CITY WALKS This publication has been produced by the Architecture City of – a uniquely diverse organisation with three main aims: to support and promote the City as the world leader in international finance and business services; to provide high quality local services and policing for the Square Mile; and to provide valued services to London and the nation as a whole. As a planning authority we help shape the City and its unique environment. We look for cutting- edge design in new buildings while protecting our historic and contemporary much-loved architecture. We have produced this publication in association with New London Architecture whose assistance is gratefully acknowledged.

www.cityoflondon.gov.uk www.visitthecity.co.uk

Designs of

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www.newlondonarchitecture.org RS L HIP L S 1 I T

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T B E P E S R SQ RIM T N area of exceptional architectural and S C I EARL RO T HIS ST S H WELL S F E S E C S T T A B E E G N A urban heritage, the centre’s triangular L O S U S T N S Barbican D L S I 14 T A P plan evolved from analysis of pedestrian E M R E T SI OP S T LK E E R M T ST A E KE N R A S L R A O T flows. Its folded metallic envelope is clad S NG 13 ST S G L LO G I N U S W A R S in stainless steel panels, and the sloping D L T E O I E N F E O roof facilitates the collection of rainwater W R E A UN O ION T L S O 15 T M S R M EL A to irrigate plants. It won the New City FO O DO T RE O N S FINSB ST G T M U RY S Architecture Award 2007, the RIBA P 12 O Architectural Excellence Award in 2009 T H C S Street I R D LI S L O N D O N W A L L C L V E I U S E R P and the Civic Trust Award for Greater I O B 11 L F OL 10 O N M 9 D O S D Alderm O L T N B London Region in 2009. The structure was N T Sq WA A S L E

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U G S T L’ R NHALL S ’S E LEADE C B CORNHIL L H URCHYARD W N Bank ATLIN E 22 G E ST T T S S 1 U RIA Q O T L E VIC OM 21 N K B M EE A I U I T Q K N R L A D S O 29 L G S O S ’ T H R W 24 T N C S B I H I R H L T L C I U R A L U I H H 28 W A N C W S C E M F F T E E N Mansion S C C HU S R C The has House A H S T Walking Walking T R C G 27 A N A N O 23 L E N T ST always been a centre of D route route A Cannon G Street O W O

O HILL R Start Finish D E A STCHE groundbreaking architecture. U P A P P E R T As a world leader in business H A A M L E S S iv W O S L T and finance, the City has to L

A 26 H L L 25 O L W E A R continually adapt to changing T H A M E S needs – combining the best of the S T

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B over the centuries many of its buildings N O i D Temple Bar N O have become icons not just of London L At the south entrance but of the country as a whole. to Paternoster Square is this 350 year-old 2 monument. One of Paternoster Square (2000) This route has been devised to take you eight gates through Paternoster Square was redeveloped to through the City and explore some of the which people and create an appropriate setting for St Paul’s. traffic had to pass After a series of stop-start plans in the late latest developments in architecture. to enter the City, 1980s and early 1990s, Sir William Whitfield was From start to finish the walk will take about it was removed in 1878 because of brought in to masterplan the site, along with 90 minutes at an average walking pace. You congestion but architects including Richard MacCormac, can also dip in and out of sections of the route returned to its new , Allies and Morrison, and Michael City location in 2004. as many buildings are grouped closely together. Hopkins. The area now houses a selection of shops and restaurants, as well as the . The buildings chosen are just a sample of the many architecturally fascinating buildings you Merrill Lynch, Newgate Street (2001) 3 can see in the City. For a more comprehensive list Acclaimed as a significant architectural and fuller descriptions of each go to contribution to the City, this has provided www.visitthecity.co.uk/architecture Merrill Lynch with high quality office space, ii St Paul’s Cathedral The current cathedral, the fourth to occupy this site, was designed by Sir and built between 1675 and 1710. As well as a spiritual One New Change (2010) 5 focus for the nation A new mixed-use scheme of office it has also become an icon of London. accommodation and retail space by architect Jean Nouvel, this is a significant addition to the City's landscape and a major part of the retail expansion ongoing on . The building’s glass exterior is an attempt to echo the surrounding Portland Paternoster Square stone and brick façades. It has a gradual and two of Europe’s largest trading floors. change in density from clear to opaque, with The site is Grade II listed and includes four 22 different colours and more than 250 Scheduled Ancient Monuments, three different patterns. There are more than 6,300 major street frontages, three conservation glass panels of different sizes and shapes, with areas, and an operational post office railway One Wood Street 4,300 individually unique pieces of glass. Merrill Lynch, system. It was designed by Swanke Hayden 6 Newgate Street Connell Architects. One Wood Street (2007) Fletcher Priest Architects’ mixed-use scheme boasts a courtyard with grass and cherry trees. It features a dramatic lattice Portland stone façade, ‘pavilion style’ executive floor and two roof terraces to allow workers to gaze at St Paul’s. It sits opposite the oldest 10 Gresham Street tree in the City.

