A Brief Guide to Liturgical Copyright
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Various Translations of Psalm 23A
Various Translations of Psalm 23a Jeffrey D. Oldham 2006 Feb 17 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 List of Abbreviations . 4 I Translations in the Tyndale-King James Tradition 5 2 The King James Version (1611) 5 3 The Revised Version (1885) 6 4 American Standard Version (1901) 7 5 Revised Standard Version (1952) 8 6 New Revised Standard Version (1989) 9 7 New American Standard (1971) 10 8 New King James Version (1982) 11 II Catholic Translations 12 9 Rheims-Douay (1610) 12 10 Knox (1950) 13 11 The Jerusalem Bible (1966) 14 12 The New Jerusalem Bible (1985) 15 13 The New American Bible (1970) 16 III Jewish Translations 17 a c 2005 Jeffrey D. Oldham ([email protected]). All rights reserved. This document may not be distributed in any form without the express permission of the author. 14 The JPS’s Masoretic Translation (1917) 17 15 The Tanakh (1985) 18 IV British Translations 19 16 The New English Bible (1970) 19 17 Revised English Bible (1989) 20 V Conservative Protestant Translations 21 18 Amplified Bible (1965) 21 19 New International Version (1978) 22 20 English Standard Version (2001) 23 21 The New Living Translation (1996) 24 VI Modern Language and Easy-to-Read Translations 25 22 Moffatt (1926) 25 23 Smith-Goodspeed (1927) 26 24 Basic English Bible (1949) 27 25 New Berkeley Version (1969) 28 26 Today’s English Version (1976) 29 27 Contemporary English Version (1995) 30 28 New Century Version (1991) 31 VII Paraphrases 32 29 The Living Bible (1971) 32 30 The Message (2002) 33 VIII Other 34 31 Septuagint Bible by Charles Thomson (1808) 34 2 1 Introduction There are about two dozen English-language Bibles currently in circulation in the States and about as many have previously been in circulation, but few of us ever examine more the our favorite translation. -
CHOOSING a BIBLE TRANSLATION Reading, Studying and Praying
CHOOSING A BIBLE TRANSLATION Reading, studying and praying through the Bible are an essential part of the Christian faith. The Bible teaches us about who God is; the purpose of human life; and how we should live in relation to God, to other people and to the created world. But more than just a source of information, beliefs, and practices, when we read the Bible with faith it becomes one of the key places where we encounter God. Indeed, when we pray for God’s Spirit to bring the ancient words alive, we are promised an encounter with God’s living Word – Jesus himself. All of this makes choosing which Bible translation to use an important decision. The two main things that go into this decision is how faithful it is to the original Hebrew and Greek Biblical manuscripts (so it will communicate what the Bible really says), and whether it’s easy to understand and enjoyable to read (so that you’ll actually want to read it). Picking a good translation means balancing the two – some translations focus on being as literal as possible (word-for-word), while others focus on taking the ideas spoken in the ancient languages and putting them into easily understandable modern English (thought-for-thought). Below I’ve listed four translations which are among the most common ones used today. NRSV (New Revised Standard Version) The NRSV is a mainly word- for-word translation of the Bible that is the most commonly used translation in university level Biblical studies. One of its distinctive features are the fact that it was translated by a group of scholars that included Protestant, Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christians, which makes it largely free of bias towards any one Christian tradition. -
What About Young's 'Literal' Translation?
