Cambria County's Transportation System The
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CAMBRIA COUNTY’S TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Chapter 4 THE MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: ITS USE AND PERFORMANCE The transportation system includes all of the facilities and services that enable people to travel, ship goods, and provide services. This chapter inventories all modes found in Cambria County: • highways, bridges and traffic signals and signs – see page for highways, page for bridges, and page 48 for signals and signs • public transportation services – see page • air travel facilities and services – see page • rail infrastructure and services for freight and passengers – see page • facilities for bicyclists and pedestrians – see page. More importantly, the chapter discusses the use, condition, and performance of these facilities and services as PennDOT and the County increasingly manage maintenance and improvement funds based on these metrics. HIGHWAY NETWORK: CLASSIFICATION AND VOLUMES Summary Statistics Of the 1,700 linear miles of roadway in Cambria County, roughly 60 percent of roads in this area are locally owned by municipalities, but state-owned roads carry 88 percent of all traffic. See Table 4-1. Table 4-1: 2018 Mileage by Jurisdiction GEOGRAPHY PENNDOT OTHER TURNPIKE TOLL LOCAL TOTAL AGENCIES BRIDGE MUNICIPAL MILES Cambria County 672.65 66.87 - - 1,030.81 1,770.33 DVMT 2,208,208 177,527 - - 388,592 2,724,327 Pennsylvania 39,737 2,145 554 15 78,145 120,596 DVMT 202,049,670 4,151,851 17,938,660 893,840 44,733,040 279,767,061 Source: PennDOT Highway Statistics Report: 2018 Highway Classifications and their Value for Planning The Federal-Aid System The Federal-Aid Highway System includes the Interstate Highway System as well as primary highways and principal secondary and feeder routes—including farm-to-market roads, rural mail and public school bus routes, local rural roads, county and township roads, roads of the county, road class, and their urban extensions. These highways are selected by PennDOT and local officials and subject to approval by the Federal Highway Administration and are eligible for financial assistance for their construction, maintenance, and operations through the Federal-Aid Highway Program. The Federal-Aid System in the County includes all National Highway System (NHS) highways plus portions of several state and local highways totaling more than 447 state-owned miles and 25.9 locally-owned miles. See Table 4-2. Cambria County Planning Commission | 2021 -2045 Long Range Transportation Plan 1 CAMBRIA COUNTY’S TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Chapter 4 Table 4-2: Federal Aid System, 2018 COUNTY FEDERAL AID LINEAR MILES STATE-OWNED LOCAL-OWNED TOTAL Cambria County 447 26 473 Pennsylvania 24,659 3,540 28,200 Turnpike (statewide) 554 Toll Bridges (statewide) 14 Pennsylvania Grand Total 28,767 Source: PennDOT Highway Statistics Report: 2018 The National Highway System Figure 4-1: National Highway System and Federal Aid System The National Highway System is a network of strategic highways approved by Congress in the National Highway System Federal Aid National Highway Designation Act of 1995. The Source: PennDOT National Highway System includes the Interstate System, the Strategic Highway Network, and highways serving major airports, ports, rail or truck terminals, railway stations, pipeline terminals, and other strategic transport facilities. The National Highway System receives dedicated funding that cannot be used on non-NHS highways. Elements of the National Highway System within the County include US 22, US 219, US 422, and PA 56, and portions of PA 271 totaling 126 miles. See Figure 4-1 and Table 4- 3. Over the past five years, there has been no significant change in total mileage of the NHS in the region. Truck traffic traversing through the County primarily utilizes National Highway System highways, as shown by the truck traffic percentages for major highways beginning on page 30. Cambria County Planning Commission | 2021 -2045 Long Range Transportation Plan 2 CAMBRIA COUNTY’S TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Chapter 4 Table 4-3: Mileage and DVMT Travel Demand of the National Highway System, 2018 LINEAR MILES TOTAL STATE TURNPIKE TOLL LOCAL LINEAR DVMT BRIDGE MILES Cambria County 112 - - 1 113 1,2 51 ,407 Pennsylvania 6, 375 555 13 221 7, 164 156 ,338 ,784 Source: PennDOT Highway Statistics Report: 2018 Functional Classification Roadways perform two functions: providing traffic mobility (i.e., through travel) and providing land access (i.e., to property). They can be grouped or ranked in terms of the proportion of mobility vs. access they provide—a concept known as highway functional classification. The Federal Highway Administration, PennDOT and Cambria County use functional classification in determining eligibility for funding under