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by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 24 September 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Breeding Bird Survey 2009: Summary Purpose:

To complete a breeding bird survey for nine sites in Kensington and Chelsea. Four visits were made to each site during 2009 to capture all possible breeding species. Objectives:

To record and map all breeding species of bird on these sites and produce a final report. The report contains a detailed methodology, dated results of birds recorded, habitat description, maps displaying the location of the birds present, the national status of the birds observed, recommendations and conclusion. Methods:

All sites were surveyed within the first two hours of sunlight, with the exception of Holland Park, where an Eurasian Woodcock survey was completed at dusk during April 2009. The following parks were surveyed:

Park Name Months surveyed

Holland Park February, March, April and May

Avondale Park February, March and May

Little Wormwood Scrubs February, March and May

Emslie Horniman Gardens February, March and May

Athlone Gardens February, March and May

Kensington Memorial Park February, March and May

Westfield Park February, March and May

Cremorne Gardens February, March and May

St Lukeʼs Gardens February, March and May

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Recorded bird species:

Summary of species recorded

Breeding Species Non Breeding Species

Schedule 1 Species

Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo)

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Red List Species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Herring Gull (Larus argentatus)

Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) European Turtle Dove (Streptopelia turtur)

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)

Common Linnet (Acanthis cannabina)

Amber List Species

Gadwall (Anas strepera strepera) Greylag Goose (Anser anser)

Eurasian Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula)

Stock Dove (Columba oenas) Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)

Northern House Martin (Delichon urbicum) Common Gull (Larus canus canus)

Willow Warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus) Great Black-backed Gull (Larus marinus)

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus Common Whitethroat (Sylvia communis) graellsii)

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus)

Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus) Common Swift (Apus apus)

European Swallow (Hirundo rustica rustica)

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Breeding Species Non Breeding Species

Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea)

Meadow Pipit (Anthus pratensis)

Green List Species

Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) Mute Swan (Cygnus olor)

Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus)

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea)

Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) decaocto)

Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) Common Coot (Fulica atra)

Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') major)

Green Woodpecker (Picus viridis) Eurasian Jackdaw (Corvus monedula)

Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) Rook (Corvus frugilegus)

Common Magpie (Pica pica) Eurasian Siskin (Carduelis spinus)

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone)

Great Tit (Parus major)

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus)

Coal Tit (Parus ater)

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus)

Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita)

Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla)

Lesser Whitethroat (Sylvia curruca)

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Breeding Species Non Breeding Species

Goldcrest (Regulus regulus)

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)

Eurasian Nuthatch (Sitta europaea)

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula)

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula)

Pied Wagtail (Motacilla alba yarrellii)

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs)

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris)

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)

Introduced Species

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) Canada Goose (Branta canadensis)

Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiaca)

Recommendations:

Site specific recommendations are provided within each individual report. This breeding bird survey should be repeated every three to five years to establish trends in the boroughʼs breeding birds and assess the effectiveness and impact of the current habitat management scheme.

Report completed by: David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected]

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by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Little Wormwood Scrubs from February to May 2009...... 3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 8

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....12

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 14

Appendix 3 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 21 February 2009...... 16

Appendix 4 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 21 March 2009...... 17

Appendix 5 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 3 May 2009...... 18

Appendix 6 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 30 May 2009...... 19

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 20

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 22

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Breeding Bird Survey at Little Wormwood Scrubs from February to May 2009

Method

Four thirty minutes surveys were carried out in February, March and May 2009 starting approximately sixty minutes before or after dawn. During this time, the whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Time Weather conditions conditions

06:13 to 4 to 5c, no wind and 1 21 February 2009 Excellent 06:45 hrs clear sky

06:41 to 3c, southwest wind up to 2 21 March 2009 Very good 07:26 hrs 7 kph and clear sky

11c, northwest wind up 05:45 to 3 3 May 2009 to 3 kph and overcast Excellent 06:58 hrs but clearing sky

15 to 18c, northeast 05:53 to 4 30 May 2009 wind up to 4 kph and Excellent 07:24 hrs clear sky

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Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

The scrubland provides excellent habitat The main area is rich and provides an abundance of nesting scrubland bordered by and feeding areas for bird. This is clearly trees and a small wooded illustrated with Common Whitethroats North section area to the north. At the breeding here in a high density. The edges of the scrubland is surrounding margins also hold good long grass and mature numbers of breeding species and this trees. habitat is boosted by the rich scrubland.

Short cut grass covers the The short cut grass provides little benefit majority of the area with a for wildlife. The mature trees provide few mature trees bordering some food and cover for nesting birds. it. In the southwest corner The cover at the southern end of the site South section there is a large childrenʼs attracts some species such as House play area. Along the Sparrows to the site. The area lacks the southern edge are some high bird density present in the northern bushes, hedgerows and section this is illustrated on the maps on mature trees. pages 16 to 19.

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Results

Saturday 21 February 2009

Eleven species of bird were recorded at the site, nine of these were considered to be breeding. These were Common Kestrel (1), Common Magpie (2), Carrion Crow (2), Winter Wren (8 to 9), Eurasian Blackbird (1 to 5), Song Thrush (3 to 4), Mistle Thrush (1), European Robin (4 to 5) and Dunnock (1). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Two other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: twenty Feral Pigeons were resting on the site, these were thought to be breeding in the block of flats along Sutton Way. One Rose- ringed Parakeet flew over the site and it appeared to come from the roost on Wormwood Scrubs.

Three Song Thrush were heard singing on the site, this species is on the Red List which means it is either globally threatened or has suffered serious decline. One was singing from the trees along the west side of the site and two were singing from the northeast corner of the site. An additional bird was heard calling from the small wood at the north end of the site which was considered to be an additional territory but no singing was heard.

Observations took place between - 06:13 to 06:45 hrs

Saturday 21 March 2009

Twenty-two species of bird were recorded at the site, sixteen of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (4), Rose-ringed Parakeet (1),Great Spotted Woodpecker (1), Common Magpie (1), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (3), Blue Tit (3), Chiffchaff (1), Winter Wren (8 to 9), European Starling (2), Eurasian Blackbird (1 to 4), Song Thrush (1), European Robin (6 to 8), Dunnock (3), Chaffinch (1) and European Goldfinch (3).

Six other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: two Grey Herons flew over the site, one adult Herring Gull flew over the site, one Rook flew over the site, three House Sparrows were feeding in the bushes at the southern end of the site, one Eurasian Siskin flew over the site and one Common Linnet flew over the site.

One adult Herring Gull flew off the site and did not show any interest in the site. The site is not suitable for this species to breed in as there are no tall buildings on it. In London, they tend to nest on roofs. Two European Starling were singing holding territory on the east side of the site. They are likely to be nesting in the trees along here or in the neighbouring buildings. One Song Thrush was singing from the scrubs at the northern end of the site. This is excellent habitat for this species which favours this dense bramble area. Three House Sparrows were seen feeding at the southern end of the site where they are breeding in the house in Dalgamo Gardens. One Common Linnet flew over the site, although there are no indications that this species was breeding on the site the habitat is excellent for it. This species is difficult to prove they are breeding as males do not frequently sing whilst they are breeding unlike most other species of bird. All of these species are on the Red List.

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Observations took place between - 06:41 to 07:26 hrs

Friday 3 May 2009

Twenty-six species of bird were recorded at the site, twenty-one of these were considered to be breeding. These were Stock Dove (1), Woodpigeon (1), Great Spotted Woodpecker (1), Common Magpie (1), Carrion Crow (3), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (2), Long-tailed Tit (1), Willow Warbler (2), Blackcap (1), Lesser Whitethroat (1), Common Whitethroat (6), Winter Wren (9), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (3), Song Thrush (3), European Robin (4), Dunnock (3), European Greenfinch (5), European Goldfinch (2) and Common Linnet (2).

Five other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: Great Cormorant three birds flew over the site, this species requires water to feed so the site is not suitable for this species. Herring Gull, one flew over the site, five Feral Pigeons were resting in the southeast corner of the site, at least one hundred Rose-ringed Parakeets flew out of the roost on Wormwood Scrubs and a male House Sparrow was singing on the edge of the site in the southeast corner.

One adult Herring Gull flew over the site and did not show any interest in the site. One European Starling was singing holding territory in the southeast corner of the site. It is likely to be nesting in the trees along here or in the neighbouring buildings. Three Song Thrushes were heard calling from the scrubs at the northern end of the site. This is excellent habitat for this species which favours this dense bramble area. Although only calls were heard this species was holding territory on the previous visits and was thought to be breeding. One House Sparrow was calling from the bushes at the southeast corner of the site, where a male was singing from the houses opposite. One Common Linnet was singing from the scrub at the northern end of the site. A pair was also seen feeding in this area and were also thought to be breeding here. All of these species are on the Red List.

Observations took place between - 05:45 to 06:58 hrs

Sunday 30 May 2009

Twenty-five species of bird were recorded at the site, fifteen of these were considered to be breeding. These were Common Kestrel (1), Rose-ringed Parakeet (2), Common Magpie (1), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (2), Blackcap (1), Common Whitethroat (3), Winter Wren (8), European Starling (2), Eurasian Blackbird (3), Song Thrush (2 to 3), European Robin (1), Dunnock (2), European Greenfinch (4) and Common Linnet (2).

Ten other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Great Cormorant flew over the site, one Western Lesser Black-backed Gull flew over the site, like Herring Gulls this species uses roofs to breed on making this site unsuitable for this species. One Feral Pigeon was resting at the southern end of the site, two Woodpigeon were feeding on the short grass at the southern end of the site, one Eurasian Collared Dove flew over the site, there is suitable habitat on this site for this species but no territories where located. Two Common Swifts flew over the site, this species is a roof nesting species so there are no suitable sites for this species, one Great Spotted Woodpecker was feeding on the site and was likely to be part of a breeding pair present during earlier surveys. One Carrion Crow

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was feeding on the site, a male House Sparrow was feeding at the southern end of the site and two European Greenfinch flew over the site.

A large family group of European Starlings were feeding at the southern end of the site. This included ten juvenile birds which would be at least two broods as they rear up five young from a single brood. Two Song Thrushes were singing from the scrubs at the northern end of the site. A recently fledged juvenile was also seen which may have come from another pair. One House Sparrow was feeding at the southern end of the site and was thought to have come from the houses opposite where at least one pair were breeding. One Common Linnet was singing from the southwest corner of the site. A pair was also seen in the scrub at the northern end of the site and were also thought to be breeding in this area. All of these species are on the Red List.

Observations took place between - 05:53 to 07:24 hrs

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Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed twenty species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Stock Dove (1) - bird in display flight • Woodpigeon (4) – singing birds holding territory, in display flight and nests located • Rose-ringed Parakeet (2) - singing birds holding territory • Great Spotted Woodpecker (1) - singing birds holding territory • Common Magpie (1) - nest sites located • Carrion Crow (2 to 3) – singing birds holding territory and nests located • Great Tit (3 to 4) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Blue Tit (3 to 4) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Blackcap (1 to 2) - singing birds holding territory • Common Whitethroat (5 to 6) - singing birds holding territory • Winter Wren (14) – singing birds holding territory • European Starling (2) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Eurasian Blackbird (5) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Song Thrush (4 to 5) - singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • European Robin (9 to 10) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Dunnock (4 to 5) – singing birds holding territory • Chaffinch (1) - singing birds holding territory • European Greenfinch (5 to 7) – singing birds holding territory and in display flight • European Goldfinch (2) – singing birds holding territory • Common Linnet (2) - singing birds holding territory

Six species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no concrete evidence to confirm this:-

• Common Kestrel - during the surveys on 21st February 2009 a single bird was seen hunting, which was thought to be a male and on 30th May 2009 a female was seen hunting. It was thought that a pair was breeding nearby or had failed to raise any young. • Long-tailed Tit - a bird was heard calling from the scrub area at the northern end of the site during the survey on 3rd May 2009. This habitat is perfect for this species to breed in and the single bird seen was thought to be part of a breeding pair. • Willow Warbler - two birds were singing holding territory during the survey on 3rd May 2009, as with the previous species the habitat is ideal for this species. One of the birds sang continually from one bush, which indicates breeding. This is in contrast to migrants who move about whilst singing. This is a strong indicator of a breeding bird and not a migrant. • Common Chiffchaff - a male was heard singing from the edge of wood at the northern end of the site during the survey on 21st March 2009. No further observations were made of this species on the site so it was thought the male did not attract a mate. The bird sang continually from one tree, which indicates breeding, as explained above. Just to the north of this site at Wormwood Scrubs eight pairs were thought to have bred indicating this site might be more attractive to this species.

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• Lesser Whitethroat - a male was heard singing during the survey on 3rd May 2009. No subsequent observations were made and it is possible this was just a migrating bird. However, this scrubland habitat is an ideal area for this species. • Mistle Thrush - an adult bird gave alarm calls when a dog walker approached the trees in the southwest corner of the site during the survey on 21st February 2009. This is an early breeding species and was likely to be defending a nest site but no further observations indicate they did not stay in the area. Therefore, breeding can only be suspected on the site. The large area of short cut grass is a typical feeding area for this species.

Other birds

Ten more species of bird were recorded and were not considered to be breeding these were:-

• Grey Heron - two birds flew over the site during the survey on 21st March 2009, this site does not contain any water features, which this species depend on, it is unlikely birds of this species will use the site. • Great Cormorant - birds were seen flying over the site during the surveys on 3rd May 2009 and 30th May 2009. This species requires water to feed in and the lack of this would mean they would not use the site. • Herring Gull - two birds flew over the site during the surveys on 21st March 2009 and 3rd May 2009. This species nests on roofs throughout the London area and was thought not to be breeding locally otherwise more observations would have been expected. • Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - one adult flew over the site during the survey on 30th May 2009. Like the above species there is no suitable habitat for this species and the lack for observations indicate it was not breeding nearby. • Feral Pigeon - several birds were present resting on the site, but were thought to be breeding on neighbouring buildings. • Eurasian Collared Dove - one bird flew over the site during the survey on 30th May 2009. Although there is suitable habitat at the southern end of the site. no territorial birds were observed. • Common Swift - two birds flew over the site during the survey on 30th May 2009. This species usually breeds in the eaves of buildings and there are no suitable buildings on the site for this species. • Rook - one bird flew over the site during the survey on 21st March 2009. This species nest communally in trees and is a rural species. No other observations indicate this was a migrating bird. The date of the sighting falls in the spring migration period of Rooks in the London area. • House Sparrow - birds were observed at the southern end of the site during the surveys on 21st March, 3rd May and 30th May 2009. Males were heard singing from the house opposite Dalgarno Gardens and were thought to be breeding here. It would be possible to attract this species to the site by improving the feeding available, habitat and creating nest sites for them. • Eurasian Siskin - one bird flew over the site during the survey on 21st March 2009, this species is a winter visitor to the London area and showed no sign of territorial behaviour. This record falls into the spring migration period for Eurasian Siskin.

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Recommendations

This large site attracted good numbers of breeding species of bird with the excellent scrubland habitat at the northern end of the site. Some improvements to the site could increase the yield for the majority of species and possibly attract others to breed.

• Habitat Improvement - scrubland area at the northern end of the site is important of a number of specialist species e.g. Song Thrush, Dunnock and Common Whitethroat. To boost their populations this area should be extended to the south and some sections fenced off to reduce the disturbance to nest sites. Willow Warblers may fail to breed with increased disturbance as they nest on the ground. Increasing this habitat will provide more nesting and feeding areas for these specific species. This scrubland should be managed so that saplings do not over run the area and reducing the amount of scrubland habitat available. Annually the area should be monitored to check on the condition of the scrubland, and where saplings are taking root, these should be removed allowing plants such as bramble to grow into mature patches.

