Journal of East Asian Libraries

Volume 2004 Number 132 Article 3

2-1-2004

Famous Japanese Individuals to Visit Chicago in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries: From Unknown Students to Distinguished Prime Ministers

Eizaburo Okuizumi

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BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Okuizumi, Eizaburo (2004) "Famous Japanese Individuals to Visit Chicago in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries: From Unknown Students to Distinguished Prime Ministers," Journal of East Asian Libraries: Vol. 2004 : No. 132 , Article 3. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jeal/vol2004/iss132/3

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of East Asian Libraries by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. FAMOUS JAPANESE individuals VISIT CHICAGO LATE 19th EARLY 20th CENTURIES UNKNOWN STUDENTS distinguished PRIME MINISTERS eizaburo okuizumiOkuizumi university chicago

th I1 am honored speak lecture meeting convened 150 anniversary opening my country brave americans headed commodore matthew galbraith perry 1853 1 I1 inquire theme opening nation state specifically development US relations I1 appreciate both achievements americans japan japanese considerable I1 am proud kind ambitious dramatic exciting history time limitations tonight I1 shall limit my talk gifted japanese men women came chicago late nineteenth early twentieth centuries these sojournerssojoumers taisho japan came chicago tremendous characters benefited greatly city well united states america

1 people became prime ministers returning chicago ito hirosumihirobumi kuroda kiyotakaKivotaka takahashi korekiyoKorekivo first I1 like introduce ito hirosumihirobumi 184119091841 1909 came choshu domain now yamaguchi prefecture preeminent statesman modem japan prime minister ito served total four consecutivenonconsecutivenon terms appointed first cabinet japanese history guided japan formative years become modem nation state ito originally came modest family studied diligently early age attended shoka Sonjusonjukuku yoshida shoinschoins school 2

soon selected choshu domain go study england very busy man particularly early 1870s during early thirties central figure meijigovernmentmeiji government traveled multiple times various countries studied western law governance early 1870 ito sent united states study western currency systems worked washington DC returned home 1871 named director tax division minister public works october 1871 named member upcoming iwakura mission europe united states iwakura mission stayed washington DC four months way chicago 3 during period ito okubo toshimichiToshiyoshimichimichi vice minister finance member mission returned japan haste retrieve forgotten items information then rejoined mission precisely ito okubo left washington DC return february 12 1872 order obtain additional official documents diet arrived japan

article revised version presentation delivered chicago historical society september 5 2003 US japan intercourse 150 celebration 150th anniversary opening japan commodore matthew perry 1853 month later march 24 discussing diplomatic matters japanese officials departed yokohama may 17 arrived washington DC june 17 during time air travel did yet exist much missions time spent traveling place next during travels ito eventually visited chicago least four times 1885 ito became nations first prime minister founded cabinet system already mentioned great leadership japan developed country constitutionally based parliamentary government hi 1906 named chosen Sotokusotokufufu chokan resident general governor position held until resigned july 1909 october 26 year 4 ito assassinated harbin manchuria korean nationalist chung gun

next visitor 184019001840 1900 man great talent bomborn prefecture january 23 1870 came united states seven students including boy nineteen named yamakawa kenjiro yamakawa later graduated university michigan ann arbor later became president imperial university tokyo interesting note seventy two japanese students studied university michigan during sakumatsubakumatsuBakumatsu meiji periods 5

th kurodasKukuropasrodas first trip united states successful getting american expert general 6 consultant assist development hokkaidoHokkaido prefecture addition kuroda asked meiji government make possible promising girls study

J united states expense commission colonization H 4 kaitakukaisaku shi time you imagine suggestion thought extremely crazy useless kurodasKukuropasrodas unusual vision confidently eventually selected following five girls join approximately 55 boys part iwakura mission tsuda ume just eight years old time later founded womens english institute known tsuda college greatly contributed education girls japan interesting side note sister married abiko kyutaro publisher japanese american rT BF J nichi bei well known japanese newspaper san francisco since 1899 nagai shige nine ten years old time eventually became teacher tokyo music college greatly contributed progress western music japan married uryu sotokichi high ranking army officer russo japanese war yamakawa sutematsu twelve years old time sister previously mentioned yamakawa kenjiro later married prince oyama commander chiefofthechief imperial army russo japanese war ueda sada yoshimasu ryo both 15 years old time mission

