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Volume 8, Issue 3 Day of Wrath Visions, Villas and Vesuvius

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In education Program About Day of Wrath Lesson: The influence of ancient Greece on A Sunday Style & Arts review of the National Gallery of Art the Roman Empire and Western civilization exhibit, “Pompeii and the Roman Villa: Art and Culture Around can be seen in its impact on the arts that the Bay of Naples,” and a Travel article, featuring the villas remain in contemporary society. near Vesuvius, are the stimulus for this month’s Post NIE online Level: Low to high guide. This is the first exhibition of Roman antiquities at the Subjects: Social Studies, Art National Gallery. Related Activity: Mathematics, English “The lost-found story of Pompeii, which seemed to have a moral — of confidence destroyed and decadence chastised — appeared ideally devised for the ripe Victorian mind.” But its influence did not stop in 19th-century England. Pompeian influences exist in the Library of Congress, the Senate Appropriations Committee room and around D.C. We provide resources to take a Road Trip (or Metro ride) to some of these places. Although the presence of Vesuvius that destroyed and preserved a way of life is not forgotten, the visitor to the exhibit is taken by the garden of rosemary and laurel, the marble and detailed craftsmanship, the frescos and mosaics. Interdisciplinary possibilities abound — science and archeology, history and mythology, art and architecture, literature and movies. The Greek-inspired art found in the Roman villas could provide activities in sculpture, fresco and relief. Instead we focus on mosaic art that younger and older students can easily produce. Mosaics are found throughout Italy — in Aquileia, Morano, Ravenna and Venice. We focus on those discovered mostly on the floors of Pompeian homes. NIE Online Guide A reminder to Post INSIDE program teachers: If you plan Editor — Carol Lange to use articles in this guide in the e-Replica format more Art Editor — Carol Porter than three months after their publication date, remember to bookmark them to use this school year. “Opulence and Contributing to this guide: Gene Sterud, e- Destruction in Pompeii” in this guide focuses on the former archaeologist and mosaic artist Replica content, illustrations and layout of “Day of Wrath.” and teacher, provided expert advice and a copy of “Mosaics of the Washington, D.C., Area” and “Choose Your Own Metro Mosaic Adventure.”

Send comments about this guide to: Margaret Kaplow, Educational Services COVER PHOTO: Joseph Wright’s “Vesuvius From Portici,” circa 177-177, Manager, [email protected] one of the many painted spectacles recreating the erupton after Pompeii and Herculaneum had been excavated a few decades earlier.

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program

Day of Wrath: Visions, Villas and Vesuvius On the Web

A study of Roman civilization includes the influence of Greek www.nga.gov/exhibitions/pompeiiinfo.shtm civilization, their shared artistic tastes and cultural ideals. A look Pompeii and the Roman Villa at the sumptuous villas preserved in Pompeii with their gardens and National Gallery of Art exhibit overview; elegant interior courtyards, colonnaded walkways situated to take video, slideshows and Children’s Discovery advantage of the sea breeze, and decorated interiors gives insight into Guide (pdf) which is an excellent resource for the values of the leaders and life of those who served them. Tours, real a study of life, art and architecture, history, and virtual, allow us to see the art, consider the culture and realize and Greek influence its impact. www.fieldmuseum.org/pompeii/ Revisit Vesuvius and Volcanoes Pliny the Younger relates the Pompeii: Stories from an Eruption The rich soil of the Bay of Naples eruption, sharing his viewing of Web exhibit from 2005-06 museum exhibit region and its agricultural products Vesuvius from the northern tip of includes interactive timeline, volcanism, are evidence of its volcanic past. the Bay of Naples and reports from Pompeii and Herculaneum. Vesuvius dominates the landscape. survivors at Herculaneum. Its conical structure was formed by Two of the earliest movies http://sights.seindal.dk/sight/1073_ material forced through vents in featuring volcanoes were The National_Archaeological_Museum.html the surface of the Earth. Erupting Last Days of Pompeii (1913), an National Archaeological Museum gases asphyxiated people as Italian silent film, and The Wrath Images of important finds of Pompeii and magma and debris covered most of the Gods (1914), another black- Herculaneum housed in the National Museum of the area, leaving evidence of and-white silent film, but about of Archaeology in Naples. Photo archive past inhabitation and eruptions, the destruction of Sakura-Jima, includes mosaics. including those before 79 AD. Japan. The following sites are This guide does not focus on good starting points for class study www.stabiae.com/fountation_site/usa/ volcanoes and the science involved. or enrichment assignments for index.html Nor do we present activities for students: Restoring Ancient Stabiae Foundation including the movies and literature Informative site on the Italian-U.S. cultural associated with Vesuvius and other http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/ project. The “Site and Villas” section has volcanoes. We encourage teachers LivingWith/PopCulture/movies. interactive map. in inter-disciplinary studies to html cover the creation of volcanoes Volcanoes in Historical and Popular www.lifeinitaly.com/art/stabiae.asp and their impact on ancient and Culture “In the Movies” Restoring Ancient Stabiae contemporary societies. The USGS Living With Volcanoes site Photographs, perspective on modern attempt U.S. Geological Service has a to unearth ancient Stabiae and information comprehensive archive of USGS www.victorianweb.org/authors/ about the Adopt-A-Fresco Campaign articles (www.usgs.gov/science/ bulwer/index.htm science.php?term=1209&type=feat Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/stabiae. ure) that is very helpful. Resources to use with Bulwer- html Look for the work of The Lytton’s novel The Last Days Ancient Rome’s Forgotten Paradise Washington Post’s science of Pompeii Smithsonian magazine article on this seaside reporters who cover volcanic villa’s archaeology project activity that impacts contemporary http://edsitement.neh.gov/view_ life. lesson_plan.asp?id=271 www.harcourtschool.com/activity/pompeii/ In Old Pompeii pmpMain.html Include Movies and Literature Lesson Plan from EdSiteMent: Unraveling Ancient Mysteries Letters provide a personal after a virtual field trip, students HMH textbook publisher provides basic eyewitness account of daily events write a travelogue modeled on Mark history and science of Herculaneum, Misenum that later can be great resources for Twain’s description of Pompeii and Stabiae, Vesuvius and Pompeii. historians and scientists. In his letters to the historian Tacitus, continued on page