What about Young's 'literal' translation? Young’s “literal” (Hah!) translation I recently had another conversation at one of the Christian Forums about whether or not there exists such a thing as a complete, inspired and 100% true Bible in any language, and I ran into another guy who was trying to push Young’s ‘literal’ translation as being better than the King James Bible. So, I addressed the points he raised and then finally decided to write something more about this bogus bible version so that everyone can see it for what it is - just another shabbily dressed impostor. Here is our initial conversation, followed by some more examples of just how pathetic this so called ‘literal” translation really is. Will (that’s me) said: "Young's has some very serious problems. Do you have eternal life or just "age during life"? Is God from everlasting to everlasting, or just "age during"? The man recommending Young’s then responds: [quote]” I believe that many people make the mistake of equating eternal to everlasting and the phrase age-during. Eternal is uncreated and not bound by time. Everlasting, Forever, or Age-During is a created state, but may go on without end. A Hebrew age is a reference to a thousand year lifespan such as Adam and Methuselah experienced. If you accept the holy-day prophecy of 6 thousand years of work and 1 thousand year reign of God, age-during makes sense in a dispensational way. The understanding of the Hebrew 'owlam' is persistent endurance which can render as everlasting, forever, or the during part of -age-during. -
New Jerusalem Version (NJV) Bible Review
New Jerusalem Version (NJV) The following is a written summary of our full-length video review featuring excerpts, discussions of key issues and texts, and lots of pictures, and is part of our Bible Review series. Do you recommend it? Why? Two thumbs up! The New Jerusalem Version takes first place in our list of recommended Messianic Bibles. Read on to learn why. Who's this Bible best for? The New Jerusalem Version is your best choice if you're looking for a literal translation with some Hebrew names and keywords that's respectful towards Judaism and looks like a real Bible. Would you suggest this as a primary or a secondary Bible? Why? The NJV is ideal as a primary Bible to carry around and read from on a regular basis because it contains the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation, is literal enough to be used as a study Bible, and is large enough to be easy on the eyes when reading but not so large as to be clunky. How's this version's relationship with the Jews and Judaism? In short, excellent. The New Jerusalem Version belies a deep familiarity with Jewish customs and sensibilities. For instance, the books of the Hebrew Bible are in the Jewish order rather than how they were later rearranged by Christianity. Similarly, the books are called by both their Hebrew and English names and the chapters and verses follow the Jewish numbering with the alternative Christian numbering in brackets. Personal names and words close to the Jewish heart are also transliterated so as to retain their original resonance. -
Revised Standard Version of the Old Testament (1952)
REVISED VERSION OR REVISED BIBLE? A Critique of the Revised Standard Version of the Old Testament (1952) By OSWALD T. ALLIS The Scripture cannot be broken THE PRESBYTERIAN AND REFORMED PUBLISHING COMPANY PHILADELPHIA 1953 ABBREVIATIONS AV Authorized or King James Version (1611) ARV American Revised Version (1901) RSV Revised Standard Version (1946, 1952) AT American Translation (1927) Moffatt New Translation by James Moffatt (1922-26) OT Old Testament NT New Testament Heb Consonantal Hebrew Text of the OT MT Massoretic Text of the OT (i.e., the Consonantal Hebrew Text as vocalized (pronounced) by Jewish scholars called Massoretes) Gk Greek Septuagint Version (LXX) Sam Samaritan-Hebrew Text Syr Syriac Version Tg Targum Vulg Latin Vulgate Cn “Correction” Ms Manuscript Vers Versions Introduction An Introduction to the RSV Old Testament (1952), by Members of the Revision Committee PREFACE Every lover of the Bible must deplore the fact that the appearance of a version of it should become the occasion of such controversy throughout American Protestantism as has resulted from the publication of the completed RSV Bible in the autumn of 1952. But this was inevitable for three reasons. The first reason is the tremendous pressure which has been and is being exerted in behalf of the RSV by the Publishers and by the National Council of Churches which is the owner of the copyright. They have not been willing to allow the new version to speak for itself and stand on its own merits. They are using every possible means to persuade Bible readers to accept it as a vast improvement on AV and ARV, and to induce Church Boards and Agencies to adopt it as the Standard Version for use by their respective denominations. -
How to Cite the Bible
