Jainism I-Basics of Jainism
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Voliirw(People and Places).Pdf
Contents of Volume II People and Places Preface to Volume II ____________________________ 2 II-1. Perception for Shared Knowledge ___________ 3 II-2. People and Places ________________________ 6 II-3. Live, Let Live, and Thrive _________________ 18 II-4. Millennium of Mahaveer and Buddha ________ 22 II-5. Socio-political Context ___________________ 34 II-6. Clash of World-Views ____________________ 41 II-7. On the Ashes of the Magadh Empire _________ 44 II-8. Tradition of Austere Monks ________________ 50 II-9. Who Was Bhadrabahu I? _________________ 59 II-10. Prakrit: The Languages of People __________ 81 II-11. Itthi: Sensory and Psychological Perception ___ 90 II-12. What Is Behind the Numbers? ____________ 101 II-13. Rational Consistency ___________________ 112 II-14. Looking through the Parts _______________ 117 II-15. Active Interaction _____________________ 120 II-16. Anugam to Agam ______________________ 124 II-17. Preservation of Legacy _________________ 128 II-18. Legacy of Dharsen ____________________ 130 II-19. The Moodbidri Pandulipis _______________ 137 II-20. Content of Moodbidri Pandulipis __________ 144 II-21. Kakka Takes the Challenge ______________ 149 II-22. About Kakka _________________________ 155 II-23. Move for Shatkhandagam _______________ 163 II-24. Basis of the Discord in the Teamwork ______ 173 II-25. Significance of the Dhavla _______________ 184 II-26. Jeev Samas Gatha _____________________ 187 II-27. Uses of the Words from the Past ___________ 194 II-28. Biographical Sketches __________________ 218 II - 1 Preface to Volume II It's a poor memory that only works backwards. - Alice in Wonderland (White Queen). Significance of the past emerges if it gives meaning and context to uncertain world. -
The Unknown Loпkā Tradition and the Cultural
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277864347 The Unknown Lonka: Tradition and the Cultural Unconscious Article · January 2008 CITATIONS READS 3 122 1 author: Peter Flügel SOAS, University of London 31 PUBLICATIONS 113 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Literary Heritage of the Aniconic Jaina Tradition View project Johannes Klatt's Jaina-Onomasticon View project All content following this page was uploaded by Peter Flügel on 11 March 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. The Unknown Loïkā Tradition and the Cultural Unconscious PETER FLÜGEL In the last two decades, the main focus of Jaina research has shifted from the effectively a-historical exploration of the language, con- tent and form of the Śvetāmbara canon in particular, to the histori- cal and anthropological investigation of “strategies of transmis- sion” of tradition, including “canonisation” and “transformation” (Bruhn 1987: 107f.). The guiding question in this research is how to conceptualise the relationship between continuity and change within the “Jaina tradition” (Carrithers 1990: 142). The investiga- tion of this question became imperative after the philological de- construction of earlier notions of a Jaina “ur-canon” and the “dog- matic immutability” of the Jaina doctrine (Bruhn 1987: 104, 107), as a consequence of which even the core principles of “true Jain- ism” (Dundas 1993: 253) and the term “Jaina” itself (Flügel 2005: 2-5) became problematic. THE PRESENT IN THE PAST In current academic studies, the history of the Jaina tradition is pre- dominately presented as an interactive process between texts and practices through time (Cort 1990: 59). -
Jain Philosophy and Practice I 1