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program continued from page mosaics at the Baltimore Museum On the Web | continued of Art, from the second century AD Review AD 79 to the sixth century AD, illustrate ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2007/09/ Read “Day of Wrath,” a Post Style the influence of the classical art vesuvius/vesuvius-text.html & Arts article published on Sunday, of Greece and Rome on the early Vesuvius Countdown October 19, 2008. The review of Christian era. Recent discovery gives evidence to an the National Gallery of Art exhibit, Web sites (See “Mosaics”) and eruption before 79 AD “Pompeii and the Roman Villa” is books (See “Read About It” in included in this guide. mosaic tour booklet) listed in this http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/ Teachers who use the e-Replica guide provide information on the pompeii/pompeii.html edition of The Post may wish to history of mosaics, techniques, Pompeii: The Last Day use “Opulence and Destruction and examples of historic and Discovery Channel supplement to their in Pompeii,” questions to guide contemporary mosaic art. program and DVD, includes a virtual reading the article and viewing the volcano, Pompeii quiz and an eyewitness layout. In addition to the questions Take a Metro Ride account from 79 A.D. posed, discussion could focus Give students a map and “D.C. on popularizing Pompeii in the and Mosaics,” an annotated www.pbs.org/wnet/secrets/zhomepage/ 17th, 18th and 19th centuries and booklet of places where mosaics herculaneum-uncovered influences of these archaeological can be found in the D.C.-Baltimore Secrets of the Dead discoveries on art and architecture Metropolitan area. Have students PBS online archive of series on of later periods. find each of the locations on the Herculaneum map. What would be a good route Produce Timelines to take to view some or all of the http://wings.buffalo.edu/AandL/ Students could work in teams, mosaics? Have Metro maps, bus Maecenas/italy_except_rome_and_sicily/ pairs or alone to create timelines. routes and street maps to assist in pompeii/section_contents.html They could be asked to read only this part of the assignment. Pompeii “Villas Come Alive 2,000 Years As we prepared this activity, Images of Ancient Greece and Rome: After Vesuvius” to get data for a mosaic artist and teacher Gene Pompeii, funded by classical associations timeline about Pompeii, to read Sterud shared “Mosaics of the only “Day of Wrath” or to read Washington, D.C., Area,” a guide to http://wings.buffalo.edu/AandL/ both. mosaics that was prepared for the Maecenas/italy_except_rome_and_sicily/ Teachers might have different 2005 Society of American Mosaic herculaneum/section_contents.html teams using different sources to Artists (SAMA) convention in D.C. Herculaneum illustrate the importance of using This guide contains more sites than Images of Ancient Greece and Rome: reliable sources and more than we have listed. Sterud also shared Herculaneum, funded by classical one source to get a more complete “Choose Your Own Metro Mosaic associations picture. There is also the possibility Adventure” which is organized to use data to show the different by Metro lines to emphasize the www.initaly.com/regions/campania/ kinds of timelines that can be accessibility to mosaics. Some paestum.htm created — for the archaeological of the annotation in “D.C. and Paestum work only, for an art and literary Mosaics” came from the SAMA Overview of this Sybarite colony founded focus, for example. booklet. Teachers may wish to give in 650 BC students only those sites located on Get a Mosaic Foundation Metro lines to locate and to plan a Introduce students to the history mosaic tour for each Metro line. and creation of mosaics. Include Additional sites would include pictures of the earliest mosaics Highland Elementary School (Silver found in Mesopotamia as well as Spring, Md.), Twin Oaks Apartment those in Ravenna, Italy, that allow comparison of classic designs and Byzantine motifs. The Antioch continued on page

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program continued from page Older students could be asked to visit some or all of the mosaic Travel Archives Complex (Arlington, Va.) and AFL- sights in order to write brief CIO Headquarters (D.C.). descriptions of them. Give students Visit The Washington Post Some of these locations provide “Mosaic Sketch Diary” to record online Travel archives at www. tours with a docent or are open their visit to a mosaic of their washingtonpost.com. Select to the public. Consider taking a choice. What other locations where “International” and then “Italy.” field trip as a class or encouraging mosaics may be viewed could be Articles that focus on western Italy parents to take children on a added? The final product would be from Rome to Sicily include: family outing to one or more of the to write the introductory article mosaics. and to create the marked map with “In the Eternal City, Walk in a Roman’s its sights annotated for a Mosaics Sandals: A Block-by-Block Weekend Take a Road Trip Road Trip. Tour” (Post, October 5, 2008, Page P7) Follow the suggested approach Broadcast students could be found in “Take a Metro Ride” asked to tape the mosaic stops and “See Naples … And Eat: Food Is the (above). Another step would be to to prepare an audio tour. Lesson Main Dish on a Tour of Naples and the ask students to create a Road Trip. plans can be found at the Radio Amalfi Coast” (Post, July 13, 2008, Page Give students “Literary Inspiration and Television News Directors P1) on the Streets of D.C.,” the Road high school journalism initiative Trip column from the August 24, site (www.hsbj.org). Go to Radio “Italy: Searching Her Past, Finding His 2008, Sunday Source section of The Curriculum and select Fourth Year, Presence” (Post, March 30, 2008, Page Post. “Audio Tour” and “Let’s Walk” P1) Annotate the introduction to the (4.12.0-4.12.14.0). Instructions are Road Trip that serves as a model also available on this site to produce “YOUR VACATION IN LIGHTS: for content and length. Questions to podcasts. Rome on Two Gelatos a Day” (Post, guide close reading and annotation September 30, 2007, Page P6) include: Make a Mosaic • In what way do the first and last If you have not introduced “Sicily: ‘Agriturismo’ Brings Visitors paragraphs serve as bookends? students to mosaics, begin this Down to the Farm” (Post, August 5, [early to future writers] art project with the history of 2007, Page P1) • Highlight where Paul Dickson’s mosaics (See “Mosaics” section claim that writers “come here for and the “D.C. and Mosaics” page all different reasons” is supported. in this guide.) Include examples • Annotate the third paragraph that show the borders on pavement indicating the types of mosaics and Roman black-and-white information that it provides about mosaics. one building (one stop on the The materials needed to create a tour). mosaic may vary from construction • What is the connection of the paper to pasta to found objects such three people named in the fifth as keys, chipped china and marbles. paragraph? Art and crafts supply stores, such Talk about the route that is as Plaza Art and Michaels, have suggested — starting point, number mosaic kits that contain all the of stops, logical progression, time materials needed to do a small to complete the tour and ease of project. getting to the stops. The Post For the two projects in this guide, archive of Road Trip columns we suggest the use of cardboard provides additional examples for the squares; if this is not (www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/content/linkset/2005/04/07/ LI2005040700365.html). continued on page