10 Gresham Street (2003) 7 The design includes 18m column free spans and full height glazing which provide great interior flexibility, whether for trading, open plan or cellular layouts. The building occupies an island site – a comparatively rare phenomenon in the City where land is scarce. This has created a new urban space for 150 Cheapside (2009) 4 100 Wood Street pedestrians, with a walkway, fountain and This landmark office development, designed retail building adding to 150 Cheapside by Michael Aukett Architects, is a amenities. It was designed by contemporary design of glass, aluminium architects Foster + Partners. and traditional Portland stone. It has been designed to blend with the historical buildings 100 Wood Street (2000) 8 around it, and the curve of the main Designed by Foster + Partners, elevation has been generated by the sweep the east façade is clad in a of the road line from Cheapside into simple arrangement of St Martins Le Grand. alternating Portland stone and glass, and a curved roof features alternating and transparent panels. On the other side, a great curved glass scoop with leaning steel columns brings light into the building, and frames the former churchyard 88 Wood Street of St Mary Staining.

One Coleman Street sometimes it almost disappears into the sky, sometimes it appears as a dark and very visible ‘hat’. It won the Concrete Centre’s Award for Sustainability in 2007 because it used a very high percentage of recycled materials.

Moorhouse (2004) 12 88 Wood Street (1999) 9 A Foster + Partners-designed Designed by the Partnership, 19-storey office building, Moorhouse this has three linked blocks of office is situated on a prominent island site accommodation that step up from eight and features a curvaceous façade storeys on Wood Street, to 18 storeys to the and an offset grid pattern to the west. Ultra-clear, low-iron glazing has been side façades. It also rises up from a used for most of the building’s façades. The two storey retail plaza. The curves 5 Aldermanbury glass’s extraordinary level of transparency draw the visitor into what is an Square allows internal elements, such as lift impressive reception, boasting 10m shafts and stairwells, to be displayed to high walls. Moorhouse also has the dramatic effect. deepest foundations in London. Moorhouse 5 Aldermanbury Square (2007) 10 Citypoint (2001) 13 This 18-storey commercial office building As the first in a series of developments draws together Wood Street and shaping the area on which it sits, Citypoint Aldermanbury Square. It creates a new marks the City of London’s northern fringe. public space and links to a pedestrian route The distinctive, highly glazed , with at ground level which connects to the its trademark upper ‘crown’ and restaurants Barbican Highwalk. The building is composed and bars at ground level, was designed by of stacking and weaving stainless steel Sheppard Robson. It is one of the tallest elements, while the ground floor materials buildings in the City along with 42, Wood Street iii Police Station have a more geological character: granite, and 30 . This was designed concrete and water, over which the steel Citypoint by McMorran framed building is ‘perched’. Designed by Ropemaker Place (2009) 14 & Whitby. They Eric Parry Architects, it was shortlisted for the Arup Associates has designed a tall section produced durable buildings with a RIBA in 2009. and series of ‘step-backs’ with four roof respect for context, gardens creating eco-terraces and an but avoided any One Coleman Street (2008) 11 atrium bringing in more light. It features accusation of Designed by David Walker Architects, this cladding of tilted, projecting indigo-hued unimaginatively reproducing the has a strong repeating pattern and deep windows. These change as the sun’s position past. Theirs was window reveals. The subtle angles of the moves but will also help reduce energy a progressive concrete create a varied composition required for cooling and alter the exterior’s classicism full of topped with a stainless steel crown whose ‘canvas’. It won the Estates Gazette’s invention and beauty. reflective surface changes with the light: Green Building of the Year Award. Ropemaker Place tower expresses its structural engineering on its façade, with the A frames visible along steel and glass frontages.

Heron Tower (2011) 17 Designed by KPF architects, this 46-storey building stretches 230m into the skyline. The tower will be the tallest in the City and will provide 36 storeys of office space with a restaurant and skybar on levels 38-40. Heron Plaza will further incorporate (1985) 15 new public spaces and a This was developed in the network of squares and 1980s to offer prestigious gardens to create new green office buildings with large, space in the City’s heart. flexible floor plates. It Heron Tower provides high specification The Pinnacle (2013) 18 lobbies, atriums and Designed by Kohn Pederson Fox Associates, façades as well as open this tower on has also been spaces to relax in. First dubbed ‘The Helter Skelter’. Standing at phases were designed by 288m tall, it will form a distinctive spiral Arup Associates with Peter created by the glass exterior wrapping Foggo; the latter by SOM. around itself and forming a twisting flick Broadgate shape at the peak. Its tapered geometry The (2009) 16 comprises inwardly inclined planar surfaces, This 165m tower, designed by architects SOM, which are linked by conical has become a new landmark. Significant surfaces. The upper floors will investment has been made in landscaping contain restaurants and viewing the surrounding area, including the creation decks – the highest observation of a large plaza to the front. The 35-storey gallery in the country on opening – accessible to the public.

