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Animal Use and Meaning at Moxviquil, Chiapas Mexico

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Animal Use and Meaning at Moxviquil, Chiapas Mexico anthropozoologica 2020 ● 55 ● 4 Hunting, husbandry, exchange and ritual: animal use and meaning at Moxviquil, Chiapas Mexico Elizabeth H. PARIS, Roberto LÓPEZ BRAVO, Ellen PACHECO & Miranda GEORGE art. 55 (4) — Published on 13 March 2020 www.anthropozoologica.com DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTRICE EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Joséphine Lesur RÉDACTRICE / EDITOR: Christine Lefèvre RESPONSABLE DES ACTUALITÉS SCIENTIFIQUES / RESPONSIBLE FOR SCIENTIFIC NEWS: Rémi Berthon ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR: Emmanuelle Rocklin ([email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT: Emmanuelle Rocklin, Inist-CNRS COMITÉ SCIENTIFIQUE / SCIENTIFIC BOARD: Cornelia Becker (Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Allemagne) Liliane Bodson (Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique) Louis Chaix (Muséum d’Histoire naturelle, Genève, Suisse) Jean-Pierre Digard (CNRS, Ivry-sur-Seine, France) Allowen Evin (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France) Bernard Faye (Cirad, Montpellier, France) Carole Ferret (Laboratoire d’Anthropologie Sociale, Paris, France) Giacomo Giacobini (Università di Torino, Turin, Italie) Véronique Laroulandie (CNRS, Université de Bordeaux 1, France) Marco Masseti (University of Florence, Italy) Georges Métailié (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France) Diego Moreno (Università di Genova, Gènes, Italie) François Moutou (Boulogne-Billancourt, France) Marcel Otte (Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique) Joris Peters (Universität München, Munich, Allemagne) François Poplin (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France) Jean Trinquier (École Normale Supérieure, Paris, France) Baudouin Van Den Abeele (Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain, Belgique) Christophe Vendries (Université de Rennes 2, Rennes, France) Noëlie Vialles (CNRS, Collège de France, Paris, France) Denis Vialou (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France) Jean-Denis Vigne (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France) Arnaud Zucker (Université de Nice, Nice, France) COUVERTURE / COVER : Canid specimens from Moxviquil, Chiapas, Mexico. Photographs: Elizabeth Paris. Anthropozoologica est indexé dans / Anthropozoologica is indexed in: – Social Sciences Citation Index – Arts & Humanities Citation Index – Current Contents - Social & Behavioral Sciences – Current Contents - Arts & Humanities – Zoological Record – BIOSIS Previews – Initial list de l’European Science Foundation (ESF) – Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD) – Research Bible Anthropozoologica est distribué en version électronique par / Anthropozoologica is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Anthropozoologica est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris, avec le soutien du CNRS. Anthropozoologica is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris, with the support of the CNRS. Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Zoosystema, Geodiversitas, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie. Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2020 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 0761-3032 / ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 2107-08817 Hunting, husbandry, exchange and ritual: animal use and meaning at Moxviquil, Chiapas Mexico Elizabeth H. PARIS Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, Earth Sciences 620, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary AB T2N 0J6 (Canada) [email protected] Roberto LÓPEZ BRAVO Escuela de Arqueología, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Camino Antiguo a San Gabriel s/n, Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas 29160 (Mexico) [email protected] Ellen PACHECO Miranda GEORGE Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, Earth Sciences 620, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary AB T2N 0J6 (Canada) [email protected] [email protected] Submitted on 23 October 2019 | Accepted on 21 January 2020 | Published on 13 March 2020 Paris E. H., López Bravo R., Pacheco E. & George M. 2020. — Hunting, husbandry, exchange and ritual: animal use and meaning at Moxviquil, Chiapas Mexico. Anthropozoologica 55 (4): 43-72. https://doi.org/10.5252/anthropozoo- logica2020v55a4. http://anthropozoologica.com/55/4 ABSTRACT This study investigates the animal use of the ancient inhabitants of Moxviquil, a small urban center in the Jovel Valley of highland Chiapas, Mexico, that was occupied