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program continued from page Plan a Trip Mosaics The activity “Plan a Trip to available in the school’s art supplies, Campania” gives students practice www.newadvent.org/cathen/10584a.htm construction paper may be used. in map reading, budgeting and Mosaics On the overview page, “Make mathematics, determining and Extensive entry in the online Catholic Your Own Mosaics One Square using reliable sources, and writing. Encyclopedia, provides history, examples at a Time,” materials needed to In the tradition of the wealthy who and locations and techniques employed complete the projects are listed. did their continental tour and the The foamcore, tag board or other curious who flocked to the Bay of www.mosaicatlas.com/ material should be sturdy enough to Naples in the mid-1700s after the Mosaic Atlas create a surface on which students discovery of Pompeii, students are Mosaics in 75 countries are listed by will tape their grids and work. asked to tour Campania. Naples, country. For example, select Egypt and Depending on the age of students founded by the Greeks and ruled six locations with links are available; and time available to complete the by invaders beginning with the photographs of the mosaics can be viewed mosaics, teachers may wish to cut Romans, is the capital of the at the specific place. the 1/2-inch squares for students. region. It is the home of the Museo Template grids are found on each Archeologico Nazionale, one of the www.theoi.com/ design page. It is suggested that world’s most important museums of Theoi Greek Mythology these be enlarged 118% in order archaeology. Select Greco-Roman Mosaics; click on to make 1/2-inch squares. Legal Students are asked to visit the examples in the gallery for a larger image size paper will work for duplicating archaeological sights as well as get and information. grids. Older students could create acquainted with modern Campania. their own grids (nine squares by 23 Choices abound. Their rainy day mosaicartsource.wordpress.com/ squares) or use graph paper. could be spent in a museum or Mosaic Art Source Blog The designs are for borders. under an umbrella in Sorrento. Current work and dialogue, books, classes, Geometric-patterned mosaics were They may use local buses and the glossary discovered in Sumerian as well as Circumvesuviana that provide ancient Greek and Roman mosaics. frequent, reasonable transportation http://sights.seindal.dk/photo/9325,s1073f. Clay, shells, and pebbles were early or pay for the comfort of a privately html materials used to create durable guided tour. They may ferry to Villa of the Mosaic Columns works on mud-brick surfaces of Capri to visit Blue Grotto, climb to Close-up of detail, includes the scallop temples, courtyards and earthen the Imperial villa of Tiberius, and pattern on columns found in Pompeii floors. The scallop pattern used in shop in designer boutiques. “More Complex Design” appeared As they create a budget for the http://myloc.gov/EDUCATION/ in Pompeii in Villa of the Mosaic trip, introduce students to the LESSONPLANS/Pages/lessonplans/ Columns and on a bronze belt. Euro and conversion to US dollars. minerva/index.aspx The mosaics discovered during Lessons in passports, time zones The Minerva Mosaic excavation of Pompeii vary from a and voltage, tipping (not expected LOC provides an online lesson plan, “The portrait made of very small tiles to in family-run restaurants), basic Minerva Mosaic of the Library of Congress: displays of fruits and leaves to dogs Italian (buon giorno, scusi, grazie) Taking a Closer Look.” on mosaic floors at entrances to and etiquette might be added. homes. The latter often had simple two-tile deep borders. continued on page The “Greek Key” pattern is a repeat pattern that is still popular. It is often done in gray and white. Many early Roman mosaics were in black and white. We suggest that students limit their repeat-pattern design to three colors plus a border color to “frame” the work.

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program

ANSWERS readers “to go and see it,” describes “its every telling “Opulence and Destruction in Pompeii”: detail.” The subhead of the article indicates this will 1. Answers will vary. They were interested in myths, had be a positive review with the use of “enlightening.” The wealth to purchase jewelry and art. quotation that ends the exhibit also ends this review: … 2. They support the headline and subhead concepts — “few have given so much delight to posterity.” “wrath” and “opulence.” 3. To review an exhibit opening at the National Gallery “Villas and Vesuvius”: of Art in D.C. 1. a. West coast, b. Tyrrhenian Sea and Bay of Naples. 4. Answers will vary, but most should answer no. The 2. Places Italy into geographic perspective, indicates previous paragraph sums up the quickness and extent of Rome’s location and location of the larger map; death that came to all levels of society. 3. a. South; b. a peninsula; c. 1) three miles, 2) nine miles, 5. On M6, the dominant painting, “Vesuvius From Portici,” 3) seven miles, 4) 19 miles south. and the circa-1870 photograph of one of the victims. 4. Definitions of the terms. 6. D.C.’s architecture on the Mall is neo-classical, clearly 5. The resort town drew emperors, patrician Romans and showing the influence of the Greek architecture and the rich who wanted to be near them away from Rome. culture that impacted ancient Rome’s tastes. It also 6. Mt. Vesuvius erupted. speaks to the level of living and interests of those who 7. Charles VII, the Spanish Bourbon ruler of Naples and live in the D.C. area and even those who visit D.C., Sicily, wanted to find Pompeii; Stabiae was discovered staying in the best hotels. instead. When Pompeii was discovered attention and 7. Hercules, Odysseus. money moved there. 8. The author uses comparison to relate the preservation 8. Libero d’Orsi, a school principal, worked without of colors and intensity of the exhibit. funding to unearth Stabiae. Leo Varone initiated founding 9. Interest in Greek culture, show their wealth, impress the Restoring Ancient Stabiae Foundation to preserve the the emperors who came on vacation. remains and educate the public. 10. Many were sold outside of Italy. 9. Answers will vary. Greek influence, interest in myths 11. The use of frescoes of mythic figures and nature, statues and ancestors, love of nature; wealth to acquire and and deep reds and blues that are expensive to produce. ability to create artworks. 12. The reviewer calls it a “terrific exhibition,” encourages 10. Answers will vary.

BY KEVIN CLARK — THE WASHINGTON POST

Villas and Vesuvius

Read The Washington Post Travel article, “Villas Come Alive 2,000 Years After Vesuvius.” Answer the following questions on your own paper.

1. Locate Rome (Roma) and Naples (Napoli) on a map of Italy.

a. On which coast are they located?

b. On or near what bodies of water are they located?

2. Use the inset map on this page. What information does it provide?

3. Use the “Details: Stabiae” map.

a. Where is Pompeii located in relation to Mount Vesuvius?

b. Sorrento is located on 1) an island, 2) a mountain, or 3) a peninsula?

c. Using the legend, determine approximately how many miles Stabiae is from 1) Pompeii, 2) Mount Vesuvius, 3) Sorrento, 4) Naples.

4. Define the following terms that are used in this travel article and use four of them in a paragraph that tells about the Roman resort of Stabiae.

