Mystery Babylon the Religion of the Beast
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Las Manifestaciones Religiosas En El Conventus Emeritensis (Parte Española) a Través De Los Documentos Epigráficos
Acta Palaeohispanica IX Palaeohispanica 5, (2005), pp. 709-720 LAS MANIFESTACIONES RELIGIOSAS EN EL CONVENTUS EMERITENSIS (PARTE ESPAÑOLA) A TRAVÉS DE LOS DOCUMENTOS EPIGRÁFICOS M.ª Luz Barberarena Para controlar el territorio conquistado, Roma necesitaba articularlo a través núcleos urbanos de los que éste dependía jurídica y administra- tivamente, por lo que la ciudad actuó como fuente de romanización del mismo. Las ciudades estudiadas para este trabajo han sido trece: Augusta Emerita, Augustobriga, Bletisa(ma), Caesarobriga, Capera, Caurium, Lacimurga/Lacinimurga, Metellinum, Mirobriga, Norba Caesarina, Obila, Salmantica y Turgalium.1 PANORÁMICA RELIGIOSA DEL CONVENTUS EMERITENSIS Si observamos la distribución de la epigrafía votiva del conventus Emeritensis, comprobamos que hay tres niveles en cuanto a la cantidad de epígrafes conservados en cada entidad urbana. En un primer nivel estarían Augusta Emerita, Capera, Norba Caesarina y Turgalium, enti- 1 Sobre el estatuto jurídico de estas ciudades: Le Roux (1990); García y Bellido (1959), Pintado (2002). Hemos excluido Lancia Oppidana por las dudas que subsisten acerca de su ubicación. Para Alarcâo la mayor parte de su territorio correspondería a España, mientras que el de Lancia Transcudana correspondería a Portugal (Alarcâo (1990), p. 29). Sin embargo sobre el núcleo urbano sigue habiendo discrepancias, pues mientras que para Hurtado de San Antonio estaría en la zona de Valverde del Fresno (Cáceres) (Hurtado de San Antonio (1976), pp. 610-612), para Roldán estaría en algún lugar de Portugal, que no precisa (Roldán Hervás (1968-1969), p. 88). En cualquier caso, como hemos recogido toda la epigrafía de la provincia de Cáceres, si Lancia Oppidana estuviera en España su documentación queda estudiada dentro del territorium de Caurium. -
Celtic Religions DATED: 17/05/2017
MODULE CODE: HPCS4006 TITLE: Celtic Religions DATED: 17/05/2017 LEVEL: 4 CREDITS: 20 JACS CODE: Q500 AIM(S) To enable students to understand, and analyse the evidence for religious concepts and habitual practices in ‘Celtic-speaking’ regions across Europe between the 5th century BC and the 4th century AD To enable students to understand and engage with scholarly approaches to the study of rituals and religions in the ancient Celtic world To chart and analyse unity and diversity of religious concepts and practices in the ancient Celtic world LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon the successful completion of this module, the student should: display an understanding of and be able to analyse the diverse types of surviving evidence for Celtic religious activity between the 5th century BC and the 4th century AD; demonstrate a coherent knowledge of specific Celtic ‘religions’ and their religious ideas and practices; demonstrate a good understanding of the historical, social, political and religious contexts of Celtic religions, and how these affect our interpretation of religious practices and ideas; engage with modern scholarly approaches to Celtic religions and rituals, and relate this engagement to independent evaluations of the habitual and ritual practices of ancient religions, their thought-systems and their role(s) in ancient societies from the 5th century BC to the 4th century AD. INDICATIVE CONTENT Greek and Roman authors have painted a vivid picture of ‘Celtic religion’ in antiquity ever since their first encounter with ethnic groups whom they collectively called Keltoi or Galli. Classical works like Caesar’s ‘De Bello Gallico’ (Gallic Wars) are the source of our knowledge of Celtic religious practices, of priesthoods like the druids, and of the alleged human sacrifice practiced in Celtic societies. -
Sūduvių Knygelės Nuorašų Formalioji Analizė Bei Analitinė Eksplikacija1