To enhance the habitat due south of the scrubland area, a section of grass should not be cut during the summer and should also be fenced off. This would create a large long grass meadow designed to attract Meadow Pipits and Eurasian Skylarks which breed on Wormwood Scrubs. This area should be fenced off and cut back in the autumn only. This would provide a haven for insects and attract more birds to the site and would recreate, a larger version of the habitat present in Cremorne Gardens.

There are a few non-native London Planetrees which should be removed over a long period and replanted with native trees such as oak or horn beam or horse chestnut etc. The London Planetree does not provide good sources of food or nesting habitat, where as our native species create an abundance of food or nesting habitat, this would be a long term project.

Holly bushes should be planted to provide a safe haven for birds to roost in at the southern end of the site. These should be allowed to grow to provide dense cover for birds such as House Sparrows. Heavy pruning will limits the use of this area as a roost site.

Native hedgerows such as hawthorn could be planted along the east and west side of the site where there is little cover for small birds Berry yielding plants could also be introduced such as honey suckle another important food source for birds during the autumn. Honey suckle would also provide cover for birds if allowed to grow large enough. This could also be grown along these edges.

• Food Sources - currently there is a lack of water sources available for birds. I would suggest a wildlife pond is created on the site which would solve this problem. It would also be possible to provide drinking water with a hanging bird bath, which could be attached to a building. This should be kept full throughout the year and kept clear from frost during sub zero periods. In addition to the food provided from vegetation, which would increase with the above management suggestions, feeders should also be placed on the site. I would recommend seed, nut, fat balls and meal worms being used and maintained throughout the year.

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• Nestboxes - with limited sites for breeding, nestboxes can provide safe places for species to breed in. Species such as Great Tit, Blue Tit, Winter Wren, European Starling, Stock Dove, Common Kestrel and European Robin would all benefit from such habitat. The following nestboxes should be used for these species. I would also suggest erecting House Sparrow nestboxes to encourage this species to the site. House Sparrows currently use this site but are not breeding on it. The House Sparrows are breeding in neighbouring houses but if they are renovated, as they typically breed in the eaves the population could disappear overnight. By putting up nestboxes for them they will have a protected area to breed and may expand their population. All nestboxes should have metal plats on the front to stop predators enlarging the holes.

Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit and Great Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

Large hole-entrance Stock Dove

Large open-fronted Common Kestrel

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

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Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Starling - Red list Herring Gull - Red list

Song Thrush - Red list House Sparrow - Red list

Common Linnet - Red list

Common Kestrel - Amber list Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - Amber list

Stock Dove - Amber list Common Swift - Amber list

Willow Warbler - Amber list

Common Whitethroat - Amber list

Mistle Thrush - Amber list

Dunnock - Amber list

Woodpigeon - Green list Grey Heron - Green list

Great Spotted Woodpecker - Green list Great Cormorant - Green list

Common Magpie - Green list Feral Pigeon - Green list

Carrion Crow - Green list Eurasian Collared Dove - Green list

Great Tit - Green list Rook - Green list

Blue Tit - Green list Eurasian Siskin - Green list

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Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Long-tailed Tit - Green list

Common Chiffchaff - Green list

Blackcap - Green list

Lesser Whitethroat - Green list

Winter Wren - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird - Green list

European Robin - Green list

Chaffinch - Green list

European Greenfinch - Green list

European Goldfinch - Green list

Rose-ringed Parakeet - Introduced

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Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site Species (latin name) Note

Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) Recorded only flying over

Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) Recorded only flying over

Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) Possible breeding species

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Recorded only flying over

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus Recorded only flying over graellsii)

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Breeding in the neighbour area

Stock Dove (Columba oenas) Breeding species

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) Migrant species

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) Breeding species

Common Swift (Apus apus) Recorded only flying over

Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) Breeding species

Common Magpie (Pica pica) Breeding species

Rook (Corvus frugilegus) Migrant species

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) Possible breeding species

Willow Warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus) Possible breeding species

Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) Possible breeding species

Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) Breeding species

Lesser Whitethroat (Sylvia curruca) Possible breeding species

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Species (latin name) Note

Common Whitethroat (Sylvia communis) Breeding species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) Breeding species

Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus) Possible breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) Breeding in the neighbour area

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Breeding species

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

Eurasian Siskin (Carduelis spinus) Migrant species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

Common Linnet (Acanthis cannabina) Breeding species

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Appendix 3 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 21 February 2009

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Appendix 4 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 21 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 3 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - Little Wormwood Scrubs map for 30 May 2009

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Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 16 to 19

Species Code

Common Kestrel KS

Stock Dove SD

Woodpigeon WP

Rose-ringed Parakeet RI

Great Spotted Woodpecker GS

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Long-tailed Tit LT

Willow Warbler WW

Common Chiffchaff CC

Blackcap BC

Lesser Whitethroat LW

Common Whitethroat WH

Winter Wren WR

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

Song Thrush ST

Mistle Thrush M.

European Robin R.

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Species Code

House Sparrow HS

Dunnock D.

Chaffinch CH

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

Common Linnet LI

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Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 16 to 19

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Call c

Carrying food cf

Displaying d

Displaying flight df

Female (f)

Hunting h

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Nest n

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

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by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Athlone Gardens from February to May 2009...... 3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 7

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....10

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 12

Appendix 3 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 21 February 2009...... 13

Appendix 4 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 21 March 2009...... 14

Appendix 5 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 3 May 2009...... 15

Appendix 6 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 30 May 2009...... 16

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 17

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 18

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Athlone Gardens from February to May 2009

Method

Four twenty minutes surveys were carried out in February, March and May 2009 starting approximately sixty minutes before or after dawn. During this time, the whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Time Weather conditions conditions

07:18 to 6c, no wind and clear 1 21 February 2009 Excellent 07:35 hrs sky

05:53 to 3c, southwest wind up to 2 21 March 2009 Very good 06:12 hrs 5 kph and clear sky

04:48 to 10c, west wind up to 3 3 3 May 2009 Excellent 05:09 hrs kph and mainly clear sky

04:53 to 13c, northeast wind up 4 30 May 2009 Very good 05:16 hrs to 4 kph and clear sky

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

Grass provides some feeding for smaller birds such as European Starlings. The Sandwiched between the grass has not been allowed to grow long, three blocks of flats is an it does not go to seed and therefore no open grass covered square. North section additional food is provided. The mature The grass is kept short and trees provide some cover and food. is bordered by a few mature Some are London Planetrees which trees. provide limited food and nesting opportunities for birds.

This area has scattered mature trees and along the The beds with the scrubs provide limited southern and eastern cover as do the trees. Again some of the South section edges there are some beds trees are London Planetrees which do not with low vegetation and assist the local wildlife. scrubs.

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Results

Saturday 21 February 2009

Sixteen species of bird were recorded at the site, twelve of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2), Common Magpie (1), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (3), European Starling (2), Eurasian Blackbird (2), European Robin (3), Dunnock (2), European Greenfinch (1) and European Goldfinch (1). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Four other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Herring Gull was seen flying over the site, one Common Black-headed Gull was also seen flying over the site, one Feral Pigeon was resting on the site and one Grey Wagtail was seen flying over the site.

Two European Starlings were heard singing on the site, this species is on the Red List which means it is either globally threatened or has suffered serious decline. One European Starling was singing by the entrance on Portobello Road and the other from a tree at the southern end of Faraday House. A single Herring Gull was seen flying over the site, this species is also on the Red List, but this bird did not show any signs on breeding on the site.

Observations took place between - 07:18 to 07:35 hrs

Saturday 21 March 2009

Twelve species of bird were recorded at the site, nine of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (3), Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (2), European Starling (3), Eurasian Blackbird (1), European Robin (2) and European Goldfinch (3).

Three other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Eurasian Sparrowhawk was seen killing an European Goldfinch, one Common Gull was seen flying over the site, approximately twenty Feral Pigeons were feeding on bread left out by Wheatstone House and were thought to be breeding in these flats and one Common Magpie was calling at the northern end of the site.

Three European Starling were heard singing, one east of Faraday House and two by the entrance off Portobello Road.

Observations took place between - 05:53 to 06:12 hrs

Friday 3 May 2009

Nine species of bird were recorded at the site, six of these were considered to be breeding. These were Mallard (1), Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (2), Eurasian Blackbird (6), European Robin (1) and European Goldfinch (1).

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Three other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Common Magpie was heard calling from outside of the site, a Winter Wren was singing from the neighbouring area and a House Sparrow was singing from the gardens to the north of the site.

The House Sparrow that was located outside of the site was not thought to be breeding on the site or using it feed in. This species is on the Red List.

Observations took place between - 04:48 to 05:09 hrs

Sunday 30 May 2009

Twelve species of bird were recorded at the site, seven of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (1), Common Magpie (1), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (1), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (3) and European Goldfinch (1).

Five other species were record but were not considered to be breeding: two Herring Gull were seen flying over the site and were thought to be breeding locally but not on the site, ten Feral Pigeon were feeding by Wheatstone House, two Common Swift were seen flying over the site, one Carrion Crow was seen on a neighbouring building and a House Sparrow was heard calling from the gardens to the north.

Three European Starling were seen collecting food and were thought to be breeding on the site. This activity coupled with the singing males on the 21st February and 21st March would strongly indicate breeding. This behaviour is indicative of adults collecting food to return to their nest site to feed either their young or a brooding adult. Two Herring Gulls were seen flying over the site and because adult birds had been seen on previous visits it is suspected that they are breeding on the neighbouring buildings. Herring Gulls tend to breed on the roofs of tall buildings and given that no such buildings exist on the site they were considered to be breeding elsewhere.

Observations took place between - 04:53 to 05:16 hrs

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed eleven species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Woodpigeon (3 - 4) – singing birds holding territory • Carrion Crow (1) – singing birds holding territory • Great Tit (2 - 3) – singing birds holding territory • Blue Tit (2) – singing birds holding territory • Winter Wren (4 - 5) – singing birds holding territory • European Starling (3) – singing birds holding territory • Eurasian Blackbird (5) – singing birds holding territory • European Robin (2 - 4) – singing birds holding territory • Dunnock (2) – singing birds holding territory • European Greenfinch (1) – singing birds holding territory • European Goldfinch (3 - 4) – singing birds holding territory

Two further species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no firm evidence to support this:-

• Mallard - a single female bird was calling beside the southern end of Faraday House during the survey on 3rd May 2009. The habitat is perfect for this species to breed but no further sightings were made. If young were successfully raised here the adults would move them to the nearest water body immediately and therefore may go undetected. • Common Magpie - adult birds were observed during the surveys on 21st February and 30th May 2009. The habitat is typical of this species but no nest sites were located so breeding may have been attempted on the site indicated by the presence of an adult bird. Breeding close by could not be eliminated, although one would have been expected to see a family group using this site if they were breeding nearby.

Other birds

Eight more species of bird were recorded and were not considered to be breeding these were:-

• Eurasian Sparrowhawk - an adult bird was seen to kill a European Goldfinch during the survey on 21st March 2009. This indicates the site was used only as hunting area and not for breeding, more observations would have been expected if a pair were breeding at this site • Common Gull - seen flying over only during the survey on 21st March 2009. This species breeds on coast sites in gull colonies on islands and is only a wintering bird to the London area • Herring Gull - birds were seen flying over the site during the 21st February 2009 and 30th May 2009 surveys. This species nests on roofs throughout the London area and was thought to be breeding on adjacent suitable buildings

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

• Common Black-headed Gull - seen flying over only during the survey on 21st February 2009. This species nest on islands or rafts on water and there no suitable nesting habitat for this species • Feral Pigeon - several birds were present on the site thought to be breeding on neighbouring buildings • Common Swift - two birds were seen flying over the site during the survey on 30th May 2009, this species favours nesting in the eaves on building, there are no suitable nesting areas on this site • House Sparrow - a male heard singing from a garden to the north but it did not wander into the site during the surveys • Grey Wagtail - heard calling over the site during the survey on 21 February 2009 but not subsequently. This species will nest in buildings and could possibly be breeding on one of the neighbouring buildings.

Recommendations

This small site attracted some breeding species of bird but was limited by the poor habitat. Simple improvements to the site could increase the yield for the majority of species and possibly attract others to breed.

• Habitat Improvement - where possible removal of the non-native London Planetrees and replanting of native trees such as oak or horn beam or horse chestnut etc should be considered. The London Planetree does not provide good sources of good or nesting habitat, where as our native species create an abundance of food or nesting habitat, this would be a long term project.

Holly bushes should also be planted to provide a safe haven for birds to roost in. This would provide ideal cover for House Sparrows which are present in the gardens to the north. I would recommend that two bushes are planted at the north end of the garden and are allowed to grow to a relatively large size. Heavy pruning of this species limits its use as a roost site.

Short term projects would be to introduce native hedgerows such as hawthorn. In addition, I would also propose the creation of small meadows such as the one in Cremorne Garden, this would enhance the natural seeds available on the site and attract more insects and sources of food for birds. Berry yielding plants could also be introduced such as honey suckle another important food source for birds during the autumn. Honeysuckle would also provide cover for birds if allowed to grow large enough.

• Food - currently there is a lack of food sources for birds, noticeably no water is available. Whether a wildlife or an ornamental pond is created this would provide drinking water for the birds and will attract other wildlife which birds will feed on. It would also be possible to provide drinking water with a hanging bird bath, which could be attached to the building in the northeast section. This should be kept full throughout the year and kept clear from frost during sub zero periods. In addition to the food provided by vegetation, feeders should also be place on the site. I would recommend seed, nut, fat balls and meal worms being used and maintained throughout the year.

• Nestboxes - with limited sites for breeding, nestboxes can provide a safe alternative. Species such as Great Tit, Blue Tit, Winter Wren, European Starling and European Robin would all benefit from such habitat. The following nestboxes should be used for these species. I would also suggest erecting House Sparrow nestboxes to encourage this species to the site. All nestboxes should have metal plates on the front to stop predators enlarging the holes.

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit and Great Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Starling - Red list Herring Gull - Red list

House Sparrow - Red list

Dunnock - Amber list Common Black-headed Gull - Amber list

Common Gull - Amber list

Common Swift - Amber list

Grey Wagtail - Amber list

Mallard - Green list Eurasian Sparrowhawk - Green list

Woodpigeon - Green list Feral Pigeon - Green list

Common Magpie - Green list

Carrion Crow - Green list

Great Tit - Green list

Blue Tit - Green list

Winter Wren - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird - Green list

European Robin - Green list

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Greenfinch - Green list

European Goldfinch - Green list

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) Recorded only flying over

Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) Breeding in the neighbour area

Common Gull (Larus canus canus) Recorded only flying over

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Breeding in the neighbour area

Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) Recorded only flying over

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Breeding in the neighbour area

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Common Swift (Apus apus) Recorded only flying over

Common Magpie (Pica pica) Breeding species

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hiemalis) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) Breeding in the neighbour area

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea) Breeding in the neighbour area

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 3 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 21 February 2009

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 4 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 21 March 2009

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 5 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 3 May 2009

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 6 - Athlone Gardens, Kensington map for 30 May 2009

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 13 to 16

Species Code

Sparrowhawk SH

Woodpigeon WP

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Winter Wren WR

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

European Robin R.

Dunnock D.

