DOCSLIB.ORG

Glossary of Technical Terms Butsudan 仏壇 Buddhist Altars Found in the Home

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Glossary of Technical Terms Butsudan 仏壇 Buddhist Altars Found in the Home Glossary of Technical Terms butsudan 仏壇 Buddhist altars found in the home. daikon 大根 The giant radish, often carved into a phallic symbol. dankei 男莖 The word for phallus in its first mention in the Kogoshūi. dankon 男根 A penis or phallus. dogū 土偶 Ceramic figurines from the Jōmon Period. dōsojin 道祖神 Guardian gods placed at the wayside or by rice fields. ema 絵馬 Small painted wooden prayer boards left at shrines. engidana 縁起棚 A smaller version of the kamidana. engimono 縁起物 Objects placed on an engidana. gohei 御幣 The ritual ‘wand’ used by Shintō priests. gongen 権現 An avatar. goshintai 御神体 The ‘body of the god’ that is the central focus of a shrine. haiden 拝殿 The worship hall of a shrine that accommodates believers. haniwa はにわ Clay images from burial mounds. hibutsu 秘仏 ‘Hidden Buddhas’: concealed religious images. hihōkan 秘宝館 An elaborate and commercialised version of a sex museum. hokora 祠 A small Shintō shrine, often a sub-shrine of another. honden 本殿 The main building of a Shintō shrine. inau イナウ The worship sticks of the Ainu akin to a gohei. inkei 陰茎 The penis. in’yōseki 陰陽石 Paired male and female sexual stones of yin and yang. in’yōwagō 陰陽和合 The harmonious union of yin and yang. ishigami 石神 A general term for a god represented in stone. jingu 神宮 A prestigious shrine, often with imperial connections. jinja 神社 A Shintō shrine. join 女陰 Female genitalia. kami 神 The deities of Shintō. kamidana 神棚 A household god-shelf. kofun 古墳 Burial mounds c. 300–500. kongō 金剛 The vajra, a hand-held ritual implement. kōshin 庚申 The 57th position on the Chinese calendar. kōshin-tō 庚申塔 A monument erected as result of kōshin beliefs. kyokon 巨根 An abnormally large penis. mara 魔羅 The penis. matagi マタギ The traditional hunting communities of Tōhoku. matsuri 祭り A shrine festival. © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, ���5 | doi ��.��63/9789004�93786_0�4 386 Glossary of Technical Terms michi no kami 道の神 Gods of the wayside. mikoshi 御輿 The palanquin in which the kami is conveyed at a matsuri. mitama 御霊 The spirit of a kami. miya 宮 A Shintō shrine. mizuko 水子 Aborted foetuses. ofuda お札 A talismanic souvenir traditionally of printed paper. okina 翁 A masked figure representing an old man. omamori お守り Small brocade bags acting as talismanic souvenirs. onsen 温泉 Hot spring resort. robō no kami 路傍の神 Gods of the wayside. sai no kami 塞の神 Blocking or guardian deities. sai no kami 幸の神 Gods of good fortune, happiness or harvest yield. seishin 性神 Sexual gods. sekibō 石棒 Stone rods or bars from the Jōmon Period of a phallic shape. sekitō 石刀 Single-edged stone sword-like versions of sekibō. sekkan 石冠 Stone ‘crowns’, prehistoric phallic and ktenic carvings. sekken 石剣 Stone sword-like versions of sekibō. shinbutsu bunri 神仏分離 The separation of kami and Buddhas. shinbutsu shūgō 神仏習合 The cooperation between kami and Buddhas. shintai 神体 See goshintai. Shintō 神道 ‘The way of the gods’, regarded as Japan’s indige- nous religion. shunga 春画 Erotic pictures and books. sōtei dōsojin 双体道祖神 Human couple dōsojin, the most common variety. tanuki 狸 The symbolic badger, actually a raccoon dog. tengu 天狗 A goblin of the forest. torii 鳥居 A Shintō shrine gateway. warai-e 笑い絵 Laughter pictures, another word for shunga. yashiro 社 A Shintō shrine. yorishiro 依代 A residence for a kami. zushi 厨子 A small shrine made to contain a hibutsu..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Shinto Ritual Building Practices
    Shinto Ritual Building Practices Philip E. Harding History of Art 681 The Ohio State University Shinto, the native religion of Japan, is a very diverse tradition yet one unified by certain ritual practices. Roughly speaking, Shinto can be divided into “folk Shinto” and “shrine Shinto,” but even within these divisions can be found considerable diversity. Every village has its own local traditions that operate independently from, yet related to the shrine tradition. (The folk activities take place on land owned by the shrine.) Within the shrine system there is also diversity, and today we can readily identify at least eighteen separate cults, each with its own style of shrine building1. Within Japan’s own official histories the shrine tradition, particularly the Imperial shrine tradition, has been given the most attention. This tradition experienced continental influences from China and was the one with which the Japanese upper class identified itself. Japan’s folk traditions, practiced in the locale where they first evolved, have largely gone without reference in Japan’s history of art and architecture. Both traditions, however, embrace many related themes and practices. One can find formal dualities expressed in the design of the folk forms and layouts of shrine buildings, as well as some shared motifs such as a “heart pillar.” Most significantly, both traditions periodically build and re-build sacred structures so that the particular built forms are simultaneously ephemeral and enduring – sharing in a kind of temporal immortality. These periodic rebuilding practices serve to reinforce cultural memory and place individuals into the larger stream of sacred time which transcends the temporal, constantly changing world of mortal time.