PANCHA PARAMESTHI Chapter 01 - Pancha Paramesthi Namo Arihantänam: I bow down to Arihanta, Namo Siddhänam: I bow down to Siddha, Namo Äyariyänam: I bow down to Ächärya, Namo Uvajjhäyänam: I bow down to Upädhyäy, Namo Loe Savva-Sähunam: I bow down to Sädhu and Sädhvi. Eso Pancha Namokkäro: These five fold reverence (bowings downs), Savva-Pävappanäsano: Destroy all the sins, Manglänancha Savvesim: Amongst all that is auspicious, Padhamam Havai Mangalam: This Navakär Mantra is the foremost. The Navakär Mantra is the most important mantra in Jainism and can be recited at any time. While reciting the Navakär Mantra, we bow down to Arihanta (souls who have reached the state of non-attachment towards worldly matters), Siddhas (liberated souls), Ächäryas (heads of Sädhus and Sädhvis), Upädhyäys (those who teach scriptures and Jain principles to the followers), and all (Sädhus and Sädhvis (monks and nuns, who have voluntarily given up social, economical and family relationships). Together, they are called Pancha Paramesthi (The five supreme spiritual people). In this Mantra we worship their virtues rather than worshipping any one particular entity; therefore, the Mantra is not named after Lord Mahävir, Lord Pärshva- Näth or Ädi-Näth, etc. When we recite Navakär Mantra, it also reminds us that, we need to be like them. This mantra is also called Namaskär or Namokär Mantra because in this Mantra we offer Namaskär (bowing down) to these five supreme group beings. Recitation of the Navakär Mantra creates positive vibrations around us, and repels negative ones. The Navakär Mantra contains the foremost message of Jainism. The message is very clear. -
Guidences of Jainism the Navakar Mantra
GUIDENCES OF JAINISM By Bhadrabahu Vijay Translated by: Shri K. Ramappa, M.A., B.Ed. First Edition Published by: Shri Vishwa Kalyan Prakashan Trust Near Kamboi Nagar Mrhsana 384002 Gujarat THE NAVAKAR MANTRA The hymn of invocation Namo Arihantanam I bow in veneration to Arihantas (the destroyers of our inner enemies viz., Karmas). Namo Siddhanam I bow in veneration to Siddhas. (The souls that are perfect through the destruction of the Karmas.) Namo Ayariyanam I bow in veneration to Acharyas (The Head Sadhus of the four- fold Jain Sangh). Namo Uvajjhayanam I bow in veneration to Upadhyayas (The learned Sadhus who illustrate the Scriptures). Namo loye savva sahunam I bow in veneration to all Sadhus in the world. (Those who are pursuing the path of Moksha or salvation.) Eso pancha namukkaro Savva pävappanäsano Mangalänam cha savvesim Padhamam havai mangalam This five-fold salutation destroys all sins and is the most auspicious one amongst all auspicious things. This is the greatest hymn of invocation in Jainism. Every follower of Jainism repeats this hymn with devotion. This is the most efficacious hymn. Create PDF with PDF4U. If you wish to remove this line, please click here to purchase the full version WHAT IS THE JAIN DHARMA OR JAINISM? Before we understand the meaning of the Jain dharma, it is absolutely necessary that we should have a thorough knowledge of the word, dharma or religion because for thousands of years, innumerable wrong notions about dharma hace been nourished and held by people. Dharma or religion is neither a cult nor a creed; nor it is a reserved ystem of any community. -
Jain Rituals and Ceremonies
Hansa and Vinod Sutaria Cleveland, OH JAIN RITUALS AND CEREMONIES Introduction.....................................................................................................................2 Six Essentials:.................................................................................................................2 1. Samayik: .............................................................................................................2 2. Chaturvimsati:.........................................................................................................3 3. Vandan:...................................................................................................................5 4. Pratikraman:............................................................................................................5 5. Kayotsarg:...............................................................................................................7 6. Pratyakhan: .............................................................................................................7 Rituals in Jainism:...........................................................................................................8 Daily worship of idols: ................................................................................................8 Special (Parva) Dev pujas-Poojan:............................................................................. 10 Penances ...................................................................................................................... -