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 13 to 16

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Call c

Display flight df

Feeding f

Female (f)

Juvenile juv

Kill k

Male (m)

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

        

     

by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Emslie Horniman Gardens from February to May 2009.....3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 7

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....10

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 12

Appendix 3 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 21 February 2009...... 14

Appendix 4 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 21 March 2009...... 15

Appendix 5 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 3 May 2009...... 16

Appendix 6 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 30 May 2009...... 17

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 18

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 19

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Emslie Horniman Gardens from February to May 2009

Method

Four visits were made in February, March and May 2009 starting either an hour before or after dawn and lasting approximately twenty minutes. The whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Duration Weather conditions conditions

07:39 to 5 to 7c, no wind and clear 1 21 February 2009 Excellent 07:59 hrs sky

06:16 to 4c, west up to 10 kph and 2 21 March 2009 Good 06:40 hrs clear sky

05:15 to 11c, northwest up to 3kph 3 3 May 2009 Very good 05:39 hrs and overcast

04:16 to 14c, east wind up to 4 4 30 May 2009 Very good 04:51 hrs kph and clear sky

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Habitat

Habitat Potential for birds

The majority of the area is short grass or concreted areas. The middle of the site is the main section of The short grass provides little short grass bordered to the east with a few mature benefit for birds. The edges have trees and a bank of scrubs and bushes. Along the more cover, food and nesting west side there is an ornamental water feature with facilities for birds but there are too some bushes running through the middle. The east few of them to provide an edge of this area has some bushes growing here. advantage for birds. Just south there are some mature trees including a Willow tree.

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Results Saturday 21 February 2009

Eighteen species of bird were recorded, twelve of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (1), Common Magpie (1), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (2), Long-tailed Tit (1), Winter Wren (1), Eurasian Blackbird (2), European Robin (1), Dunnock (1), European Greenfinch (1) and European Goldfinch (1). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Six other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: Greylag Geese could be heard calling nearby, two Herring Gulls flew over the site, one Common Black-headed Gull flew over the site, two Feral Pigeons flew over the site, two Common Chiffchaffs were singing but were thought just to be wintering birds as they were not recorded again and two Chaffinch were feeding on the site during the survey.

Two Herring Gulls that flew over the site, showed no signs of on breeding. The site is not suitable for breeding gulls as there are no large and high roofs, also there are no bodies of water with islands for them to nest on. Herring Gull is on the Red List which means it is either globally threatened or has suffered serious decline.

Observations took place between - 07:39 to 07:59 hr

Saturday 21 March 2009

Eighteen species of bird were recorded, ten of these were considered to be breeding. These were Common Magpie (1), Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (2), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (5), European Robin (1), Dunnock (1), European Greenfinch (5) and European Goldfinch (1).

Eight other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: Canada Geese and Mallard were heard calling from a neighbouring water body. An adult Eurasian Hobby migrated east over the site at 06:27 hrs this is a very early record for this species which normally does not turn up until late April. An adult Peregrine Falcon flew over the site, one Woodpigeon was feeding on the site and one Carrion Crow flew over the site. One Grey Wagtail was heard calling from the roofs of a neighbouring building and a female Chaffinch was heard calling on the site.

One adult European Starling was singing north of the water feature on the west side of the site. It was thought to be breeding on the site. This species is on the Red List. Both Eurasian Hobby and Peregrine Falcon are both on the Schedule 1 list, neither showed any sign of breeding on the site. Eurasian Hobbies typically breed in old Carrion Crow nests and Peregrine Falcons in London tend to nest on tall buildings, neither species are present on the site and given no further observation were made of either species, they were not considered to be breeding on or near the site. The Schedule 1 list provides legal protection for rare breeding species of bird as detailed in the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act.

Observations took place between - 06:16 to 06:40 hrs

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Sunday 3 May 2009

Thirteen species of bird were recorded, nine of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (1), Common Magpie (1), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (2), Winter Wren (3), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (4), European Robin (2) and European Greenfinch (1).

Four other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: one Canada Goose flew over the site, four Great Cormorant flew over the site, one Carrion Crow flew over the site and a female Chaffinch was feeding on the site.

An adult European Starling was feeding in the grass in the middle of the site it was considered to be collected food for young in a nearby nest site.

Observations took place between - 05:15 to 05:39 hrs

Saturday 30 May 2009

Fifteen species of bird were recorded, eight of these were considered to be breeding. These were Mallard (1), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (1), Blackbird (3 to 6), European Robin (2 to 3), European Greenfinch (2) and European Goldfinch (1).

Seven other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: six Great Cormorant flew over the site, one adult Herring Gull flew over the site, one Feral Pigeon flew over the site, two Common Swifts flew over the site, one Common Magpie was present on a neighbouring building, one Dunnock called from neighbouring gardens and one Chaffinch flew over the site.

One adult Herring Gull that flew over the site was not considered to be breeding nearby as few sightings were made of this species during the surveys.

Observations took place between - 04:16 to 04:51 hrs

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed eleven species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Woodpigeon (2) – singing bird holding territory and display flight recorded • Carrion Crow (1) – singing bird holding territory • Great Tit (3) – singing bird holding territory • Blue Tit (3) – singing bird holding territory • Winter Wren (4) – singing bird holding territory • European Starling (1) – singing bird holding territory • Eurasian Blackbird (5) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • European Robin (3) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Dunnock (1) – singing bird holding territory • European Greenfinch (5) – singing bird holding territory • European Goldfinch (2) – singing bird holding territory

Four species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no concrete evidence to confirm this:-

• Mallard (1) – two males and one female were seen resting on the wood structure over ornamental water feature during the survey on 30th May 2009. Although there is not enough water here to raise a brood, there is enough cover for a female to nest. No other signs were observed but this species is very difficult to locate when nesting. • Common Magpie (1) – single birds were present during the first three surveys of the site but no family groups or nest site were located. It is possible that a breeding attempt was made but failed. • Long-tailed Tit (1) – an adult bird was calling from the trees near the toilet block, the habitat in this area of dense bushes is typical of this species. No further sightings were made but this is a peak period for this species to be nesting and it would be expected to be breeding locally. • Chaffinch (1) – an adult male bird was calling from the trees by the toilet block during the survey on 21st February 2009. No further sightings were made of these species on site, but a single bird flew over on 21st March 2009. This last bird was thought to be a migrating bird. Although this habitat is good for this species but no territorial birds were located.

Other birds

Ten more species of bird were recorded and were not considered to be breeding these were:-

• Canada Geese – seen flying over the site or heard calling • Great Cormorant – seen flying over the site during most surveys • Eurasian Hobby – an early migrant flew over the site on 21st March 2009 • Peregrine Falcon – an adult flew over the site on 21st March 2009

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

• Herring Gull – adults flew over the site during the surveys on 21st February 2009 and 30th May 2009, there were no indications that breeding was taken place near the site. • Common Black-headed Gull – one flew over the site on 21st February 2009 • Feral Pigeon – birds were seen flying over the site during the surveys on 21st February and 30th May 2009, they were thought to be breeding in the neighbouring blocks of flats. • Common Swift – two birds flew over the site during the survey on 30th May 2009, there is no suitable nesting sites for this species. • Common Chiffchaff – two birds were singing south of the water feature on the west side of the site during the survey on 21st February 2009, they were only present during this survey and thought to be wintering birds as no further observations were made. • Grey Wagtail – one bird was heard calling from neighbouring roofs during the survey on 21st March 2009 no more observation were made of this species either on the site or nearby and breeding was unlikely to have taken place.

Recommendations

The site covers a small area and has little habitat specifically for birds, with minor changes, more birds could be attracted to the site.

• Habitat Improvement - the site has limited cover for nesting or roosting birds and could be improved by changing the types of vegetation available. Planting of native hedgerows would improve the availability of food throughout the year and create more nest sites. Hawthorn can be used to achieve this. Non native plants can also be used such as pyracantha which produce berries during the autumn.

For a predator proof roost site, I would also suggest a holly bush being planted. This would be important for species such as House Sparrows which are breeding streets away but could be attracted to the site. Additional planting of insect attracting plants such as buddleja or honey suckle will also benefit the site.

Where possible allow small meadows to grow to attract insects and allows seeds to appear. Teasels should also be grown which provide an excellent source of food for European Goldfinch which are breeding on the site.

• Food Source - no feeders were noted on the site and their introduction should be considered to provide additional food for the birds on the site. I would recommend seed, nut, fat balls and meal worms being used and maintained throughout the year.

• Nestboxes - with few mature trees on the site or dense cover, additional breeding sites could be created by erecting nestboxes. Species such as Great Tit, Blue Tit, Winter Wren, European Starling and European Robin would all benefit from such habitat. The following nestboxes should be used for these species. I would also suggest House Sparrow nestboxes to encourage this species to the sie. Evidence suggests they are present and breeding nearby.

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit and Great Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Schedule 1 = Provides legal protection to rare birds and their young. It is an offence to intentionally or recklessly disturb at, on, or near an active nest.

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo) - Schedule 1

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) - Schedule 1

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) - Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) - Red list Red list

Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) - Amber Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) - list Amber list

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) - Common Swift (Apus apus) - Amber list Amber list

Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea) - Amber list

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) - Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) - Green Green list list

Common Magpie (Pica pica) - Green Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') - Green list list

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) - Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) - Green list Green list

Great Tit (Parus major) - Green list

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) - Green list

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) - Green list

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) - Green list

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) - Green list

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) - Green list

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) - Green list

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) - Green list

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) - Introduced

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Recorded flying over the site

Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Breeding species

Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) Recorded flying over the site

Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo) Recorded flying over the site

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) Recorded flying over the site

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Recorded flying over the site

Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) Recorded flying over the site

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Recorded flying over the site

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Common Swift (Apus apus) Recorded flying over the site

Recorded flying over the site or Common Magpie (Pica pica) neighbouring gardens

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) Breeding species

Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) Wintering species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

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Species (latin name) Note

Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea) Recorded flying over the site

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Breeding species

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

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Appendix 3 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 21 February 2009

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Appendix 4 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 21 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 3 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - Emslie Horniman Gardens map for 30 May 2009

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Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 14 to 17

Species Code

Mallard MA

Woodpigeon WP

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Long-tailed Tit LT

Common Chiffchaff CC

Winter Wren WR

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

European Robin R.

Dunnock D.

Grey Wagtail GL

Chaffinch CH

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

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Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 14 to 17

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Begging b

Call c

Display flight df

Displaying d

Feeding f

Female (f)

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Nest building nb

Resting r

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

          

 !  

by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Kensington Memorial Park from February to May 2009....3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 7

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....10

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 12

Appendix 3 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 21 February 2009...... 14

Appendix 4 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 21 March 2009...... 15

Appendix 5 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 3 May 2009...... 16

Appendix 6 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 30 May 2009...... 17

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 18

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 19

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Kensington Memorial Park from February to May 2009

Method

Four visits were made in February, March and May 2009 starting either an hour before or after dawn and lasting for twenty minutes. The whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Duration Weather conditions conditions

5 to 7c, southwest up to 06:48 to 1 21 February 2009 seven kph and overcast Good 07:12 hrs with some bright spells

05:29 to 4c, west up to 10 kph and 2 21 March 2009 Good 05:49 hrs clear sky

9c, northwest wind up to 07:01 to 3 3 May 2009 8 kph and 50% cloud Very good 07:24 hrs cover

05:20 to 14c, east wind up to 4 4 30 May 2009 Very good 05:51 hrs kph and clear sky

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Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

The short grass provides little The majority of this area is used for benefit for birds. The edges recreation with two large open short cut have more cover, food and grass areas separated by an avenue of North section nesting facilities for birds but trees. This area is bordered some there are too few of them to hedgerows and trees. The north edge is provide an advantage for bordered by residential gardens. birds.

This area is split into three section: tennis courts at the east, gardens in the middle The gardens provide the most and a childrenʼs recreation area at the attraction to birds but the west end. The garden section in the majority of it is ornamental. By South section middle has some plant life with scrubs, adjusting the plant life here flower beds and trees. The other two more wildlife will be attracted sections have small amounts of to this area. vegetation bordering them. The tennis courts have mature trees bordering them.

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Results

Saturday 21 February 2009

Sixteen species of bird were recorded, ten of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (3), Winter Wren (2), Eurasian Blackbird (4 to 6), European Robin (2), Dunnock (3), Chaffinch (1), European Greenfinch (2) and European Goldfinch (3). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Six other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: one Greylag Geese flew over with a group of Canada Geese, eleven Canada Goose flew over the site, one adult Herring Gull flew over the site, one adult Western Lesser Black-backed Gull flew over the site, five Feral Pigeons were resting on the site and one Rose-ringed Parakeet flew over the site.

One adult Herring Gull flew over the site and showed no signs on breeding on the site. The site is not suitable for breeding gulls as there are no large buildings with high roofs for them to breed on. Herring Gull is on the Red List, which is a list of species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Observations took place between - 06:48 to 07:12 hr

Saturday 21 March 2009

Twelve species of bird were recorded, eight of these were considered to be breeding. These were Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (3), Blue Tit (2), Winter Wren (3), Eurasian Blackbird (2 to 7), European Robin (1), House Sparrow (1) and Dunnock (3).

Four other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: one adult Herring Gull was present on the recreation ground at first light and flew off, one Common Magpie was seen in the neighbouring gardens, one Song Thrush was heard singing to the south east of the site and one Chaffinch flew over the site.

The adult Herring Gull showed no signs of breeding and was thought to be feeding on the site only. One House Sparrow was calling from the gardens at the northern end of the site, the habitat here is typical of this species with plenty of cover to roost in and houses to breed in, which may have eaves in a poor state (a typical nest site). The Song Thrush was singing to the south of the site and showed no indication that it was breeding on or feeding on the site. All of these species are on the Red List.

Observations took place between - 05:29 to 05:49 hrs

Sunday 3 May 2009

Fifteen species of bird were recorded, nine of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2), Long-tailed Tit (1), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (2 to 4), European Robin (1), House Sparrow (2), Dunnock (3), European Greenfinch (1) and European Goldfinch (2).

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Six other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: four Feral Pigeons were resting on the site, one Eurasian Collared Dove was singing to the north of the site, one Rose-ringed Parakeet flew over the site, one Great Tit was feeding on the site, two Blue Tits were feeding on the site and two Winter Wrens were heard calling on the site.

Fifteen European Starlings were feeding on the site, one of these was seen collecting food. Adult birds will collect food to take to other adults who are incubating their eggs or to feed young with. The location of the nest site was not discovered but considered to be either on the site or nearby. Two male House Sparrows were singing holding territory from the northern edge of the site where it borders the gardens in Oakworth Road. A female was also present along the west edge by the Princess Louise Hospital but could have been paired with one of the previously mentioned males.

Observations took place between - 07:01 to 07:24 hrs

Saturday 30 May 2009

Twenty species of bird were recorded, eleven of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2 to 3), Great Tit (1 to 2), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (5), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (2 to 3), European Robin (2), House Sparrow (2), Dunnock (3), European Greenfinch (2) and European Goldfinch (2).

Nine other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: one Grey Heron flew over the site, two adult Herring Gulls flew over the site, one adult Western Lesser Black-backed Gull flew over the site, one Feral Pigeon flew over the site, one Eurasian Collared Dove was singing to the north of the site, one Rose-ringed Parakeet flew over the site, two Common Swifts flew over the site, one Common Magpie flew over the site and one Song Thrush was singing to the southwest of the site.