Archivum Lithuanicum 20, 2018 ISSN 1392-737X, p. 89– 124 Rolandas Kregždys Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas, Vilnius Sūduvių knygelės nuorašų formalioji analizė bei analitinė eksplikacija1 Pro captu lectoris habent ſua fata libelli terentianus maurus, De litteris syllabis pedibus et metris, cap. ii.1286 0. etnomitoloGinio ŠALTINIO publiKAVIMO problema Wil- Helmo mannHardto veiKale LETTO-PREUSSISCHE GÖTTERLEHRE. Sūduvių knygelė (toliau – SK) yra sutartinis keliais rankraščių variantais, o vėliau ir spausdin- tomis knygelėmis, platintų žinių apie sūduvius šaltinio pavadinimas. tai viena iš dviejų vakarų baltų kalbų, dar vadinama jotvingių2, šnekėjusios genties bene išsa- miausias ir svarbiausias etnokultūrinės tradicijos, užfiksuotos reformacijos laikotar- piu3, aprašas. pirmasis tokį šaltinio pavadinimą vartojo antonis mierzyńskis (1829–1907), juo įvardydamas ne SK nuorašus, bet Jeronimo maleckio (1525/1526–1583/1584) publika- ciją ir jos perspaudus: „книжку, которую для краткости назовемъ ‘Судав скою’“4 / „książeczkę, którą dla krótkości nazwijmy ‘sudawską’“5. tiesa, anksčiau menkina- mosios konotacijos lytį Büchlein ‘knygelė’ yra minėjęs mozūrų kultūros tyrėjas, folk- loristas, leidėjas ir istorikas Janas Karolis sembrzyckis (1856–1919), taip vadindamas Jeronimo maleckio leidinį6. mannhardto monografijoje Letto-Preussische Götterlehre (toliau – WMh) taip pat nurodomas identiškas įvardijimas Sudauerbüchlein7, tačiau jo autorystės priskirti šiam 1 publikacija parengta 2017–2020 m. vykdant kuršių kalbą (mažiulis 1987, 83–84; LKE 69; nacionalinės reikšmės mokslo tiriamąjį dar žr. dini 2000, 213). Jotvingiai, gyvenę projektą „mokslo monografijų ciklo Baltų pietų lietuvoje, šiaurės rytų lenkijoje bei mitologemų etimologijos žodynas II: Sūduvių vakarų baltarusijoje, išnyko nepalikę „jo- knygelė 2-ojo tomo rengimas ir leidyba“ kių rašto paminklų“ (vanagas 1987, 22). (nr. p-mip-17-4), finansuojamą lietuvos 3 plg. brauer 2008, 155. mokslo tarybos pagal veiklos kryptį 4 Мѣржинскiй 1899, 63. -
The Three-Headed One at the Crossroad: a Comparative Study of the Slavic God Triglav
The Three-Headed One at the Crossroad: A Comparative Study of the Slavic God Triglav* Jiří Dynda This paper introduces a comparative analysis combined with a historical source overview concerning a particular Slavic god: Triglav. The aim of this paper is to verify the hypothesis that Triglav was, in the cosmological perspective, a deity connecting the struc- tured layers of the world. Numerous indications from various written and archaeological sources may be drawn upon in the forming of a comprehensive picture of competences of this deity. Keywords: Triglav, tricephality, cosmology, crossroads, Indo-European comparative mythology 1. Introduction I would like to present an interpretation of western Slavic deity called Triglav. As a basis for this study, I have chosen the tricephalic nature of this deity, and I treat it both with the comparative and the historical-contextual methods. Setting the tricephality into the wider context of the Indo-European comparative mythology in correlation with a thorough analysis of our medieval sources, i.e. mostly Latin texts from medieval Po- merania and Brandenburgia from 11th to 13th centuries, can lead to the detection of some of the Triglav’s “faces” that were not much visible until now. The claimed tricephality of Triglav’s simulacrum (and, in general, the polycepha- lity of various Slavic deities) was an important issue in the long-standing scholarly dis- cussion, and the interpretation of this symbolic feature differs from scholar to scholar.1 Is the tricephality of Triglav a result of a Celtic influence? Or a Christian one? Or is there no need to search for complicated and perhaps artificial “influences”, and would much better option be to accept its genuine originality and its possible connection with the complex archaic symbolism of the number three?2 * I would like to thank to my friends and colleagues, who helped me with writing this paper during the winter of 2012: Michaela Šebetovská, Jan A. -
THE SUN, the MOON and FIRMAMENT in CHUKCHI MYTHOLOGY and on the RELATIONS of CELESTIAL BODIES and SACRIFICE Ülo Siimets
THE SUN, THE MOON AND FIRMAMENT IN CHUKCHI MYTHOLOGY AND ON THE RELATIONS OF CELESTIAL BODIES AND SACRIFICE Ülo Siimets Abstract This article gives a brief overview of the most common Chukchi myths, notions and beliefs related to celestial bodies at the end of the 19th and during the 20th century. The firmament of Chukchi world view is connected with their main source of subsistence – reindeer herding. Chukchis are one of the very few Siberian indigenous people who have preserved their religion. Similarly to many other nations, the peoples of the Far North as well as Chukchis personify the Sun, the Moon and stars. The article also points out the similarities between Chukchi notions and these of other peoples. Till now Chukchi reindeer herders seek the supposed