How to Cite the Bible APA Style Parenthetical Citations: • For your first citation, identify the version which you used. Example: (John 3:16 New Revised Standard Version) • As part of a sentence: Example: In a sentence: In Psalm 36:1 (New Jerusalem Bible), David... • After this, only include the scripture reference, unless you switch versions. Reference Page: • Well-known books such as the Bible do not need to be included on the reference page, unless a professor requires you to do so. Information taken from Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association , 6th ed., 2009, section 6.18. MLA Style General Guidelines: • Versions of the Bible or individual books are not underlined, italicized, or placed in quotation marks. However, underline or italicize individual published editions of the Bible. Example: The King James Version of the Bible was first published in 1611. Example: The New Oxford Annotated Bible includes maps of the Holy Land. • You do not need to identify the version in subsequent references unless you switch to a different version. Parenthetical References: • Books of the Bible are abbreviated; see the MLA Handbook for common abbreviations. Example: (Phil. 3.8) • A period, not a colon, separates chapter and verse. • When you first refer to a particular version, include the name, a comma, and then the passage. Examples: (New Revised Standard Version, John 3.16) (New Jerusalem Bible , Ezek. 2.6-8) • After this, only include the scripture reference, unless you switch versions. Murray Library Messiah College – Box 3002 Grantham, Pa 17027 (717) 691-6006 www.messiah.edu/murraylibrary Guide #13: 6/30/2011 (BLM) Works Cited: • Include the title of the Bible, the version, the publication information, and whether it is print or web, in the citation. -
THE NEW ENGLISH BIBLE: the NEW TESTAMENT Richard Lloyd Anderson
102/DIALOGUE: A Journal of Mormon Thought CONCLUSION "All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doc- trine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness" (II Tim. 3:16). New renditions of the Bible can be helpful in accomplishing what Paul thus commended. And the admonition given in Doctrine and Cove- nants 91:4-6 with reference to the Apocrypha is applicable also here: "There- fore whoso readeth it, let him understand, for the Spirit manifesteth truth; and whoso is enlightened by the Spirit shall obtain benefit therefrom; and whoso receiveth not by the Spirit, cannot be benefited. ." "We believe the Bible to be the word of God as far as it is translated correctly. ." ("The Articles of Faith") That principle holds for the New English as well as for the old English. The King James Version will likely remain for many years to come as the official Bible of the LDS church, and it will continue to be tolerably well understood by "study and also by faith." The prophet Joseph Smith once said, "You can get your 'longitude and latitude' better in the original Hebrew than in any of the translations of the Bible." Until we learn enough Hebrew to do so, however, it may be that all of the translation efforts will help us in our study. THE NEW ENGLISH BIBLE: THE NEW TESTAMENT Richard Lloyd Anderson Over a score of years ago a committee of English Protestant scholars planned a major Bible translation, conceived in concern for their age of apathy and dedicated to the proposition that contemporary language was essential. -
Versions and Translations the Following Outlines Some of the Key
Versions and Translations The following outlines some of the key characteristics of several Bibles currently in use. A number of the Bible translations most popular in the Western world today can be found in searchable form online (see: http://www.ntgateway.com/bible-translations/). The King James Version (KJV) The translation was planned from 1604 and published in 1611 under the auspices of King James VI of England. This Bible has become one of the most influential English books in modern Western civilization. It served as a unifier of English politics and religious disagreements. The King James Bible uses an economy of words and voices beautiful cadences that have led many to call it elegant. It remains a favorite in many Protestant circles. The Douay-Rheims Bible The first English translation for Roman Catholics was produced in Douay and Rheims in France from 1582-1610. It is based not upon the Hebrew and Greek text but rather the Vulgate, the Latin translation that was the authoritative Bible for the Catholic Church for much of its history. Its close adherence to the Latin makes many passages difficult for contemporary readers to understand, and it has largely fallen into disuse in many Catholic quarters. It is sometimes called the Rheims-Douay Bible. The American Standard Version (ASV) The growing sense that the KJV was based on less-than-ideal manuscripts and philological knowledge led to the British Revised Version in 1885. An American edition, the ASV, came out in 1901 and represented several hundred further emendations to suit its American audience. The ASV is sometimes thought of as by students of biblical languages as a particularly “wooden” translation, and it does in some respects seek to replicate the feel of the original, for example in using “Jehovah” rather than “Lord,” or “Sheol” rather than “grave/Hell.” However, the ASV is also quite euphemistic in places. -
A Brief History of the English Bible
A Brief History of the English Bible by Daniel J. Lewis © copyright 2012 by Diakonos, Inc. Troy, Michigan United States of America 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS A Brief History of the English Bible .............................................................. 1 The Earliest English Translations ................................................................... 3 The Wyclif Version ........................................................................................ 4 Reformation Bibles ......................................................................................... 6 William Tyndale ............................................................................................. 8 Tyndale’s Immediate Heritage ..................................................................... 10 The Great Bible ............................................................................................. 11 The Geneva Bible ......................................................................................... 12 The Bishops’ Bible ....................................................................................... 12 The King James Version ............................................................................... 13 The Legacy of the King James Version ........................................................ 15 Revising a Landmark .................................................................................... 17 Modern English Versions ............................................................................. 19 3 The year 2011 is -