    [Show full text]
  • The Otaku Phenomenon : Pop Culture, Fandom, and Religiosity in Contemporary Japan
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2017 The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan. Kendra Nicole Sheehan University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, Japanese Studies Commons, and the Other Religion Commons Recommended Citation Sheehan, Kendra Nicole, "The otaku phenomenon : pop culture, fandom, and religiosity in contemporary Japan." (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2850. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2850 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Humanities Department of Humanities University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky December 2017 Copyright 2017 by Kendra Nicole Sheehan All rights reserved THE OTAKU PHENOMENON: POP CULTURE, FANDOM, AND RELIGIOSITY IN CONTEMPORARY JAPAN By Kendra Nicole Sheehan B.A., University of Louisville, 2010 M.A., University of Louisville, 2012 A Dissertation Approved on November 17, 2017 by the following Dissertation Committee: __________________________________ Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Producing Place, Tradition and the Gods: Mt. Togakushi, Thirteenth through Mid-Nineteenth Centuries Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90w6w5wz Author Carter, Caleb Swift Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Producing Place, Tradition and the Gods: Mt. Togakushi, Thirteenth through Mid-Nineteenth Centuries A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Asian Languages and Cultures by Caleb Swift Carter 2014 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Producing Place, Tradition and the Gods: Mt. Togakushi, Thirteenth through Mid-Nineteenth Centuries by Caleb Swift Carter Doctor of Philosophy in Asian Languages and Cultures University of California, Los Angeles, 2014 Professor William M. Bodiford, Chair This dissertation considers two intersecting aspects of premodern Japanese religions: the development of mountain-based religious systems and the formation of numinous sites. The first aspect focuses in particular on the historical emergence of a mountain religious school in Japan known as Shugendō. While previous scholarship often categorizes Shugendō as a form of folk religion, this designation tends to situate the school in overly broad terms that neglect its historical and regional stages of formation. In contrast, this project examines Shugendō through the investigation of a single site. Through a close reading of textual, epigraphical, and visual sources from Mt. Togakushi (in present-day Nagano Ken), I trace the development of Shugendō and other religious trends from roughly the thirteenth through mid-nineteenth centuries. This study further differs from previous research insofar as it analyzes Shugendō as a concrete system of practices, doctrines, members, institutions, and identities.