2 part mission niijima jo early first name shimeta eventually founded doshishaDoshisha university kyoto anjimannjimaniijima stowed away hakodateHakodate port disguised carpenter 1864 arrived united states july following year niijima highly instrumental mission translator interpreter returning again kuroda traveled united states europe june 1886 returned japan april following year during visit kuroda came chicago march 25 1887 via niagara falls while chicago visited palmer hotel city hall mercantile exchange stockyard met agent morimura cumigumi merchant new york city 1888 wrote book tour comprises three volumes number illustrations 7 kuroda eventually became prime minister japan 188818891888 1889 formed second cabinet japanese history ito

third visitor became prime minister 185419361854 1936 another japanese legend bomborn tokyo son artist served takahashi adopted sendal domain now miyagi prefecture began leamlearn english age I111I1 while servant yokohama 1867 domain sent him united states study however forced slave labor year west coast unable further education

return next year united states takahashi served student houseboy shosei afeaeearmiarmeVRME mori arinoriArakinoriinori low ranking bureaucrat various government ministries mori eventually became first japanese ambassador washington DC first minister education mori educated england second marriage iwakurasIwakuras fifth daughter Decerndecember 17 until december 19 1885 takahashi visited chicago chicago stayed grand pacific hotel visited mercantile exchange stockyard 8 later 1887 takahashi became first chief patent office takahashi rose quickly banking industry economic financial theories respected worldwide equal those british economist john maynard keynes according scholars takahashi developed unique original economic theory before keynes publicized doctrine while keynes considered master economic theory takahashi said master financial economic policymakingpolicy making

19219211 takahashi became prime minister japan assassinated severest army critics february 26 accident 1936 governments fiscal policy grew even attuned militarysmilitarys plans national defense state 1212 asada eiji friends Chicachicagolandgoland asada eiji 186519141865 1914 bomborn may 1865 small town hanaokaofhanaoka yamaguchi prefecture southern part japan eldest son samurai family age six sent public school tokuyama four miles birthplace graduated july 1879 june 1883 graduated kyoto high school following spring entered first higher middle college tokyo completed science courses june 1887 having spent year department mathematics tokyo imperial university asada went united states order study theology linguistics september 1888 entered theological seminary northwestern university evanston graduated may 1891 degree DB while seminary became interested semitic studies old testament studies 1891921891 92 pursued same studies new york city union theological seminary columbia university october 1892 entered graduate school university chicago undertook further studies semitics old testament june 1893 asada received first phd degree ever awarded university chicago title dissertation hebrew text ofzechariahZechariah 181 8 compared different ancient 9 4n versions even today june 26 date degree bae awarded asada marked official university chicago calendar asada eiji day 10

upon returning japan having taught theological classes tokyo asada worked build foundations todays tokyo university foreign studies while serving member faculty member ministry education furthering steps toward development teaching english japan july 15 1899 appointed head teacher vice president instructed students great zeal ability helped them even private affairs loving care father never known stay away school except official duty required services elsewhere woke 530 every morning studied diligently each evening 700 pm 1000 pm addition professorship asada three official translators appointed meiji government together kanda naibinaibu inoue jukichi 11 chief editor first english government textbook japanese history monbushoMonbusho english readers elementary schools published 190819111908 1911 3 volumes 1914 asada became sick while studying library died following day home age forty nine

asada resident chicago late nineteenth century limited number japanese students among friends chicago takasugi takizo ichihara morihiro harada tasuku takasugi takizo 187019431870 1943 lived obscurity long time even japan bom almoriaomori prefecture studied too gijuku attended northwestern university completed coursecourseworkwork 1892 took professorship midwest region return japan 1902 became english teacher tokyo benmonsenmon aakkogakko now basedawaseda university

4 promoted professor 1907 takasugi ariartani unforgettable mentor japanese baseball players baseball fans 1907 became second sakyuyakyu bucho head basedawasedaofwaseda university baseball team succeeding founder abe isoo 12 takasugi served team 30 years takasugi abe administrators basedawaseda university agreed exchange players reciprocally between basedawaseda university chicago every five years starting 1910 agreement continued successfully until 1930 picture below basedawaseda nine chicago 1927 13

ichihara morihiro 185819151858 1915 bom kumamoto prefecture raised christian graduating doshishaDoshisha university kyoto 1889 attended yale university received phd 1892 dissertation titled silk trade japanjapansjapan414 visited evanston chicago several times order meet asada ichihara english teacher school administrator early days return united states 1893 served professor doshishaDoshisha university during 1903 1906 ichihara mayor city yokohama however 1895 entered business world eventually became first governor bank korea amamma0 5 itoijofr td jarmoanAAAHjwrrn L &c established october 1909 died korea 1915 bank held funeral service seoul youth christian hall great contribution currency financial system colonial korea while harada tasuku 186319401863 1940 attended chicago theological seminary 1888 associated asada harada bomborn kumamoto prefecture excellent scholar particularly history doshishaDoshisha university university hawaii lived studied united states europe until november 1896 january 1907 became seventh president doshishaDoshisha university continued position 13 years 1920 harada invited university hawaii establish department oriental studies served department head until 1932 first full time japanese professor harada made tremendous effort develop US japan relationship storm anti japanese movement 1914 wrote book entitled faith ofjapanjapan 155

