FOURTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN TELANQANA OUTLINE AND PROGRAMMES PLANNING AND CO-OPERATION DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH CONTENTS Pages, PART I—OUTLINE Introduction 1—3 Natural Resources .. 4 - 1 5 Review of Development 1 6 -4 0 Perspective Plan 41—48 Approach and Strategy 49—55 Plan in outline 56—86 Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes. 87—97 PART II—SECTORAL PROGRAMMES 1. Agriculture 1— 17 2. Minor Irrigation .. 1 8 -2 1 3. Soil Conservation and Land Development 22—26 4. Ayacut Development 27—31 5. Animal Husbandry .. ^ 32—37 6. Dairying and Milk Supply .. 38—42 7. Forests 43—47 8. Fisheries 48— 50 9. Warehousing and Marketing 51—52 10. Co-operation 5 3 -6 5 11. Community Development 66—67 12. Irrigation 6 8 -7 9 [i] Pages 13. Power .. .. 80— 86 14. Large and Medium Industries 87— 104 15. Village and Small Scale Industries 105— 114 16. Mineral Development 115— 120 17. Handlooms 121— 126 18. Roads and Road Transport .. 127— 133 19. General Education 134— 140 20. Technical Education 141— 144 21. Medical Services 145— 151 22. Public Health 152— 153 23* Urban Water Supply and Drainage 154— 160 24. Rural Water Supply 161 25. Housing 162— 166 26. Welfare of Scheduled Tribes.. 167— 174 27. Welfare of Scheduled Castes and other backward Classes 175— 179 28. Social Welfare 180— 182 29. Craftsmen Training and Employment Schemes 183— 184 30. Statistics 185 Part I—Outline INTRODUCTION The National Development Council decided in 1967 that the Fourth Five-Year Plan should be formulated for the period 1969-74. With Reference to this, the Planning Commission suggested in February, 1968 that the States may undertake a review of economic deve­ lopment and also take preliminary steps for formula­ ting a plan. Accordingly, 12 Working Groups we're constituted for formulating the State’s Fourth Plan. The aggregate of the outlays recommended by these Working Groups came to Rs. 628 crores. It was subse­ quently decided that special provision should be made in the State Plan for Chronically Drought Affected Areas, Metropolitan Areas and Tribal Areas. In order to provide for this, the outlay of the State’s Draft Fourth Plan was raised to Rs. 650 crores and a draft outline of the State’s Plan conforming to this outlay was prepared and presented to the Planning Commis­ sion in October, 1968. 2. The draft proposals were considered by the Cen­ tral Working Groups in October, 1968, and by the State Advisory Committee in November, 1968. On the basis of the discussions of the Central Working Groups tiie outlay on the Plan came to about Rs. 651 crores- There were discussions with the Planning Commission for finalising the outlay on the State’s Fourth Five-Year Plan in January, 1969 and subsequently in November- December, 1969. In the Draft Memorandum on the Fourth Five-Year Plan presented to the National Development Council in March, 1970, the size of our State’s Fourth Plan was shown by the Planning Com­ mission as Rs. 420.50i crores, comprising of Rs. 240 crores Central assistance and Rs. 180.50 crores State resources. In June, 1970, the Planning Commission communicated the sectoral distribution of this outlay. The State Government could not howeve'r finalise the Fourth Plan for the outlay of Rs. 420.50 crores indi­ cated by the Planning Commission, since it would not h.ave been possible to fulfil even the minimum spill­ over commitments within an outlay of this order. SP/423-1 Considering the constraint of resources, the original p!roposals were revised with a view to reducing the outlay to the maximum extent possible while fulfilling the inevitable spill-over commitments- As a result of this exercise, it was decided in November, 1970 that the outlay on the State’s Fourth Five-Year Plan would have to be at least Rs. 530 crores if the existing com­ mitments were to be fulfilled. Consequently detailed review of the schemes included in the draft proposals was again taken up and revised proposals for an outlay of Rs. 530 crores were formulated. Weightage in Plan allocations for backward Areas: 3. In connection with the determination of the fair share of Telangana in the developmental outlays, it was agreed during the discussions that the Chief Minister had with the Union Minister for Planning and the Chairman, Regional Committee in May, 1971 that weightage should be given for backward areas to the extent of 10 per cent of the plan outlay on the basis of the ratio of the population in such areas in each region. The weightage so determined was 5:3:2 for the three regions of Talangana, Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra. The Plan outlays for 1971-72 were therefore allocated to the three regions to the extent of 90 per cent on the