    [Show full text]
  • SHINTŌ: EL CAMINO DEL CORAZÓN ‘Conciencia Mítica En El Japón Contemporáneo’
    UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades Departamento de Ciencias Históricas SHINTŌ: EL CAMINO DEL CORAZÓN ‘Conciencia Mítica en el Japón Contemporáneo’ Informe de Seminario de Grado: Mito, Religión y Cultura para optar al grado de Licenciada en Historia : ISABEL MARGARITA CABAÑA ROJAS PROFESOR GUÍA: JAIME MORENO GARRIDO Santiago, Chile 2008 AGRADECIMIENTOS . 4 I.-INTRODUCCIÓN . 5 Marco Teórico . 6 II.-DESARROLLO . 12 1. Conciencia Mítica y Shintō. 12 a) Conciencia Mítica según Georges Gusdorf . 12 b) Características Generales del Shintō . 14 c) Shintō y Mito . 18 2. Período Pre-Meiji . 24 a) Japón, Cultura agrícola . 24 b) Cultura China y Budismo . 27 c) Contactos con Occidente . 30 3. Período Post-Meiji . 32 a) La Apertura Económica . 33 b) El Shintō Estatal . 34 c) Después de 1945 . 36 III. CONCLUSIONES . 41 BIBLIOGRAFÍA . 43 LIBROS . 43 ARTÍCULOS . 44 ANEXO 1: MAPAS . 46 ANEXO 2: EJEMPLOS DE MATSURI . 48 ANEXO 3 : SANTUARIO DE ISE . 50 ANEXO 4 : JŌMON . 52 ANEXO 5 : KOFUN . 55 ANEXO 6 :KAN-NAME-SAI . 57 ANEXO 7 :HŌNEN MATSURI . 58 SHINTŌ: EL CAMINO DEL CORAZÓN AGRADECIMIENTOS En primer lugar, quisiera agradecer a mis padres, Carlos y María Elena. El tema de este informe llegó a mí muy similar a una epifanía. El marco general estaba, pero no podía encontrar aquello que hiciera sentido en mí como esperaba que sucediera, hasta que vi en el Mito lo que faltaba al rompecabezas. La libertad que sentí de poder darme el tiempo de buscar lo que anhelaba como objeto de estudio, de haber podido estudiar lo que quería, y de cultivar esta inquietud que ya me acompaña desde hace diez años, y que con paciencia entendieron, se los debo a ellos.
    [Show full text]
  • Yasukuni and the Aesthetics and Ideology of Kobayashi Yoshinori's
    Volume 11 | Issue 47 | Number 7 | Article ID 4031 | Nov 22, 2013 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Revisioning a Japanese Spiritual Recovery through Manga: Yasukuni and the Aesthetics and Ideology of Kobayashi Yoshinori’s “Gomanism” James Shields – Kato Etsuro, “Shin rinen manga no giho” (Techniques for a New Manga), 1942 Send to Kindle Yasukuni Shrine is the final stronghold in defence of the history, spirit, and culture of Japan. Summary – Kobayashi Yoshinori, Yasukuniron, 2005 This essay provides a critical analysis of the aesthetic ideology of “Gomanism” in the manga In 1992, just as Japan’s economic bubble was in of Kobayashi Yoshinori (b. 1953), particularly process of bursting, a series of manga began to Yasukuniron (On Yasukuni, 2005) and Tennoron appear in the weekly Japanese tabloidSPA! (On the Emperor, 2009), in order to flesh out under the title Gomanism sengen (Haughtiness the implications of the author’s “revisionist” or Insolence Manifesto).2 Authored by approach to Japanese religion, politics and Kobayashi Yoshinori (b. 1953), this series history blurred the line between manga and graphic novel to engage in forthright social and political commentary with an unabashedly nationalistic slant. Over the following two decades, Kobayashi and his works have become a publishing phenomenon. As of 2013, there are over thirty volumes of Gomanism (and Neo- Gomanism) manga, including several “special editions”—such as the best-sellingShin gomanizumu sengen special: Sensoron(Neo- Gomanism Manifesto Special: On War, 1998) and, more recently,Gomanizumu sengen special: Tennoron (Gomanism Manifesto Special: On the Emperor, 2009)—that have caused controversy and even international criticism for their revisionist portrayal of [Figure 1] modern Japanese history.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Nevada, Reno American Shinto Community of Practice
    University of Nevada, Reno American Shinto Community of Practice: Community formation outside original context A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology By Craig E. Rodrigue Jr. Dr. Erin E. Stiles/Thesis Advisor May, 2017 THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by CRAIG E. RODRIGUE JR. Entitled American Shinto Community Of Practice: Community Formation Outside Original Context be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Erin E. Stiles, Advisor Jenanne K. Ferguson, Committee Member Meredith Oda, Graduate School Representative David W. Zeh, Ph.D., Dean, Graduate School May, 2017 i Abstract Shinto is a native Japanese religion with a history that goes back thousands of years. Because of its close ties to Japanese culture, and Shinto’s strong emphasis on place in its practice, it does not seem to be the kind of religion that would migrate to other areas of the world and convert new practitioners. However, not only are there examples of Shinto being practiced outside of Japan, the people doing the practice are not always of Japanese heritage. The Tsubaki Grand Shrine of America is one of the only fully functional Shinto shrines in the United States and is run by the first non-Japanese Shinto priest. This thesis looks at the community of practice that surrounds this American shrine and examines how membership is negotiated through action. There are three main practices that form the larger community: language use, rituals, and Aikido. Through participation in these activities members engage with an American Shinto community of practice.