Concept of God in Jainism
Concept of God in Jainism Jainism believes that the universe and all its substances or entities are eternal. It has no beginning or end with respect to time. The universe runs on its own accord by its own cosmic laws. All the substances change or modify their forms continuously. Nothing can be destroyed or created in the universe. There is no need for someone to create or manage the affairs of the universe. Hence Jainism does not believe in God as a creator, survivor, and destroyer of the universe. However, Jainism does believe in God, not as a creator, but as a perfect being. When a person destroys all his karmas, he becomes a liberated soul. He resides in a perfect blissful state in Moksha. He possesses infinite knowledge, infinite vision, infinite power, and infinite bliss. This living being is a God of the Jain religion. Every living being has the potential to become God. Hence Jains do not have one God, but Jain Gods are innumerable and their number is continuously increasing as more living beings attain liberation. Jains believe that since the beginning of time every living being (soul) because of its ignorance, is attached with karma. The main purpose of the religion is to remove this karma through self-knowledge and become a liberated soul. There are many types of karma. However, they are broadly classified into the following eight categories: 1. Mohniya karma It generates delusion in the soul in regard to its own true nature, and makes it identify itself with other external substances. 2. -
Financial Year 2007-08.Xlsx
GITANJALI GEMS LIMITED Statement Showing Unpaid / Unclaimed Dividend as on Annual General Meeting held on September 18, 2008 for the financial year 2007‐08 First Name Last Name Address Country State District PINCode Folio Number of Investment Type Amount Proposed Date Securities Due(in of transfer to Rs.) IEPF (DD‐MON‐ YYYY) POOJA J ‐39 LAJPAT NAGAR NEW DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110024 IN30106310057167 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 97.00 23‐SEP‐2015 ASAD 7 D POCKET A SUKHDEV VIHAR NEW DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110025 IN30047610265674 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 63.00 23‐SEP‐2015 NEETA DHINGRA J 49 RAJOURI GARDEN NEW DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110027 IN30045011779723 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 63.00 23‐SEP‐2015 PARMESHWARI 79 ENGINEERS ENCLAVE PITAMPURA DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110034 IN30096610025487 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 63.00 23‐SEP‐2015 ANIL 79 ENGINEERS ENCLAVE PITAMPURA DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110034 IN30096610025495 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 63.00 23‐SEP‐2015 MANJEET H NO. 1712 GALI NO. 123 TRI NAGAR DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110035 IN30096610026772 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 63.00 23‐SEP‐2015 SUDESH RZ G1/ 11, MAHAVIR ENCLAVE, NEW DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110045 IN30226910222505 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 630.00 23‐SEP‐2015 KULDEEP F 110D G NO 40 SADH NAGAR II PALAM COLONY NEW DELHI INDIA DELHI NEW DELHI 110045 IN30051311815526 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 14.00 23‐SEP‐2015 KUSAM 406 DDA FLATS SEC 12 -
Arihant Simandhar Swami by Dr