The two Herring Gulls that flew over the site were not breeding close to the site as they showed no territorial behaviour before, for example like Western Lesser Black-backed Gulls when you approach their nest site they will dive bomb you whilst calling continuously. This behaviour was not noted and therefore despite being seen on two surveys they were not thought to be breeding nearby. Two juvenile European Starlings were feeding on the site, which were fresh out of the nest as they were still begging adult birds for food. They are likely to have bred either on or close to the site. Two juvenile House Sparrows were resting in the bushes in the north corner of the site, bordering the gardens along Oakworth Road. An adult male was also singing from the bushes in the northwest corner of the site.

Observations took place between - 05:20 to 05:51 hrs

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Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed twelve species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Woodpigeon (4 to 5) – singing bird holding territory and nest site located • Carrion Crow (1) – singing bird holding territory • Great Tit (3 to 4) – singing bird holding territory and a recently fledged juvenile • Blue Tit (2) – singing bird holding territory • Winter Wren (5) – singing bird holding territory • European Starling (1) – adults carrying food and a recently fledged juvenile • Eurasian Blackbird (4 to 5) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • European Robin (4) – singings bird holding territory • House Sparrow (3) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Dunnock (4) – singing bird holding territory and adult birds carrying food • European Greenfinch (2) – singing bird holding territory • European Goldfinch (3 to 6) – singing bird holding territory

Two species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no concrete evidence to confirm this:-

• Long-tailed Tit (1) – an adult bird was calling from the trees near the toilet block, the habitat in this area of dense bushes is typical of this species. No further sightings were made but this is a peak period for this species to be nesting and it would be expected it was breeding locally. • Chaffinch (1) – an adult male bird was calling from the trees by the toilet block during the survey on 21st February 2009. No further sightings were made of these species on the site although a single bird flew over on 21st March 2009, this last bird was thought to be migrating bird. This habitat is good for this species but no territorial birds were located.

Other birds

Eleven more species of bird were recorded and were not considered to be breeding these were:-

• Greylag Goose – one was seen flying over the site on 21st February 2009, with the lack of a water feature on the site there are no safe places for any geese species to breed. With Red Foxes breeding on the site this makes the site less favourable for this family of birds to use. • Canada Geese – eleven were seen flying over the site on 21st February 2009, as mentioned above this holds no favourable habitat for this species and is unlikely to be used. Like the above species both will only fly over the site and not use it, the two records refer to migrating birds. • Grey Heron – one was seen flying over the site during the survey on 30th May 2009. This species normally requires fish for its diet and lack of a water features mean it is unlikely to use the site. Any records of this species are likely refer to birds moving between feeding areas.

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• Herring Gull – seen flying over the site and during the survey on 21st March 2009 one was on the recreation ground, it was thought just to be feeding as there is no suitable habitat for this species to breed. The majority of the Herring Gulls breeding in London use roof tops of tall buildings to provide safe places to nest. The lack of this type of building on the site means they will not breed here. • Western Lesser Black-backed Gull – adult birds were seen flying over the site on 21st February and 30th May 2009 as birds were not seen on a regular basis it is unlikely they were breeding in the local area and just looking for food in this area. This species nest in similar locations to Herring Gull and this site is unsuitable for them to breed on. • Feral Pigeon – birds were seen flying over the site and resting on the site. There is no suitable habitat for this species to breed on the site. The closest suitable habitat is the neighbouring buildings such as the Princess Louise Hospital. • Eurasian Collared Dove – one was heard singing to the north of the site but no birds were recorded on or over the site to indicate breeding • Rose-ringed Parakeet – birds were observed flying over the site during most of the surveys, none were noted on the site and therefore with the lack of territorial behavour this species was not thought to breeding here. • Common Swift – two birds were seen flying over the site during the survey on 30th May 2009, this species nests in buildings and there are no suitable ones on the site. • Common Magpie – seen flying over the site and seen in neighbouring gardens this species was thought to be breeding nearby but not close to the site as I was not a frequent visitor. • Song Thrush – heard singing to the southwest of the site but was not observed on the site.

Recommendations

The site covers a moderate area and has little habitat specifically for birds, with minor changes to the site more birds could be attracted to the site.

• Habitat Improvement - the site could be improved by planting native hedgerows such as hawthorn, this plant creates thick cover for nesting birds and attracts healthy populations of insects. During the autumn and winter berries are also present, which is another important food source for birds. Non native plants can also be used such as pyracantha which also produces berries during the autumn. By increasing the cover available more species could be attracted to the site such as Song Thrush which is breeding nearby. Additional planting of insect attracting plants such as buddleja would benefit the local bird population.

Holy bushes should also be planted to provide a safe haven for birds to roost in. This would provide ideal cover for House Sparrows which are present in the gardens to the north. I would recommend that two bushes are planted at the north end of the garden and are allowed to grow to a relatively large size. Heavy pruning of this species limits its use as a roost site.

In addition, I would also propose the creation of small meadows such as the one in Cremorne Garden, this would enhance the natural seeds available on the site and attract more insects and sources of food for birds. Berry yielding plants could also be introduced such as honey suckle another important food source for birds during the autumn. Honeysuckle would also provide cover for birds if allowed to

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grow large enough. Teasels should also be grown which provide an excellent source of food for European Goldfinch.

• Food - no feeders were noted on the site and these should be introduced to provide additional food for the birds on the site. They should also be kept fully stocked throughout the year. A variety of food should be used, which should include seeds, nuts, fat balls and meal worms. A source of fresh water should be provided with a bird bath which is kept full and frost free throughout the year.

• Nestboxes - with few mature trees on the site or dense cover, additional breeding sites could be created by erecting nestboxes. Species such as Great Tit, Blue Tit, Winter Wren, European Starling and European Robin would all benefit from such habitat. The following nestboxes should be used for these species. I would also suggest House Sparrow nestboxes to encourage this species to move away from the house in Oakworth Road and give them a safe site to use.

Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit and Great Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

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Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) - Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) - Red list Red list

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) - Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) - Red list Red list

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) - Amber Greylag Goose (Anser anser) - Amber list list

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus graellsii) - Amber list

Common Swift (Apus apus) - Amber list

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) - Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) - Green list Green list

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) - Green Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') - Green list list

Great Tit (Parus major) - Green list Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) - Green list

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) - Green list Common Magpie (Pica pica) - Green list

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) - Green list

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Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hiemalis) - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) - Green list

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) - Green list

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) - Green list

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) - Green list

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) - Green list

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) - Introduced

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) - Introduced

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Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Greylag Goose (Anser anser) Recorded flying over the site

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Recorded flying over the site

Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) Recorded flying over the site

Recorded flying over the site and Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) feeding on the site

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus Recorded flying over the site fuscus graellsii)

Recorded flying over the site and seen Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') resting on the site

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) Breeding in the neighbour area

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) Recorded flying over the site

Common Swift (Apus apus) Recorded flying over the site

Recorded flying over the site or Common Magpie (Pica pica) neighbouring gardens

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) Breeding species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hiemalis) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) Breeding in the neighbour area

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

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Species (latin name) Note

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) Breeding species

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Breeding species

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

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Appendix 3 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 21 February 2009

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Appendix 4 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 21 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 3 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - Kensington Memorial Park map for 30 May 2009

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Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 15 to 18

Species Code

Woodpigeon WP

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Long-tailed Tit LT

Winter Wren WR

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

Song Thrush SH

European Robin R.

House Sparrow HS

Dunnock D.

Chaffinch CH

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

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Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 15 to 18

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Call c

Carrying food cf

Display flight df

Feeding f

Female (f)

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Nest n

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

           David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

            

 

by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Avondale from February to May 2009...... 3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 7

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country...... 9

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 11

Appendix 3 - Avondale, Kensington map for 27 February 2009...... 13

Appendix 4 - Avondale, Kensington map for 29 March 2009...... 14

Appendix 5 - Avondale, Kensington map for 1 May 2009...... 15

Appendix 6 - Avondale, Kensington map for 24 May 2009...... 16

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 17

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 18

       David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Avondale from February to May 2009

Method

Four thirty minutes surveys were carried out in February, March and May 2009 starting approximately sixty minutes before or after dawn. During this time, the whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Time Weather conditions conditions

05:59 to 8c, no wind and clear 1 27 February 2009 Excellent 06:26 hrs sky

08:20 to 5c, no wind and clear 2 29 March 2009 Excellent 08:49 hrs sky

07:30 to 11c, no wind and clear 3 1 May 2009 Excellent 08:01 hrs sky

06:53 to 6 to 7c, southeast wind 4 24 May 2009 Very good 07:45 hrs up to 5kph and clear sky

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Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

The main feature is a large recreation area in the middle of The mature trees provide some food this section. Surrounding it are a and nesting habitat, but there are North section number of trees and scrubs very few trees given the size of the around the edge. On the west area. There is also a limited range side there is a small wildlife of species that will use the area. garden with a pond.

In the middle of the area there is The dense south edge provides a children's recreation facility. more nesting and feeding habitat but Surrounding this are various South section the presence of London Planetrees trees and scrubs with a dense limit the value of the vegetation covering of trees along the south present. edge.

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Results

Friday 27 February 2009

Five species of bird were recorded at the site, four of these were considered to be breeding. They were Great Tit (1), Winter Wren (2), Eurasian Blackbird (6) and European Robin (4). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Two Carrion Crows were seen flying over the site although they were not considered to be breeding as they did not show any interest in the site or show any territorial behaviour such as singing.

Observations took place between - 05:59 to 06:26 hrs

Sunday 29 March 2009

Seventeen species of bird were recorded, thirteen of these were considered to be breeding. They were Stock Dove (1), Woodpigeon (1), Common Magpie (1), Carrion Crow (1), Blue Tit (1), Long-tailed Tit (1), Winter Wren (4), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (4), European Robin (3), Dunnock (1), European Greenfinch (3) and European Goldfinch (3).

Three other species were observed on the site but were not considered to be breeding: a single Great Cormorant flew over the site, ten Feral Pigeons were seen resting on the site and a Rose-ringed Parakeet was heard calling in the neighbouring gardens.

One European Starling was heard singing at the northern end of the park and was considered to be breeding at the site. This species is on the Red List which means it is either globally threatened or has suffered serious decline.

Observations took place between - 08:20 to 08:49 hrs

Friday 1 May 2009

Eleven species of bird were recorded, ten of these were considered to be breeding. They were Woodpigeon (1), Eurasian Jay (1), Great Tit (1), Coal Tit (1), Winter Wren (3), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (6), European Robin (1), Dunnock (1) and European Goldfinch (3).

An adult male Sparrowhawk was seen hunting through the park but no other sightings were recorded. A breeding pair on the site would be easily located as these birds are noisy when they return to the nest whilst they have young present.

During this survey two adult European Starlings were seen feeding on the east side of the park. This activity coupled with the singing male on the 29th March would strongly indicate breeding. This behaviour is indicative of adults collecting food to return to their nest site to feed their young.

Observations took place between - 07:30 to 08:01 hrs

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Sunday 24 May 2009

Twenty-two species of bird were recorded, twelve of these were considered to be breeding. These were Stock Dove (1), Woodpigeon (4), Blue Tit (1), Long-tailed Tit (1), Winter Wren (3), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (3), European Robin (1), Dunnock (1), Chaffinch (1), European Greenfinch (2) and European Goldfinch (2).

Ten other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Great Cormorant flew over the site, one adult Herring Gull flew over the site, one adult Western Lesser Black-backed Gull flew over the site, two Feral Pigeons were resting on the site, one Rose-ringed Parakeet flew over the site, ten Common Swift flew over site, one Great Spotted Woodpecker flew over the site and another was seen feeding in the site, one Common Magpie was seen on a neighbouring building, one Great Tit was feeding on the site and one Coal Tit was heard calling on the site.

A family group of European Starlings were seen feeding in the southeast side of the park. This family group was thought to have bred on the site.

Observations took place between - 06:53 to 07:45 hrs

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Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed sixteen species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Stock Dove (1) – nest site located • Woodpigeon (6) – singing birds holding territory • Common Magpie (1) – nest site located • Carrion Crow (1) – nest site located • Great Tit (2) – singing birds holding territory • Blue Tit (1) – singing birds holding territory • Coal Tit (1) – singing birds holding territory • Long-tailed Tit (1) – pair located • Winter Wren (5) – singing birds holding territory • European Starling (1) – family group located • Eurasian Blackbird (6 – 7) – singing birds holding territory • European Robin (7) – singing birds holding territory • Dunnock (2) – singing birds holding territory • Chaffinch (1) – singing birds holding territory • European Greenfinch (3 – 4) – singing birds holding territory • European Goldfinch (3 – 4) – singing birds holding territory

One species of bird was present on the site and was considered to be breeding although there was no evidence to confirm this:-

• Eurasian Jay - a single bird was present on site calling during the survey on 1st May 2009. The habitat is perfect for this species to breed, parkland with mature trees and lots of bushes. Eurasian Jays can be difficult to prove breeding, as typically they are a very secretive species when nesting.

Other birds

Eight more species of bird were recorded but were not considered to be breeding. These were:-

• Great Cormorant - seen flying over the site • Eurasian Sparrowhawk - a male was seen hunting over the site during the survey on 1st May 2009. This could indicate that the site was used only as hunting area and not for breeding • Herring Gull - seen flying over the site • Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - seen flying over the site • Feral Pigeon - several birds were present on the site • Rose-ringed Parakeet - seen flying over the site • Common Swift - seen flying over the site • Great Spotted Woodpecker - a female was seen feeding in the site during the survey on 24th May 2009.

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Recommendations

Despite the limited size of the site, a number of breeding species are present. Simple improvements to the site could increase the yield for the majority of species and possibly attract others to breed such as Song Thrush or House Sparrow.

• Habitat Improvement - where possible the removal of the non-native London Planetrees and replanting of native trees such as oak, hornbeam or horse chestnut etc will improve the habitat. The London Planetree does not provide good sources of food or nesting habitat, where as our native species can create an abundance of food and nesting habitat, this would be a long term project. These trees will take a minimum of five years to reach maturity and the London Planetrees should be removed at a similar rate to maintain cover on the site.

Short term projects could include introducing native hedgerows such as hawthorn. In addition to this holly bushes should be grown to provide cover, they should be allowed to grow to a substantial size and pruning kept to a minimum.

At a lower level small meadows could be created similar to the one in Cremorne Garden, this would enhance the natural seeds available on the site and attract more insects. Berry yielding plants could also be introduced such as honey suckle, another important food source for birds during the autumn.

• Food - additional food sources should be provided by using feeders. I would recommend that seeds, nuts, fat balls and meal worms are used. The birds will depend on this food and the feeders should be kept full during the summer months.

• Nestboxes - with limited sites for breeding, nestboxes can provide a safe alternative. The table below shows the type of nestbox to use and what species will use them. Although House Sparrows are not present on the site by erecting nestboxes for them and making food available this may attract them to the site. All nestboxes with holes should be protected with metal plates to stop predators such as Eastern Gray Squirrel getting in.

Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit, Great Tit and Coal Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

Large hole-entrance Stock Dove

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

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Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Starling - Red list Herring Gull - Red list

Stock Dove - Amber list Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - Amber list

Dunnock - Amber list Common Swift - Amber list

Woodpigeon - Green list Great Cormorant - Green list

Eurasian Jay - Green list Eurasian Sparrowhawk - Green list

Common Magpie - Green list Feral Pigeon - Green list

Carrion Crow - Green list Great Spotted Woodpecker - Green list

Great Tit - Green list

Blue Tit - Green list

Coal Tit - Green list

Long-tailed Tit - Green list

Winter Wren - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird - Green list

European Robin - Green list

Chaffinch - Green list

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Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Greenfinch - Green list

European Goldfinch - Green list

Rose-ringed Parakeet - Introduced list

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Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) Recorded only flying over

Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) Recorded only flying over

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Recorded only flying over

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus graellsii) Recorded only flying over

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Breeding species

Stock Dove (Columba oenas) Breeding species

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) Breeding in the neighbour area

Common Swift (Apus apus) Breeding in the neighbour area

Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) Breeding in the neighbour area

Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) Breeding species

Common Magpie (Pica pica) Breeding species

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Coal Tit (Parus ater) Breeding species

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) Breeding species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hiemalis) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

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Species (latin name) Note

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Breeding species

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

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Appendix 3 - Avondale, Kensington map for 27 February 2009

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Appendix 4 - Avondale, Kensington map for 29 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - Avondale, Kensington map for 1 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - Avondale, Kensington map for 24 May 2009

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Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 13 to 16

Species Code

Sparrowhawk SH

Stock Dove SD

Woodpigeon WP

Rose-ringed Parakeet RI

Great Spotted Woodpecker GS

Eurasian Jay J.

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Coal Tit CT

Long-tailed Tit LT

Winter Wren WR

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

European Robin R.

Dunnock D.

Chaffinch CH

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

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Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 13 to 16

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Call c

Display d

Feeding f

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Nest n

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

        

   

by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Holland Park from February to May 2009...... 3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 9

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....13

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 15

Appendix 3 - Holland Park map for 27 February 2009...... 18

Appendix 4 - Holland Park map for 29 March 2009...... 19

Appendix 5 - Holland Park map for 16 April 2009 - Eurasian Woodcock Survey....20

Appendix 6 - Holland Park map for 1 May 2009...... 21

Appendix 6 - Holland Park map for 24 May 2009...... 22

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 23

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 25

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Holland Park from February to May 2009

Method

Four two hour surveys were carried out in February, March and May 2009 starting approximately sixty minutes before or after dawn. During this time, the whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

During April 2009 a Woodcock survey was also completed, this started one hour before sunset and the site was walked stopping to listen for Woodcock displaying. The site was also scanned for display flights.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Time Weather conditions conditions

06:30 to 8c, no wind and clear 1 27 February 2009 Excellent 08:25 hrs sky

05:45 to 5c, no wind and clear 2 29 March 2009 Excellent 08:13 hrs sky

Woodcock Survey 19:10 to 13c, no wind and 3 Very good 16 April 2009 20:57 hrs overcast

04:45 to 11c, no wind and clear 4 1 May 2009 Excellent 07:19 hrs sky

04:21 to 6 to 7c, southeast wind 5 24 May 2009 Very good 06:48 hrs up to 5kph and clear sky

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Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

Mature woodland mixed with The woodland provides an abundance of food, bushes and some grass shelter and nest sites for birds. What is surprising verges. Along the northern is the low numbers of woodpeckers present end there is a conservation indicating a lack for food for this family of birds. area which has over grown Modifying the state of some of the trees e.g. vegetation that provides more killing some trees so they start to decay, could North section cover for feeding and nesting. increase the yield for woodpeckers. Tawny Owls A small pond is also situated are also breeding on the site, which indicates a here. Along the eastern edge large mammal population is also present. Small an area has been opened up mammals represent the bulk of their diet. by creating a clearing which is Analysis of their pellets would confirm what shaded by mature trees and species are being consumed. The site could then wildflowers growing. be managed to maintain this mammal population.

The large recreation area reduces the potential The northern edge is for bird but the surprising find was two dominated by numerous Woodcocks which flew up from this area during buildings. However, it also the survey on 29 March 2009. This may indicate includes a large number of this species is breeding on the site or uses this mature trees. Towards the South section area to feed. The east edge has some surprising south is a large recreation species breeding here considering there is a lack ground which is covered in of cover e.g. bushes. Species present included short grass. The east edge Song Thrush. This shows the importance of the has a long avenue of mature neighbouring habitat e.g. the gardens where it is trees. assumed the nest sites are located.

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Results

Friday 27 February 2009

Thirty-two species of bird were recorded at the site, twenty-four of these were considered to be breeding. They were Mallard (3), Common Moorhen (2), Stock Dove (2), Woodpigeon (12), Rose-ringed Parakeet (1), Green Woodpecker (1), Common Magpie (1 to 4), Carrion Crow (4), Great Tit (7), Blue Tit (15), Coal Tit (3), Long-tailed Tit (4 to 6), Goldcrest (6), Winter Wren (22), Eurasian Nuthatch (1), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (6), Song Thrush (3), Mistle Thrush (1), European Robin (25), Dunnock (7), Chaffinch (3 to 4), European Greenfinch (6) and European Goldfinch (3). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Eight other species of bird were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Canada Goose was heard flying over the site, three Common Gulls were feeding on the recreation ground, one adult Herring Gull flew over the site, one adult Western Lesser Black-backed Gull flew over the site, five Common Black-headed Gulls were feeding on the recreation ground, ten Feral Pigeons were resting on the site outside the cafeteria, four Eurasian Jackdaws flew over the site and one Grey Wagtail flew over the site.

The Herring Gull that flew over the site showed no interest in the site and passed over it two to three hundred metres up in the air, this indicates it was a migrating bird. One European Starling was singing, holding territory from the east side of the recreation ground. Three Song Thrushes were singing holding territory singing from each of the three locations: the southwest corner of the recreation ground, north of the accommodation on the east side and from the east end of the conservation area at the north end of the site. These three species are all on the Red list, which are species that are globally threatened or has suffered serious decline.

Observations took place between - 06:30 to 08:25 hrs

Sunday 29 March 2009

Thirty-one species of bird were recorded, twenty-five of these were considered to be breeding. They were Mallard (3), Common Moorhen (1), Eurasian Woodcock (1), Stock Dove (6), Woodpigeon (10), Rose-ringed Parakeet (2), Great Spotted Woodpecker (1), Green Woodpecker (1), Eurasian Jay (1), Common Magpie (2), Carrion Crow (5), Great Tit (15 to 16), Blue Tit (23), Coal Tit (4), Long-tailed Tit (2 to 3), Blackcap (1), Goldcrest (1 to 2), Winter Wren (26), Eurasian Blackbird (16 to 21), Song Thrush (5 to 9), European Robin (37 to 38), Dunnock (2), Chaffinch (3), European Greenfinch (3) and European Goldfinch (1).

Six other species of bird were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one adult Grey Heron was fishing on the small pond at the northern end of the wood, one Great Cormorant flew over the site, three immature Herring Gulls flew over the site, one adult Western Lesser Black-backed Gull flew over the site, ten Feral Pigeons were resting by the cafeteria and five Meadow Pipits flew high over the site.

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Three immature Herring Gulls flew over the site, this species does not breed until it has reached an adult plumage and showed no signs they were using the site. They just appeared to be migrating over. Breeding signs from this species would including a pair displaying at each other, an adult bird chasing away another gull species and adult birds dive bombing possible predators including humans. None of these actions were recorded and this species was not considered to be breeding on the site.

Up to nine pairs of Song Thrush were considered to be breeding on the site. There was a mixture of behavioural characteristics shown such as birds holding territory, singing or adult bird carrying food. Seven pairs were present in the north section of the site and two in the southern section. This shows that the woodland area, which covers the majority of the north section holds rich feeding and breeding habitat for this species.

Observations took place between - 05:45 to 08:13 hrs

Thursday 16 April 2009 - Eurasian Woodcock Survey

Twenty-one species of birds were recorded, two Eurasian Woodcock calls were heard from the north section of the wood. It was thought that a pair might be present but both calls could relate to one non- breeding bird.

No Eurasian Woodcock were seen roding around the park. Roding is a Eurasian Woodcocks display flight and they call whilst doing this. It is unclear if a pair is breeding on the site and whether the two calls relate to just one non-breeding bird. It is also possible that with only one pair on the site their display period has shortened as there are not many bird present and their desire to proclaim their territory is shortened.

Eighteen other species of bird were recorded during the survey and were considered to be breeding: Mallard, Common Moorhen, Woodpigeon, Rose-ringed Parakeet, Tawny Owl, Great Spotted Woodpecker, Green Woodpecker, Common Magpie, Carrion Crow, Great Tit, Blue Tit, Long-tailed Tit, Goldcrest, Winter Wren, Eurasian Blackbird, Song Thrush, European Robin and Chaffinch. No totals were counted during this survey as the focus was to establish if Eurasian Woodcock were breeding on the site.

Both male and female Tawny Owls were heard calling throughout the survey period both, this indicates a bonded pair were present on the site and could be breeding. Confirmed breeding on such a site where the nest has not been located is very difficult as young birds are notorious for concealing themselves in dense undergrowth.

Two other species of bird were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Herring Gull flew over site after the sun had set. Two European Swallows flew north at 19:27 hrs, this species does not breed in London and is rural breeding species, the date falls during the spring migration period of this species in London.

Observations took place between - 19:10 to 20:57

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Friday 1 May 2009

Thirty-seven species of bird were recorded, twenty-seven of these were considered to be breeding. They were Mallard (1), Eurasian Sparrowhawk (1), Common Moorhen (2), Stock Dove (2), Woodpigeon (27), Tawny Owl (1), Great Spotted Woodpecker (1), Green Woodpecker (1), Eurasian Jay (1), Carrion Crow (3), Great Tit (12), Blue Tit (13), Coal Tit (3 to 4), Long-tailed Tit (1 to 3), Common Chiffchaff (1), Blackcap (5), Goldcrest (2), Winter Wren (39), Eurasian Nuthatch (1), Eurasian Blackbird (18), Song Thrush (5 to 8), Mistle Thrush (1), European Robin (23), Dunnock (2), Chaffinch (4), European Greenfinch (8) and European Goldfinch (1).

Ten other species of bird were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Herring Gull flew over the site, two adult Western Lesser Black-backed Gulls flew over the site, fifteen Feral Pigeons were resting in the cafeteria area, one European Turtle Dove flew over the site, up to five Rose-ringed Parakeet were heard calling on the site, one Common Swift flew over the site, one Common Magpie was feeding on the site, one European Swallow flew over the site, one Lesser Whitethroat was seen feeding on the site and two European Starlings flew over the site.

One adult Herring Gull flew over the site, but it did not show any signs of breeding such as aggressive behaviour whilst defending its nest or displaying. The large building on the east edge of the site is suitable for breeding but no birds were noted resting on it. One European Turtle Dove flew over the site, this is a typical date for this species to arrive in this country and with no territorial behaviour noted this was not considered to be breeding on the site. It was considered to be a migrant bird. Up to eight Song Thrushes were considered to be breeding on the site. Two European Starlings were noted flying over the site and were not thought to be breeding on the site.

Observations took place between - 04:45 to 07:19 hrs

Sunday 24 May 2009

Twenty-nine species of bird were recorded, twenty-one of these were considered to be breeding. They were Mallard (2), Common Moorhen (1), Woodpigeon (23 to 25), Tawny Owl (1), Great Spotted Woodpecker (1 to 2), Common Magpie (1), Carrion Crow (2), Great Tit (3), Blue Tit (4), Long-tailed Tit (2), Blackcap (2), Goldcrest (3), Winter Wren (33), Eurasian Blackbird (7 to 10), Song Thrush (8 to 9), Mistle Thrush (2), European Robin (20 to 22), Dunnock (2), Chaffinch (4), European Greenfinch (1) and European Goldfinch (2 to 3).

Eight other species of bird were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Great Cormorant flew over the site, eleven Western Lesser Black-backed Gulls were feeding on the recreation ground at the southern end of the site. Two Feral Pigeons were resting in the cafeteria area, ten Rose-ringed Parakeets were recorded flying over the site, five Common Swifts were seen flying over the site, two Eurasian Jay were feeding on the site, one Coal Tit was heard calling on the site and one European Starling flew over the site.

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One European Starling flew over the site and did not show any indication it was breeding on the site. At this time of year the majority of European Starlings have fledged their young, it is possible that this bird has bred on the site and was feeding its young somewhere off site.

Observations took place between - 04:21 to 06:48 hrs

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Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed twenty-eight species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Mallard (4) – displaying pairs • Stock Dove (8 to 9) – singing birds holding territory • Woodpigeon (31 to 35) – singing birds holding territory • Rose-ringed Parakeet (3) – singing birds holding territory • Tawny Owl (1) – singing birds holding territory • Great Spotted Woodpecker (1 to 2) – singing birds holding territory • Green Woodpecker (1) – singing birds holding territory • Eurasian Jay (1 to 2) – singing birds holding territory • Common Magpie (1 to 3) – singing birds holding territory • Carrion Crow (5 to 9) – singing birds holding territory • Great Tit (21) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Blue Tit (30) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Coal Tit (6 to 7) – singing birds holding territory • Long-tailed Tit (5) – pair located and recently fledged juveniles • Common Chiffchaff (1) – singing birds holding territory • Blackcap (2 to 6) – singing birds holding territory • Goldcrest (8) – singing birds holding territory • Winter Wren (39 to 45) – singing birds holding territory • Eurasian Nuthatch (1) – singing birds holding territory • European Starling (1) – singing birds holding territory • Eurasian Blackbird (25 to 26) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Song Thrush (11 to 12) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Mistle Thrush (2) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • European Robin (42 to 43) – singing birds holding territory • Dunnock (7 to 10) – singing birds holding territory • Chaffinch (7) – singing birds holding territory • European Greenfinch (8 to 10) – singing birds holding territory • European Goldfinch (4 to 5) – singing birds holding territory and recently fledged juveniles

Three species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no evidence to confirm this:-

• Eurasian Sparrowhawk (1) – during the survey on 1 May, an adult female was heard calling from a tree at the north end of the site. The bird flew off and then returned to perch on this area again and began calling. This behaviour indicates it was breeding in the area and possibly calling to its mate. Although no males were seen displaying breeding was suspected, with such deep cover on the site a pair would be very difficult to detect until the young have hatched, normally in July.

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• Common Moorhen (3) – adult birds were observed on the three water bodies present on the site. No displaying behaviour was observed but with single pairs present on each pond they have no other pairs to defend their territories against. • Eurasian Woodcock (1) – during the survey on 29th March two Eurasian Woodcocks flew up from the northern end of the recreation ground and disappeared into the woods to the north. Given the late time of year for this observation it was suspected these were a breeding pair. A specific Eurasian Woodcock survey was carried out on 16th April 2009, where at dusk a single bird called twice. This provides evidence of Eurasian Woodcock being present during the breeding season but no roding birds were observed (Eurasian Woodcocks territorial flight).