Archaeology Galley Asphyxiated Glitterati Eruption Mosaic Excavation Patrician Fresco

5. Who lived in Stabiae in the first century A.D.?

6. What happened on August 24, A.D. 79?

7. How did Bourbon kings get involved with excavation of Stabiae? Why did excavation work stop here?

8. Libero d’Orsi and Leo Varone are examples of what one man who loves history and respects the past of his community can do. What did they do?

9. What do the frescoes, mosaics and remnants of villas reveal about the interests and lifestyle of those who lived in them?

10. The author suggests that readers might imagine being a resident of Stabiae, an 18th-century archaeologist on a dig there or a student of Libero d’Orsi. Write 2-4 paragraphs about being one of these three or being a sailor on a galley with Pliny the Elder approaching the harbor in August A.D. 79. Name ______Date ______

Plan a Trip to Campania

You and your family want to spend five days exploring western Italy south of Rome. There are many choices. Think about what will interest members of your family, meet your budget and allow your family to enjoy the sights without being too rushed.

Do the research — talk to people who have traveled in Campania, read travel guides, visit travel agencies and Web sites including The Washington Post archive of Travel section articles, and contact the Italian embassy and official bureaus of tourism.

You are to 1) prepare a budget for the trip, 2) plan an itinerary and 3) explain what each destination offers.

WHAT TO DO You definitely plan to spend one day in Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabiae. Will members of your family want to spend more than one day exploring these ancient sites? Will you want to explore places that appeal to modern-day glitterati — Capri and Amalfi? What will your base city offer for a day without travel? Where will you go if it’s a rainy day?

1. What attractions does the base city provide in the following areas? a. Culture b. History c. Entertainment 2. Decide where you will visit each day. a. Why have you selected this place? b. Write a 2- to 3-paragraph description of the sights to be visited each day. c. To whom will it appeal in your family?

WHERE TO STAY You do not want to carry suitcases daily so you will have a base city from which to travel. Instead of staying in Naples, you decide to stay in Sorrento, Amalfi or Salerno. Which will be the best place to use as your base for daily excursions? a. What are your options for a hotel for 1) No more than $150 US, and 2) No more than $250 US per day? b. Are there homes or villas to rent for five days? c. What amenities are provided for the price?

GETTING THERE Italy welcomes many visitors each year and has a transportation network of roads, trains and buses. The Amalfi Coast is dramatic, but also a serpentine challenge to drive. a. What public transportation is available to travel to sites you wish to visit? For example, check the route of the Circumvesuviana, the commuter train. b. Are there options to hike or boat to places you want to see? There are several locations from which to ferry to Capri, for example. c. What would it cost to rent a car for five days? Be sure to include fuel and insurance. Is an international driver’s license required in Italy? d. Is it possible to arrange for a private guide? Make Your Own Mosaics One Square at a Time

Large, impressive mosaic works are seen in places of worship, office buildings and even homes. Mosaics, pictures or decora- tions made of small pieces of stone, glass and other material, have been made for more than 5,000 years in many cultures.

Mosaics can be very elaborate or a simple repetition of design elements. You will begin with a simpler design so you can get acquainted with the process. You will make it your own through the colors you choose.

Below are your patterns that were created on a grid, using squares cut from colored cardboard paper. There are many kinds of designs and subjects. These are borders that were used by Greek and Roman mosaic artists.

Simple Design More Complex Design

Cardboard is easy to cut and comes in different colors. When you glue the squares onto the grid, it will support the little squares. For this project, you will use 1/2" squares.

Materials n White heavy (24- to 30- pound) paper (for the grid) n Brightly colored cardboard or construction paper n Sketch pad or graph paper for ideas and color choices n Ruler, pencil n Colored pencils or markers n Safety scissors n Glue stick n Old newspaper to cover work area n Paper towels n Foamcore board, tag board or other sturdy material, 12" x 15" n Masking tape

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glue glue off the colored squares. Try to keep your work as neat and

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color color squares on to the final paper grid.

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elect elect S your color palette. Black, white, and gray were

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fall fall leaves, beige and olive green) were used in Pompeii.

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abound in vaulted ceilings, arches, abound in arches, ceilings, vaulted

and Byzantine churches. Mosaics and churches. Byzantine

feeling feeling of ancient Romanesque

and modern styles to recreate and the modern to styles recreate

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Some of the best mosaic artists

(202) (202) 526-1287 Washington, DC 20017 Washington,

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Where Where To See Mosaics In the Washington, D.C., Area

mosaics found outside the Anacostia Metro station.

and movement of passengers are reflected in the marine subjects of the

life life in intricate patterns and colorful tesserae. The flow of modern life

and greens, gold and rich reds express the sacred as the stories come to

Cathedral and the Shrine of the Immaculate Conception. Deep blues

in D.C. Scenes from the Bible are found in the chapels of the National

D.C. D.C. and Mosaics

400 Michigan Ave NE 400 Ave Michigan

of of the Immaculate Conception

Basilica of the National Shrine

www.nationalshrine.com

Christian Christian society.

transformation from a from to pagan transformation

early Christian world center; see Christian world early

Antioch, a great Roman city Antioch, a and Roman great

found found on the of floors and gardens

from southeastern Turkey. Mosaics southeastern Turkey. from

The The Antioch Collection, mosaics

(410) (410) 396-7100

Baltimore, MD Baltimore, 21218

10 10 Art Museum Drive

Baltimore Baltimore Museum of Art

overview/mosaics.html

www.artbma.org/collection/

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artist mentors created the created artist panels. mentors

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shards and High shards bottles. school

panels panels of tile, stained glass, pottery

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(410) (410) 244-1900

Baltimore, MD Baltimore, 21230

800 Key Highway 800 Key

American American Visionary Art Museum

www.avam.org/

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teachers, Feb. teachers,

high school students, Nov.-March; high school students, Nov.-March;

podcast. Workshops for middle and podcast. Workshops

Art Art site films for lectures, and 5-part

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Exhibit: Exhibit: Oct. 19, 2008, to 22, March

Pompeii Pompeii and the Roman Villa

pompeiiinfo.shtm

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view view the stained glass windows.

appearances of Christ. Take time to of Christ.appearances Take

chapels vibrant mosaics chapels vibrant depict the

In the Resurrection and In Bethlehem the Resurrection

(202) (202) 537-6263

Washington, DC 20001 Washington,

Wisconsin & Mass Ave Wisconsin

Washington Washington National Cathedral, D.C.

www.nationalcathedral.org

Education (ACE) program offers mosaic offers classes. program Education (ACE)

and and art County schools Adult example, Fairfax near and For you. Community

Review the instructional programs at community the community colleges, centers instructional programs Review

San Francisco Bay classes, Area Sanexhibits, lectures Francisco

Institute Institute of Mosaic Art

www.instituteofmosaicart.com/

visual visual arts. “Mosaics” will be taught be Gene Sterud in winter and spring.