Arihant Simandhar Swami By Dr. Deepika Dalal Who is Simandhar Swami? Where is Simandhar Swami? What’s the importance? As per Jain or Hindu Time scale (Kaal Chakra) 5th & 6th aara or Kaliyuga, on this earth human survival will be extremely difficult. Eastern world believes in Karmic bondage and rebirth. What is the alternative for us? How can we improve our next life? How can we get rid of the cycle of rebirth? Let us look at some alternative directions. “Tarati Samsara-Maharnavam yena nimittaena, tat Tirtham – Tirtham karoti in Tirthankarah” The Omni potent who help us to cross the great ocean of worldly life is known as Tirtha and the person who makes the tirtha is termed as a Tirthankara. Simandhar Swami is living Tirthankar. He is residing currently in location called Mahavi-desh Kshetra. Just like Bhagwan Rushabdev and Bhagwan Mahavir are Tirthankars from Bharat Kshetra. Kaal Chakra - Jainism There are three types of Tirthankaras: Tirthankars of the past, Tirthankars of the present and Tirthankars of the future. The Tirthankars of the past are gone. Tirthankars of present are 24 – Tirthankars we worship, first being Bhagwan Rushabdev and 24th being Mahavir Swami have gone to nirvana (Siddhakshetra). In future there will be 24 Tirthankars (future chovisi in Bharatkshetra). At present time in Universe, Simandhar Swami is one of the twenty living Tirthankara. Adhere to the teachings of Tirthankara; it will lead towards moksha. In Namokar maha mantra, Jain prays to the Arihant first and then to Siddhas, even though the Siddhas are perfected souls who have destroyed all karmas and became liberated souls. -
Jain Prayers
____________________________________________________________________________________ Jain Philosophy and Practice - 2 (JAINA Education Series 401 - Level 4) August 31, 2013 Compiled by JAINA Education Committee Federation of Jain Associations in North America ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Jain Philosophy and Practice - 2 (JAINA Education Series 401- Level 4) Draft Copy (August 31, 2013) This book has no copyright for Personal and Private Use Please use the religious material respectfully We are interested in your comments. Use following address for communication. Compiled by: JAINA Education Committee Federation of Jain Associations in North America Pravin K. Shah, Chairperson 509 Carriage Woods Circle Raleigh, NC 27607-3969 USA Email - [email protected] Telephone and Fax - 919-859-4994 Websites – www.jaineLibrary.org Published and Distributed by: Jain Education International 821E, Artesia Blvd Carson, CA 90746-1203 USA Email - [email protected] Telephone and Fax - 919-859-4994 Websites – www.jaineLibrary.org ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2 JAIN PHILOSOPHY AND PRACTICE - 2 ____________________________________________________________________________________ DEDICATED TO Young Jains of America (YJA) (www.yja.org) Young Jain Professionals (YJP) and (www.yjponline.org) Jain Päthashälä Teachers of North America (www.jainelibrary.org) For their continued -
FINAL DISTRIBUTION.Xlsx
Annexure-1B 1)Taxpayers with turnover above Rs 1.5 Crores b) Taxpayers falling under the jurisdiction of the State Taxpayer's Name SL NO GSTIN Registration Name TRADE_NAME 1 NATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED NATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY LTD 19AAACN9967E1Z0 2 WEST BENGAL STATE ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION CO. LTD WEST BENGAL STATE ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION CO. LTD 19AAACW6953H1ZX 3 INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD.(ASSAM OIL DIVN.) INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD.(ASSAM OIL DIVN.) 19AAACI1681G1ZM 4 THE W.B.P.D.C.L. THE W.B.P.D.C.L. 19AABCT3027C1ZQ 5 ITC LIMITED ITC LIMITED 19AAACI5950L1Z7 6 TATA STEEL LIMITED TATA STEEL LIMITED 19AAACT2803M1Z8 7 LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED 19AAACL0140P1ZG 8 SAMSUNG INDIA ELECTRONICS PVT. LTD. 19AAACS5123K1ZA 9 EMAMI AGROTECH LIMITED EMAMI AGROTECH LIMITED 19AABCN7953M1ZS 10 KOLKATA PORT TRUST 19AAAJK0361L1Z3 11 TATA MOTORS LTD 19AAACT2727Q1ZT 12 ASHUTOSH BOSE BENGAL CRACKER COMPLEX LIMITED 19AAGCB2001F1Z9 13 HINDUSTAN PETROLEUM CORPORATION LIMITED. 19AAACH1118B1Z9 14 SIMPLEX INFRASTRUCTURES LIMITED. SIMPLEX INFRASTRUCTURES LIMITED. 19AAECS0765R1ZM 15 J.J. HOUSE PVT. LTD J.J. HOUSE PVT. LTD 19AABCJ5928J2Z6 16 PARIMAL KUMAR RAY ITD CEMENTATION INDIA LIMITED 19AAACT1426A1ZW 17 NATIONAL STEEL AND AGRO INDUSTRIES LTD 19AAACN1500B1Z9 18 BHARATIYA RESERVE BANK NOTE MUDRAN LTD. BHARATIYA RESERVE BANK NOTE MUDRAN LTD. 19AAACB8111E1Z2 19 BHANDARI AUTOMOBILES PVT LTD 19AABCB5407E1Z0 20 MCNALLY BHARAT ENGGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED MCNALLY BHARAT ENGGINEERING COMPANY LIMITED 19AABCM9443R1ZM 21 BHARAT PETROLEUM CORPORATION LIMITED 19AAACB2902M1ZQ 22 ALLAHABAD BANK ALLAHABAD BANK KOLKATA MAIN BRANCH 19AACCA8464F1ZJ 23 ADITYA BIRLA NUVO LTD. 19AAACI1747H1ZL 24 LAFARGE INDIA PVT. LTD. 19AAACL4159L1Z5 25 EXIDE INDUSTRIES LIMITED EXIDE INDUSTRIES LIMITED 19AAACE6641E1ZS 26 SHREE RENUKA SUGAR LTD. 19AADCS1728B1ZN 27 ADANI WILMAR LIMITED ADANI WILMAR LIMITED 19AABCA8056G1ZM 28 AJAY KUMAR GARG OM COMMODITY TRADING CO. -
