysle Edward, 1932- HENRY SHELTON SANFORD AND THE CONGO. The Ohio State University, Ph. D., 1967 History, modern University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan HENRY SHELTON SANFORD AND THE CONGO DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Lysle Edward Meyer, Jr., B.A., M.A. The Ohio State University 1967 Approved by Adviser Department of History ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to record my appreciation to the Graduate School of The Ohio State University for its support of this project, especially its willingness to purchase films of the Sanford Papers. Dean Richard Armitage and Associate Dean Edward Moulton of the Graduate School were particularly helpful. To Professor Harold Grimm, Chairman of the History Department, go my thanks for opening doors which had sometimes remained closed to others. Harriet Chappel Owsley, Senior Archivist at the Tennessee State Library and Archives in Nashville and also one of the few people who has given attention to Sanford's many faceted career, was very cooperative with important details in the early phases of research. Some time ago I found myself among that vast number of researchers who can but marvel at the patience and unlimited desire to assist demonstrated by so many librarians. The staff of the Inter-library Loan Divi­ sion of The Ohio State University Library will always stand high in my regard. Research in Washington, D. C., is made infinitely less time-consuming by the very able and experienced professionals serving in the repositor­ ies there.
    [Show full text]
  • 新刊紹介 Mark Vallely
    コンラッド研究 第 6 号 新刊紹介 Mark Vallely J. H. Stape, ed., Conrad’s Congo: Joseph Conrad’s Expedition to the Congo Free State, 1890 The Folio Society Ltd, 2013. 217pp. The Folio Society, according to its website, produces ‘carefully crafted editions of the world’s finest literature’: ‘The books we select for publication are timeless – we know they will be enjoyed and appreciated now and in the future. Because each book is considered as an individual object of value in its own right, there is a variety to our aesthetic – the only uniformity is in the quality of every single book.’ And indeed from a catalogue I browsed, I can see the attention to detail in producing books, from the illustration on the outer cover, the binding, head- and tailbands, to the slipcase and printing. The finished object draws attention to itself self-consciously as a book. Bright, striking colours too – contrasting and complimenting – are employed to maximum effect in line drawings boldly catching the eye. Again from the website: ‘The Folio Society has celebrated the particular joy to be derived from owning, holding and reading a beautiful printed edition.’ The book as a book conveys more than the information within its pages. More than the joy to be had from appreciating the author’s style, wit, irony or even narrative technique, the owning, reading and handling of the book – a Folio Society book – should be considered a joy, too. It is difficult to imagine this sensation transferring easily to an electronic tablet device. Though, some devices mimic typeface and visual texture well, there is still the worldly feeling of holding a thin, plastic machine.
    [Show full text]