At the Torpedo Factory Art Center in Alexandria, Va., ALS classes Art offers in Center Factory in Va., Alexandria, At the Torpedo

The The Art League School

www.theartleague.org/

Alfredo Ratinoff ( Alfredo

Mosaics,” Mosaics,” an 8-session class beginning Jan. 2009. This is course taught by

Under Under Studio Arts, select “Other include listings Media.” “Marvelous Current

Smithsonian Smithsonian Resident Associates

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classes around the classes around world

SAMA site includes resource list and contact information for Virginia and list SAMA site and includes contact resource for information Virginia

The The Society of American Mosaic Artists

www.americanmosaics.org/ Where Where to Take Classes

See Mosaics |

❸

H Bridge or Street “Hopscotch Bridge”

Ccontinued

style, style, much use has been made of gold mosaic.

glass glass mosaics, depicting saints and other sacred images. In the Byzantine

The The walls and ceiling of in the stone covered are cathedral traditional and

(202) (202) 333-4730

Washington, DC Washington,

36th Street 36th and N.W. Street Massachusetts Avenue,

Saint Saint Sophia Greek Orthodox Cathedral

for for glass panels, railing glass friezes, and sculptures murals.

medallions medallions installed in the length of the B/C terminal Look concourse. also

architecture. Ten artists designed the marble, glass and Terrazzo floor artists designed the glass marble, Ten and Terrazzo architecture.

In In the of remodeling the selected airport, artists to MWAA unite art with

Arlington, VA Arlington,

Ronald Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport

Elephant Elephant House.

Center. Look for Whitman mosaics H.S. Center. by created students Walt in the

Mosaic tile begins mural on the exterior wall and continues into the Visitor’s

Washington, DC Washington,

3001 3001 Connecticut Avenue

National National Zoological Park

of trains and Metro trains. D.C. of students and trains designed D.C. trains. Metro the figures.

bridge over the train tracks; bridge an over the engineering tracks; train feat to withstand the vibration

for for its colorful mosaic that figures cover the walls spanning the length of the

at 1st and 2nd streets N.W. and H (Union N.E. Street Station) at won awards 1st and 2nd N.W. streets

(www.jacksonjarvisstudio.com).

has has the mosaic, “River Spirits of the Anacostia,” by Martha Jackson-Jarvis

See art of installed them: at Anacostia stations. station Metro Metro Two

MetroArts

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interior interior and grounds.

monastery entry. Daily monastery tour entry. schedule; virtual tour and video of available

Many traditional religious Many mosaics religious traditional in are and the gardens Portico, Rosary

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The The Franciscan Monastery

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See See Mosaics |

traditional and traditional patterns non-traditional

Projects for Projects the modern home using

Trafalgar Square Publishing (1997) Trafalgar

Design, Motifs

The Mosaic Sourcebook: Projects,

Siggins, Siggins, Paul and Paul Cooper

inspired book inspired cover

Egyptian Egyptian necklace and Aztec design-

3-5; projects 3-5; include projects an African mask,

Step-by-step guide for students, grades

Heinemann Library Heinemann (2004) Library

Mosaics

Powell, Michelle Powell,

recommended.

15 projects 15 in projects the second half. Highly

and array and of array materials; instructions for

history history of mosaics, global examples

SAMA SAMA past a provides president

Sterling (2006) Sterling

World

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Mosaic Techniques & Traditions:

King, King, Sonia

years of mosaicyears art

Designs Designs and by inspired projects 6,000

Trafalgar Square Publishing (2000) Trafalgar

Classic Mosaic

Goodwin, Goodwin, Elaine

to to follow

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History, tools and History, four methods;

Sterling/Lark (1997) Sterling/Lark

Techniques Techniques & Projects

Making Mosaics: Designs,

Dierks, Leslie Dierks,

❷

40 40 projects

buttons, buttons, beans, found objects in

Basic mosaic-making applied to

Lark Books Lark (2001)

The New Mosaics

Dawson, D. T. Dawson, D.

works may the inspire mosaic works artist.

Photographs of Photographs some little known

beginning with the First Century. beginning with Century. the First

art scholars, organized by art periods organized scholars,

Excellent resource for and teachers Excellent resource

New York University Press (1979) Press University New York

Mosaics

Roman Black-and-White Figural

Clarke, John R. Clarke,

techniques; techniques; 150 color photographs

Master Master mosaic artist his shares

New New Holland (2004)

Mosaic Art: Design & Inspiration

Cheek, Cheek, Martin

are included are

word and photo; word pattern templates

step-by-step detailed are projects in

From beginner to 15 level, From advanced

(2003)

Creative Publishing Creative International

Making Mosaics

Cheek, Cheek, Martin

techniques

books books for designs and easy-to-follow

Use Use this or one of recent more Biggs

Running Press (1996) Press Running

A A Step-by-Step Visual Directory

Encyclopedia of Mosaic Techniques:

Biggs, Emma Biggs, Read Read About It Mosaic Sketch Diary Name ______Date ______

Mosaic’s Name ______Period/Style ______

Location ______

Sketch Description

Mosaic Sketch Diary Name ______Date ______

Mosaic’s Name ______Period/Style ______

Location ______Sketch Description Volume 8, Issue 3

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program Literary Inspiration on the Streets of D.C.

• Originally Published Sunday, the Patent Office and the Bureau of Indian August 24, 2008 Affairs, where the “Leaves of Grass” poet WHERE: The District did his 9 to 5. During the Civil War, the WHY: Writerly homes, anti-Bic pens and building became a makeshift hospital caffeinated poetry where Whitman spent many evenings HOW FAR: About 14 miles from start to tending to the wounded, an experience finish that inspired much of the poetry in his 1865 collection, Drum Taps. ❶ Since Thomas Jefferson first came to Elsewhere in the city, Whitman ❹ Washington, the city has played host contemporary Julia Ward Howe not and home to some of the most prolific only slept at the Willard Hotel but by and celebrated writers to put pen to candlelight scribbled the words to “The paper. After meeting President Abraham Battle Hymn of the Republic.” Lincoln here, Nathaniel Hawthorne was And pay attention, wannabe Maya ❺ moved to write the essay “Chiefly About Angelous: Harlem Renaissance writer War Matters,” published in the Atlantic Langston Hughes proved that being Monthly’s July 1862 issue. During the discovered doesn’t happen only in New same period, Louisa May Alcott worked York and London publishing circles. While as a nurse at a Civil War hospital in working as a busboy at the Wardman Park Georgetown before writing her novel Hotel, now owned by Marriott, Hughes Little Women in 1868. grabbed the attention of American poet ❷ Writers “come here for all different Vachel Lindsay by dropping his poems reasons,” says Paul Dickson, a local next to Lindsay’s dinner plate. author who co-wrote On This Spot: As for tomorrow’s talent, check out the ❻ Pinpointing the Past in Washington, poetry scene at Ebenezers Coffeehouse. D.C. “For all people, this has always been Who knows? You might be listening to a place to express themselves.” the next Sterling A. Brown, the first poet ❸ Before the National Portrait Gallery laureate of our book-smart city. became home to a painting of Walt Whitman, the grand old building housed — Karen Hart