Other birds

Fifteen more species of bird were recorded but were not considered to be breeding. These were:-

• Canada Geese - one bird was seen flying over during the survey on 27 February but showed no interest in the site. The site is not suitable for this species as there are no large bodies of water for this species to breed safely on. • Grey Heron - an adult was seen fishing on the pond southeast of the conservation area. There were no other sightings of Grey Heron and the site is not suitable for this species as there are no wooded islands for this species to breed on. • Great Cormorant - two single observations of this species were recorded flying over the site during the surveys on 29 March and 24 May. Water bodies present are too small for this species to feed in. • Common Gull - two adults and one first-winter bird were present on the recreation ground at the south end of the site during the survey on 27th February 2009. This species does not breed in London and no further sightings were made. • Herring Gull - adults and immature birds were recorded during all the surveys. They were only noted flying over the site and showed no interest in the site. • Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - adults were recorded during all the surveys but like Herring Gulls none showed any interest in the site. • Common Black-headed Gull - five were feeding with the Common Gulls observed during the survey on 27 February. There is no suitable habitat for this species to breed on the site, they generally tend to nest on islands or tern rafts and coastal sites. • Feral Pigeon - several birds were present on the site during the surveys around the cafeteria, it was suspected they were breeding locally although no nests site were located during the surveys. They are attracted to the site by food left in this area. • European Turtle Dove - a single bird flew north and appeared to be migrating straight through the site. This species is not an urban species and was considered to be a migrating bird. Given the scarcity of this species this is a very note worthy record. • Common Swift - up to five were recorded flying over the site, this species breeds in buildings and there are no suitable tall buildings for this species to nest in. • Eurasian Jackdaw - four flew high northeast over the site during the survey on 27 February. This observation took place during the peak spring migration for this species. • European Swallow - three birds were observed migrating over the site during the surveys on 16th April and 1 May. This is a rural breeding species and both observations were of birds flying straight through the site. This is typical of this species when it is migrating.

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• Lesser Whitethroat - one adult was seen feeding on the east side of the site during the survey on 1 May. This bird showed no signs of territorial behaviour and was thought to be a migrant. • Grey Wagtail - one bird flew over the site during the survey on 27th February 2009. No further observations were made of this species and breeding can be eliminated as no territorial behaviour was noted. • Meadow Pipit - five birds flew north during the survey on 29 March. This species migrates through London during March and typically breeds in meadows, coastal sites and upland moors. There is no suitable habitat for this species on this site.

Recommendations

The site has some excellent woodland habitat and has a rich environment that enables high densities of woodland species to breed. Improved habitat management could further develop the site to attract species such as Eurasian Woodcock and Woodpeckers.

• Habitat Improvement - there are low numbers of Woodpeckers breeding on the site. This may be affected by the lack of suitable nest sites or food availability. Both reasons could be adjusted by killing London Planetrees. This would provide an excellent food source and nest sites in six years or so. Selecting London Planetrees would also improve the site without affecting other species of trees which are valuable to the site. London Planetree whilst alive do not provide a good source of food or nesting habitat for birds, but once killed they will decay transforming them into a value source of food and nest sites. This would be long term project, as these trees take a minimum of five years to reach maturity.

To improve the habitat for Eurasian Woodcocks I would recommend the planting of Dogs Mercury. This species is used by Eurasian Woodcocks to forage in. Eurasian Woodcock like damp conditions and in such an urban environment it would be difficult to flood sections of the woodland. Creating two more ponds on the east side of the site where there is a wooded glade could provide muddy margins for Eurasian Woodcocks to feed in.

There are large sections of Holly bushes in the northern section of the wood and these should not be pruned as it was suspected the Tawny Owls were using these to roost in.

Short term projects could also include introducing native hedgerows such as blackthorn or hawthorn. These could be grown in the beds along the west edge of the site providing more feeding and nesting habitat for birds such as Dunnocks and Song Thrushes. They will also attract insects and yield berries in the autumn, providing more food for birds. Other berry producing plants could also be used such honeysuckle.

Creating a small meadow similar to the one in Cremorne Gardens, would enhance the natural seeds available on the site and attract more insects. This is important for species such as European Greenfinch and Goldfinch which are both only represented in small numbers on the site.

• Food sources - feeders are currently being used on the site and should be maintained as a long term project. To prevent rats being attracted to the food being dropped below them, dustbin lids or

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something similar could be suspended about twenty centimetres below to catch these. Cages can also be used to stop Rose-ringed Parakeets and Feral Pigeons from feeding.

• Nestboxes - there are numerous nestboxes present on the site and majority of these are designed for Great or Blue Tits. Additional nestboxes should be put up for other species and metal plates should be attached to them to stop predators such as Eastern Gray Squirrel getting in. The table below shows the specific type of nestbox to use to attract different species. By erecting a suitable nestbox for Tawny Owls, pellets could be collected and analysed. This would allow one to identify their current mammal food source and if required introduce the necessary habitat changes to maintain or boost this population.

Nestbox type Species

Medium hole-entrance European Starling, Great Spotted Woodpecker

Large hole-entrance Stock Dove, Tawny Owl

Large open-fronted Tawny Owl

Small hole-entrance made from log Eurasian Nuthatch

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

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Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Starling - Red list Herring Gull - Red list

Song Thrush - Red list European Turtle Dove - Red list

Mallard - Amber list Common Gull - Amber list

Eurasian Woodcock - Amber list Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - Amber list

Stock Dove - Amber list Common Black-headed Gull - Amber list

Mistle Thrush - Amber list Common Swift - Amber list

Dunnock - Amber list European Swallow - Amber list

Grey Wagtail - Amber list

Meadow Pipit - Amber list

Eurasian Sparrowhawk - Green list Grey Heron - Green list

Common Moorhen - Green list Great Cormorant - Green list

Woodpigeon - Green list Feral Pigeon - Green list

Tawny Owl - Green list Eurasian Jackdaw - Green list

Great Spotted Woodpecker - Green list Lesser Whitethroat - Green list

Green Woodpecker - Green list

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Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Eurasian Jay - Green list

Common Magpie - Green list

Carrion Crow - Green list

Great Tit - Green list

Blue Tit - Green list

Coal Tit - Green list

Long-tailed Tit - Green list

Common Chiffchaff - Green list

Blackcap - Green list

Goldcrest - Green list

Winter Wren - Green list

Eurasian Nuthatch - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird - Green list

European Robin - Green list

Chaffinch - Green list

European Greenfinch - Green list

European Goldfinch - Green list

Rose-ringed Parakeet - Introduced Canada Goose - Introduced

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Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Recorded only flying over

Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Breeding species

Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) Recorded only flying over

Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) Recorded only flying over

Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) Breeding species

Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) Breeding species

Eurasian Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) Breeding species

Common Gull (Larus canus canus) Wintering species

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Breeding in the neighbour area

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus graellsii) Breeding in the neighbour area

Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) Wintering species

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Breeding species

Stock Dove (Columba oenas) Breeding species

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

European Turtle Dove (Streptopelia turtur) Migrant species

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) Breeding species

Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) Breeding species

Common Swift (Apus apus) Breeding in the neighbour area

Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) Breeding species

Green Woodpecker (Picus viridis) Breeding species

Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) Breeding species

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Species (latin name) Note

Common Magpie (Pica pica) Breeding species

Eurasian Jackdaw (Corvus monedula) Migrant species

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Coal Tit (Parus ater) Breeding species

European Swallow (Hirundo rustica rustica) Migrant species

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) Breeding species

Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) Breeding species

Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) Breeding species

Lesser Whitethroat (Sylvia curruca) Migrant species

Goldcrest (Regulus regulus) Breeding species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) Breeding species

Eurasian Nuthatch (Sitta europaea) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) Breeding species

Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus) Breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea) Wintering species

Meadow Pipit (Anthus pratensis) Migrant species

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Breeding species

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Species (latin name) Note

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

          David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 3 - Holland Park map for 27 February 2009

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Appendix 4 - Holland Park map for 29 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - Holland Park map for 16 April 2009 - Eurasian Woodcock Survey

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 6 - Holland Park map for 1 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - Holland Park map for 24 May 2009

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Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 18 to 22

Species Code

Mallard MA

Moorhen MH

Sparrowhawk SH

Moorhen MH

Eurasian Woodcock WK

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull LB

Stock Dove SD

Woodpigeon WP

Rose-ringed Parakeet RI

Tawny Owl TO

Great Spotted Woodpecker GS

Green Woodpecker G.

Eurasian Jay J.

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Coal Tit CT

Long-tailed Tit LT

Common Chiffchaff CC

Blackcap BC

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Species Code

Goldcrest GC

Winter Wren WR

Eurasian Nuthatch NH

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

Song Thrush ST

Mistle Thrush M.

European Robin R.

Dunnock D.

Chaffinch CH

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 18 to 22

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Call c

Carrying food cf

Display d

Display flight df

Family fa

Feeding f

Female (f)

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Nest n

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

            

  

by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at St Lukeʼs Gardens from February to May 2009...... 3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 7

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....10

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 12

Appendix 3 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 22 February 2009...... 14

Appendix 4 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 27 March 2009...... 15

Appendix 5 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 4 May 2009...... 16

Appendix 6 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 25 May 2009...... 17

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 18

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 19

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at St Lukeʼs Gardens from February to May 2009

Method

Four visits were made in February, March and May 2009 starting either an hour before or after dawn and lasting approximately for thirty minutes. The whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Duration Weather conditions conditions

1 07:39 to 8c, south west up to 10 22 February 2009 Good 08:11 hrs kph and overcast

2 05:58 to 5 to 6c, no wind and 27 March 2009 Excellent 06:34 hrs clear sky

3 04:44 to 9 to 10c, no wind and 4 May 2009 Excellent 05:43 hrs clear sky

4 05:17 to 15c, up to 5kph wind 25 May 2009 Very Good 06:18 hrs and clear sky

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

This section is dominated by the The large areas designated for large recreation facility in the recreational use limits the middle, with a small childrenʼs play potential for birds. The cover at area on the east side. The area is the east end attracts more North section bordered by mature trees mostly species. This habitat is boosted London Planetrees, scrub covers by the neighbouring gardens that the east side and ivy grows along provide more food and cover for the fencing that encompasses the birds. church.

There is more cover in this The main feature of this area is the section and the grass provides shortly cut grass which covers the some feeding for the birds which majority of the area. The edges are is not available in the north bordered by mature trees again, the section. The south section is South section majority are London Planetrees. more attractive to birds than the Bushes cover the ground directly north section. Simple under the trees and a few cherry improvements could increase the trees are dotted across the grass potential of this area and attract area. more birds.

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Results

Friday 22 February 2009

Eighteen species of bird were recorded, twelve of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (1), Common Magpie (1), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (1), Long-tailed Tit (1), Goldcrest (1 to 2), Winter Wren (2), Eurasian Blackbird (2), European Robin (1), Chaffinch (1) and European Greenfinch (1). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Six other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Herring Gull flew over the site, ten Common Black-headed Gulls flew over the site, fifteen Feral Pigeons were resting on the site and were thought to be breeding on the church. An adult male Great Spotted Woodpecker was seen feeding in the southwest corner of the site, one European Starling flew over the site and a Dunnock was heard calling from neighbouring gardens.

Herring Gull and European Starling were seen flying over the site but neither showed any signs of interest in the site. These two species are on the Red List which means they are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Observations took place between - 07:39 to 08:11 hr

Sunday 27 March 2009

Seventeen species of bird were recorded, ten of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (2), Long-tailed Tit (1), Winter Wren (2), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (2), Chaffinch (1) and European Greenfinch (4).

Seven other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Greylag Goose flew over the site, one adult Herring Gull flew over the site, five Feral Pigeons were present on the site. One Common Magpie was seen feeding on the north section, four European Robins were seen feeding on the site, one Pied Wagtail flew over the site and four Meadow Pipits flew over the site.

One European Starling was heard singing at the northwest corner of the site and was thought to be breeding on the site. One adult Herring Gull flew over the site but it did not show any interest in the site and was thought to be breeding locally but not on the site its self or any of the neighbouring buildings.

Observations took place between - 05:58 to 06:34 hrs

Friday 4 May 2009

Fifteen species of bird were recorded, ten of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (3 to 5), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (1), Eurasian Blackbird (6 to 7), European Robin (2 to 3), Chaffinch (1), European Greenfinch (2) and European Goldfinch (4).

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Five other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Mallard flew over the site, three adult Herring Gulls flew over the site, two adult Western Lesser Black-backed Gulls flew over the site. For the latter two species although all the birds were mature enough to breed they showed no interest in the site and were not thought to be breeding locally. Eleven Feral Pigeons were present on the site and one adult European Starling was seen feeding on the east edge of the site.

The Herring Gulls observed over the site did not display any behaviour indicating breeding on the site or nearby. Behaviour such as displaying or an aggressive reaction to humans on the site would illustrate this. The adult European Starling that was seen feeding on the site was thought to be breeding nearby but it was not clear if this was on the site, so it could not be included in the breeding bird totals.

Observations took place between - 04:44 to 05:43 hrs

Sunday 25 May 2009

Fifteen species of bird were recorded, eleven of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2 to 3), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (1 to 2), Winter Wren (2), Eurasian Blackbird (3 to 5), European Robin (2 to 4), Dunnock (1), Chaffinch (1), European Greenfinch (3) and European Goldfinch (2).

Four other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Mallard flew over the site, one Herring Gull was perched on the church but this was not thought to be breeding here as no mate joined and there was no sign of a nest. Herring Gulls nests are made of large twigs constructed in a rather haphazard and untidy fashion. This makes their nests very easy to locate. The absence of any nests on this site and the lack of any other evidence to indicate breeding suggests they only use this site to local food from. Fifteen Feral Pigeons were resting on the site and three Common Swifts were seen flying over the site.

Observations took place between - 05:17 to 06:18 hrs

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Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed thirteen species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Woodpigeon (3 to 5) – singing bird holding territory • Carrion Crow (1) – nest site located • Great Tit (2) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Blue Tit (2 to 3) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Long-tailed Tit (1) – pair located • Winter Wren (2) – singing bird holding territory • European Starling (1) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Eurasian Blackbird (4 to 5) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • European Robin (4) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Dunnock (1) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Chaffinch (1 to 2) – singing bird holding territory • European Greenfinch (4 to 7) – singing bird holding territory • European Goldfinch (4) – singing bird holding territory

Two species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no concrete evidence to confirm this:-

• Common Magpie – single birds were present on the site during the surveys on 22nd February and 27th March 2009 but no pairs were noted or nest sites located. It is possible that this an lone individual that did not attract a mate, hence its presence during the breeding season. • Goldcrest (2) – two males were singing on the site during the survey on 22nd February 2009. The following visits did not locate these birds again, so it is possible they were breeding elsewhere or were unable to attract mates to breed with and moved on.

Other birds

Ten more species of bird were recorded and were not considered to be breeding these were:-

• Greylag Goose – one was seen flying over the site during the survey on 27th March 2009. There was no indication it was interested in the site, this species nest beside waterbodies. None are present on the site making it unsite not suitable for this species. • Mallard – single birds flew over the site during the surveys on 4th and 25th May 2009. There is suitable habitat on the site for this species as they nest in holes in trees or on the ground where there is sufficient cover, however the presence of Red Foxes will deter this species. There was no sign of any breeding activity on the site indicated by behaviour such as displaying pairs or birds resting on the site. • Herring Gull – seen during all four surveys either flying over or perching on the church roof. There was no indication they were breeding here as no territorial behaviour was noted or nest site located.

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• Western Lesser Black-backed Gull – two adult birds flew over the site during the survey on 4th May 2009. They showed no interest in the site or territorial behaviour and were therefore not considered to be breeding on the site. Breeding pairs or nest site of this species are usually fairly easy to locate. • Common Black-headed Gull – ten were see flying over the site during survey on 22nd February 2009 and showed no interest in the site or territorial behaviour. This species of gull nest on islands or tern rafts. As no large water bodies are present on the site no breeding would take place. • Feral Pigeon – this species was present during all of the surveys and were thought to be breeding on the church. They were always noted resting and are attracted to the site because the church will hold many ledges for this species to breed and visitors to the site are thought to be leaving food for this species. • Common Swift – three birds were seen flying over the site during the survey on 25th May 2009. This species nests in eaves on buildings and none are present on the site. • Great Spotted Woodpecker – a male was seen feeding on the site during 22nd February survey but no further observations were made of this species. February is the peak month for this species drumming (a woodpeckers territorial behaviour), but since this was not recorded and no further sightings made, it can be concluded this species is not breeding on this site and is only feeding here occasionally. • Pied Wagtail – one flew over the site during the survey on 27th March 2009. With no further observation or territorial behaviour, breeding clearly did not take place on the site or locally. The bird was thought to be a migrant as the record coincides with the peak spring migration for this species. • Meadow Pipit – four flew over the site during the survey on 27th March 2009. This species usually breeds on moorland or open grassland. With none of this habitat present on the site or further observations made Meadow Pipit was not considered to be breeding on the site.