during the Late Classic (AD 600-900) and Early Postclassic periods (AD 900-1250). Zooarchaeological remains were recovered from the monumental zone, from a neighboring hilltop residential group, and from the funerary cave located immediately below the residential group. Rather than a hard boundary between house and wilderness, sacred and profane, the distribution of different species and elements reflect the ways in which animals and animal products were interwoven through the fabric of cultural practice. Domestic spaces reflect the selective husbandry and hunting of animals for everyday living, compared to the high-status crafts and dedicatory contexts of royal residences, and the carefully constructed microcosm KEY WORDS of ritual activities represented in the funerary cave. Following Rapoport (1982) and Barthes (2012), Maya, zooarchaeology, we use a framework of low-level, mid-level and high-level meanings to understand everyday hunting hunting, and domestication practice, status and exchange relationships, and medicinal and ceremonial uses. husbandry, Considering the meanings of particular animal species can provide a holistic perspective on the cul- exchange, ritual, tural practices that shaped royal, residential and ritual spaces at Moxviquil, and provide a perspective Chiapas. on broader issues of agro-urbanism and resiliency in highland Maya polities. ANTHROPOZOOLOGICA • 2020 • 55 (4) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.anthropozoologica.com 43 Paris E. H. et al. RÉSUMÉ Chasse, élevage, échange et rituel : exploitation et signification des animaux à Moxviquil, Chiapas, Mexique. Cet article examine l’exploitation des animaux par les anciens habitants de Moxviquil, un petit centre urbain de la vallée de Jovel, dans les hautes terres du Chiapas, au Mexique, occupé à l’époque Classique ancien (600 à 900 apr. J.-C.) et Postclassique ancien (900 à 1250 apr. J.-C.). Les vestiges archéofau- niques ont été retrouvés dans la zone monumentale, dans un groupe résidentiel voisin situé au som- met d’une colline et dans la grotte funéraire située immédiatement en dessous du groupe résidentiel. Plutôt qu’une frontière ferme entre espaces domestiques et nature sauvage, entre sacré et profane, la distribution des différentes espèces et éléments squelettiques reflète la manière dont les animaux et leurs produits ont été imbriqués dans la structure des pratiques culturelles. Les espaces domestiques reflètent l’élevage sélectif et la chasse d'animaux pour la vie quotidienne, qui contrastent avec l'artisanat de haut rang et les contextes dédicatoires des résidences royales, et avec le microcosme soigneusement construit des activités rituelles représentées dans la grotte funéraire. En nous basant sur les travaux de MOTS CLÉS Rapoport (1982) et Barthes (2012), nous utilisons un cadre de significations avec des niveaux bas, Maya, zooarchéologie, intermédiaire et haut pour comprendre les pratiques quotidiennes de chasse et d’élevage, les relations de chasse, statut et d’échange, ainsi que les usages médicinaux et cérémoniels. Prendre en compte la signification élevage, des espèces animales particulières peut fournir une perspective holistique sur les pratiques culturelles échange, rituel, qui ont façonné les espaces royaux, résidentiels et rituels à Moxviquil, ainsi qu’une perspective sur des Chiapas. questions plus vastes d’agro-urbanisme et de résilience dans les États Maya des hautes terres. INTRODUCTION complexities in the construction of domestic and ritual space in Early Postclassic period highland Maya polities. Rather than a This study investigates the animal use of the ancient inhabitants hard boundary between house and wilderness, sacred and profane, of Moxviquil, a small urban center in highland Chiapas, Mexico, we can observe the ways in which animals and animal products that was occupied during the Late Classic (AD 600-900) and were interwoven through the fabric of cultural practice. Domestic Early Postclassic (AD 900-1250) periods. Studies of ancient spaces reflect the selective husbandry and hunting of animals for Maya ecology and diet often focus on lowland regions, marked everyday living, compared to the high-status crafts and dedica- by intensive management of tropical forests and their associated tory contexts of royal residences, and the carefully constructed animal species; this study will provide a complimentary perspec- microcosm of ritual activities represented in the funerary cave. tive from the western Maya frontier region, with significantly Scholars such as Rapoport (1982) and Barthes (2012) and have different ecosystems. The region has been the focus of detailed identified three themes or levels of meaning into which materials, ethnobiological research
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