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313 takamine jokichi suzuki daitetsudaisetsuDaisetsu teitaroheitaro others takamine jokichi 185419221854 1922 bom takaoka etchu province now toyama prefecture initially studied applied chemistry became unofficial ambassador promoter US japan cultural exchange throughout life graduating kobu daigakkoDaigakko now university tokyo takamine went england studied three years until 1883 returning japan worked agriculture commerce ministry takamine made business trip new orleans attend world industrial exposition 18 84 met caroline hitch whom ot10b3a married 1887

WW 8tjnb4a 3m51i 1890 went aa3a alials rrnaicearrarna nA peoria illinois where invented several valuable medications including taka diastase patented 1894 US received degree doctor science 1899 doctor pharmacy 1906 1913 became first president saikyosankyo seiyakuseigaku pharmacy company takamine very successful owned two residences new york including shofu denbdenvdent&filsRM beautiful japanese style mansion styled phoenix hall kyoto during long stay united states contributed much development cultural exchanges japan 16 takamine strongest patrons supporters donated 3000 cherry trees planted around tidal basin potomac river washington DC during president william howard taftstaffs term original idea plant cherry trees came taft ozaki yukio then mayor tokyo takamine established nippon club japan club new york served vice president 1905 established japanese association new york 1907 newly reorganized 1914 devoted himself publication english jjournalournalburnal promote japanese american operationcooperation entitled oriental economic review title 17 later changed oriental review suzuki daitetsudaisetsuDaisetsu teitaroheitaro 187019661870 1966 bomborn kanazawa ishikawa prefecture introduced japanese oriental thought philosophy western world english suzuki entered university tokyo concurrently undertook zen training temple engakujiEngakuji RM jtISF kamakura under abbot shaku soen rbt Thrs101 1897 age twenty seven went rst 181 Q shaku soens introduction lasalle illinois assist paul camscarus open court publishing company translation oriental philosophical religious works english suzuki stayed eleven years editing caruss magazines open court monist translating various works upon return japan 1909 appointed lecturer later professor english peers school now Gakusgakushuinhuin university 1911 married beatrice lane close collaborator until death 1939

pacific war suzuki began spend much time lecturing zen outside japan visiting professor columbia university several years contributing firsthand growth western interest zen buddhism zukissuzukisSu collected works japanese number forty volumes 19 english works number thirty among publications essays zen buddhism 1927 zen buddhism influence japanese culture 1938193 8

perception interpretation history always changing constantly being writtenrewrittenre analyzedreanalyzedre anniversary however proves strong ties between united states japan without question american society fostered many japanese leaders I1 believe continue many years come I1 hope you found talk interesting thank you nice evening 20 references

i1 further information see 1 wchicagousembjapangoii2cgseothtmihttpwwwchicagousembiapangojpcgsepthtmlhttphww rF F 4 httpwwwchicagousembjapangojpcgocthtmlhttpwwwchicagousembjqpangoipcgocthtml 2 rhiphiH 3zij 1 6 1 5 0OJIJM 4 j jilaljrljj FHI epp lrefRethinkingrethinkingfrethinkingfreethinking US japan intercourse 150 yearsiyearsinyears it7amzita J gaiko forum 2003eff2003 Eff rw august issue 2003 current serial articles 3 0fi z-scojiitcfelllttheiellelbpil 15OW RM V official site 1501 anniversary US japan relations httpwwwushttpwwwusiapanl50orgjqpanl50org httpwwwusjhttpwwwusjqpan150orgengaraniadani 5qorgeng 2yilV FV yoshidayoshidashoinsholn 181833001851859185 9 bom hagi yamaguchi prefecture tilestablishedttl small school house gathered group young samurai ito hirosumihirobumi later played key roles meiji politics sholn arrested executed during ANSEI purge 1859 athe3the3 iwakura mission donated 5000 check city chicago during stay relief fund chicago big fire victims see following chicago tribune articles iwakura company our oriental visitors our oriental guests feb26feb2627Feb 262727 28 1872 respectively matr Q Rw4zazireirideedeEi N HMP fribugpug ft iz jg f weawem PAwaw&till 11 18 8 fijF11 fff RB dexSEXrrth 21118782 7 dijW f m1 wwM rrtp9 2002 mktt t 1871 1873 translated english iwakura embassy 18711873 true account ambassador extraordinary plenipotentiary sjosyojourneysjourneysojourneyurney observation through united states america europe ISBN 4901617001seto4901617001 setoset