the Federal-aid program. The Federal Highway Administration prescribes three functional classifications with various sub- classifications and determines the classification of each state- and locally-owned highway by segment. Arterials are highways that connect, as directly as practicable, the nation’s principal urbanized areas, cities, and industrial centers; serve the national defense; and connect at suitable border points with routes of continental importance. All arterials are eligible for Federal-Aid funding. Arterials are sub-classified into four groups: • Interstates are the highest classification of arterial roads characterized by divided, directional lanes offering the highest level of mobility, at the highest speed, for long uninterrupted distances. There are no interstates in Cambria County. • Other Freeways and Expressways often but not always have divided directional travel lanes and access limited to grade-separated interchanges or a very few at-grade intersections. Portions of US 22 and US 219 and PA 56, the Johnstown Expressway, are classified as other freeways/expressways. • Other Principal Arterials provide high mobility in urban areas and between rural centers. They may be limited access or provide direct access to abutting lands. Remaining portions of the US routes and many PA 2- and 3-digit routes in Cambria County are principal arterials. • Minor arterials typically interconnect other arterials and collectors for long-distance trips. In Cambria County, these include about a dozen 2-, 3- and 4-digit state routes. As federal and state transportation Collectors provide land access service and traffic circulation within agencies continue to move toward a residential neighborhoods, commercial and industrial areas, and performance-based management downtown city centers. Collectors connect local roads and streets approach, they may also measure, with arterials and provide less mobility than arterials, at lower speeds develop benchmarks, and set and for shorter distances. They may be sub-classified as major performance targets by functional classification. collectors in higher density developed areas and minor collectors in lower density developed areas. Major collectors are eligible for Source: Highway Functional Classification Federal-Aid funding; minor collectors are not. Concepts, Criteria and Procedures for Statewide Transportation Planning. Cambria County Planning Commission | 2021 -2045 Long Range Transportation Plan 3 CAMBRIA COUNTY’S TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Chapter 4 Locals are roads and streets that provide the highest level of access to abutting land but limited mobility for distance. In functional classification, “local” indicates the facility’s function, not its ownership. All highways not classified as arterials or collectors are deemed locals. Locals are not eligible for Federal-Aid funding. PennDOT posts highway network maps of functional classification by county on the Bureau of Planning and Research webpage. Highway mileage by classification is shown in Table4 -4. Table 4-4: Mileage by Functional Classification of Highways COUNTY FEDERAL AID LINEAR MILES NON FEDERAL AID TOTAL INTER- OTHER OTHER MINOR MAJOR LINEAR MILES LINEAR STATE FRWY/ PRINC ARTER COLL MINOR LOCAL MILES EXPWY ARTER COLL Cambria County - 40 72 107 253 130 1,168 1,770 Percent 2.2% 4.1% 6.0% 14.3% 7.3% 66.1% 100.0% Pennsylvania 1,869 918 4,376 8,533 13,072 6,957 84,871 120,596 Source: PennDOT HIGHWAY TRAVEL BY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION Traffic volumes are nearly evenly distributed across the four highest classifications found in the County. Freeways/expressways carry the largest percentage (23.7 percent) of daily vehicle-miles traveled (DVMT) followed closely by other principal arterials at 21.9 percent. Major collectors rank a close third, carrying 19.1 percent of total traffic. See Table 4 -5. Table 4-5: Travel by Functional Classification of Highways NON FEDERAL AID FEDERAL AID DVMT DVMT TOTAL OTHER OTHER INTER- MINOR MAJOR MINOR DVMT FRWY/ PRINCIPAL LOCAL STATE ARTERIAL COLL COLL EXPWY ARTER Cambria County - 646,503 598,897 392,294 522,332 94,779 469,522 2,724,327 Percent 23. 7% 21 .9% 14 .4% 19. 1% 3.8% 17. 1% 100.0% Pennsylvania 74,184,044 26,747,396 55,839,609 50,009,026 32,039,380 4,929,839 36,017,767 279,767,061 Source: PennDOT Cambria County Planning Commission | 2021 -2045 Long Range Transportation Plan 4 CAMBRIA COUNTY’S TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Chapter 4 A SNAPSHOT OF MAJOR HIGHWAYS US 22 US 22 is the major east-west highway, connecting the County west to Pittsburgh and east to the Interstate 99/US 220 corridor in Altoona. The route is a four-lane, limited access highway from Ebensburg to I-99/US 220 and a four-lane highway but not limited access facility from Ebensburg west to the Indiana County line. Figure 4-2 Snapshot of the US 22 Corridor Table 4-6: US 422 Traffic