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Home , Bay cat, Marbled cat, Pardofelis

Copyrighted Material MARBLED marmorata Plate 5

HB 45–62cm; T 35.6–53.5cm; W 2.5–5kg perhaps for arboreal such as , as well as Resembles a small Clouded with thick grey-buff birds. From limited camera in protected areas, to red-brown fur, patterned with large, dark-bordered thought to be mostly diurnal. Social and Spatial blotches that become small dabs on the limbs. Tubular Behaviour Virtually unknown. Occasional sightings of bushy tail proportionally very long, sometimes exceeding adult pairs have fostered speculation that it forms long- the head-body length and distinctive in the field. When term pair bonds, but it is more likely to be solitary. A walking relaxed, the tail is held horizontally in a collared Thai female used a range of 5.3km2 in 1 month. continuous straight line from the body. Distribution and Rare in camera-trap surveys and Asian wildlife markets, Habitat SE Asia, south of the in and possibly reflecting naturally low densities. Reproduction to SW , and through Indochina, and and Demography Very poorly known. Gestation 66–82 MARBLED . Restricted to forested habitats, chiefly days (captivity). Litters average 2 kittens (based on only CAT undisturbed evergreen, deciduous and tropical . Can two captive births). Females sexually mature at 21–22 occupy secondary and logged forests, though it is unknown months (captivity). MORTALITY Unknown. LIFESPAN 12 whether modified habitat is suboptimal. Feeding Ecology years in captivity. Status and Threats Appears to be Except for one radio-collared female tracked for a month naturally rare and dependent, suggesting particular in , the has never been studied in the wild. vulnerability to habitat loss and hunting, which is very Diet is likely to be dominated by small vertebrates. Highly prevalent throughout its range. CITES Appendix I, Red agile climber and has been observed hunting in trees, List VU. Pardofelis badia

HB 53.3–67cm; T 32–39.1cm; W (emaciated f) 2kg Unknown, but presumably small vertebrates make up Resembles a small and slender Asiatic Golden Cat with a major food items. Two Bay were trapped in 2003 proportionally smaller, rounded head and stubby rounded when they entered an dealer’s pheasant aviaries, ears. Occurs in two morphs: rich rusty-red, and grey with suggesting that it may attack domestic poultry. Social and variable red undertones especially along the transition Spatial Behaviour Unknown. Rarely photographed from the upper body colour to the paler underparts. during camera-trapping surveys, suggesting that it occurs BAY Unmarked except for stripes on the forehead and cheeks, at very low densities; e.g. Bay Cats were photographed 25 CAT and faint spotting along the transition between the upper times at 4 sites in Eastern over 4 years, compared body colour and pale underparts. Bright white underside with 259 images of Clouded and more than Red form to the tail with a dark dorsal tip that is distinctive in the 1000 images of Leopard Cats. Reproduction and field. Distribution and Habitat Endemic to Borneo. Demography Unknown. Status and Threats Apparent Closely associated with dense forested habitats, with most extreme rarity and forest dependence raises concern for historical records in primary, riverine, swamp and the species’ conservation prospects. Forest conversion, forests. Tolerates moist plantation forests with especially to palm-oil plantations, is regarded as a serious Grey form dense understorey, and has been camera trapped from threat. Rarity and value are known to animal dealers, recently logged secondary forest, suggesting some elevating illegal trapping pressure. CITES Appendix II, tolerance for habitat modification. Feeding Ecology Red List EN. ASIATIC GOLDEN CAT Pardofelis temminckii

Temminck’s Golden Cat kill medium-sized ungulates, including muntjacs and HB f 66–94cm, m 75–105cm; T 42.5–58cm; livestock to the size of very young cattle and buffalo ‘’ form W f 8.5kg, m 12–15.8kg calves. Confirmed records of livestock kills are mostly Usually rich russet-brown, but varying from pale tawny to from hunters shooting it over depredated carcasses, in dark greyish-brown. Largely unmarked except for the face which it may have been the predator or possibly only a and faint spotting on the chest and belly. A richly spotted scavenger. Sometimes raids poultry. Nocturno­ ‘ocelot’ morph is recorded from Bhutan, China and crepuscular, but diurnal activity is recorded under . Melanism occurs. Except in black individuals, protection. Social and Spatial Behaviour Poorly known. the underside of the tail is always conspicuously bright Solitary. Only range sizes known are 32.6km2 (1 f) and white with a dark upper tip. Distribution and Habitat 47.7km2 (1 m) from Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, Sub-Himalayan Nepal, NE and Bhutan to S China, Thailand. Reproduction and Demography Unknown SE Asia and Sumatra. Found in a variety of moist and dry from the wild. In captivity, reproduction aseasonal, forests, usually under 3000m, but to 3738m in open gestation 78–80 days and litter size 1–3 (typically 1). shrub-grassland mosaic in Bhutan. Has been sighted or Sexual maturity in captive at 18–24 months. killed near human settlements, including in open MORTALITY Unknown. LIFESPAN 17 years in captivity. agricultural areas, and appears to be more tolerant of open Status and Threats Threatened by forest loss and illegal habitat than , Bay Cat and ; hunting, which are widespread throughout its range, but ASIATIC even so, it is never far from cover. Feeding Ecology Poorly status and degree of threat are poorly known. Skins of GOLDEN CAT known. Confirmed prey includes mice, rats, Berdmore’s Asiatic Golden Cats are traded heavily in China and Ground , mouse deer, Dusky Leaf Monkey, Myanmar, where hunting pressure is regarded as high. snakes, lizards and birds. Powerfully built and reputed to CITES Appendix I, Red List NT. Typical form

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