help or influence of a constellation or planet when making important sacrifices (for example, offering sacrifices in a full moon). According to the Chukchi religion the most important celestial character is the Sun. It is spoken of as an individual being (vaúrgún). In addition to the Sun, the Creator, Dawn, Zenith, Midday and the North Star also belong to the ranks of special (superior) beings. The Moon in Chukchi mythology is a man and a being in one person. It is as the ketlja (evil spirit) of the Sun. Chukchi myths about several stars (such as the North Star and Betelgeuse) resemble to a great extent these of other peoples. Keywords: astral mythology, the Moon, sacrifices, reindeer herding, the Sun, celestial bodies, Chukchi religion, constellations. The interdependence of the Earth and celestial as well as weather phenomena has a special meaning for mankind for it is the co-exist- ence of the Sun and Moon, day and night, wind, rainfall and soil that creates life and warmth and provides the daily bread. -
Druidic Syncretism and the Four Branches
Appendix Druidic Syncretism and the Four Branches Archaeologists have sometimes described the black waters of the lower Thames as the ‘British Ganges’, alluding to the ritual depositions lavished upon it by its Iron Age and Late Bronze Age devotees. This is by no means the only comparison that might be made with the religious landscape of Hindu India. With its ‘ten thousand gods’; its elaborate calendrical systems; its sacred animals and food taboos and its adherence to the doctrine of reincarnation, the Brahmanic system offers a number of parallels with what we can ascertain about native British religious traditions from the combined testimony of the archaeological and literary evidence. Had the religious life of Iron Age Britain continued to develop in comparable isolation, we might expect something analogous to modern Hinduism to have evolved as the centuries progressed – a possibility that is enhanced by the shared Indo-European background (although the influence of local pre-Indo-European substrates in both cases should not be underestimated). One feature of the Hindu system that we can see beginning to emerge in the Gallo-Brittonic world was a marked tendency towards syncretism and public ritual, offsetting the tendency towards localism and diversity that otherwise characterised this essentially parochial religious culture. It was evidently under the auspices of an increasingly centralised druidic priesthood that certain pan-tribal cults were spread throughout the Celtic-speaking world in the Late Iron Age: notably those of Lugus (c.f. p. 498), Belenus (c.f. p. 273), Cernunnos (c.f. p. 36 n. 63), Epona (c.f. p. -
El Nombre De La Diosa Lusitana Nabia Y Elproblema Del Betacismo En Las Lenguas Indígenas Del Occidente Peninsular
El nombre de la diosa lusitana Nabia y elproblema del betacismo en las lenguas indígenas del Occidente Peninsular. Blanca Présper Universidad de Salamanca RESUMEN: La diosa Navia, nombre cuyo significado original era valle, fue objeto de adoración por parte de los habitantes del occidente peninsular en los primeros siglos de nuestra era. Este trabajo tiene como fin esclarecer algunos puntos oscuros de su denominación y expansión. SUMMAMY: A goddess Navia, wbose name is reminiscent of the lE word for valley, was adored by the Lusitania.n inhabitants ofthe westem Iberian Península. TUs workaims to clarifS¿ some previously unexplained questions about the goddes names formation and diffusion. O. El nombre de la divinidad Navia, de abundante documentación en el extremo occidente de la Península Ibérica, ha sido ya objeto de una serie de trabajos, algunos de ellos de carácter meramente epigráfico, otros con aspiración a la clasificación etimológica’. En este trabajo me limitaré a tres cuestiones básicas, a saber, la de la etimología, ¡amenos estudiada de laformación de palabras, y, sobre todo, la de la expansión geográfica del culto a Navia sobre los indicios que proporciona la alternancia entre las grafias <b> y <y>. En cambio dejaré en general de lado lo que concierne a los epítetos de esta divinidad, a menos que afecte a alguno de los apartados anteriores. Lo concerniente al contexto epigráfico de la documentación de Navia puede encontrarse en los trabajos reseñados en n. 1 y no se repetirá aquí. 1. La atribución etimológica más frecuente para el teónimo Navia es la que lo ‘N. Ares Vázquez, “Exvotos lucensesaladiosaNavia”, BCHLugo9(1985-1986) Pp. -