The Origins of the Bible in English
The Origins of the Bible in English John Samaha How did the Bible come to us in English? The Old Testament writings were inscribed in Hebrew and other ancient languages. We know that the Good News was passed on by word of mouth immediately after the death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus Christ. Only decades later was the oral tradition put into written form, primarily in Greek. By the fifth century st. Jerome had translated the Bible into Latin. This was called the Latin Vulgate. In these pre-medieval times all writings were copied by hand. The whole of the Holy Bible did not appear in English until the middle of the second millennium. It was a slow and troubled accomplishment. The production of the Bible emerged from a complicated past filled with intrigue and controversy, persecution and martyrdom. What happened? At best, translation is a difficult and tricky task. An Italian adage says the translator is a traitor. In those early times it was a matter of life and death embroiled in historical, cultural, political, and religious clashes. But from that turmoil in those tumultuous times by dint of persevering and dedicated scholars the first English translations sa~ light of day. Briefly, this is what happened. Christianity arrived on the shores of England in the seventh century in the person of St. Augustine of Canterbury and the missionary efforts that followed. Already at that time Caedmon, an illiterate herdsman, sang the Good News in Anglo-Saxon poetry. In the next century other preachers continued to provide biblical translations of sorts. -
Bible Chart with Grade Levels
Bible Chart with Grade Levels Preface: I have been meaning to do a chart like this for some time; the problem being is, I don’t really know how to judge reading levels. However, I have thought about subdividing the translations for the exegetical study of each chapter of the Bible and adding in another category of easy-to-read translations. In order to do that, I needed to know which translations were easy-to-read. This resulted in the following chart, culled mostly from elsewhere, with the credit given at the bottom of the chart. Reading Level by Description/ Bible/ Published/ Grade/ Target Translation Commentary Distinctives Examples Abbreviation translators Audience Philosophy This translation is really a Dynamic 11th Grade mini-commentary which A popular translation used features a system of to understand the New Testament Amplified Bible Word-for-word Those looking for verse-end alternate hidden meaning of Greek 1958; Old plus additional more detailed translations and comments and Hebrew words. Break Testament 1964; AMP amplification of shades of meaning on different shades of through the language Revised 1987 word meanings in in Scripture meaning in the original barrier. brackets languages. Common English Bible 7th grade CBS, BY CEB This version seeks to be readable, yet faithful to the meaning of the original texts. Nouns describing God's actions (righteousness, Written at an 4th Grade Contemporary Paraphrase salvation, etc.) are rendered elementary-school 5.4 grade level New Testament English Version in varying ways. This version reading level, the CEV is 5th BY 1991; Old Thought-for- avoids complicated readable and Testament 1995 CEV thought language, obscure understandable for the Unchurched vocabulary and difficult modern reader. -
Bible Translations: the Link Between Exegesis and Expository Preaching1
BIBLE TRANSLATIONS: THE LINK BETWEEN EXEGESIS AND EXPOSITORY PREACHING1 Robert L. Thomas Professor of New Testament Language and Literature The Master's Seminary Expository preaching presupposes the goal of teaching an audience the meaning of the passage on which the sermon is based. Two types of Bible translations are available as "textbooks" the preacher may use in accomplishing this task. One type follows the original languages of Scripture inform and vocabulary insofar as possible without doing violence to English usage. The other type is not so much governed by phraseology in the original languages, but accommodates itself to contemporary usage of the language into which the translation is made. It is possible with a fair degree of objectivity to measure how far each translation deviates from the original languages. The greater degree of deviation inevitably reflects a higher proportion of interpretation on the translator's part. Regardless of the accuracy of the interpretation, the preacher will at times disagree with it and have to devote valuable sermon time to correcting the text. The best choice of translations on which to base expository preaching is, therefore, one which more literally follows the original languages and excludes as much human interpretation as possible. * * * * * English versions of the Bible can be classified in different ways. They can be classified in regard to historical origin, in regard to textual basis, in regard to theological bias, and in regard to usage of the English language. These areas of consideration are not without rele vance to exegesis and expository preaching, but for purposes of the current study, a fifth classification will be examined, that of the ^is essay was originally presented at the Thirty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Evangelical Theological Society in Dallas, TX, in December 1983 and has been updated for incorporation in this issue of The Master's Seminary Journal.