The Rise, Decline and Renewals of Sramanic Religious Traditions Within
.DE Edition 2 online magazine THE RISE, DECLINE AND RENEWALS OF SRAMANIC RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS WITHIN INDIC CIVILISATION WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE EVOLUTION OF JAIN SRAMANIC CULTURE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE INDIC CIVILIZATION by BAL PATIL, Member, Maharashtra State Minorities Commission, Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai PAPER READ IN Conference on Religions in Indic Civilisation New Delhi December 18 -21, 2003 Organised by Centre for the Study of Developing Societies in collaboration with International Association for the History of Religions and India International Centre, New Delhi .DE Edition 2 online magazine content PRE-ARYAN ROOTS........................................................................................................... 4 MISLEADING STEREOTYPES ABOUT JAINISM........................................................ 5 CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA AND JAINISM ................................................................ 6 RADHA KUMUD MOOKERJI AND CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA........................... 7 ASHOKA & JAINISM.......................................................................................................... 9 R. THAPAR , AND HISTORICAL SOURCES IN PURANAS AND VEDAS................. 9 E. H. CARR: WHAT IS HISTORY?................................................................................. 10 PROF. M. WITZEL & VEDIC AND ITIHASA-PURANA TRADITION...................... 12 RIGVEDIC TEXTS LIKE TAPE RECORDED RECITATION? .................................. 13 FALSITY OF WITZEL’S VEDIC HISTORIOGRAPHY.............................................. -
Jainism by Dr
Jainism By Dr. Subhash Chandra Jainism traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient, non-theistic, Indian religion, founded by Jina Mahavira in the 5th century BCE. Followers of Jainism are called "Jains", a word derived from the Sanskrit word jina (victor) and connoting the path of victory in crossing over life's stream of rebirths through an ethical and spiritual life. Jains trace their history through a succession of 24 victorious saviours and teachers known as tirthankaras, with the first being Rishabhanatha, who according to Jain tradition lived millions of years ago, twenty-third being Parshvanatha in 8th century BC and twenty-fourth being the Mahāvīra around 500 BCE. Jains believe that Jainism is an eternal dharma with the tirthankaras guiding every cycle of the Jain cosmology. The main religious premises of Jainism are ahiṃsā (non-violence), anekāntavāda (many-sidedness), aparigraha (non-attachment) and asceticism. Devout Jains take five main vows: ahiṃsā (non-violence), satya (truth), asteya (not stealing), brahmacharya (celibacy or chastity), and aparigraha (non-attachment). These principles have impacted Jain culture in many ways, such as leading to a predominantly vegetarian lifestyle that avoids harm to animals and their life cycles. Parasparopagraho Jīvānām (the function of souls is to help one another) is the motto of Jainism. Ṇamōkāra mantra is the most common and basic prayer in Jainism. The origins of Jainism are obscure. The Jains claim their religion to be eternal, and consider Rishabhanatha to be the founder in the present time cycle, the first of 24 Jain tirthankaras in Jain belief, and someone who lived for 8,400,000 purva years.