    [Show full text]
  • By \O-Icniro Hakomori，Hiroyuki Nagahara，Herbert Plutschow. UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History，Textile Series, No. 6. L
    BOOK REVIEWS 331 ing and accompaniment (“Hagoromo”)，and two pieces from the classical shakuhachi reper­ tory (“Kokd” and “Tsuru no sugomori”）perhaps played by Higuchi Taizan. Recordings such as the ones reissued on this CD are perhaps not of sufficiently high quality to allow one to lie back in the easy chair and partake in sheer aesthetic delight, but for the scholars or other listeners who wish to make good use of their facility of imagination these wax cylinders are real treasures. The explanatory notes by Ingrid Fritsch, well known for her outstanding work on Japanese shakuhachi music and the various groups of Japanese blind musicians, are a model of what such work can be. The engineers, too, have done more than one might expect, providing faithful reproductions of antiquated sources that now stand a good chance of survival.A further publication of the Japan collection of Lachmann (1924—1925) and Schiinemann (1924) has been announced. An additional ten years of tech­ nological development no doubt meant far more then than it does now and I look forward to hearing what has so long remained tantalizing but out of reach. REFERENCES CITED G roemer, Gerald 1999 The Arts of the Gannin. Asian Folklore Studies, 53: 275-320. Yomigaeru Opp吹epee: 1900-nen Pari-banpal^u no Kawahami ichiza, CD, Toshiba EMI, TOCG 5432 (1997). Gerald GROEMER Yamanashi University Kofu, Japan Gonick, G loria Ganz. Matsuri! Japanese Festival Arts. With contributions by \o-icniro Hakomori，Hiroyuki Nagahara，Herbert Plutschow. UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History，Textile Series, No. 6. Los Angeles: UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History，2003.
    [Show full text]
  • The Making of an American Shinto Community
    THE MAKING OF AN AMERICAN SHINTO COMMUNITY By SARAH SPAID ISHIDA A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2008 1 © 2007 Sarah Spaid Ishida 2 To my brother, Travis 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people assisted in the production of this project. I would like to express my thanks to the many wonderful professors who I have learned from both at Wittenberg University and at the University of Florida, specifically the members of my thesis committee, Dr. Mario Poceski and Dr. Jason Neelis. For their time, advice and assistance, I would like to thank Dr. Travis Smith, Dr. Manuel Vásquez, Eleanor Finnegan, and Phillip Green. I would also like to thank Annie Newman for her continued help and efforts, David Hickey who assisted me in my research, and Paul Gomes III of the University of Hawai’i for volunteering his research to me. Additionally I want to thank all of my friends at the University of Florida and my husband, Kyohei, for their companionship, understanding, and late-night counseling. Lastly and most importantly, I would like to extend a sincere thanks to the Shinto community of the Tsubaki Grand Shrine of America and Reverend Koichi Barrish. Without them, this would not have been possible. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................4 ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • A POPULAR DICTIONARY of Shinto
    A POPULAR DICTIONARY OF Shinto A POPULAR DICTIONARY OF Shinto BRIAN BOCKING Curzon First published by Curzon Press 15 The Quadrant, Richmond Surrey, TW9 1BP This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.” Copyright © 1995 by Brian Bocking Revised edition 1997 Cover photograph by Sharon Hoogstraten Cover design by Kim Bartko All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-203-98627-X Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-7007-1051-5 (Print Edition) To Shelagh INTRODUCTION How to use this dictionary A Popular Dictionary of Shintō lists in alphabetical order more than a thousand terms relating to Shintō. Almost all are Japanese terms. The dictionary can be used in the ordinary way if the Shintō term you want to look up is already in Japanese (e.g. kami rather than ‘deity’) and has a main entry in the dictionary. If, as is very likely, the concept or word you want is in English such as ‘pollution’, ‘children’, ‘shrine’, etc., or perhaps a place-name like ‘Kyōto’ or ‘Akita’ which does not have a main entry, then consult the comprehensive Thematic Index of English and Japanese terms at the end of the Dictionary first.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Events in Japan Page 1 / 6