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program

Opulence and Destruction in Pompeii e- “Day of Wrath: The National Gallery’s Enlightening Look at the Opulence and Destruction of ‘Pompeii,’” was Replica published October 19, 2008, in the Style & Arts section of The Washington Post. Answer the following questions about the article and the artwork and photographs that accompany it.

1. Before reading the article, look at the two illustrations on M1. The dominant image is a close-up of a marble plaque unearthed in one of the homes of Pompeii. The second is the picture of a bracelet. What do these images tell the reader about the culture, arts and style of the people in Pompeii?

2. In what way do these illustrations work with the headline and subhead?

3. What is the purpose of this article?

4. Is it an exaggeration to call the eruption of Vesuvius the “epitome of catastrophe”? Explain your answer.

5. Which illustration(s) support the “horror” of the event?

6. What point is made to the visitor of the exhibit and the residents of D.C. in the paragraph that begins “And what we see we recognize, for the culture of Pompeii — its polished marble tabletops, its luxurious expectations, its antiquarian bragging, its conspicuous vacations — is already there within us”?

7. What mythic figures are associated with the Bay of Naples area?

8. What literary device does the author use when he writes: “The colors of the walls there seemed as startlingly fresh as those of shining butterflies … brought to life as did stuffed birds in a bell jar”? What purpose does this paragraph serve?

9. Look at the busts under the subhead “Under the Volcano” and read the captions that add more information than is given in the article. Why might the residents of Pompeii have had these busts in their homes?

10. The individuals and institutions that loaned their works for the exhibit are indicated in the credit lines. What do they reveal about the discoveries made during excavation?

11. What are “Vesuvian fashion” and “Pompeian red and blue”?

12. What is the author’s view of the exhibit? Give three examples of where this is stated. Volume 8, Issue 3

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program

PHOTO BY LUCIANO PEDICINI, COURTESY OF SOPRINTENDENZA SPECIALE PER I BENI ARCHEOLOGICI DI NAPOLI E POMPEI A marble plaque from the House of Gilded Cupids DAY OF WRATH The National Gallery’s Enlightening Look at the Opulence and Destruction of ‘Pompeii’

By Paul Richard overturned, and the panic of the dying frescoes on the walls; you ought to go Special to the Washington Post as the tradesmen in their shops, and the and see it. Its objects are deluxe. Its dogs still in their kennels, and the nobles every telling detail (the old bronze of • Originally Published Sunday, in their jewels are buried all at once. the cases, the entasis of the columns) October 19, 2008 That epitome of catastrophe smolders feels learnedly considered. The show at the core of “Pompeii and the Roman in the East Building is one of those Aug. 23, A.D. 79, was the last day of Villa: Art and Culture Around the Bay of spectaculars, generous and costly, that Pompeii. Who has not imagined what Naples,” the terrific exhibition that goes no one does as well as the National befell that chic resort? on view today at the National Gallery Gallery of Art. And the terrible yet tingly The towering volcano, then the wrath- of Art. story that it tells is pretty hard to beat. of-God explosion, the rivers of red Portrait busts and goddesses, atria First we get the horror, and then a lava, the hot snows of gray ash, the and niches, a living Roman garden of fluted columns crashing, the statues rosemary and laurel, mosaics underfoot, continued ON page 20

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program continued from page 19 Here, for the first time, we get to see the real thing. kind of miracle, a sort of resurrection, Had the National Gallery delivered as the victims of Vesuvius — their just a show of Roman treasures — reading lamps, their fountains, the very these tall statues brought alive by postures of their bodies — are brought their eyes of colored stone, that back into light. great bronze of Alexander, these And what we see we recognize, for standard lamps and birdbaths — it the culture of Pompeii — its polished would have done enough. But its marble tabletops, its luxurious director, Earl A. “Rusty” Powell III, expectations, its antiquarian who finagled these grand loans and bragging, its conspicuous vacations raised the needed money (from the PHOTO BY LUCIANO PEDICINI, COURTESY OF SOPRINTENDENZA SPECIALE — is already there within us. It is Bank of America), and the curator in PER I BENI ARCHEOLOGICI DI NAPOLI E POMPEI A serpentine bracelet has an intricate also all about us. Step out of the charge, Carol C. Mattusch of George “snakeskin” surface. gallery, look up and down the Mall, Mason University, and the gallery’s and what you mostly see is a kind of Mark Leithauser, whose cool team faux antiquity — of pediments and of designers devised the installation, deep into our minds. statues, acanthus leaves and obelisks have done a whole lot more. Their — stretching far away. Believe it or exhibition shows how the last day of * * * not, there had never been a major Pompeii adjusted our aesthetic, set a People with the wherewithal have show of ancient Rome in Washington. template for our wishes, and got so been finding their way gladly to the coast below Vesuvius (with its sweet herb-scented breezes, its incomparable seafood, and its view of far-off Capri) for millennia at least. It’s a place alive with myths. Hercules dropped by while performing his Tenth Labor (hence the town of Herculaneum; and Pompeii takes its name from the triumph that he held there — pompa— when his heavy work was done). Odysseus came as well (Baios, his old helmsman, drowned in these blue waters, and gave his name to Baiae, a nearby resort town). “Baiae,” noted Cicero, “is synonymous with lechery, love, adultery, the good life, banquets, parties, song.” Neapolis, now Naples, had been a Greek city for 500 years before it became officially a Roman one in 89 B.C. The rich resorts around it kept their PRIVATE COLLECTION, COURTESY OF ROBILANT + VOENA, LONDON “Interior at Pompeii,” 1905 oil on canvas by Josef Theodore Hansen, depicting the house of Marcus Lucretius Fronto. continued ON page 21

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program continued from page 20