basis of the population of each region according to the 1971 Census and the balance 10 per cent was allocated between the three regions in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2 mentioned above. Telangana’s Fourth Plan size: 4. Tentatively, in working out the proposals for the Rs. 530 crores—plan the actual outlay for 1969-70 and 1970-71 as also for 1971-72 had been adopted- For the remaining two years the formula adopted for 1971-72 had been projected- On this basis, the break-up of the outlay of Rs. 530 crores would come to Rs. 223 crores for Coastal Andhra, Rs. 105 crol-es for Rayalaseema and Rs- 203 crores for Telangana. On the other hand, if the formula agreed to for 1971-72 is applied to the total plan outlay the allocations will be Rs. 222.25 crores for Coastal AndhTa, Rs. 104.34 crores for Raya­ laseema and Rs. 202.27 crores for Telangana. The out- The total outlay required for the actual proposals furnished by the Departments in respect of Telangana and which have been included in this Plan comes to Rs. 200.96 crores. Subsequent to the formulation of these proposals however the outlay for the Annual Plan 1972-73 has been fixed by the Planning Commission at Rs. 105 crores. On the basis of the Mid-Term Reappraisal of resources, it can be anticipated that the outlay on the Plan for 1973-74 will be of the order of Rs. 113 crores bringing the total outlay to about Rs. 486 crores. Out of this, the outlay in the Telangana region worked out OQ the basis of the actual expenditure in 1969-71 and the allocations for 1971-74 according to the formula mentioned above will come to approximately Rs. 190 crores. A review of these proposals will therefore be undertaken as soon as a clearer picture emerges of the resources position for the next two years. NATURAL RESOURCES 1. The Telangana region lies between 15°50' and 19°55' North latitude and 77°14' and 81°48' East longitude. It is bounded on the North by Maharashtra State; on the West by Maharashtra and Mysore; on the South by Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra regions of Andhra Pradesh; and on the East by parts of Mahara­ shtra and Madhya Pradesh States. Physiography: 2. The Telangana region consists of peneplains developed on the Archaean Gneisses. A peneplain is a land having highly eroded, flat hillocks scattered all over the surface. In the north, faulting has preserved a belt of Gondwanas along the lower Godavari trough which is below 150 metres in altitude. The most general level lies between 480 to 800 metres altitudie in this portion. On the South, the Krishna and the Tungabhadra valleys lie at an altitude of 300 to 450 metres below the ragged break of slope down from the Mysore plateau. To the north-west, the watershed between the rivers Bhima and Godavari is a great swelling upland reaching an altitude of 720 metres in certain places. 3. Both Krishna and Godavari, the two most important rivers of the State, flow through the Telan­ gana region. Both these rivers are of perennial typ*e. On its way through the Telangana region, the Goda­ vari receives several important tributaries I’ke Man- jira, Maneru, Pranahita and Indravati. The Pranahita flowing north of Adilabad district forms the boundary between Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh States. The Krishna river, the •^econd impor­ tant river in Andhra Pradesh, rises in Mahabaleshwar in the Western Ghats and flows through Maharashtra and Mysore and enters Andhra Pradesh in Makthal taluk of Mahbubnagar district. Its chief tributaries in the Telangana region are the Dindi, Musi, Paleru and Maneru. Geology: 4. The Archaean gneisses are the oldest types of rock formations which dominate almost the whole of the Telangana region. These formations yield un­ limited quantities of very high grade building stone in many parts of Hyderabad, Mahbubnagar, Karim- nagar, Khammam, Nalgonda and Warangal districts. The granite from Lingampally in Hyderabad district belonging to this type, is famous for its great dura­ bility, massive nature and freedom from voids. The Dharwar formations, which mainly consist of schists, occur in minor patches in Makthal, Atmakur and Gadwal taluks of Mahbubnagar district. The Cud- dapah formations occur in parts of Narasampet taluk in Warangal district, Yellandu, Bhoorgampahad and Kothagudem taluks in Khammam district and the northern most parts of Adilabad and Asifabad taluks in Adilabad district. These formations are associated with deposits of limestone, barytes, asbestos, steatite and ochres. Large deposits of iron ore are also found in the sand-stone of this group in Khammam district. There is a long strip of Gondwana formation in the Pranahita Godavari valley, in a 50 mile wide belt run­ ning into hundreds of miles.