The Language(S) of the Callaeci Eugenio R
e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies Volume 6 The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula Article 16 5-3-2006 The Language(s) of the Callaeci Eugenio R. Luján Martinez Dept. Filología Griega y Lingüística Indoeuropea, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi Recommended Citation Luján Martinez, Eugenio R. (2006) "The Language(s) of the Callaeci," e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6 , Article 16. Available at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/16 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact open- [email protected]. The Language(s) of the Callaeci Eugenio R. Luján Martínez, Dept. Filología Griega y Lingüística Indoeuropea, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Abstract Although there is no direct extant record of the language spoken by any of the peoples of ancient Callaecia, some linguistic information can be recovered through the analysis of the names (personal names, names of deities, ethnonyms, and place-names) that occur in Latin inscriptions and in ancient Greek and Latin sources. These names prove the presence of speakers of a Celtic language in this area, but there are also names of other origins. Keywords Onomastics, place-names, Palaeohispanic languages, epigraphy, historical linguistics 1. Introduction1 In this paper I will try to provide a general overview of the linguistic situation in ancient Callaecia by analyzing the linguistic evidence provided both by the literary and the epigraphic sources available in this westernmost area of continental Europe. -
The Development of Marian Doctrine As
INTERNATIONAL MARIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON, OHIO in affiliation with the PONTIFICAL THEOLOGICAL FACULTY MARIANUM ROME, ITALY By: Elizabeth Marie Farley The Development of Marian Doctrine as Reflected in the Commentaries on the Wedding at Cana (John 2:1-5) by the Latin Fathers and Pastoral Theologians of the Church From the Fourth to the Seventeenth Century A Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate in Sacred Theology with specialization in Marian Studies Director: Rev. Bertrand Buby, S.M. Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton, OH 45469-1390 2013 i Copyright © 2013 by Elizabeth M. Farley All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Nihil obstat: François Rossier, S.M., STD Vidimus et approbamus: Bertrand A. Buby S.M., STD – Director François Rossier, S.M., STD – Examinator Johann G. Roten S.M., PhD, STD – Examinator Thomas A. Thompson S.M., PhD – Examinator Elio M. Peretto, O.S.M. – Revisor Aristide M. Serra, O.S.M. – Revisor Daytonesis (USA), ex aedibus International Marian Research Institute, et Romae, ex aedibus Pontificiae Facultatis Theologicae Marianum, die 22 Augusti 2013. ii Dedication This Dissertation is Dedicated to: Father Bertrand Buby, S.M., The Faculty and Staff at The International Marian Research Institute, Father Jerome Young, O.S.B., Father Rory Pitstick, Joseph Sprug, Jerome Farley, my beloved husband, and All my family and friends iii Table of Contents Prėcis.................................................................................. xvii Guidelines........................................................................... xxiii Abbreviations...................................................................... xxv Chapter One: Purpose, Scope, Structure and Method 1.1 Introduction...................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose............................................................ -
The Origins of Christianity, TABLE of CONTENTS
Books online The Origins of Christianity by R.P.Oliver The Origins of Christianity by R.P.Oliver shortly to be published by HRP (160pp £10 inc p&p). Please order now via e-mail [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Chapter 1: RELIGION Chapter 2: THE TRIPLE FUNCTION Chapter 3: MONOTHEISM Chapter 4: THEODICY Chapter 5: RITUAL AND ARYAN WORSHIP Chapter 6: SHAMANS Chapter 7: LYING FOR THE LORD Chapter 8: THEOKTONY Chapter 9: ZOROASTER Chapter 10: ZOROASTER’S CREATION Chapter 11: THE GREAT ÜBERWERTUNG, PSYCHIC MAGIC, GOD’S HOUSE, BUDDHISM AND TAPAS Chapter 12: AHURA MAZDA Chapter 13: LATER ZOROASTRIANISM Back to books online Back to main-page Books online The Origins of Christianity by R.P.Oliver Introduction OF THE many problems that confront us today, none is more vexing