    ANNUAL EVENTS IN JAPAN PAGE 1 / 6 Practical Travel Guide - 805 ANNUAL EVENTS IN JAPAN Japan is a land of many festivals. In cities, large and small, as well trip to Japan, you have an opportunity of enjoying a goodly num- as in rural districts, colorful rites and merrymaking—some of ber of these celebrations. And, joining the joyful throng, you will religious significance and others to honor historical personages actually feel the pages of Japanese history being turned back and or occasions—are held throughout the four seasons. will experience the pleasant thrill of peeking into the nation’s No matter what month of the year you may choose for your ancient culture and traditions. Date Event & Site Remarks JANUARY 1st New Year’s Day New Year’s Day, the “festival of the festivals” in Japan, is celebrated with solemnity (national holiday) and yet in a joyful mood. The streets are gay with New Year decorations of pine and plum branches, bamboo stalks and ropes with paper festoons. People pay hom- age to shrines and visit friends and relatives to exchange greetings. 3rd Tamaseseri or Ball-Catching The main attraction of this festival is a struggle between two groups of youths to Festival, Hakozakigu Shrine, catch a sacred wooden ball, which is believed to bring good luck to the winning Fukuoka City team for the year. 6th Dezome-shiki or New Year The parade takes place in Tokyo Big Sight. Agile firemen in traditional attire per- Parade of Firemen, Tokyo form acrobatic stunts on top of tall bamboo ladders.
    [Show full text]
  • The Japanese House
    THE JAPANESE HOUSE Or, why the Western architect has difficulties to understand it. Harmonious space and the Archetype of polar space The traditional Japanese dwelling and the Western concept of 'general human needs' - a comparative view in the framework of cultural anthropology By Nold Egenter Introduction Any western architect who intends to design a house or an apartment basically will start from assumption of 'the primary human needs' of the future inhabitants. Essentially three components define our western concept of primary needs. First there are physical parameters, the measurements of the human body. Neufert has presented these aspects in great detail. Further there are physiological conditions, e.g. the need for protection of various kinds: sufficient light and air, hygiene etc. Finally, a standardised behaviour is assumed, requiring sufficient space for moving, working, eating, ablutions, leisure etc. In this context space is considered as a three dimensional, basically homogeneous and neutral condition. Depending on the given conditions, the program of walls and openings, installations and surfaces for movement, fittings and functional places designed by the architect, will be set relatively freely into this homogeneously conceived space. Several years ago a study of the European Community concluded that the Japanese live in "rabbit cages". The study was based essentially on statistical research which showed that the average dwelling space for a family in urban agglomerations hardly amounts to 40 square meters. Great astonishment!
    [Show full text]
  • Alma M. Karlin's Visits to Temples and Shrines in Japan
    ALMA M. KARLIN’S VISITS TO TEMPLES AND SHRINES IN JAPAN Chikako Shigemori Bučar Introduction Alma M. Karlin (1889-1950), born in Celje, went on a journey around the world between 1919 and 1928, and stayed in Japan for a lit- tle more than a year, from June 1922 to July 1923. There is a large col- lection of postcards from her journey archived in the Regional Museum of Celje. Among them are quite a number of postcards from Japan (528 pieces), and among these, about 100 of temples and shrines, including tombs of emperors and other historical persons - i.e., postcards related to religions and folk traditions of Japan. Karlin almost always wrote on the reverse of these postcards some lines of explanation about each picture in German. On the other hand, the Japanese part of her trav- elogue is very short, only about 40 pages of 700. (Einsame Weltreise / Im Banne der Südsee, both published in Germany in 1930). In order to understand Alma Karlin’s observation and interpretation of matters related to religions in Japan and beliefs of Japanese people, we depend on her memos on the postcards and her rather subjective impressions in her travelogue. This paper presents facts on the religious sights which Karlin is thought to have visited, and an analysis of Karlin’s understand- ing and interpretation of the Japanese religious life based on her memos on the postcards and the Japanese part of her travelogue. In the following section, Alma Karlin and her journey around the world are briefly presented, with a specific focus on the year of her stay in Japan, 1922-1923.
    [Show full text]