Recommendations

The site is separated into two sections by the church. The north section is limited as to what improvements can be made because the majority of the area is used for recreation or childrenʼs play equipment. The majority, of the south section is green and therefore more changes to the site can be made to make it more attractive for birds. Both sections can be improved using the suggestions below.

• Habitat Improvement - the site is bordered by large mature trees, a significant number of these are the non-native London Planetrees. A long term scheme should be put in place to remove these and replant them with native or wildlife friendly trees such as oak or horn beam or horse chestnut etc. These will provide nesting and feeding areas for birds, London Planetrees do not attract as much wildlife and an example of this was that the only birds thought or confirmed to breeding in these trees were: Carrion Crow and European Starling.

Another possible project would be to create native hedgerows with blackthorn or hawthorn, these plants create thick cover for nesting birds and attract healthy populations of insects. During the autumn and winter berries are present which are both important food sources for birds. Additional planting of insect attracting plants such as buddleja or honey suckle should also be considered. Non native plants can also be used such as pyracantha which also produces berries during the autumn. Where possible the corners of the grass on the south section should be allowed to be grown into miniature meadows, these will also attract insects and again provide more food sources for birds.

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• Food Sources - feeders are being used on the site and more could be introduced including one with anti East Gray Squirrel devices on them. There was only one seed feeder, so I would recommend using a different mix of foods, such as peanuts, fat balls and meal worms. These should be refilled thought out the year. I could not identify a clear source of water so I would recommend a bird bath that is kept full. These can be attached to buildings at an appropriate height to prevent vandalism.

• Nestboxes - with limited sites for breeding, nestboxes can provide safe sites for species to breed in. Species such as Great Tit, Blue Tit, Winter Wren, European Starling, Eurasian Blackbird and European Robin would all benefit from such habitat. The following nestboxes should be used for these species. I would also suggest House Sparrow nestboxes to encourage this species to the site.

Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit and Great Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

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Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Starling - Red list Herring Gull - Red list

Dunnock - Amber list Greylag Goose - Amber list

Mallard - Amber list

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - Amber list

Common Black-headed Gull - Amber list

Common Swift - Amber list

Meadow Pipit - Amber list

Woodpigeon - Green list Feral Pigeon - Green list

Carrion Crow - Green list Great Spotted Woodpecker - Green list

Great Tit - Green list Common Magpie - Green list

Blue Tit - Green list Pied Wagtail - Green list

Long-tailed Tit - Green list

Goldcrest - Green list

Winter Wren - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird - Green list

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Robin - Green list

Chaffinch - Green list

European Greenfinch - Green list

European Goldfinch - Green list

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Greylag Goose (Anser anser) Recorded only flying over

Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Recorded only flying over

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Recorded only flying over

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus Recorded only flying over fuscus graellsii)

Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) Breeding species

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Breeding species

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Common Swift (Apus apus) Recorded only flying over

Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos Recorded feeding during one survey major) only

Recorded feeding during two surveys Common Magpie (Pica pica) only

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) Breeding species

Goldcrest (Regulus regulus) Breeding species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hiemalis) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Species (latin name) Note

Pied Wagtail (Motacilla alba yarrellii) Recorded only flying over

Meadow Pipit (Anthus pratensis) Recorded only flying over

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Breeding species

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 3 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 22 February 2009

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 4 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 27 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 4 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - St Lukeʼs Gardens map for 25 May 2009

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 14 to 17

Species Code

Woodpigeon WP

Great Spotted Woodpecker GS

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Long-tailed Tit LT

Goldcrest GC

Winter Wren WR

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

European Robin R.

Dunnock D.

Chaffinch CH

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 14 to 17

Behaviour Code

Call c

Feeding f

Female (f)

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Nest n

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

              

      

by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Westfield Park from February to May 2009...... 3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 7

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....10

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 12

Appendix 3 - Westfield Park map for 22 February 2009...... 14

Appendix 4 - Westfield Park map for 27 March 2009...... 15

Appendix 5 - Westfield Park map for 4 May 2009...... 16

Appendix 6 - Westfield Park map for 25 May 2009...... 17

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 18

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 19

            David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Westfield Park from February to May 2009

Method

Four visits were made in February, March and May 2009 starting either an hour before or after dawn and lasting for approximately twenty minutes. The whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Duration Weather conditions conditions

9c, west up to seven kph 06:15 to 1 22 February 2009 and overcast with some Very good 06:50 hrs bright spells

06:36 to 6c, southwest up to 12 2 27 March 2009 Good 07:11 hrs kph and overcast

05:52 to 12c, no wind and 3 4 May 2009 Very good 06:23 hrs overcast

15c, east wind up to 4 04:05 to 4 25 May 2009 kph and 50:50 cloud Excellent 05:03 hrs cover

            David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

The majority of this section is a Due to the dominant use of this childrenʼs recreation area. It is section the area is of limited use for East section bordered by grass and a variety birds. However, the mature trees of trees. A few bushes are provide some shelter and food for present. birds.

The short grass provides some Mostly short grass and mature feeding areas for species such as trees, a few beds with scrubs and European Starling and the trees Middle bushes are also present. The provide more food and shelter. The Section northern edge has a small thicker vegetation provides additional hedgerow. cover for a different variety of species, hence the present of Dunnocks.

The trees provide the most benefit for Shortly cut grass with numerous birds. What limits the potential for trees border the footpaths. Some West section birds within this section is the short of the trees are London grass and lack of cover for protection Planetrees. or breeding.

            David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Results Sunday 22 February 2009

Ten species of bird were recorded, six of these were considered to be breeding. These were Great Tit (1), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (1), Eurasian Blackbird (3), European Robin (4) and Dunnock (2). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Four other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: two Feral Pigeons were resting on the site, one Carrion Crow flew over the site, one Grey Wagtail was singing from the roofs on Lots Road and one Meadow Pipit flew over the site.

Observations took place between - 06:15 to 06:50 hr

Friday 27 March 2009

Fifteen species of bird were recorded, ten of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2), Rose-ringed Parakeet (1), Blue Tit (2), Winter Wren (2), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (3), European Robin (2 to 4), House Sparrow (2), European Greenfinch (2) and European Goldfinch (3).

Five other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: seven Mallards flew over the site, one Great Cormorant flew over the site, two immature Herring Gulls flew over the site, one Common Magpie was feeding in the site and one Grey Wagtail was heard calling from the roofs in Lots Road.

One adult European Starling was singing in the southeast corner of the site. It was thought to be breeding on the site. Two immature non-breeding Herring Gulls flew over the site and showed no signs of interest in the site. Herring Gulls do not breed until they have reached adult plumage which takes up to four years to achieve. Two House Sparrows were singing: one near the Day Centre and one in the southeast corner, here a female was also seen. These were both considered to breeding in the site and to be separate pairs. These three species are on the Red List which means they are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Observations took place between - 06:36 to 07:11 hrs

Monday 4 May 2009

Fourteen species of bird were recorded, ten of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (1), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (3), European Starling (3), Eurasian Blackbird (4 to 6), European Robin (2), House Sparrow (2), Dunnock (1), European Greenfinch (3) and European Goldfinch (1).

Four other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: twenty Feral Pigeons were resting on the site, an adult Great Spotted Woodpecker was feeding on the site, an adult Common Magpie was feeding on the site and one Carrion Crow flew over the site.

             David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Three adult European Starlings were singing on the site: one near the Day Nursery, one at the southeast corner of the site and one near the Day Centre feeding in the grass in the middle of the site. The latter bird was considered to be collected food for young in a nearby nest site.

Observations took place between - 05:52 to 06:23 hrs

Tuesday 25 May 2009

Sixteen species of bird were recorded, twelve of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (2), Carrion Crow (1), Great Tit (2), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (4), European Starling (1), Eurasian Blackbird (4 to 5), European Robin (2), House Sparrow (1 to 2), Dunnock (2), European Greenfinch (1) and European Goldfinch (2).

Four other species were recorded but not considered to be breeding: two adult Herring Gulls flew over the site, one Feral Pigeon was resting on the site, one Common Magpie was feeding on the site and one Grey Wagtail was heard calling from a neighbouring building.

Two adult Herring Gull flew over the site but were not considered to be breeding nearby as they displayed no behaviour to indicate they were breeding nearby (i.e. calling or dive bombing). One European Starling was singing on the east side of the site and thought to be breeding here. One juvenile House Sparrow was seen in the southwest corner of the site and another bird was heard calling by the Day Centre.

Observations took place between - 04:05 to 05:03 hrs

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Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed twelve species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Woodpigeon (4) – singing bird holding territory and display flight recorded • Carrion Crow (1) – singing bird holding territory • Great Tit (2) – singing bird holding territory • Blue Tit (4 to 5) – singing bird holding territory • Winter Wren (5 to 6) – singing bird holding territory • European Starling (3) – singing bird holding territory • Eurasian Blackbird (5) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • European Robin (4) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • House Sparrow (2) – singing bird holding territory and recently fledged juveniles • Dunnock (3) – singing bird holding territory • European Greenfinch (3) – singing bird holding territory • European Goldfinch (3) – singing bird holding territory

One species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no concrete evidence to confirm this:-

• Rose-ringed Parakeet (1) – an adult bird was seen displaying during the survey on 27th March 2009, although no further observations were made of this species a pair may have attempted to breed unsuccessfully on the site.

Other birds

Eleven more species of bird were recorded and were not considered to be breeding these were:-

• Mallard – seven birds flew over the site during the survey on 27th March 2009, they showed no interest in the site and appeared to be travelling between water bodies. • Great Cormorant – one flew over the site during the survey on 27th March 2009, there is no water on the site that would attract this species to the site. • Herring Gull – birds were observed flying over the site on 27th March 2009 and 25th May 2009, the first date related to immature birds which were not old enough to breed whilst the next observation involved two adults but these flew over without showing any interest in the site. This is a roof nesting species in London and there no roofs high enough (for protection) for this species to breed on this site. • Feral Pigeon – birds were noted resting on the site and were thought to be breeding in neighbouring building, they are probably attracted to site by food left on the floor by visitors. • Common Swift – during a visit to the site on 10th May 2009 one was seen flying over the site, there no building tall enough on the site for this species to breeding in.

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• Great Spotted Woodpecker – an adult bird was seen feeding on the site during the survey on 4th May 2009. The bird was only present on the site for a few minutes. As no further observations were made it was thought to be used the site to feed and was breeding elsewhere • Common Magpie – one was observed on the site during three surveys, it appeared to be feeding only and additional birds were observed. It was considered that a pair might be breeding in the area but were not close to the site as they would use the site more frequently for feeding and more observation would have been made during the surveys • European Swallow –– during a visit to the site on 10th May 2009 two were seen flying over the site, this is rural species and does not breed in cities. The bird drifted over the site high and were thought to be migrating with the below species they were associating with • Northern House Martin –– during a visit to the site on 10th May 2009 one was seen flying over the site with two European Swallows, it was thought this was a migrating species and not breeding locally • Grey Wagtail – a male was heard singing from the roofs on Lots Road where it was thought to be breeding. Although breeding close to the site no observations were made of this species on the site, the most likely cause of this is the lack of a water feature • Meadow Pipit – one bird flew over the site during the survey on 22nd February 2009, this bird was thought to be a migrant as there is no suitable feeding habitat for this species on the site i.e. long grass

Recommendations

The site covers a moderate area and has little habitat specifically for birds, with minor changes more birds could be attracted to the site.

• Habitat Improvement - the site could be improved by creating more cover for species to nest in and provid additional food sources. This can created by planting native hedgerows with either blackthorn or hawthorn. This would attract a healthy population of insects which, will provide a food source for birds. During the autumn / winter months the berries present will also provide an additional food source for birds. Non native plants such as pyracantha can also be used produces berries during the autumn.

Holly bushes should also be planted to provide a safe haven for birds to roost in. This would provide ideal cover for House Sparrows which are present in the gardens to the north. I would recommend that two bushes are planted at the north end of the site and are allowed to grow to a relatively large size. Heavy pruning limits its use as a roost site.

Additional planting of insect attracting plants such as buddleja or honey suckle will also benefit the site. Where possible small meadows should be allowed to grow to attract insects and allows seeds to appear. Teasels should also be grown which provide an excellent source of food for European Goldfinch which are breeding on the site.

• Food - no feeders were noted on the site and their introduction should be considered to provide additional food for the birds on the site. They should be kept fully stocked throughout the year. A variety of food should be used, which should include niger seed and meal worms.

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• Nestboxes - with few mature trees on the site or cover to nest in, additional breeding sites could be created by erecting nestboxes. Species such as Great Tit, Blue Tit, Winter Wren, European Starling and European Robin would all benefit from such habitat. The following nestboxes should be used for these species. I would also suggest House Sparrow nestboxes are erected to encourage this species to use a safe site. All nestboxes should be fixed with metal plates to protect them from predators.

Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit and Great Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

Small open-fronted European Robin, Winter Wren

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Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) - Red Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) - Red list list

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) - Red list

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) - Amber list Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) - Amber list

Common Swift (Apus apus) - Amber list

European Swallow (Hirundo rustica rustica) - Amber list

Northern House Martin (Delichon urbicum) - Amber list

Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea) - Amber list

Meadow Pipit (Anthus pratensis) - Amber list

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) - Green Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) - list Green list

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') - Green Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) - Green list list

Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos Great Tit (Parus major) - Green list major) - Green list

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) - Green list Common Magpie (Pica pica) - Green list

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Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) - Green list

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) - Green list

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) - Green list

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) - Green list

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) - Green list

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) - Introduced

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Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Greylag Goose (Anser anser) Recorded flying over the site

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Recorded flying over the site

Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) Recorded flying over the site

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Recorded flying over the site

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus Recorded flying over the site fuscus graellsii)

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Recorded flying over the site

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) Breeding in the neighbour area

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) Breeding species

Common Swift (Apus apus) Recorded flying over the site

Common Magpie (Pica pica) Recorded feeding on the site only

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Breeding species

Great Tit (Parus major) Breeding species

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus) Breeding species

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hiemalis) Wintering species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Breeding species

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) Breeding species

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

            David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Species (latin name) Note

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Breeding species

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

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Appendix 3 - Westfield Park map for 22 February 2009

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Appendix 4 - Westfield Park map for 27 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - Westfield Park map for 4 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - Westfield Park map for 25 May 2009

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Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 14 to 17

Species Code

Woodpigeon WP

Rose-ringed Parakeet RI

Great Spotted Woodpecker GS

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Great Tit GT

Blue Tit BT

Winter Wren WR

European Starling SG

Eurasian Blackbird B.

European Robin R.

House Sparrow HS

Dunnock D.

