Whitepaper 3D Human Models Types, Applications, Benefits
Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Kfm. Christoph Runde Virtual Dimension Center (VDC) Fellbach Auberlenstr. 13 70736 Fellbach www.vdc-fellbach.de
© Competence Centre for Virtual Reality and Cooperative Engineering w. V. – Virtual Dimension Center (VDC) Vorstellung VDC Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization
Content Application classes 3D human models Objective and benefits 3D human models Description dimensions Areas of application Recording, digitization ApplicationVorstellung classes VDC Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization
Application classes 3D human models Digital design and testing of (technical) systems for human use (examples: usability, accessibility, visibility, comfort, safety, protection, crash, orthotics, prosthetics) Digital design and testing of technical systems taking into account the presence of humans: human as a physical influencing variable, for example in simulation models (examples: crash, airflow cockpit, vibration analysis seat) Physical simulation of body functions (examples: forces, flow) Design, test, training of processes with the involvement of other actors/ avatars (examples: military training environments, emergency response simulators) Training and education on digital people (example: surgery) Virtual human as a trainer for the improvement of knowledge transfer Media, entertainment, infotainment, tele conferences Vorstellung VDC Objective & Benefit Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization
Objective and benefits 3D human models Avoidance of (accident/ life) danger Consideration of many age groups, percentiles, somatotypes in the system design: hedging product functionality for large part of the population is achievable Objective, repeatable statements about comfort Meaningful simulation results (physics) partially only possible taking a human model into account Realistic but risk-free military and medical simulators: better training effect Diagnostic support Simulation environments with avatars cheaper in the medium term than field exercises; independent of disturbing influences (like weather) Increase entertainment value, improve transfer Vorstellung VDC Description dimensions Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization
Description dimensions 3D human models
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1]7JH.`QJ1 Areas of application Engineering: design workplaces, cockpit, work processes, tools, sports equipment, (protective) clothing Defense: training, battlefield simulation Medicine: training surgery, design implant with CT data, simulation as diagnostic support Fashion design Entertainment: games, film Education: digital trainers Areas of application for digital human models [Badler, Norman (1997): Virtual Humans for Animation, Ergonomics, and Simulation. Los Alamitos, Calif.: IEEE Computer Society Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Anthropometric models Comfort and accessibility analyses Visibility analyses Collision checks (e.g. in the Jack (Siemens PLM) vehicle area) Realistic motion simulation Anthropometry database for statistical body shape sizing Automatic, statically-based generation of body types based on three specific measures IDO:Ergonomics (ICIDO) Skeleton with bones and joints (kinematics), angle restrictions RTT Ramsis (RTT) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Anthropometric models Fashion design Virtual prototyping of fashion, styling evaluation Generation of patterns Fashion visualization (RTT) Fashion visualization (Wurzel-Medien) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Biomechanics models Digital atlases and analysis of CT and MRI data Spatial representation of human anatomy for education/ training DigiHom (Fraunhofer IPA) CT and MRI data can also be displayed immersively Spatial work (navigation, sections) possible Google Body Browser (Google) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Biomechanics models Analysis of the human locomotor system Muscle and joint forces Elastic energy in tendons Muscle activity Development of prostheses and implants Ergonomic investigations Motion analyses in sports Rehabilitation Human locomotor system (AnyBody) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Biomechanics models Graphic and haptic representation of invasive procedures with associated equipment (endoscopes, laparoscopes, ...) for training Laparoscope-simulator Endoscope-simulator Virtual surgery with associated haptic interface (The Medical News (2010): http://www.thaimedicalnews.com) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Physics simulation models Analysis of flow and structure simulation results Spatial representation and interaction for the analysis of simulation results Flow simulation aneurism (Visenso) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Physics simulation models Load calculation for implants based on FEM and MKS Product AnyBody: set kinematics of the vertebrae Product ANSYS: FEM analysis (load, strength) of the vertebra implant based on vertebra kinematics Implant calculation (CADFEM, Anybody) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Avatars Digital trainer Multimodal communication: speaking, gesturing, pointing at the same time Assistant Steve explains, what has to be done (University of Southern California ) Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Avatars Use of human models as independent actors Creation of parametric movements Models programmed or behavior- based Specialised software: Poser (left) and MakeHuman (right) Special modeling and animation (POSER - Complete 3D Figure Design & Animation http://poser.smithmicro.com/poser.html , tools, animation libraries MAKEHUMAN - Open Source Tool for making 3D charakters, http://www.makehuman.org) Processing motion-capturing data Additional plug-ins (e.g. fabric simulation) Morphing (e.g. for facial animation) Hair simulation Virtual actress from the game „Heavy Rain“ [Heavy Rain - Playstation 3 (2010), http://www.heavyrainps3.com] Vorstellung VDC Areas of application Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Avatars Provision of action scenarios Learn2work Korion Re-enactment of production scenarios: leadership, pay systems Education/ training, team training, operational planning, reviewing procedures, virtual accident exercises, practicing the operation ADMS Re-enactment of disaster scenarios, ETC Simulation, Florida/USA reconstruction of procedures/ operations related to disasters and subsequent rescue operations Acceptance of buildings and plants: checking the suitability for evacuation, XVR for the isolation of an accident E-Semble, Netherlands Vorstellung VDC Digitization Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Recording, digitization Countrywide series measurement (e.g. iSize) Body scanner: surface model Computer Tomography (CT): especially bones Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): especially tissues and organs Force-torque sensors 3D body scanner (Vitus) CT data (Wikipedia) Recording the force-path curve (here: using animal preparation) Source: TU München Vorstellung VDC Digitization Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Recording, digitization Motion capturing Recording the positions of limbs and joints Transfer to avatar Real-time capability High realism of movements Optical, Motion capturing (optical, magnetic, mechanical and gyroscopic) [Tümmler, Jörn (2007): avatars in real- electromagnetic, time simulation. Dissertation, Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel] mechanical, gyroscopic Vorstellung VDC Digitization Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Literature Brechter, Matthias: Entwicklung einer Auswahlsystematik für digitale Menschmodelle. Masterthesis, Hochschule Reutlingen, 2010 Badler, Norman (1997): Virtual Humans for Animation, Ergonomics, and Simulation. Los Alamitos, Calif.: IEEE Computer Society Bubb, Heiner: A Scientific perspective of digital human models: past, present, and future. In: Duffy, Vincent; R aton, Boca: Handbook of Digital Human Modelling.CRC Press, 2009 Jens Mühlstedt, Hans Kaußler und Birgit Spanner-Ulme: Programme in Menschengestalt: Digitale Menschmodelle für CAx- und PLM-Systeme. The Software Incarnate: Digital Human Models for CAx- and PLMSystems. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, 2/2008 Organisations Global Human Body Models Consortium, www.ghbmc.com SAE G-13 Committee on Digital Human Modelling Technology http://www.sae.org/standardsdev/aerospace/g13.htm IEA Technical Committee on Human Simulation and Virtual Environments (TC HSVE), http://www.iea.cc/02_about/Technical%20Committees/Human%20Simulation%20and%20Virtual%20Environ ments.html International Society for Human Simulation http://www.societyhumansimulation.org/ Vorstellung VDC Digitization Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Norms, guidelines, committees ISO 7250 Anthropometry / Essential dimensions of the human body for the technical design ISO 15535 General requirements for establishing anthropometric databases ISO 15536-1/-2 Ergonomics - Computer manikins and body templates ISO 13407 User-oriented design of interactive systems ISO 20685 3-D scanning methodologies for internationally compatible anthropometric databases ISO/IEC 19774 Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing – Humanoid Animation (H-Anim) DIN EN 547-1/3 Body measurements of humans VDI 3633-6 Simulation - Illustration of the personnel in simulation models VDI 4499 Part 4 Features and Limitations of Human Models, German Guideline Vorstellung VDC Application classes Objective& Benefit Description dimensions Areas of application Digitization Members regarding this topic Thank you very much for your interest! You are interested in this topic and you are looking for contact persons/ implementation partners? Please contact us. Virtual Dimension Center (VDC) Fellbach Auberlenstraße 13 70736 Fellbach www.vdc-fellbach.de © Competence Centre for Virtual Reality and Cooperative Engineering w. V. – Virtual Dimension Center (VDC)