than that of the relation of Christianity to Western Civilization. None, certainly, causes more acrimonious controversy and internecine hostility between the members of the race which created that civilization. None more thoroughly counteracts their common interest in its preservation and renders them impotent and helpless. And that is not remarkable: what is in question is the essential nature of our civilization, and if there is no agreement about that, there can be no effective agreement on other questions. Around 1910, Georges Matisse, in Les Ruines de l’Idée de Dieu,* predicted that by 1960, at the very latest, the only churches left in the civilized world would be the ones that were preserved as museum pieces for their architectural beauty or historical associations. The scientific and historical knowledge accumulated by our race had rendered belief in supernatural beings impossible for cultivated men, and universal education would speedily destroy the credulity of the masses. -
LITUANUS Cumulative Index 1954-2004 (PDF)
LITUANUS Cumulative Index 1954-2004 Art and Artists [Aleksa, Petras]. See Jautokas. 23:3 (1977) 59-65. [Algminas, Arvydas]. See Matranga. 31:2 (1985) 27-32. Anderson, Donald J. “Lithuanian Bookplates Ex Libris.” 26:4 (1980) 42-49. ——. “The Art of Algimantas Kezys.” 27:1 (1981) 49-62. ——. “Lithuanian Art: Exhibition 90 ‘My Religious Beliefs’.” 36:4 (1990) 16-26. ——. “Lithuanian Artists in North America.” 40:2 (1994) 43-57. Andriußyt∂, Rasa. “Rimvydas Jankauskas (Kampas).” 45:3 (1999) 48-56. Artists in Lithuania. “The Younger Generation of Graphic Artists in Lithuania: Eleven Reproductions.” 19:2 (1973) 55-66. [Augius, Paulius]. See Jurkus. 5:4 (1959) 118-120. See Kuraus- kas. 14:1 (1968) 40-64. Außrien∂, Nora. “Außrin∂ Marcinkeviçi∆t∂-Kerr.” 50:3 (2004) 33-34. Bagdonas, Juozas. “Profile of an Artist.” 29:4 (1983) 50-62. Bakßys Richardson, Milda. ”Juozas Jakßtas: A Lithuanian Carv- er Confronts the Venerable Oak.” 47:2 (2001) 4, 19-53. Baltrußaitis, Jurgis. “Arts and Crafts in the Lithuanian Home- stead.” 7:1 (1961) 18-21. ——. “Distinguishing Inner Marks of Roerich’s Painting.” Translated by W. Edward Brown. 20:1 (1974) 38-48. [Balukas, Vanda 1923–2004]. “The Canvas is the Message.” 28:3 (1982) 33-36. [Banys, Nijol∂]. See Kezys. 43:4 (1997) 55-61. [Barysait∂, DΩoja]. See Kuç∂nas-Foti. 44:4 (1998) 11-22. 13 ART AND ARTISTS [Bookplates and small art works]. Augusts, Gvido. 46:3 (2000) 20. Daukßait∂-Katinien∂, Irena. 26:4 (1980) 47. Eidrigeviçius, Stasys 26:4 (1980) 48. Indraßius, Algirdas. 44:1 (1998) 44. Ivanauskait∂, Jurga. 48:4 (2002) 39. -
Traces of Greco-Roman Mythology in Classical Turkish Literature: the Thread of Life / B
532 / RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies 2020.19 (June) Traces of Greco-Roman mythology in classical Turkish literature: The Thread of Life / B. Alpaydın (pp. 528-540) Traces of Greco-Roman mythology in classical Turkish literature: The Thread of Life Bilal ALPAYDIN1 APA: Alpaydın, B. (2020). Traces of Greco-Roman mythology in classical Turkish literature: The Thread of Life. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (19), 528-540. DOI: 10.29000/rumelide.752507. Abstract It is wholly acknowledged that prior to the Turks’ conquest of Anatolia, this land was inhabited by diverse cultures and civilizations. Following its conquest, however, large segments of the various populations living in Anatolia continued to reside in their native homelands, indicating that the Turks lived together with these indigenous cultures for centuries. Greeks and Romans made up only one aspect of these various cultures. Although nowhere near as pervasive as their Persian and Arab counterparts, the cultures and mythologies of both the Greeks and Romans are discernible in Turkish culture, which is only natural after having shared the same homeland for many years in Anatolia and Europe. One such example is the occasional likening of a beloved’s hair to snakes in classical Turkish literature, reminiscent of Medusa’s own snake-like hair in Greek mythology. Indeed, the poems written in Greek by Mawlānā Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī and Ahmed Pasha demonstrate that Turkish poets were not complete strangers to Western sources. After providing information about the three Moirai sisters known as the goddesses of fate in Greek and Roman mythology, this article will move on to address how they indirectly appear in classical Turkish literature.