30 St Mary Axe (2003) 19 Known as ‘The Gherkin’, this has become an instantly recognisable addition to the City’s skyline. The building has a circular plan, widens in profile as it rises and tapers towards its The Pinnacle

The Broadgate Tower

30 St Mary Axe apex. This distinctive form responds to the The Lloyd’s Building (1986) 22 constraints of the site: it appears more Richard Rogers’ famous ‘high slender than a rectangular block of tech’ modernist icon expresses its equivalent size, and the slimming of its profile structure and exposed services towards the base maximises the public realm on the outside, freeing up the at ground level. At the top, some 180m high, interior. The building consists of a restaurant and hospitality area offers three main towers and three 360º views of London. Designed by Foster + service towers around a central Partners, it won the RIBA Stirling Prize in 2004. rectangular space. Revolutionary as it was, the Lloyd’s Building still Leadenhall Building (2013) 20 succeeded in complementing This site is to become home for a new tower the City’s existing architecture. designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, Stroll down Leadenhall and take with a distinctive tapering form designed to time to look at the classic protect views of St Paul’s Cathedral. The archway framing the Lloyd’s triangular shape led it to be called ‘cheese- futuristic elevation. grater’. Rectangular floor plates will be The Lloyd’s Building Leadenhall Building unencumbered by internal columns and the 20 (2013) 23 building’s services are contained in a separate The new 155m tower will have its largest structural element to maximise net floor space. floorplates at its summit, not its base. Designed The base will form a six-storey public space by architect, Raphael Viñoly, it will incorporate with shops, cafes and restaurants. office accommodation, retail, a café and a publicly accessible Sky Garden over three The (2008) 21 floors. The garden will be the highest public This was designed by Foster + Partners, park in London with an outside roof terrace, The Willis Building with a striking 28-storey tower and a series of gardens, restaurant and a 360º panorama overlapping curved shells, in plan resembling of London. the shape of a fish tail. The tower reduces in width and height as it curls towards the east down to six storeys at its lowest point. The lower podium building incorporates a central atrium as well as a roof terrace and roof top pavilion.

20 Fenchurch Street 20 (1992) 24 This 19-storey Art Deco-inspired building, 20 Gracechurch St formerly known as 54 Lombard Street, was originally the headquarters of and designed by GMW Architects. It was Three iconic refurbished by ORMS in 2009 and features a buildings in new four-storey stone façade and retail one area – The space at ground and basement levels. Lloyd’s Building, 30 St Mary Axe and The facelift also saw the addition of an The Willis Building urban courtyard and new entrance. Riverbank House (2010) 25 Riverbank House, designed by David Walker Architects, is an excellent example of Walker’s striking but light-touch architecture. The tapering balconies with their striking yellow undersides provide an interest and excitement to what might otherwise be a rather ordinary structure. Riverbank House

Watermark Place

The The Walbrook (2010) 28 Designed by Foster + Partners, this provides trading floors and office accommodation over 10 floors and around two atria. Retail accommodation has been provided along iv The Monument the frontage. The building’s Sir Christopher Wren’s curves and distinctive cladding create a flame-topped ripple effect. monument to the New Court Great Fire of 1666 29 is the tallest isolated New Court (2010) stone column in This is the first scheme to be built in the UK the world. Built in by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Rem 1677 the Monument 26 stands 202 ft high Watermark Place (2010) Koolhaas. It is made up of a central cube of and is positioned This includes the largest area of open 10 efficient and flexible open-plan office 202 ft from the spot space in the City. Fletcher Priest floors, with a landscaped roof garden and in on Architects have designed high performance outdoor meeting areas. The central cube has which the Great Fire is believed to have glazing so tenants can make the most of the a distinctive repeated pattern of structural started. Every year, views – dot matrix glass with a palette of steel columns embedded in the façade. over 100,000 visitors colours from a pixellated image of the water climb the 311 creates a dappled façade. At lower levels, Bow Bells House (2007) 30 spiral steps to the Monument’s the waterside buildings have clear glass Bow Bells House Designed by David Walker in association observation gallery cladding protected by a massive five storey with HOK, this takes its name to enjoy views across timber structure redolent of historic wharf from St Mary le Bow church. the capital. structures and responsive timber louvres. It incorporates Portland Cannon Place stonework, treated as smooth Cannon Place (2011) 27 planes of masonry, into which Designed by Foggo large-scale windows are deeply Associates, this office set. At the upper levels, projecting building above Cannon white glass fins provide shading to Street station is the interior and give a vertical conceived as a smooth- counter-point to larger, horizontal skinned bubble with part proportions of the projecting spherical corners. On the ‘cassettes’ (a ventilated cavity ground level will be a feature) below. dramatic new station forecourt. The steel mega-structure’s spans We hope this has given you some insight into the variety and cantilevers will of exciting modern architecture on display in the City. minimise the impact on This has been just a taste – more detail is available from the the Scheduled Ancient City Information Centre opposite St Paul's Cathedral or at Monument of the Roman www.visitthecity.co.uk/architecture Governor’s Palace below.