Grey Wagtail GL

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

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Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 16 to 19

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Call c

Displaying d

Feeding f

Female (f)

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

               

   

by David Darrell-Lambert, Bird Brain UK 31 August 2009 David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Cremorne Gardens from February to May 2009...... 3

Method...... 3

Weather...... 3

Habitat...... 4

Results...... 5

Conclusion...... 7

Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country....10

Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site...... 12

Appendix 3 - Cremorne Garden map for 22 February 2009...... 14

Appendix 4 - Avondale, Kensington map for 27 March 2009...... 15

Appendix 5 - Avondale, Kensington map for 4 May 2009...... 16

Appendix 6 - Avondale, Kensington map for 25 May 2009...... 17

Appendix 7 - Bird species key...... 18

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key...... 19

        David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Breeding Bird Survey at Cremorne Gardens from February to May 2009

Method

Four visits were made in February, March and May 2009 starting either half an hour before or after dawn and lasting for thirty minutes. The whole of the site was walked, stopping to listen for birds holding territory and looking for any other signs of breeding activity. All birds were mapped indicating where the territories were.

Weather

Survey Visit Date Duration Weather conditions conditions

06:55 to 10c, northwest wind up to 1 22 February 2009 Very good 07:29 hrs 10 kph and overcast

05:10 to 4 to 5c, west up to 15 kph 2 27 March 2009 Good 05:52 hrs and 50:50 cloud cover

06:29 to 3 4 May 2009 9c, no wind and overcast Excellent 07:03 hrs

16c, southeast wind up to 06:24 to 4 25 May 2009 11 kph and 50:50 cloud Very good 07:11 hrs cover

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Habitat

Area Habitat Potential for birds

The beds provide some sources of The majority of this area is concrete food and cover but is limited by its East section with a few beds and a jetty that small size. The jetty provides an extends into the River Thames. excellent view of River Thames but it is of little attraction to birds.

Grass covers ninety percent of the The rich meadow proves excellent site. There are some trees along habitat for seed feeding species the north and south edges, which and invertebrates to thrive on. The West section stand in beds. The northeast corner trees also provide cover and food, is dominated by a wildflower but again it is limited by the site of meadow. the site.

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Results

Sunday 22 February 2009

Twenty-two species of bird were recorded, seven of these were considered to be breeding. These were Woodpigeon (1), Common Magpie (1), Winter Wren (1), Eurasian Blackbird (1), European Robin (1), European Greenfinch (1) and European Goldfinch (2). The numbers in brackets represent the total number of breeding pairs calculated.

Fifteen other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: three Feral Pigeons flew over the site, one Carrion Crow flew over the site, House Sparrows were heard calling from the bushes on the south side of the River Thames and one Dunnock was heard singing from the south side of the River Thames. In addition to the above the following species were recorded either on or flying along the River Thames: two Greylag Geese, five Canada Goose, thirty-three Mallards, one Great Crested Grebe, fifty-five Great Cormorants, five Common Moorhens, five Common Gulls, two Great Black-backed Gulls, one Western Lesser Black-backed Gull, approximately two hundred Common Black-headed Gulls and one Pied Wagtail.

House Sparrows could be heard calling from the bushes on the opposite side of the River Thames, these are on the Red List, which are species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline. There was no indication that they crossed the river into Cremorne Gardens.

Observations took place between - 06:55 to 07:29 hr

Friday 27 March 2009

Twenty-three species of bird were recorded, seven of these were considered to be breeding: Gadwall (1), Common Moorhen (1), Blue Tit (1), Winter Wren (1), Eurasian Blackbird (2), Dunnock (1) and European Greenfinch (1).

Sixteen other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Woodpigeon flew over the site, a pair of Carrion Crows were nesting north of the site, one Great Tit was heard calling to the north of the site, ten European Starlings flew over the site, one European Robin was heard singing to the south of the site, one Pied Wagtail was seen flying over the site and two European Goldfinch were seen in the trees along Lots Road. In addition to the above, the following species were recorded either on or flying along the River Thames: one Greylag Geese, two Canada Geese, four Egyptian Geese, ten Mallards, five Great Cormorants, two Herring Gulls, three Western Lesser Black-backed Gulls and one Grey Wagtail.

The two immature Herring Gulls (which were not mature enough to breed) were also seen. This species breeds predominantly in London on the roofs of tall buildings, which are not present on the site. The ten European Starlings seen flying over the site showed no interest in the site and therefore neither species , which are both on the Red List were considered to be breeding or near the site.

Observations took place between - 05:10 to 05:52 hrs

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Monday 4 May 2009

Nineteen species of bird were recorded, six of these were considered to be breeding. These were Winter Wren (1), Eurasian Blackbird (1), European Robin (1), Dunnock (1), European Greenfinch (2) and European Goldfinch (2).

Thirteen other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: ten Feral Pigeons were present on the building due south of the site, two Rose-ringed Parakeets were disturbed from the trees in the southwest corner of the site and one Pied Wagtail was seen flying over the site. In addition to the above, the following species were recorded either on or flying along the River Thames: two Greylag Geese, two Mute Swans, seven Gadwall, two Mallard, eight Tufted Duck, two Grey Herons, two Great Cormorants, two Common Moorhens, two Common Coots and ten Herring Gulls.

The ten Herring Gulls observed were all immature birds which do not breed until they reach adult plumage. They were not considered to be breeding on or near the site.

Observations took place between - 06:29 to 07:03 hrs

Monday 25 May 2009

Twenty five species of bird were recorded, five of these were considered to be breeding. These were Winter Wren (1), Eurasian Blackbird (1), Dunnock (1), European Greenfinch (1) and European Goldfinch (1).

Twenty other species were recorded but were not considered to be breeding: one Feral Pigeon flew over the site, one Woodpigeon flew over the site, one Carrion Crow was singing on the site but was thought to be part of the pair nesting to the north of the site, three Northern House Martins were seen flying over the site and one adult male Pied Wagtail was seen collecting food from the grass on the site before flying. This indicates he was nesting elsewhere and was carrying food to his nest site. Also seen was a female Chaffinch which was calling just north of the site, no other records of this species was made indicating it bred nearby but not on the site. In addition to the above, the following species were recorded either on or flying along the River Thames: one Greylag Geese, two Canada Geese, one Mute Swan, one Gadwall, five Mallards, two Tufted Ducks, three Great Cormorants, one Grey Heron, one Common Moorhen, one Common Coot, fifteen Herring Gulls, one Western Lesser Black-backed Gull, eleven Common Black-headed Gulls and one Grey Wagtail.

The site does not hold any suitable habitat for Herring Gulls to breed, therefore the fifteen birds present along the River Thames were not considered to be breeding.

Observations took place between - 06:24 to 07:11 hrs

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Conclusion Breeding Species

The surveys revealed eight species of bird which, were proven to be breeding on the site, they are listed below with the evidence: -

• Woodpigeon (1) – singing bird holding territory • Blue Tit (1) – singing bird holding territory • Winter Wren (1) – singing bird holding territory • Eurasian Blackbird (1) – singing bird holding territory and a recently fledged juvenile • European Robin (1) – singing bird holding territory • Dunnock (1) – singing bird holding territory and a recently fledged juvenile • European Greenfinch (2) – singing bird holding territory • European Goldfinch (2) – singing bird holding territory

Four species of bird were present on the site and considered to be breeding although there was no concrete evidence to confirm this:-

• Gadwall (1) – a single male was present on the foreshore of the River Thames during the survey on 27th March. During other visits up to seven birds were present along the River Thames and it is possible a female Gadwall could nest in the dense cover found on the site. • Common Moorhen (1) – several birds were present along the foreshore of the River Thames, they were often noted displaying indicating they were breeding in the vicinity. There was no confirmed observations to suggest they were breeding on the site but it was unclear where along this tidal section of the river they could be breeding. It was concluded they were breeding away from the waters edge in this area and hence could be breeding in the park. They normally nest along the waters edge but with the tidal river this would be impossible so they would need to nest away from the shore line to protect their nest from flooding. • Rose-ringed Parakeet (1) – a pair of bird were present in the gardens on 4th May. Although no other sightings were made of this species, there is just enough habitat for a single pair to breed here. • Common Magpie (1) – a pair were present during the survey on 22nd February, they were a bonded pair and appeared to be settling down to breed on the site. Future visits to the site did not relocate the pair and it is possible the pair of Carrion Crows breeding nearby saw these birds off out of their territory.

Other birds

Nine more species of bird were recorded and were not considered to be breeding these were:-

• Feral Pigeon – several were present on the building to the south of the site and were thought to be breeding there but on the site surveyed. • Carrion Crow (1) – a male was holding territory in the gardens on 25th May 2009. This was possibly the pair that bred just north of the site along Cremorne Road. It is thought that a pair would be unlikely

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to breed on the site as they prefer taller trees such as the London Planetrees that were used along Cremorne Road. This is the only species that frequently uses these trees to nest in • Great Tit – heard calling to the north of the site on 27th March and was not thought to be breeding on or near the site. • Northern House Martin – seen flying over the site on 25th May and were thought to be breeding locally but no nest sites were located nearby. • European Starlings – seen flying over the site, no territorial behaviour was noted on or near the site. • House Sparrows – heard calling from the bushes on the opposite side of the River Thames. There was no evidence to suggest this species used the site. • Grey Wagtail – a female was located feeding on the foreshore of the River Thames on 25th May, this was likely to be a local breeding bird collecting food for its young. The habitat along the foreshore plus the buildings in the gardens are on ideal habitat for a pair of Grey Wagtails but no further observations were made to indicate breeding. • Pied Wagtail – an adult male was seen collecting food from the grass on the site, this indicate breeding locally but not on the site itself. • Chaffinch – a female was calling from the trees to the north of the site but no males were observed or heard calling. It is possible that a pair bred just north of the site but is this is unlikely considering the lack of other records during the survey.

The following fifteen species were seen flying along or feeding on the River Thames and showed no interest in the site: Greylag Goose, Canada Geese, Mute Swan, Egyptian Geese, Mallard, Tufted Duck, Great Crested Grebe, Grey Heron, Great Cormorant, Common Coot, Common Gull, Great Black-backed Gull, Herring Gull, Western Lesser Black-backed Gull and Common Black-headed Gull

Recommendations

The site is the smallest in the group but has an excellent meadow which attracts an abundance of insects to it. This habitat also provides seeds and two adult Goldfinch were observed feeding on them. With what land is available some improvements can be made. Using the suggestions below would improve the potential for birds to use the site.

• Habitat Improvement - the site could be improved by planting a native hedgerow with either blackthorn or hawthorn, the plants create thick cover for nesting birds and attract healthy populations of insects. During the autumn and winter berries are also present which are an important food source for birds. Additional planting of insect attracting plants such as buddleja or honey suckle should also be considered. Non native plants can also be used such as pyracantha which also produces berries during the autumn. I would also recommend extending the meadow in the eastern corner. • Food Sources - feeders are being used on the site but were not kept fully stocked. The variety of food should be adjusted to allow for the presence of European Goldfinch e.g. niger seed but also meal worms. A source of fresh water should also be provided with a bird bath which is kept full and frost free throughout the year. • Nestboxes - with limited sites for breeding, nestboxes can provide safe sites for species to breed in. Species such as Blue Tit, Winter Wren, European Starling, European Robin and Pied Wagtail would all benefit from such habitat. The following nestboxes should be used for these species. I would also suggest House Sparrow nestboxes to encourage this species to the site.

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Nestbox type Species

Small hole-entrance Blue Tit and Great Tit

Double small hole-entrance House Sparrow

Medium hole-entrance European Starling

European Robin, Winter Wren and Pied Small open-fronted Wagtail

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Appendix 1 – Species seen on or over the site and their status in this country

Red List = species that are either globally threatened or have suffered serious decline.

Amber List = Moderate decline in population size and range.

Green List = No identified threat to the population's status.

Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Herring Gull - Red list

European Starling - Red list

House Sparrow - Red list

Dunnock - Amber list Greylag Goose - Amber list

Gadwall - Amber list Mallard - Amber list

Tufted Duck - Amber list

Common Gull - Amber list

Great Black-backed Gull - Amber list

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull - Amber list

Common Black-headed Gull - Amber list

Northern House Martin - Amber list

Grey Wagtail - Amber list

Blue Tit - Green list Mute Swan - Green list

Common Magpie - Green list Great Crested Grebe - Green list

Common Moorhen - Green list Grey Heron - Green list

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Breeding Species Non-Breeding Species

Eurasian Blackbird - Green list Great Cormorant - Green list

European Goldfinch - Green list Common Coot - Green list

European Greenfinch - Green list Carrion Crow - Green list

European Robin - Green list Feral Pigeon - Green list

Winter Wren - Green list Great Tit - Green list

Woodpigeon - Green list Pied Wagtail - Green list

Chaffinch - Green list

Rose-ringed Parakeet - Introduced Canada Goose - Introduced

Egyptian Goose - Introduced

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Appendix 2 - List of all species seen and their activity at the site

Species (latin name) Note

Greylag Goose (Anser anser) Recorded along the River Thames

Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Recorded along the River Thames

Mute Swan (Cygnus olor) Recorded along the River Thames

Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiaca) Recorded along the River Thames

Gadwall (Anas strepera strepera) Breeding species

Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Recorded along the River Thames

Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula) Recorded along the River Thames

Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) Recorded along the River Thames

Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) Recorded along the River Thames

Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) Recorded along the River Thames

Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) Breeding species

Common Coot (Fulica atra) Recorded along the River Thames

Common Gull (Larus canus canus) Recorded along the River Thames

Great Black-backed Gull (Larus marinus) Recorded along the River Thames

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Recorded along the River Thames

Western Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus Recorded along the River Thames fuscus graellsii)

Common Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) Recorded along the River Thames

Feral Pigeon (Columba livia 'feral') Recorded only flying over

Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) Breeding species

Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) Breeding species

Common Magpie (Pica pica) Recorded only flying over

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Species (latin name) Note

Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) Recorded only flying over

Great Tit (Parus major) Heard in neighbouring area

Blue Tit (Parus caeruleus) Breeding species

Northern House Martin (Delichon urbicum) Recorded only flying over

Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes hiemalis) Breeding species

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) Recorded only flying over

Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula) Breeding species

European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) Breeding species

House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) Heard in neighbouring area

Dunnock (Prunella modularis) Breeding species

Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea) Present but not breeding

Pied Wagtail (Motacilla alba yarrellii) Present but not breeding

Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) Present but not breeding

European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) Breeding species

European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) Breeding species

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Appendix 3 - Cremorne Gardens map for 22 February 2009

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Appendix 4 - Cremorne Gardens map for 27 March 2009

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Appendix 5 - Cremorne Gardens map for 4 May 2009

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Appendix 6 - Cremorne Gardens map for 25 May 2009

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Appendix 7 - Bird species key Keys for maps on pages 15 to 18

Species Code

Gadwall GA

Moorhen MH

Woodpigeon WP

Rose-ringed Parakeet RI

Common Magpie MG

Carrion Crow C.

Blue Tit BT

Winter Wren WR

Eurasian Blackbird B.

European Robin R.

Dunnock D.

Pied Wagtail PW

Grey Wagtail GL

Chaffinch CH

European Greenfinch GR

European Goldfinch GO

         David Darrell-Lambert Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com

Appendix 8 - Bird behaviour key Keys for maps on pages 15 to 18

Behaviour Code

Alarm a

Call c

Carrying food cf

Displaying d

Feeding f

Female (f)

Juvenile juv

Male (m)

Nest n

Pair pr

Singing sgg

Report completed by:

David Darrell-Lambert Bird Brain UK 33 Mary Rose Close Chafford Hundred Essex RM16 6LY Mobile 07500 373 256 Email [email protected] www.birdbrainuk.com