454 slim chung gun 187919101879 1910 well known korean nationalist baptized age 15 engaged western studies shanghai chung gun shot ito 1909 executed following year 5 BITFM qqk y F m pudPUPwofe72aj murdMPAJm 9vav98 ffi222 2 1990 2 appp 162169162 169 tanaka yasuko japanese students university michigan during late edo early meiji periods chishikiChishiki no98 febfeb19901990 appppp162162169162169.162 169 thorace6horace6 horace capron 180418851804 1885 general capron once marketed cattle flourishing stockyardsstockyards chicago kansas city advisor commission colonization capron suggested establishment college hokkaidoHokkaido eventually became Sapsapporoporo agricultural college before william darkoarkclark 182618861826 1886 went japan president college capron returned home country while darkoarkclark well known Capcapronscapronerons great contributions father development hokkaidoHokkaido must recognized

7 albgibak3k rt faf1 tEj Kanyun yu nikki eblebb NA 11 2020 18188787 2 aiBaibtej kakanyunikki mirwismis8 0 rl 9 tytTJTAZ 287 cubQMVr1ffr 3 volume afeaaazaacfe 0 set includingmromincludingfurokuttat0286many illustrations colophon tchicagosChicagos information illustrations see pp286 287 2nd volume holdings university chicago library

8 isffaajl takahashi korekiyo 0 hachiju nen shi harmbarmalnwyc2LC aelaeiatloffatllffATllffjanjha RBD 1934 fgvegv chicago X tamttm 0 t wffibwlckwkW related information see p63 ttltrl

9 U oitisoitks jg ntrexjl 7

8 ogiogkili faltotftltot 2001 145a145x xo J httbrjgjw hebrew text zechriahzachriahZechriah 181 8 compared different ancient versions thefirstfirst phd dissertation submitted university chicago 1893 edited written eizaburo okuizumiOkuizumi published bunseibansei sholnshornshorm 20012001.

10 first president university chicago william R harper wrote 1894 never forgotten you first doctor university cited private letter asada dated february 13 1894

11 kanda naibinaibu 181857192318575 749219233 tokyo 0f iwakura mimissionssionassion students inoue jukichi 186219291862 1929 tokushima prefecture studied england

SVONA abe isoo 186519491865 1949 bomborn fukuoka prefecture graduated doshishaDoshisha university where under influence niijimaofniijima jo became christian studied united states between 1891 1895 returning japan became professor basedawasedaofwaseda university energetic promoter baseball student sport became called father baseball japan man wide interests politics social labor matters education journalism

13 university chicago maroonsmarcons baseball team visits japan tokyo japan 1930 silent B & W shown kickoffkick off opening anniversary auditorium chicago historical society sept 5 2003 special collection research center university chicago library provided archival photos basedawaseda team event exhibition

14 200 page dissertation covers silk industry japanese foreign trade beginning future prospects

15 historical title came 1914 part series hartford lamson lectures religions world chapters delivered hartford theological seminary autumn 1910

16 though account takaminesTakamines visit united states classified QD LCSH scheme takamine represented himself unofficial diplomat chicago new york areas see jokichi takamine record american achievements kiyoshi karl kawakami 1875- 1949 foreword john HFhfinleyHheinleyinleyfinley new york rudge 1928 73 pages formal portrait

17 november 191019 10 new york takamine involved supporting starting publication oriental economic review fortnightlyafortnightly summary ofeasteast asian affairs concerned affairs japan far east general disseminated united states elsewhere journal changed title oriental review february 1911 ceased publication 1913 eventually journal fostered two distinguished journalists scholar zumoto motosadamotosakaMotosada director later president japan times honda masajiro associate director later professor baba tsunekotsunego associate director later president yomiuri shinbunshinjun

9 18 paul camscarus 185219191852 1919 wrote prolifically assistance suzukiofsuzuki daitetsudaisetsuDaisetsu among works book entitled gospel ofbuddhabuddha translated japanese suzuki published 1895 japanese title POglioafarlodvwioarog AI butsuda fukuinfukuin 19 enlarged new zenshu published between 1999 2003 number important documents letters related suzuki discovered chicago area included new zenshu expected many researchers receive irreplaceable benefit new edition

20 although writer responsible contents article like express appreciation mitsuo sakaba general consul japan chicago requested presentation looking back 150 years ofusUS japan relations finally writer wishes add did cover major events during meiji era these fully covered professor alice murata lecture entitled commodore perry iwakura mission columbian exhibition world parliament religion early japanese settlement chicago

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