Greek aesthetic. The Romans of the region venerated Homer, Alexander and all things ancient Greek. You see that in their art. By then that lovely curving coast had famously become a place of leisured pleasure, a sort of a Hamptons to busy Rome’s Manhattan. Seaside homes were built there by Julius Caesar, by Augustus the first emperor, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius and Nero, and the richest of their countrymen. The villas they constructed, as one might imagine, were competitively grand. One of these, the Villa dei

Papiri (named for the black DEPARTMENT OF IMAGE COLLECTIONS, NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART LIBRARY scrolls of carbonized papyrus A circa-1870 albumen print of Michele Amodio’s plaster cast of a fallen man. discovered in its ruins), was a 65,000-square-foot wonder high above the water with staircases The town of Herculaneum was not seen and terraces descending to the sea. The again until its theater was discovered by startling bronze statue “Girl Fastening well-diggers at work in 1738. her Peplos” (or perhaps she’s undoing Excavations quickly followed. it) is just one of more than 80 large-scale They were paid for by the king (the statues from that buried villa’s grounds. enlightened Charles VII, the Spanish In 1974, the oilman J. Paul Getty did Bourbon ruler of Naples and Sicily), and his best to re-create that villa by the directed by a pro (Karl Jakob Weber, a sea — in Malibu, Calif. Like a lot of skilled Swiss engineer who may have other people, Getty kept on dreaming been the first scientific archaeologist), of Pompeii. but the treasures brought to light there Imagine the music. And the scale were not for the many, only for the of the feasting, and the exotic dishes few. Only the important were invited served there on gold-and-silver plates to the dig. Weber’s team had drilled (one cookbook of the time discusses 90 feet through the dark, cementlike camel heels and flamingo tongues). And pyroclastic flow, and the theater could imagine the entertainments, the dancing be seen now, but the visit wasn’t fun. girls, the acrobats, the gladiatorial The viewer was “conducted,” one of battles. (Pompeii, in its heyday, had them reported, “down a dark flight of 23,000 people and an amphitheater large more than a hundred steps to the dank enough to seat almost all of them.) Caligula was a sadist, a glutton, an and chilly theater. … An accurate idea adulterer. Many thought him mad. Here Then Vesuvius erupted. For the next he seems a sweet young man. This bust, of the place is not easily formed … 16 centuries most of this was lost. unearthed in Baia, is on loan from the Mueso Archeologico dei Campi Flegrei. continued ON page 22

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program

continued from page 21 as well, grand rooms reflected the new The second was a novelist, Edward Vesuvian fashion. One of these evoked Bulwer-Lytton, whose The Last Days It rather resembles a profoundly dark in the National Gallery exhibit — the of Pompeii was published to immense subterranean labyrinth.” Senate Appropriations Committee’s acclaim in 1834. Before the century It was not until much later — with main committee room in the U.S. Capitol was over his book would be republished the Napoleonic wars finally concluded, — was decorated boldly by Constantino more than 20 times. The historically and the banditti of Campania pretty Brumidi in 1856 in Pompeian red and recorded stories of Pompeii, and those well suppressed, and steamship blue. invented by the novelist, were soon so tourism expanding, and the advent of Two very famous Englishmen also mixed together that visitors to Italy the photograph — that the last day of helped to make the last day of Pompeii were confidently shown the very houses Pompeii seized the wider public’s awe. a sensational phenomenon. The first in Pompeii where his characters had Pompeii’s resurrection, as the show was William Hamilton, a learned British lived. makes clear, was to a large degree a diplomat who spent many years in The gallery’s exhibit closes with a Victorian phenomenon. Science and Naples in the second half of the 18th triumph, an enormous painted fiction romance, terrifying cataracts and century. When visitors who mattered by Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema — “A moralizing stories, scientific study of landed in that city, Hamilton would Sculpture Gallery” (1874) — which rocks and plants and newts and yearning take them to the smoking summit of blends antiquarian learning and rich for belief, were all mixed up together in Vesuvius; he ascended the volcano more Victorian kitsch in almost equal the Victorian imagination. than 60 times. He was also a collector measure. The earlier pre-Raphaelites The colors of the walls there seemed who, in 1772, sold his vast collection of mostly had depicted medieval castles as startlingly fresh as those of shining Neapolitan antiquities — more than 700 and knights in shining armor. Here, butterflies brought from far away and vases, 600 bronzes and 6,000 coins — to instead, we see a family of Romans pinned down on a card. The dead of the the British Museum, London. who seem to be selecting sculptures for disaster, once their molds their seaside villa in Pompeii. The were filled with plaster, statues look authentic, which seemed as nearly brought shouldn’t be surprising, since to life as did stuffed birds they’re elsewhere in the show. in a bell jar. The lost-found The Romans look Victorian, story of Pompeii, which which is not surprising either, seemed to have a moral since they are the painter’s young — of confidence destroyed wife and two daughters. and decadence chastized — The movies would come appeared ideally devised for later. (The 1935 one with Basil the ripe Victorian mind. “Sherlock Holmes” Rathbone So what you got were may have been the scariest.) fads — a suddenly erupting So, too, would the slide shows, interest in volcanoes, and and the fireworks displays of in ancient Romans (those “The Last Days of Pompeii.” patriotic, prosperous, But Pompeian archaeology and world-ruling imperialists so imaginary drama had already very much like us), and merged. in the heated climate of Painted on the wall toward Naples and Pompeii. the exhibition’s end is a quote Artists across Europe from J. W. von Goethe, who began to fill their paintings visited Pompeii in 1787: “There with wild, scary images have been many disasters in this of Vesuvius erupting, world,” wrote the German poet, preferably at night. Their “but few have given so much oils are on view. In Britain COURTESY OF SOPRINTENDENZA SPECIALE PER I BENI ARCHEOLOGICI DI NAPOLI E POMPEI delight to posterity.” A motto for and in France, and America A marble torso from a statue of a woman, dating from the 1st this show. n century A.D.

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program Villas Come Alive 2,000 Years After Vesuvius

By Susan Davidson kings to find Pompeii. They dug tunnels In 1950, Libero d’Orsi, a local high Special to the Washington Post and trenches and were rewarded by school principal, took it upon himself, finding not Pompeii — not at first, with help from the school’s janitor, to • Originally Published Sunday, anyway — but Stabiae’s Villa San Marco, learn more about Stabiae. Working October 19, 2008 Villa Arianna and evidence of other with their bare hands, they found A rickety turnstile stands between homes of up to 200,000 square feet astonishingly well-preserved remnants the not-very-distinguished city of each, which tells us plenty about the of villas. The frescoes had retained Castellammare di Stabia, 19 miles wealth of their owners. When Pompeii their original colors of red, black, white, south of Naples, and Stabiae, a cluster was unearthed three miles to the north, yellow and pale green; the mosaics had of villas built by wealthy Romans more around 1750, the king did not have kept their sharply contrasting black and than 2,000 years ago. Walking through enough manpower to explore both sites white. the ineffective barrier between the two, at the same time. Attention and workers As I strolled around Stabiae, stones as I did in July, feels like taking a trip were diverted to Pompeii, and Stabiae’s in my shoes aside, I loved turning a back to the 1st century B.C., when tunnels and trenches were filled in to corner and being startled by the clarity Stabiae became a resort town. Putting prevent weather damage and looting. of the murals’ pastoral scenes, some aside the discomfort of walking on a The site remained closed and all but dusty, unpaved lane in sandals that seem forgotten for another 200 years. continued ON page 24 to attract rather than repel stones, discovering where and how patrician Romans spent some of their leisure time is the kind of sightseeing people who love art and history live for. With its stunning views of the Bay of Naples and nearby Mount Vesuvius, Stabiae was a playground for the glitterati of the day. Arriving by boat, they came to exercise their bodies as well as their minds, to talk about art and philosophy, and to enjoy the good weather, the view and locally made wine. But the end to all that came suddenly and dramatically with the eruption of Vesuvius on Aug. 24 in the year A.D. 79. Stabiae and the nearby cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum were buried under volcanic ash for almost two millenniums. The entire area remained untouched until 1748, when engineers and soldiers were PHOTO FROM THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY hired by the ruling Bourbon This fresco, which probably dates from the first century A.D., shows a harbor town.

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program

PHOTO FROM THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY NATIONAL MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY A re-creation of the Villa San Marco hints at the wealth of the people who came to Roman frescoes remain vibrantly colorful two millen- Stabiae for pleasure and relaxation. niums after Stabiae was buried in the eruption that also destroyed Pompeii. continued FROM page 23 some friends (and to get a better look architect Leo Varone. Like a character at the eruption) and was killed near in an Italian opera, he speaks with great with perspective. And there was room Stabiae, presumably asphyxiated by passion, and he uses the expressive hand after room built on an axis to maximize poisonous gases or volcanic ash. Many gestures of his native Campania, a region the circulation of summer breezes and people died on the beaches or drowned that includes Stabiae, Herculaneum provide magnificent vistas of the bay. trying to flee. and Pompeii. Channeling his energy Because excavations are ongoing, a And for romantic musings about and knowledge, Varone and colleagues visitor can watch diggers sifting through Stabiae, we can choose between from his alma mater, the University 2,000-year-old ash, working under a wondering what it must have of Maryland, formed the Restoring canopy to shade them at least partially been like to have lived (and been Ancient Stabiae Foundation, a nonprofit from the punishing sun. incredibly wealthy) in ancient times group dedicated to preservation and Thinking about the drama of the site’s and, alternatively, what it might have education. (For more information, go to history is moving. The inhabitants of felt like to be on the 18th-century http://www.stabiae.org.) the villas were not unmindful of the archaeology team that unearthed such “History repeats,” Varone says. “Stabiae danger as they saw Vesuvius erupting, beautiful, unspoiled frescoes. We can was the little sister to Herculaneum and but many apparently thought the best even imagine what it would have been Pompeii. It is a three-times-told story,” way to escape was to descend from their like to be a student hearing Libero with the small city overshadowed first hillsides and wait for rescue by boat. In d’Orsi talk about his findings. in ancient times, then reburied in favor fact, the ancient naturalist author Pliny No one is more concerned about of Pompeii and even now in the shadow the Elder launched galleys to rescue the future of Stabiae than Washington of the better-known excavation sites. n

An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program

Academic Content Standards

This lesson addresses academic content standards of Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia.

Maryland Virginia Washington, D.C.

Visual Arts: Plan personal artworks History: The student will demonstrate Visual Arts: Understand the that incorporate attributes of selected knowledge of ancient Greece in terms historical contributions and cultural subject matter, styles and techniques of its impact on Western civilization dimensions of the visual arts, noting of various cultures and periods of art by f) citing contributions in drama, how human diversity is revealed in history (Grade 7, Historical, Cultural poetry, history, sculpture, architecture, visual arts and artists (3, HSP, HSA) and Social Context: Students will science, mathematics and philosophy demonstrate an understanding of (WHI.5) Visual Arts: Creates designs using the visual art as an essential aspect of effect of visual structures (design history and human experience.) Mathematics: The student will apply elements such as color, space and transformations (rotate or turn, form; principles of design such as Visual Arts: Demonstrate ways reflect or flip, translate or slide, and repetition, rhythm and balance) and the elements of art and principles dilate or scale) to geometric figures functions of art (Grade 5, Artistic of design are manipulated to represented on graph paper. The Perception, content and performance communicate ideas (Grade 6-8, student will identify applications of standards) Creative Expression and Production) transformations, such as tiling, fabric design, art and scaling. (Grade 8, Mathematics: Apply spatial reasoning History: Analyze the emergence Geometry, 8.8) by recognizing and drawing two- and enduring influence of Aegean dimensional representations of civilizations. Describe the major Mathematics: The student will make three-dimensional objects (e.g., nets, cultural achievements of the Greek a model of a three-dimensional projections and perspective drawings civilization, such as art, science, figure from a two-dimensional of cylinders, prisms and cones) political systems, and philosophy drawing and make a two-dimensional (Grade 8, Geometry, 8.G.5) across time (Grade 6, Standard 5, representation of a three-dimensional Topic B: Emergence, Expansion and object. Models and representations Social Studies: Students use cardinal Changes in Nations and Empires) will include scale drawings, directions, map scales, legends perspective drawings, blueprints or and titles to locate places on Geometry: The student will construct computer simulations (Geometry, contemporary maps of D.C. and local and/or draw and/or validate G.12) communities — Identify and locate properties of geometric figures using major monuments and historical appropriate tools and technology. English: The student will write sites in and around Washington, D.C. (Goal 2, Expectation 4) in a variety of forms, including (Geography, 3.1.3) narrative, expository, persuasive and Reading/ELA: Analyze text features informational (Grade 8, Writing, 8.7) to facilitate understanding of informational texts. b) Analyze graphic aids that contribute to meaning

Standards of Learning currently in effect The Maryland Voluntary State Curriculum for Virginia Public Schools can be found Learning Standards for DCPS are found Content Standards can be found online at online at www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/ online at www.k12.dc.us/dcps/Standards/ http://mdk12.org/assessments/vsc/index.html. Superintendent/Sols/home.shtml. standardsHome.htm.